THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY CRIMINOLOGY Licensure Examination ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CRIMINALISTICS SET A
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for each item y sha!ing the s"ace corres"on!ing to the letter letter of your your choice choice on the answer answer sheet sheet "ro#i! "ro#i!e!. e!. STRICT STRICT$% $% NO &R'SUR &R'SUR&S &S '$$O(&). MU$TI*$& C+OIC& ,. (hich (hich among the followin following g scientific scientific ai!ers ai!ers in crime !etecti !etection on can inform the in#estigator as to the !eath of a "erson'. finger"rint e"ert C me!ical eaminer /. allistician ). car!iologist 0. There are two ty"es of stan!ar!s to e otaine! in the in#estigation of questione! !ocuments1 one is collecte! an! the other is 22222222. '. "hotogra"he! C. none of these ). re"licate! !. !ictate! 3. 4alton5 one of the finger"rint "ioneers5 scientifically estimate! estimate! that the "ossiility of the "rints of 6ust two fingers eing i!entical to each other is2222222. '. 78 illion to , C. 9 illion to , /. ;8 illion to , ). ,88 illion to , . (hat is the most "o"ular an! tra!itional mo!e of remo#ing "ow!er resi!ue'. swaing cotton moistene! with ;< nitric aci! !. washing han!s with #inegar C. washing oth han!s with hot water ). s"raying han!s with so!ium rho!i=onate ;. (hat metallic o6ect is attache! to the free en! of the cylin!rical ti" of the cartri!ge case "ro"elle! y the e"ansi#e force of the "ro"ellant an! is res"onsile in !amaging the target'. ullet C. all of these /. missile or "ro6ectile ). slug 9. (hat is '. /. C. ).
the #alue of hy"notism in criminal in#estigationhy"notist hy"notist can can #ery well well gui!e gui!e in#esti in#estigator gator on on case !esire! !esire! informa information tion can can e aun!ant aun!antly ly gathere! gathere! a!mi a!miss ssi ile le in in court court su6ect su6ect totally totally un!er control control y hy"no hy"notist tist
7. (hat scientific "rocess !escries the eha#ior of a sustance when it reacts or comines with another sustance'. "hysical C. chemical /. com"oun! ). mass >. In lie !etection5 the interrogator chart "roes on the su6ect e#ery after the taking of each chart. 't what stage is "ost? interrogation con!ucte!'. !one imme!ia imme!iately tely efore efore con!ucti con!ucting ng the "re? test test inter#iew inter#iew /. !one only only on su6ects su6ects who who refuse refuse to coo"era coo"erate te !uring !uring the eamination C. !one e#ery after after the taking taking of each each chart chart ). when fully fully con#ince! con#ince! of the the su6ect@s su6ect@s guilt guilt ase! ase! on the charts charts taken
A. 222222222 are tiny "ortions or is hill like structure foun! on the e"i!ermis of friction skin containing sweat5 with "ores a""earing as lack lines in a finger"rint im"ression. '. imaginary lines C. lack lines /. furrows ). ri!ges ,8. (hich of the following sustances is a "otential iological agent'. small "o C. anthra /. "lague ). all of these ,,. (hich of the following filter is consi!ere! est in taking "hotogra"hs of car collisions where cars in#ol#e! are newly "ainte!'. yellow C. re! /. green ). ultra? #iolet ,0.(hich of the following houses the internal "arts of the gun'. yoke C. cylin!er /. frame ). chamer ,3. (hat is the "roce!ure of sha!owing a light !uring the "art of the "rinting '. urning in /. cro""ing
"ortion of an image to hol! ack e"osureC. !o!ging ). #ignetting
