Biofeedback em terapia cognitivo-comportamental

MPXAOG HI PI\ASÃG Mp} Bih Fgsz Lmc Caiec Bih Smexm Cmsm Sãg Zmykg 0:=:4 99&3!>=0?"30

@agliih`mcd ib xipmzam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk

.

@agliih`mcd ae cgoeaxa|i"`ifm|agp xfipmzq Mpbmehg Pa`iapg hms Ei|is Eixg = Pisybg

Aexpghyïãg

G xipbg `agliih`mcd &`agppixpgmkabiexmïãg! lga cyefmhg zgp @mp`mpm @pgwe+ ib =1<1+ hypmexi m cpamïãg hm @agliih`mcd Pisimpcf Sgcaixq egs IYM &Opiie+ Sfikkie`ipoip+ 0::=!% Xpmxm"si hi yb cmbzg oieyaembiexi bykxahas" cazkaemp+ pisykxmhg hi zis}yasms ems ípims báhacm+ zsacgkóoacm+ ieoiefmpam `agbáhacm+ xigpam oipmk hgs sasxibms+ ca`ipeáxacm+ iexpi gyxpgs% Mxymkbiexi g `ag" liih`mcd á ibzpiomhg ib halipiexis ípims+ xmas cgbg> ihycmïãg+ zsacgxipmzam+ bihacaem cgbzgpxmbi cgbzgpxmbiexmk+ exmk+ Hiscpaxgpis>  Bihacaem hg cgbzgpxmbiexg+ @agppixpgmka" bihacaem zsacgssgbíxacm+ zsacgkgoam fgszaxmkmp+ biexmïãg zsacgkóoacm Xipmzam cgoeaxa|m+ Xipmzam cgbzgp" zsacgkgoam hg iszgpxi+ pim`akaxmïãg eiypgzsacgkóoa" cm+ pim`akaxmïãg eiypgbyscykmp+ ngogs ikixpøeacgs i xmbiexmk+ Zsacgxipmzam+ Isxpissi zsacgkóoacg eiypgbmpdixaeo &Opiie+ Sfikkie`ipoip+ 0::=4 Ei|is Eixg+ 0:: ‛yb opyz opyzgg hi zpgcih zpgcihabie abiexgs xgs m xfipmziyxac pisgypci cgbzkibiex xg zsqcfgxfipmzq &Cgo" xipmzîyxacgs }yi yxaka~mb aesxpybiexgs ikixpøeacgs eaxa|i"@ifm|agpmk Xfipmzq!% @agliih`mcd bmq gllip biexmk gy ikixpgbicàeacgs zmpm ybm biesypmïãg hihaoem+ fimkxf zpglissagemks m eiw xfipmziyxac xggk+ ege"ae|msa|i+ zpgcissmhm+ i pixpgmkabiexmhm+ zmpm gs zmcaiexis i ege"hpyo+ wfacf fms xfi zgxiexamk xg ivzmeh degwkihoi gl  siys xipmziyxms cgb aelgpbmïãg zsacgihycmcagemk i xfi aexiplmci `ghq meh baeh+ bmdaeo zsqcfgxfipmzq m bgpi cgb zpgzpaihmhis hi pilgpïmbiexg sg`pi m mxa|ahmhi g`nicxa|i meh ivzmehaeo xfi fybme zgxiexamk lgp cgexpgk gl  myxgeøbacm i eiypgbyscykmp+ egpbmk i'gy megpbmk+ em lgpbm memkóoacm gy haoaxmk+ sgegpm i'gy |asymk+  zsqcfgsgbmxac cgbzkmaexs% g`xahm zgp biag hi yb cgbzixiexi zpgssagemk hi  `agliih`mcd+ cgb g`nixa|g hi myvakamp gs zmcaiexis m  Diqwgphs> @ifm|agpmk bihacaei4 @agliih`mcd+ Zsqcfgkgoq4 Cgoeaxa|i xfipmzq4 @ifm|agp xfipmzq+ Zsqcfgxfipmzq4 Sxpiss+ hisie|gk|ipib hisie|gk|ipi b cgescaîecam+ cgemeïm i yb mybiexg  zsqcfgkgoacmk eg cgexpgki |gkyexípag hgs siys zpgcissgs sagkóoacgs+ }yi isxãg egpbmkbiexi lgpm hm cgescaîecam gy cgb  `mavg cgexpgki |gkyexípag+ siehg zpabiapmbiexi zpabiapmbiexi cge" =% Zsacókgog Ckaeacg% Syzip|asgp Ckâeacg hm Yea|ipsahmhi hi Sãg xpgkmhg zgp saemas ivxipegs+ i iexãg zgp biag hi cgoea" Zmykg% Aesxaxyxg hi Zsa}yamxpam hg Fgszaxmk hms Ckâeacms hm Lmcyk" ïùis+ siesmïùis+ gy gyxpgs biags zmpm zpi|ieap+ zmpmp hmhi hi Bihacaem " Mb`ykmxópag hi Mesaihmhi hg Aesxaxyxg hi Zsa" gy pihy~ap saexgbms%‒ &Scfwmpx~+ Mehpmsad+ 0::3!% }yamxpam &MB@ME"AZ]"FCLBYSZ! i hm Yea|ipsahmhi Lihipmk hi M îelmsi hisxm hieaïãg si `msiam ems xigpams hm Sãg Zmykg &YEALISZ! – Hizmpxmbiexg hi Zsacg`agkgoam Xpm`mkfg mzpisiexmhg em A\ Ngpemhm Ngpe mhm hi Zsacgkgoam – ‛Biexi i Cgp" mzpieha~moib &iv% pilgpïmbiexg zgsaxa|g+ cgehacag"  zg> Ybm Hacgxgb Hacgxgbam am Syzipmhm7 Syzipmhm7‒‒ zpgbg|ah zpgbg|ahmm zikg Sixgp hi Zsacgkgo Zsacgkgoam am embiexg gzipmexi+ bghikmoib i ixc%! i hg bghikg hg Ciexpg hi Mxieïãg Aexiopmhm ê Smþhi &CMASB! &C MASB! hm Apbmehmhi hm cgoeaxa|g bihamcagemk% Zmpm Hg`sge &0:: Yea|ipsahmhi hi Sãg Zmykg% Aesxaxyxg hi Cgbzgpxmbiexmk &XCC! sãg> &m! m cgoeaïãg mlixm g Zsa}yamxpam hg Fgszaxmk hms Ckâeacms hm Lmcykhmhi hi Bihacaem " cgbzgpxmbiexg+ &`! m cgoeaïãg zghi sip bgeaxgpmhm  Mb`ykmxópag hi Mesaihmhi hg Aesxaxyxg hi Zsa}yamxpam &MB@ME" i mkxipmhm i &c! m byhmeïm cgbzgpxmbiexmk hisinmhm AZ]"FCLBYSZ! zghi sip ilixymhm zgp biag hm byhmeïm cgoeaxa|m% M Iehipiïg zmpm cgppiszgehîecam> Mpbmehg Pa`iapg hms Ei|is yxaka~mïãg hg `agliih`mcd cgbg picypsg myvakamp em Eixg% Ihalâcag Bmefmxxme Glci Ci exip% Pym \ipoyiapg+ \ipoyiapg+ 6?9+ 6¾ mehmp+ Smkm 6= – Zmpmâsg " CIZ> :=9:8"::= " Sãg Zmykg " SZ " @pmsak XCC+ mzismp hi bghisxm+ |ib siehg hascyxahm zgp G g`nixa|g hisxi mpxaog á hiscpi|ip m yxaka~mïãg hg `agliih`mcd cgbg yb picypsg xipmzîyxacg cgbzkibiexmp ê zsacgxipmzam &Xipmzam &X ipmzam Cgoeaxa|g"Cgbzgpxmbiexmk!% Cgoeaxa|g"Cgbzgpxmbiex mk!% G `agliih`mcd zghipí glipicip mgs zpgssagemas hm smþhi biexmk ybm eg|m lippm" biexm xipmzîyxacm+ eãg"ae|msa|m+ eãg bihacmbiexgsm+ }yi xib g zgxiecamk hi mbzkamp g cgeficabiexg sg`pi m aexiplmci cgpzg i biexi+ xgpemehg m zsacgxipmzam ybm aexip|ieïãg bmas g`nixa|m i mbzkamehg g zgxiecamk fybmeg zmpm g cge" xpgki hms }yiavms zsacgssgbíxacms%

  +

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=0?

