NAME OF DRUG
Generic name: Ciprofloxacin Brand name: Classification: Anti-infectives Antibiotic Class: Fluoroquinolones
DOSE, ROUTE AND FREQUENCY Dose: 400 mg Route: IV Frequency: Q12
MECHANISM OF ACTION
INDICATIONS
Inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis by inhibiting DNA gyrase.
Ciprofloxacin is used to treat infections of the skin, lungs, airways, bones, and joints Therapeutic Effects: caused by Death of susceptible susceptible bacteria. bacteria. It is also frequently Spectrum: Broad used to treat urinary activity includes infections caused by many gram-positive bacteria such as E. pathogens. coli. It is effective in treating infectious diarrheas caused by E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni, and Shigella bacteria.
CONTRAINDICATIONS ADVERSE EFFECT
NURSING CONSIDERATION
Contraindicated in hypersensitivity, crosssensitivity among agents may occur.
-Assess for infection prior to and during therapy.
Use cautiously in underlying CNS pathology, renal impairment, cirrhosis.
CNS: Seizures, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, insomnia, acute psychoses, agitation, confusion, hallucinations, increased intracranial pressure, tremors. GI: pseudomembranous colitis, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, altered taste GU: interstitial cystitis, vaginitis Derm: rash Endo: hyperglycemia, hypoglycaemia Local: phlebitis at IV site MS: tendinitis, tendon rupture Misc: hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson
-Obtain specimens for culture and sensitivity before initiating therapy. First dose may be given before receiving results. To prevent development of resistant bacteria, therapy should only be used to treat infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. -Observe for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis (rash, pruritus, laryngeal edema, wheezing). Discontinue drug and notify physician immediately if these problems occur.
syndrome, lymphadenopathy
Keep epinephrine and resuscitation equipment close by in case of an anaphylactic reaction. -Encourage patient to maintain a fluid intake of at least 1500-2000 ml/day to prevent crystalluria. -Advise patients that antacids or medications containing iron or zinc will decrease absorption and should not be taken. -Caution patient that this may cause dizziness and drowsiness