,. (hat sustance is ca"ale of "ro!ucing noious effect or !estroy life once intro!uce! into the o!y5 asore! through the loo! stream an! acts chemically'. "rotein C. en=ymes /. none of these ). "oisons ,;. (hat "rints are "lain finger im"ressions left in a smooth surfaces unconsciously y a "erson committing an offense'. acci!ental C. strange /. #isile ). stan!ar! ,9. (hat is the asis for a "ositi#e com"arison an! han!writing analysis'. class characteristics /. uniqueness of characteristics C. normal han!writing ). one unique characteristics ,7. (hat ty"e of writers !elierately miss"ells wor!s an! commits errors'. han!ica""e! C. illiterate "erson /. e!ucate! "erson ). a""rehensi#e writers ,>. (hat is that metho! of i!entification !isco#ere! in ,A>; y *rof 'lec Beffreys in Unite! ing!om'. minerological test C. )N' finger"rinting /. "araffin ). allistics ,A. (hat is that con!ition wherein fatty tissues of the o!y are transforme! to soft rownish white sustance known as Da!i"ocereE'. mummification C. maceration /. "utrefaction ). sa"onification 08. (hat straight line connects the center of the succee!ing ste"s of a walking man'. "rinci"al angle C. !irection line /. foot line ). gait line
0,. (hich of the following statement is NOT true of a lie !etector'. it can hel" locate stolen goo!s
/. it enales the com"arison of conflicting statements C. it otains lea!s to the facts of the case ). it !etermines the guilt or innocence of su6ect 00. The DfE numers re"resents the ratio of what characteristics of the lens an! the !iameter of the lens a"erture'. !e"th of focus C. focal length /. focal !istance ). !e"th of fiel! 03. )eformities can e acquire! or can e 2222222222. '. congenital /. natural one structure C. cause! y fracture ). cause! y "lastic surgery 0. (hich of the following is a ty"e of secon!ary classification'. y slant line to the left /. none of these C. y slant line to the right ). y small letter 0;. (hen a answer '. /. C. ).
su6ect makes a!mission or correction with res"ect to his to the control question5 he is usually 222222222222. hesitant or resisting the test telling a lie telling the truth !i! not un!erstan! the question
09. 222222222 is that light sensiti#e sil#er salts in a gelatin me!ium coate! on all "hotogra"hic films an! "a"ers. '. aniline C. emulsion /. sym"athetic inks ). co"y "encil 07. (hat ty"e of classification takes into consi!eration only the loo" ty"e starting from the right thum Fthe first loo" a""earing in the set of "rints on a finger"rint car!G'. secon!ary classification C. final classification /. "rimary classification ). key classification 0>. (hat kin! of questions shoul! e formulate! for "ur"oses of "olygra"h eamination'. narrati#e style /. those answerale y yes or no C. those that call for "ositi#e res"onse ). elaorate! su6ect matter 0A. (hat is that e"i!ermal hairless skin foun! on the lower surface of the han!s an! feet co#ere! with minute ri!ges'. "oly!actyl skin C. e"i!ermis /. friction skin ). fleure line 38. (hat !o you call the inner terminus or focal "oint locate! at the center or the a""roimate center of the "attern area'. center C. core /. !elta ). o"en !elta 3,. (hich among the following is NOT among the three ma6or sections of the "olygra"h machine'. car!ios"hygmogra"h C. "um" ul assemly /. "neumogra"h ). gal#anogra"h 30. (hat is the secret of a goo! shooting form'. firing slowly an! carefully