Ei|is Eixg MP% @agliih`mcd ib xipmzam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk% Mp} Bih Fgsz Lmc Caiec Bih Smexm Cmsm Sãg Zmykg% 0:=:4 99&3!> =0?"30%

isxyhagsgs hg cmbzg hm Bihacaem Cgbzgpxmbiexmk gy Zsacgkgoam hm Smþhi cgbg ybm isxpmxáoam cgb emkahmhis> &m! piisxpyxypmïãg cgoeaxa|m+ &`! xpiaeg hi fm`akahmhis hi ielpiexmbiexg i &c! xpiaeg hi pisgkyïãg hi zpg`kibms &Bakkip+ =1694 Qmxis+ =16:4 Msxae ix mk+ 0::34 Ei|is Eixg+ 0::8+ 0:: bihaxmïãg i qgom &Mecfgp ix mk+ =1604 @iesge+ Sxympx+ =113!+ zgas mb`gs gs sasxibms `yscmb cgby" biexi m myxgpioykmïãg hgs zpgcissgs zsacglâsacgs &fgbigsxmsi! i g hisie|gk|abiexg hm myxgcgescaîecam% Á zpicasg smkaiexmp gs zmzáas hm myxg"pioykmïãg zsacgsagkóoacm i hg mybiexg hm cgescaîecam hgs zpg" cissgs cgpzg"biexi+ g`nixa|gs emas hg xpiaembiexg zgp biag hg `agliih`mcd+ g`nixgs hi isxyhg hm eiy" pgcaîecam cgoeaxa|m &iv% zkmsxacahmhi cipi`pmk!+ zgp sip yb báxghg isxpaxmbiexi ihycmcagemk i `msimhg ems xigpams hm mzpieha~moib i hgs zpgcissgs cgoeaxa|gs &Kibopy`ip+ 0::34 Ei|is Eixg+ 0::=4 Cpaxcfkiq ix mk+ 0::=4 _acdpmbmsidipm ix mk+ =11 isxyhgs sg`pi m ikixpacahmhi i sym mïãg sagkóoacm hi Kyaoa Omk|mea &=?31!+ zis}yasms sg`pi m pisasxîecam omk|àeacm hm ziki ib meisxisam fasxápacm hi Pgbmae \aogpgyv &=6?1!+ isxyhgs sg`pi g piivg zsacgomk|àeacg hi \ipmoyxf i Xmpcfmegll &=661!+ i emkbiexi gs isxyhgs ivzipa" biexmas sg`pi g xisxi hi mssgcamïãg hi zmkm|pms i m pisasxîecam omk|àeacm hm ziki pimka~mhgs zgp Cmpk O%  Nyeo &=1::!% Á lyehmbiexmk hisxmcmp g zmzik hg zsacókgog ivzipabiexmk egpxi"mbipacmeg Eimk Bakkip &=1<1! hm Yea|ipsahmhi Pgcdilikkip+ }yi zy`kacgy em pi|asxm Scaieci syms hiscg`ipxms sg`pi ‛Kimpeaeo gl |ascipmk meh

 okmehykmp piszgesis‒ + xmb`áb cgeficahg cgbg ‛cgeha"

cagembiexg gzipmexi |ascipmk‒+ gy sinm+ hibgesxpgy aei}ya|gcmhmbiexi }yi mxá piszgsxms hg sasxibm eip" |gsg myxøegbg+ cgbg g yvg smeoyâeig+ zghamb sip mzpiehahms+ bihamexi pilgpïmbiexg% Ms hiscg`ipxms hi Bakkip lgpeicipmb ms `msis caiexâcms zmpm m ivzmesãg hg `agliih`mcd em zpíxacm ckâeacm% M zmpxap hms zis}yasms hi Eimk Bakkip &=1<14 =161!+ fí yb mbzkg hisie|gk|abiexg eg cmbzg hm zsacgsagkgoam mzkacmhm i `agliih`mcd+ siehg mkoyes> pim`akaxmïãg eiypgbyscykmp hi @msbmname4 isxmhgs bihaxmxa|gs i eiypgliih`mcd hi N% Dmbaqm4 ]yapd i O% \ge Faksfiabip g`sip|mpmb yb zmhpãg hi mxa|a" hmhi ikixpghápbacm ib zmcaiexis is}ya~glpîeacgs4 gs isxyhgs hi @% Sxipbme cgb zakgxgs hi m|aùis hi oyippm hieamb m lpi}ûîecam cipi`pmk siesópag"bgxgpm &SBP!+ i m mzkacmïãg hissm hiscg`ipxm xib lgpeicahg eg|gs cmbaefgs zmpm g xpmxmbiexg hm izakizsam+ xpmesxgpegs hg sgeg+ pihyïãg hi saexgbms hg xpmesxgpeg hi hácax hi mxieïãg i fazipmxa|ahmhi &XHMF!4 P% Zieeasxge xib mzkacmhg ms hiscg`ipxms hi Dmbaqm i hi gyxpgs zmpm lgpxmkicip m bgxa|mïãg cgbzgpxmbiexmk eg xpmxmbie" xg hi hiziehîecams }yâbacms4 @% @pycdip xib ysmhg g saemk hg ikixpgbagopmbm &IBO! zmpm picyzipmp m lyeïãg ib bib`pgs zmpmkasmhgs hi zissgms cgb kisùis hg sasxibm eip|gsg4 N% Zippq hisie|gk|iy yb ikixpghg iszicâcg zmpm m biesypmïãg hm mxa|ahmhi ikixpgbagopícm hgs bþscykgs hg mssgmkfg zák|acg eg xpiaembiexg hi aecgexaeîecam ypaeípam i licmk &Opiie+ Sfikkie`ipoip+ 0::=!% Cgb g pízahg cpiscabiexg hg cmbzg hi isxyhg i mzkacmïãg hgs picypsgs `msimhgs eg `agliih`mcd+ syp" oapmb mssgcamïùis aexipemcagemas zmpm m scmka~mïãg hm zpíxacm i aeciexa|g hi eg|ms hiscg`ipxms+ hisxmcmehg" si> @agliih`mcd Cipxacmxage Aesxaxyxi gl Mbipacm &@CAM!+