/. relae! an! natural "osition C. "ro"er sighting of the target ). kee"ing the thum along the hammer 33. (hat finger"rint "attern !oes not ha#e ri!ge count'. whorls C. ra!ial loo"s /. arches ). ulnar loo"s 3. (hich of the following is also calle! D!eltaE in finger"rint i!entification'. lower ri!ge C. outer terminus /. inner terminus ). enclosures 3;. +eat cram"s5 ehaustion5 stroke are sym"toms of heat in6ury that can e classifie! as 22222222222. '. local C. systematic /. s"ora!ic ). erratic 39. +ow many !egrees must you a!! to the )IN rating to !enote !oule emulsion s"ee!'. 3 C. ; /. 0 ). 37. (hich of the following ser#es as "rotection against iological agents'. !econtamination C. mask /. all of these ). sanitation measures 3>. (hat is the usual eha#ior sym"tom of an innocent su6ect in lie !etection'. oftentimes the requesting "arty /. ner#ous C. rece"ti#e to the test ). all of these 3A. There are two ways to i!entify "eo"le1 one5 y com"arison an! the other is y2222222. '. or!inary means C. none of these /. eclusion ). scientific means 8. (hat "atterns !o not ha#e numerical #alue for "ur"oses of "rimary classification'. "lain whorl loo"s /. acci!ental whorl an! arches C. !oule loo" whorl an! arches ). loo"s an! arches ,. (hat contra"tion !e#ice is use! to lock the "ath of light "assing through the lens e"osing the sensiti=e! material'. range fin!er C. e"osure /. shutter ). #iew fin!er 0. (hat is the correct sequence of sensiti#ity of the three emulsion layers of color film'. re!? green? lue C. lue? green? re! /. green? re!? lue ). lue? re!? green
3. (hat classification takes into consi!eration the thums of oth han!s Fri!ge tracing for whorl ty"e an! ri!ge counting for loo" ty"eG'. key classification /. final classification C. ma6or classification
). su secon!ary classification . (hat "rints are ma!e y fingers staine! with colore! materials such as the loo!5 ink5 "aint an! !irt'. "lastic C. latent /. in#isile ). #isile ;. (hat is the s"rea!ing a"art of two lines which ha#e een running "arallel or nearly "arallel'. ifurcation C. a""en!age /. con#ergence ). !i#ergence 9. (hich o6ect as mentione! elow requires in!i#i!ual "hotogra"hs'. any clue to the "er"etrator@s i!entity /. i!entifying marks C. tools or wea"ons use! ). woun!s of the #ictim 7. (here coul! the "rotrusion e if the scratch is "arallel to the ais of the ore an! also "arallel to the e!ge of the lan! im"ression'. insi!e the ore of the firearm /. in the reech an! in the ore C. within the #icinity of the forcing cone ). at the reech of a firearm >. (hich in!icates the s"ee! of the lens or the amount of light the lens lets through in "ro"ortion to its focal length'. flash meters C. f /. e"osure ). electronic flash A. (hat are the canals of !e"ression foun! etween ri!ges calle!'. !ots C. furrows /. "ores ). in!entions ;8. (hat kin! of light makes secret inks #isile'. si!e C. ultra? #iolet /. trans"arent ). o"aque ;,. The comination of lue an! green light will "ro!uce what color'. lack C. magenta /. cyan ). yellow ;0. The im"ortance of in!i#i!ual marks left on a ullet y a gun arrel is that it is useful in !irectly i!entifying the: '. gun from which a ullet was fire! /. !irection from which a shot is fire! C. ullet which cause! a fatal woun! ). "erson who fire! the "articular gun ;3. (hat hol!s the "hotogra"hic "a"ers flat !uring e"osure in the enlarging "rocess'. illows C. easel /. hea! assemly ). ase oar!