 Mssgcamxage lgp Mzzkaih Zsqcfgzfqsagkgoq meh @agliih`mcd &MMZ@!+ @agliih`mcd Lgyehmxage gl Iypgzi &@LI! i Aexip" emxagemk Sgcaixq lgp Eiypgliih`mcd meh Pisimpcf &ASEP!%

Eg @pmsak+ maehm zgycg ha|ykomhg+ m yxaka~mïãg hg  `agliih`mcd ib Xipmzam Cgoeaxa|g"Cgbzgpxmbiexmk |ib siehg hascyxahm egs cgeopissgs hm Mssgcamïãg @pmsakiapm hi Zsacgxipmzam i Bihacaem Cgbzgpxmbiexmk &M@ZBC!+ hm Lihipmïãg @pmsakiapm hi Xipmzams Cgoea" xa|ms &L@XC! i hg Cgeopissg @pmsakiapg hi Zsacgkgoam> Caîecam i Zpgssãg &Ei|is Eixg+ 0:: |mkgpis eybápacgs &iv% xibzipmxypm hm ziki ib opmys Ciksays!+ opícgs &iv% opícg ib kaefms cgb |mkgpis hi lpi}yîecam cmphâmcm ib `mxabiexgs zgp baeyxg!+ abmoies i sges &iv% hisiefgs+ lgxgs+ |âhigs+ sges i bþsacms }yi aexipmoib cgb ms |mpamïùis hg xøeys

=06

Ei|is Eixg MP% @agliih`mcd ib xipmzam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk% Mp} Bih Fgsz Lmc Caiec Bih Smexm Cmsm Sãg Zmykg% 0:=:4 99&3!> =0?"30%

byscykmp!+ siehg mxymkbiexi zgssâ|ik cgexpgkmp gyxpgs i}yazmbiexgs &iv% gehms cipi`pmas mkxipmehg cmemas hi X\+ gy bisbg g bgysi hg cgbzyxmhgp!% Gs zpaecazmas siesgpis i syms mzkacmïùis sãg> ¿ Ikixpgbagopmm hi syziplâcai – hixicïãg hm mxa|a" hmhi byscykmp &b|gkxs!+ cgb mzkacmïùis eg xpiaeg hi pikmvmbiexg byscykmp i hm cgescaîecam cgpzg" pmk+ mkáb hm pim`akaxmïãg eiypgbyscykmp+ xpiaeg hg mssgmkfg zák|acg i ixc% ¿ Xibzipmxypm – hixicïãg hm xibzipmxypm zipalápacm hm ziki &Ciksays gy Lmfpiefiax!+ cgb mzkacmïùis eg xpiaeg hi pikmvmbiexg myxóoieg i fazegsi ckâeacm% ¿ Mxa|ahmhi ikixpghápbacm – hixicïãg hi byhmeïms em cgehyxàecam ikáxpacm hm ziki &saibies! gy pi" sasxîecam omk|àeacm &gfb!+ yxaka~mhg zmpm m|mkamp mkxipmïùis zsacglâsacms zpg|ieaiexis hi isxmhgs ibgcagemas &iv% pma|m+ bihg i ixc%!+ mbzkmbiexi yxaka~mhg eg xpiaembiexg ib hissiesa`aka~mïãg sasxibíxacm+ ivzgsaïãg opmhymk i'gy aexipgcizxa|m% ¿ Piszapmïãg – bgeaxgpmbiexg hm lpi}yîecam pis" zapmxópam+ mbzkaxyhi i mp}yaxixypm hm piszapmïãg+ yxaka~mhg zmpm bgeaxgpmbiexg hg xpiaeg hi pisza" pmïãg hamlpmobíxacm i'gy zpglyehm% ¿ Ikixpgcmphagopmbm gy lgxgzkisxabóopmlg – hi" xicïãg hm lpi}yîecam cmphâmcm &`zb!+ hg zyksg smeoyâeig i hgs zmhpùis hm |mpam`akahmhi hg paxbg cmphâmcg &FP\!+ yxaka~mhg zmpm xpiaeg hi pi" kmvmbiexg+ hi piszapmïãg hamlpmobíxacm+ ivzgsaïãg aexipgcizxa|m i ixc% ¿ Ikixpgiecilmkgopmbm – zmpm hixicxmp ms gehms cipi`pmas &F~!+ |ib siehg sasxibmxacmbiexi yxa" ka~mhg zmpm g xpiaembiexg ib cmsgs hi xpmesxgpeg hi hácax hi mxieïãg i fazipmxa|ahmhi &XHMF!+ hizpissãg i xpiaembiexg hi ziplgpbmecis cgo" eaxa|ms iszicâcms & zimd ziplgpbmeci!+ xmas cgbg> cpamxa|ahmhi+ bihaxmïãg+ iexpi gyxpgs% G `agliih`mcd hi ikixpgiecilmkgopmbm &IIO! á byaxms |i~is xpmxmhg cgbg yb cmbzg m zmpxi+ zgp sym iszicacahmhi i cgbzkivahmhi+ siehg hiegba" emhg zgp> eiypgliih`mcd i'gy eiypgxipmzam% Ivasxib gyxpgs siesgpis cgb mzkacmïùis bmas iszicâcms i'gy ib hisie|gk|abiexg+ xmas cgbg> fibgiecilmkgopmbm &FIO!+ ogeaøbixpg+ siesgp hi lgpïm i zpissãg i ixc%  Nmcg`sge &=136! cpamhgp hg ‛pikmvmbiexg byscykmp zpgopissa|g‒ lga zageiapg em yxaka~mïãg hi zmpàbixpgs zsacglâsacgs &iv% xøeys byscykmp mxpm|ás hm ikixpgbag" opmm hi syziplâcai! hypmexi g xpiaeg hg pikmvmbiexg byscykmp% _gkzi &=196! hisxmcgy"si zikm yxaka~mïãg cgb"  `aemhm hi xipmzam cgbzgpxmbiexmk &iv% hissiesa`a" ka~mïãg sasxibíxacm! i bgeaxgpmbiexg hm mxa|ahmhi ikixpghápbacm &iv% pisasxîecam omk|àeacm hm ziki! zmpm m cgesxpyïãg hm faipmp}yam hi i|iexgs m|ipsa|gs% Zmpm _gkzi m mxa|ahmhi ikixpghápbacm xgpem|m m faipmp}yam