;. (hat kin! of ri!ges resemles a !ot5 fragment or "erio!'. en!ing ri!ge C. ri!ge of tranquility /. lake ri!ge ). islan! ri!ge ;;. (hat ty"e of "attern "ossesses either an angle5 an u"thrust5 or two of the three asic characteristics of the loo"'. tente! arch C "lain arch
/. !oule loo"
). central "ocket loo"
;9. (hat is the act of counting the ri!ges which inter#ene etween the core an! the !elta of a loo"'. !i#ergence C. ri!ge counting /. ri!ge tracking ). ri!ge tracing ;7. (hat is the rule where there are two or more "ossile ifurcation !eltas which conform to the !efinition of !elta'. the one nearest the core shoul! e chosen /. the one away from the core is counte! C. the one which !oe not o"en towar!s the core is counte! ). the one towar!s the core shoul! e counte! ;>. $'S&R is also referre! to as '. ultra? #iolet light /. infra? re! light
C. coherent light ). #isile light
;A. The acti#e sustance foun! on su"erglue5 mighty on! an! similar "ro!ucts utili=e! in gas metho! of !e#elo"ing latent im"ression is: '. tetramethyl en=e!ine C. all of these /. ninhy!rin ). cyanoacrylate 98. It is the ri!ge count of the first loo" in a set with finger"rints eginning with the right thum ece"t the little fingers. '. final classification C. ma6or classification /. key classification ). "rimary classification 9,. (hat is the function of the oric aci! an! acetic aci! in the fier'. as "reser#ati#e C. as neutrali=er /. as accelerant ). as restrainer 90. The ouncing or !eflection of a "ro6ectile from its normal "ath after striking a resistant surface is known as: '. recoil C. reoun! /. ricochet ). !eflection 93. The most recent "o"ular scientific tool in the i!entification of "erson is: '. !actylosco"y C. !isco#erer /. com"uter ). )eoyrionucleic aci! 9. +e is known for eing the U.S. "ulic enemy numer one who attem"t to !estroy his friction ri!ge y a""lying a corrosi#e aci!. '. Roert Bames *itts C. Bohn 'ugustus /. Bohn )illinger ). Roscoe *itts 9;. (hat is a system of i!entification which was use! earlier than finger"rint system5 ma!e y measuring #arious ony structure of human o!y !e#elo"e! y 'l"honse /ertillion'. *ortrait "arle C. Tattoo /. 'nthro"ometry !. *hotogra"hy
99. Ri!ge forms in the "erson@s fingers an! feet usually !uring what month of the fetus life'. 3 to C. ; to 9 /. > to A ). 3 to 97. (hat fingers are rolle! towar!s the o!y in taking a rolle! im"ression-
'. oth little fingers /. all fingers ece"t thum
C. oth in!e fingers ). oth thum fingers
9>. (hat is known as the re"ro!uction of an im"ression ma!e on soft surface y utili=ing casting materials'. !ry fusions C. moulage /. aci! etching ). "laster of "aris 9A. ' critical com"arison or si!e?y?si!e eamination is known as: '. olique C. collation /. com"arison ). none of these 78. ' !ocument com"letely written an! signe! y one "erson is calle!: '. questione! !ocument C. !is"ute! !ocument /. hologra"hic !ocument ). caron co"y 7,. (hat is film with the longest range of sensiti#ity in the electromagnetic s"ectrum calle!'. "anchromatic film C. lue sensiti#e film /. infra re! film ). orthochromatic film 70. (hat is the "rocess of !issolution of tissue y the !igesti#e action of its en=ymes an! acteria resulting to liquefaction of tissues an! lieration of foul smelling gases'. sa"onification C. maceration /. !ecom"osition ). "utrefaction 73. (hy must the taking of "hotogra"hs from an unusual camera "osition in crime "hotogra"hy e a#oi!e!'