bmas g`nixa|m+ zgas si `msim|m xmb`áb ems pimïùis eiypg|ioixmxa|ms i eãg mziems em cgbyeacmïãg |ip`mk hg aeha|âhyg+ zgpxmexg m hissiesa`aka~mïãg sasxibíxacm hi lg`ams iszicâcms zghipam sip bmas icm~ i sioypm% Xggbab+ Xggbab &=1?9! yxaka~mpmb g `agliih`mcd cgbg yb picypsg iszicamk mg xipmziyxm+ zgas mxpm|ás hi bihahms hm mxa|ahmhi ikixpghápbacm ikis bgeaxgpm" |mb cgexaeymbiexi siys zmcaiexis+ hypmexi m sissãg+ zmpm cgppikmcagemp pimïùis eiypg|ioixmxa|ms i isxmhgs ibgcagemas% _acdpmbmsidipm ix mk &=11 &m! picypsg zsacgihycmcagemk sg`pi gs saemas zsacgsagkóoacgs piki|mexis ês }yiavms mzpisiexmhms zikgs zmcaiexis+ &`! zgxiecamka~mïãg hg xpiaembiexg hi fm`akahmhis hi pikmvmbiexg i hi pisza" pmïãg hamlpmobíxacm zipsgemka~mhgs mgs zmcaiexis+ &c! oipiecambiexg g`nixa|g hgs saemas zsacgsagkóoacgs hg isxpissi+ &h! piisxpyxypmïãg cgoeaxa|m oyamhm zgp saemas zsacgsagkóoacgs+ &i! XCC mssgcamhm mg `agliih`mcd zmpm bghacmïãg hi zmhpùis hi ziesmbiexgs mssgcamhgs m bmeyxieïãg hi }yiavms lâsacms &iv% sgbmxa~mïùis!+ &l! bgeaxgpmbiexg zsacgsagkóoacg hypmexi m sissãg hi zsacgxipmzam |ip`mk+ yxaka~mehg ms pimïùis hg sasxibm eip|gsg myxøegbg zmpm ahiexacmïãg hi ibgïùis ab" zkâcaxms &eãg"ivzpissms gy sy`kabaempis!+ &o! xpmxmbiexg hgs xpmesxgpegs sgbmxglgpbis i'gy haslyeïùis zsacg" sagkóoacms &zsacgssgbíxacms!+ iexpi gyxpgs% Eg @pmsak+ hisxmcmb"si g ibziefg hi zsacókgogs em yxaka~mïãg i hassibaemïãg hm xipmzam zgp `agliih`m" cd+ xmas cgbg> yxaka~mïãg hg `agliih`mcd xápbacg zmpm xpmxmbiexg hm baopàeim cpøeacm eg Aesxaxyxg Ciexpmk hg Fgszaxmk hms Ckâeacms hm Lmcykhmhi hi Bihacaem hm Yea|ipsahmhi hi Sãg Zmykg &Zipassaegxxa+ 0::?!+ mkáb hg zageiapasbg em hascyssãg sg`pi m zpíxacm hg `aglii" h`mcd ib XCC hi Hgeeip &=11?4 0::=! i Pi~iehi Eixg &=11?! hypmexi gs iecgexpgs hm Mssgcamïãg @pmsakiapm hi Zsacgxipmzam i Bihacaem Cgbzgpxmbiexmk+ i hg iesaeg hi `agliih`mcd eg cypsg hi Mzpabgpmbiexg ib XCC ib Smþhi Biexmk hg Mb`ykmxópag hi Mesaihmhi hg Fgszaxmk hms Ckâeacms hm Lmcykhmhi hi Bihacaem hm YSZ zgp Ei|is Eixg &0::
=01

Ei|is Eixg MP% @agliih`mcd ib xipmzam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk% Mp} Bih Fgsz Lmc Caiec Bih Smexm Cmsm Sãg Zmykg% 0:=:4 99&3!> =0?"30%

ïãg% Eg @pmsak+ maehm eãg fí hmhgs gcamas+ gy bisbg yb picgeficabiexg hisxm zpíxacm zikgs sasxibms hi smþhi+ iszicacmbiexi sym mzkacmïãg ib smþhi biexmk & Hi Sabgea ix mk+ 0::6!% Gs ysgs bmas cgbyes hiscpaxgs em kaxipmxypm caie" xâcm i bmeymas xáceacgs sãg> haslyeïãg hm mpxacykmïãg xibzgpgbmeha`ykmp &H"MXB!+ hgieïm hi Pmqemyh+ fazipxiesãg issiecamk+ xpmesxgpeg hi hácax hi mxie" ïãg i fazipmxa|ahmhi &XHMF!+ izakizsam+ piihycmïãg eiypgbyscykmp+ ziplgbmeci ib mpxasxms+ zsacgkgoam hg iszgpxi+ aecgexaeîecam ypaeípam+ hgieïms hg mssgmkfg zák|acg+ sâehpgbi hg aexisxaeg appaxí|ik &SAA!+ cilmkáam aelmexak+ ham`ixis+ ~yb`ahg i `pgbamkoam &Bgss+ Dapd+ 0::84 Simwmph+ 0::84 Ei|is Eixg+ 0::3`4 Scfwmpx~+ Me" hpmsad+ 0::34 Mehpimssa+ 0:::!+ i mpxaogs iszicamas sg`pi g ibzpiog hg `agliih`mcd> hgieïms cmphag|mscykmpis &Dpmeax~+ Kifpip+ 0::8!+ aecgexaeîecam ypaeípam &@ypoag ix mk+ 0::0! i xpmesxgpegs sgbmxglgpbis &Emedi+ Pail+ 0::8!% Mxymkbiexi mssgcamïùis aexipemcagemas ae|isxib em zis}yasm hms i|ahîecams caiexâcms hm yxaka~mïãg hg `agliih`mcd eg cmbzg hm smþhi% Hi mcgphg cgb yb pikmxópag zpgbg|ahg zikm  Mssgcamxage lgp Mzzkaih Zsqcfgzfqsagkgoq meh @agliih`mcd &Qycfm+ Oak`ipx+ 0::8! egs IYM+ ivasxib i|ahîecams hm icícam i sioypmeïm hm xipmzam cgb `agliih`mcd ib halipiexis cgehaïùis hi smþhi+ saexixa~mhms eg }ymhpg =% Mzismp hgs islgpïgs zmpm m cgesxpyïãg hi ybm zpí" xacm hi `agliih`mcd `msimhm ib i|ahîecams caiexâcms+ BcOpmhq &0::8! hascyxi sg`pi gs zpg`kibms bixghg" kóoacgs zpisiexis egs ha|ipsgs isxyhgs pimka~mhgs zmpm m|mkamïãg hm icícam hg `agliih`mcd%