. it !istorts the focus /. it !istorts the magnification C. it !istorts the "ers"ecti#e ). it !istorts teture 7. (hat is !one5 when one retouches or goes ack o#er a !efecti#e "ortion of a writing stroke'. "ressuring C. sha!ing /. retracing ). "atching 7;. In "hotogra"hing a crime scene5 what #iew will est feature the nature of the crime scene'. me!ium C. close? u" /. general ). etreme close? u" 79. (hat "rolem is usually encountere! y a "hotogra"her when using a flash unit'. synchroni=ation C. "aralla /. neutral !ensity ). multi"le image 77. The est way to con!uct a thorough inter#iew is for the in#estigator to 22222222. '. allow himself sufficient time for a!6ustment /. "ermit the inter#iewee to gi#e narrati#e statement C. e gui!e! y a "re? arrange! checklist ). !e#ote a!equate time for an inter#iewee@s e#aluation 7>. In stake out sur#eillance "hotogra"hy5 where the "hotogra"her cannot get close to the su6ect5 what kin! of lens must e use!'. normal C. wi!e? angle /. tele"hoto ). =oom 7A. (hat is the effect of heat of sunlight to )N' sam"le'. sanitation C. contamination
). "reser#ation
). none of these
>8. (hat is the normal !e#elo"ing time for a normally e"ose! film using a )?79 !e#elo"er'. fi#e to si minutes /. eight to ten minutes C. twel#e to fifteen minutes ). fifteen to twenty minutes >,. (hat is the est e#i!entiary s"ecimen that can e use! in )N' analysis'. semen C. urine /. sali#a ). loo! >0. One of the most e"ensi#e instruments use! for eamination of !ocuments that woul! show three F3G !imensional enlargements'. "olari=ing light C. stereosco"ic microsco"e /. infra? re! ga!get ). ultra? #iolet lam" >3. (hat is a s"ecimen of writing in which the letter are !isconnecte! in form'. cursi#e C. manuscri"t /. han! lettering ). lock ca"ital >. It is the comination of the asic !esigns of letter an! the writing mo#ement in#ol#e! in the writing'. co"y ook form C. writing mo#ement /. system of writing ). line quality >;. (ho is known as the father of questione! !ocument'. +ans 4ross C. Bohn 'ugustus /. Orway +ilton ). 'lert Osorn >9. (hat is the rearwar! reaction of the firearm in relation to the forwar! mo#ement of the ullet u"on firing'. ack fire C. uck shots /. recoil ). ricochet >7. (ho among the following is cre!ite! for the successful in#ention of the gun"ow!er'. Bohn Horsyth C. +orace Smith /. Cal#in 4o!!ar! ). /erthol! Schwart= >>. (hat is the i!eal e"osure setting of a film with 'S' ,88 at ha=y sunlight'. ,,0; f;.9 C. ,0; f,, /. , ,0; f> ). ,,0; f,9 >A. (hat is calle! as the "art of the mechanism in a firearm which causes em"ty shells or cartri!ge cases to e thrown from the gun'. etractor C. hammer /. trigger ). e6ector
A8. Occurs when a cartri!ge fails to e"lo!e on time or there is a !elaye! in e"losion !ue to faulty functioning of the "rimer or faulty ignition of the "ro"ellant. '. misfire C. recoil /. hang fire ). key hole shot
A,. (hat was the first court which hel! u"on the a!missiility of finger"rint as e#i!ence'. New Bersey court C. California court /. Illinois court ). Seattle court A0. In collecting semen on an o6ect5 use a tue an! transfer it to: '. cotton cloth C. "a"er "ocket /. container ). glass kit A3. In forgery y simulating metho!5 the est equi"ment to use in !etecting is the: '. gra"hic camera C. com"uting magnifying glass /. high "owere! microsco"e ). low "owere! microsco"e A. *hotogra"hs are #aluale in crime in#estigations for it "ro#i!es law enforcers an easier works in court: '. !uties C. testimony /. function ). a""earance A;. Can a strong aci! urn com"letely an! ne#er to recur finger"rints'. always C. none of these /. it !e"en!s ). no A9. Microsco"ic eamination is a: '. conformity test /. "hysical test
C. "hysiological test ). scientific test
A7. *roof of "oisoning maye otaine! from the "ost mortem eamination an! y: '. toicologic /. "athologic analysis of the tissue C. necro"sy ). chemical analysis of the organs A>. To !etermine whether a loo" is ra!ial5 it is im"ortant that the eaminer shoul! know first what'. han! where the finger"rint came /. finger nail of the su6ect C. "attern of the ri!ge ). "erson where the im"ression came AA. (hich of the following !istinguish "lain arch from other finger"rint "attern'. has a core ut no !elta /. "resence of !elta only C. none of these ). asence of !elta an! core ,88. (hich of the following is an essential requisite of a loo"'. there must e a !elta ! a"" o# t$ese
C. there must e a rucur#ing ri!ge that "asses etween the core an! the !elta ). there must e a core
,8,. (hat was the first 6u!icial case which u"hel! u"on the a!missiility of finger"rint as e#i!ence'. *eo"le #s Miran!a /. *eo"le #s &scoe!o C %eo&"e 's (ennin)s
). None of these
,80. The scattering of light rays after "assing through a small a"erture is calle!: C. *i##raction '. reflection /. asor"tion ). transmission ,83. (ho in#ente! the instant "hotogra"hic "rocess commonly known as *olaroi!'. 4eorge &astman C. E*+in Her,ert Lan* /. Bohn +erschel ). (illiam Talot ,8. ' lens of a camera is su""ose! to ha#e inherent se#en ma6or lens !efect or aerrations. Of these !efects5 the most !ifficult lens or aerration to correct is the '. S"herical aerration /. Chromatic aerration /. 'stigmatism ). !istortion ,8;. The !etermining factor of how wi!e is the area of co#erage of a lens as well as the si=e of the image that it will "ro!uce is: '. !e"th of fiel! C. lens o"ening /. focal length ). hy"erfocal !istance ,89. The one who coine! the wor! D"hotogra"hyE is: '. Bose"h Nie"ce C. $ouis Bacques /. Bohn +erschel ). (illiam Talot ,87. 'n or!inary lack an! white film has three !istincti#e layers5 a color film has how many layers'. four C. si /. fi#e ). se#en ,8>. 4enerally5 the one that actually forms the image in "hotogra"hy are those lights that are eing 2222222. '. reflecte! C. transmitte! /. asore! ). !is"erse! y su6ect ,8A. ' "hotogra"hic "a"er use! in "rinting normal e"ose! or normal contrast negati#e is: '. numer , C. numer 0 /. numer 3 ). numer 8 ,,8. The main !ifference etween taking an or!inary "hotogra"h to that of infra? re! "hotogra"hy lies in the three F3G H@s namely5 film5 filter an! 222222. '. focal C. focusing /. framing ). fiel! of #iew ,,,. The main reason for a long an! com"lete washing of a "rocesse! film or "hotogra"hic "a"er in running water is to remo#e the "resence of: '. aci! C. hy"o /. alum ). nitrate ,,0. It is the !istance at which a lens of a camera is focuse! with a gi#en "articular !ia"hragm o"ening which will gi#e the maimum !e"th of fiel!. '. hy"erfocal !istance C. su6ect !istance /. focal !istance ). focal length ,,3. It is one of the three F3G secon!ary colors of light. '. lue C. re! /. green ). yellow ,,. The focusing metho! wherein the !istance form the lens of the camera to the su6ect is measure!5 estimate! or calculate!5 then sai! !istance is set on the lens mount.
'. scale? e! /. s"lit image
C. co? inci!ent image ). groun! glass
,,;. It is the "roce!ure of sha!owing a "ortion of an image to hol! ack light !uring "art of the "rinting e"osure. '. #ignetting C. !o!ging /. cro""ing ). urning? in ,,9. 4enerally5 a lens ha#e only one focal length5 howe#er5 there is a lens with #ariale focal length an! it is known as: '. wi!e angle lens C. tele"hoto lens /. normal lens ). =oom lens ,,7. The film that has the wi!est range of s"ectral sensiti#ity to the !ifferent energies of the electromagnetic s"ectrum. '. lue sensiti#e C. "anchromatic /. orthochromatic ). infra re! ,,>. In the eamination of fiers5 hairs or sometimes ullet or shells5 there is a nee! to use a microsco"e. The "rocess of taking "ictures through microsco"e is: '. "hotomicrogra"hy C. "hotomicrogra"hy /. micro"hotogra"hy ). thermogra"h ,,A. (hat filter is use! in "hotogra"hing latent finger"rints on a shinny or highly "olishe! surface ecause it re!uce or eliminate glare or reflections'. correction filter C. "olari=ing filter /. contrast filter ). neutral !ensity filter ,08. The emulsion s"ee! rating of a film that is oth e"resse! in arithmetical an! logarithmic #alue. '. 