Ivasxib `ieilâcags hm mssgcamïãg hg `agliih`mcd em XCC7 Maehm sãg eicissípags isxyhgs caiexâcgs iszicâcgs }yi mzgexib zmpm m pikmïãg cysxg"`ieilâcag i sioypmeïm hisxm cgb`aemïãg% M XCC |ib siehg paogpgsmbiexi sy`bixahm m isxyhgs }yi cgbzpg|mb sym icícam i sioypmeïm zmpm byaxgs }ymhpgs ckâeacgs &@yxkip ix mk+ 0::<4 Cfmb`kiss+ Gkkiehacd+ 0::=!+ i mxymkbiexi si picgeficib }ymhpgs ckâeacgs hi halâcak bmeing zmpm gs zpgopmbms cge|iecagemas &@icd+ 0::?!+ xmk|i~ hm bisbm lgpbm }yi m|meïmb gs isxyhgs sg`pi m mssgcamïãg hi XCC i zsacglípbmcgs &_paofx+ 0:=:!+ zghib sip hisie|gk|ahgs isxyhgs sg`pi g `agliih`mcd% Mkoybms hms `mppiapms m yxaka~mïãg hg `agliih`mcd ib XCC sãg> &m! cysxg hgs i}yazmbiexgs+ siesgpis i syzpa" biexgs+ &`! lmkxm hi cypsgs i xpiaembiexgs iszicâcgs hi lgpbmïãg ib `agliih`mcd+ &c! mcissg ms zis}yasms i zis}yasmhgpis }yi ní yxaka~mb g `agliih`mcd+ &h! his" cgeficabiexg hgs zpgssagemas hi smþhi biexmk i'gy XCC i &i! mssáhag hms ibzpisms i'gy cgbipcamexis hgs i}yazmbiexgs &Ei|is Eixg+ 0::
]ymhpg = I|ahîecams caiexâcms sg`pi m yxaka~mïãg hg `agliih`mcd em zpíxacm ckâeacm%

Eâ|ik hi I|ahîecams Caiexâcms

Cgehaïùis ckâeacms

Icm~ i iszicâcg &9º eâ|ik!

Aecgexaeîecam ypaeípam ib bykfipis%

Icm~ &8º eâ|ik!

Mesaihmhi+ xpmesxgpeg hi hácax hi mxieïãg i fazipmxa|ahmhi &XHMF!+ cilmkáam ib mhykxgs+ fazipxiesãg mpxipamk+ haslyeïãg hm mpxacykmïãg xibzgpgbmeha`ykmp &H"MXB!+ aecgexaeîecam ypaeípam ib fgbies%

Zpg|m|ikbiexi icm~ &3º eâ|ik! Zgssa|ikbiexi icm~ &0º eâ|ik!

Sib syzgpxi ibzâpacg &=º eâ|ik!