'S' rating C. ISO rating /. )IN rating ). /SI rating ,0,. (hat lighting con!ition in sunlight wherein o6ects in o"en s"ace cast a trans"arent sha!ow'. right sunlight C. clou!y !ull sunlight /. ha=y sunlight ). clou!y right sunlight ,00. ' finger"rint im"ression ma!e from stam" "a! ink while #ery legile to the eye is a "rolem when "hotogra"he! with an or!inary film ecause it lacks contrast. To im"ro#e contrast the use of this filter will hel" tremen!ously. '. ultra? #iolet filter C. "anchromatic film /. lue sensiti#e film ). infra? re! ,03. Ultra #iolet "hotogra"hy has many uses in crime in#estigation. (hat ty"e of film can e use! for ultra? #iolet "hotogra"hy'. orthochromatic film C. "anchromatic film /. all of these ). infra? re! film ,0. In "hotogra"hing questione! signatures or latent "rints1 a film with a #ery fine grain shoul! e consi!ere! so it coul! e enlarge! to maimum si=es without consi!erale loss in !etails. (hich of the following has the finest grains'. 'S' 88 C. 'S' ,88 /. 'S' ,988 ). 'S' ,088 ,0;. )e"th of fiel! or the range of shar"ness in front of an! ehin! the su6ect on which focus has een set is controlle! y the lens or !ia"hragm o"ening. To get a wi!er !e"th of fiel! use a: '. smaller lens o"ening C. wi!er lens o"ening /. me!ium lens o"ening ). none of these
,09. The lens o"ening also known as the relati#e a"erture is the in!icator for light transmitting ca"aility of the lens. (hich lens o"ening will a!mit more light to "ass through its me!ium'. f 0.> C. f /. f ;.9 ). f ,9 ,07. *hotogra"hs they D!o not lieE. +owe#er5 "hotogra"hs sometimes mislea! like in re#erse! "hotogra"hs. In traffic acci!ent in#estigation5 a ski! mark cur#ing to the right will e shown in "hotogra"h to e cur#ing to the left instea!. This mislea!ing "hotogra"h is rought aout y the wrong "lacement of 2222222222222. '. "hotogra"hic "a"er in the easel /. "hotogra"hic "a"er in the !e#elo"er C. negati#e in the enlarger ). "hotogra"hic "a"er in the fier ,0>. Hor a film with an 'S' rating of 0885 the e"osure setting at right sunlight of a normal su6ect woul! e: '. , ,0; f;.9 C. ,38 f ;.9 /. , 98 f > ). ,0;8 f ,. ,0A. ' camera lens that is ca"ale of taking "hotogra"hs of etreme close? u" without the nee! of close? u" attachment is calle!: '. wi!e angle lens C. macro lens /. =oom lens ). tele"hoto lens ,38. (hich of the following "hotogra"hic rays will corres"on! to the wa#e length of 88? 788 nanometers'. ? ray C. #isile light /. ultra? #iolet rays ). infra? re! rays ,3,. Hor "ro"er flash synchroni=ation for an electronic flash unit5 the flash cor! shoul! e "lugge! into the socket in the camera marke! as what'. J C. M /. H* ). none of these ,30. The ty"e of "hotogra"hic "a"er use! in enlarging or "ro6ecting "rinting is the 22222222. '. chlori!e "a"er C. io!i!e "a"er /. romi!e "a"er ). nitrate ,33. It is the !e#ice use! in film !e#elo"ing wherein the film is win!e! along its s"iral groo#e so that no surface of the film of the will touch each other thus5 assuring e#en !e#elo"ment is calle!'. film reloa!er C. film cartri!ge /. !e#elo"ing reel ). !e#elo"ing tank ,3. Hiation is the stage in chemical "rocessing where the image in the film or the "a"er is ma!e "ermanent. This is achie#e! y !issol#ing all the une"ose! an! un!e#elo"e! 2222222. '. metallic C. mineral aci!s /. sil#er hali!es ). "otassium alum ,3;. ' "hotogra"hic filter "re#ents some "ortion of the e"osing energy from reaching the film therey necessitating an increase of e"osure to otain "ro"er results. The amount of increase require! is in!icate! y a numer calle!'. gui!e numer C. f numer /. filter factor ). shutter s"ee!
,39. In the negati#e5 one si!e is shinny while the other si!e is !ull. (hat !o you call to the !ull si!e of the negati#e'. emulsion C. gray /. ase ). gelatin ,37. The normal !e#elo"ing time of a film in a newly mie! )? 79 !e#elo"er at or!inary room tem"erature tank metho! is: '. si to se#en minutes /. one to one an! half minutes C. ten to fifteen minutes ). twenty to thirty minutes ,3>. 'n i!eal camera ty"e for "olice "hotogra"hy !ue to its #ersatility5 com"actness5 interchangeaility of lenses an! therefore an all "ur"ose camera is: '. range fin!er C. "ress ty"e /. single lens refle ). o ty"e ,3A. One of the a!#ancement of "hotogra"hy nowa!ays is the use of $'S&R. (ith the use of this one will e ale to "ro!uce a three !imensional "hotogra"h calle!: '. "hotogram C. monogram /. hologram ). ektogram ,8. Caron !ioi!e is ha=ar!ous ecause it: '. is "oisonous /. e"lo!es when ignite! y s"ark C. *oes not su""ort life ). su""orts comustion ,,. (hy fountain "en ink5 colore! ink an! stam" "a! ink are o6ectionale for taking real im"ressions'. t$e are too thin /. they !ry too slow C. they !o not easily smear ). satisfactory for com"arison "ur"oses ,0. Hrom the stan!"oint of the allistician5 what is the most im"ortant single "rocess in arrel manufacture'. oring "osition C. rifling "osition /. grin!ing ). reaming "osition ,3. (hat is a ullet ma!e of steel with co""er entry'. trace ullet /. ullet with "lastic C. armour "iercing ullet ). ullet with secon!ary e"losion ,. (hat ty"e of firearm is fe! y chamer'. single shot firearm C. olt action /. automatic ty"e ). sli!e action ,;. (hat is the rate of s"ee! of the ullet "er unit of time'. "enetration C. mu==le last /. #elocity ). terminal energy ,9. (hat kin! of e"losi#e is a mi oygen with ammonium nitrate5 a #ery stale e"losi#e'. *&TN C. R)J /. TNT ). 'N&O
,7. (hat is the total failure of a cartri!ge to !ischarge calle!'. hangfire C. rim fire /. misfire ). centerfire ,>. (hat is that actual "attern or cur#e! "ath tra#ele! y a ullet in flight'. "ressure generate! C. "enetration /. tra6ectory ). #elocity ,A. (hich of the following test is use! to !etermine whether a "erson fire! a gun'. luminescence C. !equinois $e#ine /. takayama ). "araffin ,;8. (hich toolmark is "ro!uce! y a single a""lication of sai! tool in an area of contact'. in!ention C. com"ression /. friction ). im"ression ,;,. The term '. /. C. ).
mu==le #elocity refers most accurately to the: acceleration of the "ro6ectile in flight a#erage s"ee! of the ullet in flight rate of e"ansion of the groo#es in the mu==le s"ee! at which the ullet lea#es the re#ol#er
,;0. S"iral groo#es in the ore !esigne! to gi#e a s"in to the "ro6ectile for greater accuracy an! carrying "ower is calle! as what'. rifling C. calier /. gauge ). ore ,;3. Cannelure are #aluale in firearm i!entification ecause they hel" the e"ert !etermine the: '. i!entify the wea"on that fire! a "articular ullet /. ty"e of gun that fire! a "articular ullet C. manufacturer of the wea"on ). manufacturer of the ullet ,;. It is a metallic unit "ro"elle! or "ro6ecte! from the arrel of a gun. '. cartri!ge case C. "ro"ellant /. shell ). "ellets or ullets ,;;. ' homici!e was committe! y a shotgun. 'll "arts of the e"lo!e! shell ha#e een reco#ere! y the in#estigator of the crime. In or!er to i!entify the shell with the gun that fire!5 the laoratory shoul! e gi#en: '. the ca"5 the wa!s an! the "ellets /. the ca" an! the wa!s C. the ca" an! the "ellets ). the ca"