Mkcggkasbg' m`ysg hi sy`sxàecams+ mpxpaxi piybmxóahi+ hgp cpøeacm+ izakizsam+ xpmesxgpeg hi ikabaemïãg+ cilmkáam ib cpameïms+ aesøeam+ xpmybm cipi`pmk+ |isxa`ykaxi |yk|mp% Msbm+ càecip i FA\ &iliaxg sg`pi m lyeïãg abyei!+ zmpmkasam cipi`pmk+ hgieïm zykbgemp g`sxpyxa|m cpøeacm &HZGC!+ hizpissãg+ ham`ixis bikkaxys+ `pgbamkoam+ þkcipms hi zpissãg egs zás+ hasxgeam hms bãgs+ sâehpgbi hg aexisxaeg appaxí|ik &SAA!+ ienøg hi bg|abiexg &caeixgsi!+ aelmpxg hg bagcíphag+ xpmesxgpeg hg isxpissi zós"xpmybíxacg &XIZX!+ hgieïm hi Pmqemyh+ kisãg zgp islgpïg pizixaxa|g &KIP!+ mcahiexi |mscykmp cipi`pmk+ ~yb`ahg+ aecgexaeîecam ypaeípam ib cpameïms% Myxasbg+ xpmesxgpeg mkabiexmp+ isckipgsi bþkxazkm+ kisãg hm bihykm iszaefmk%

&Mhmzxmhg hi Qycfm+ Oak`ipx+ 0::84 Bgss+ Dapd+ 0::84 Bgss+ 0::9!%

=3:

Ei|is Eixg MP% @agliih`mcd ib xipmzam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk% Mp} Bih Fgsz Lmc Caiec Bih Smexm Cmsm Sãg Zmykg% 0:=:4 99&3!> =0?"30%

sãg ivxpibmbiexi sioypgs+ zgas cgesasxib ib zpgci" habiexgs eãg"ae|msa|gs+ i gs siesgpis cgkixmb saemas |axmas emxypmkbiexi zpisiexis em syziplâcai cgpzgpmk+ mkáb hgs i}yazmbiexgs sipib ckmssacmhgs cgbg i}yazmbiexgs zmpm xpiaembiexg ib `agliih`mcd+ gy sinm+ eãg sãg cgesahipmhgs i}yazmbiexgs cgb emka" hmhis hi hamoeósxacg báhacg% Ib yb isxyhg sg`pi m pikmïãg cysxg"`ieilâcag hm yxaka~mïãg hg `agliih`mcd ib cyahmhgs zpabípags zmpm hgieïms zsacgssgbíxacms i'gy sgbmxa~mïùis &iv% sâehpgbi hg aexisxaeg appaxí|ik+ `pgbamkoam+ sâe" hpgbi hm lmhaom cpøeacm+ hgp baglmscamk+ mesaihmhi cgb saexgbms sgbíxacgs i hgp xgpícacm eãg"cmphâmcm!+ g`sip|gy"si ybm pihyïãg hi YS( ?0 zmpm g opyzg }yi pici`iy aexip|ieïãg zmhpãg mssgcamhm mg `agliih`m" cd+ ib pikmïãg ê pihyïãg hi YS( 1 eg opyzg cgexpgki &sgbiexi xpmxmbiexg zmhpãg!+ ib yb lgkkgw"yz hi sias bisis &Pqme+ Oi|apx~+ 0::84 Fipbme ix mk+ 0::9!% Cgeckysãg

M zmpxap hi xpm`mkfgs zageiapgs &iv% Omk|mea+ Nyeo+  Nmcg`sge+ Scfykx~+ iexpi gyxpgs! }yi smkaiexmpmb m pikmïãg iexpi isxmhgs cgoeaxa|gs+ mlixa|gs+ cgbzgpxm" biexmas i mkxipmïùis hg sasxibm eip|gsg myxøegbg+ mkáb hg `pakfmexasbg hg zsacókgog Eimk Bakkip }yi m|mkagy m zgssa`akahmhi hm bghacmïãg hms pimïùis myxgeøbacms mxpm|ás hm mzpieha~moib &cgehacagem" biexg gzipmexi |ascipmk!+ m`pay"si yb eg|g cmbzg hi isxyhg hms pikmïùis cgpzg"biexi hiegbaemhg zgp zsacgsagkgoam% G m|meïg egs isxyhgs ivzipabie" xmas }yi yxaka~mb g liih`mcd hgs saemas |axmas zmpm m bghacmïãg cgescaiexi i aexiecagemk hi isxmhgs hg gpomeasbg+ zipbaxay m ivzmesãg zmpm m cpamïãg hg }yi si hiegbaegy zgp Bihacaem Cgbzgpxmbiexmk% Mxymkbiexi+ g `agliih`mcd xgpem"si lgcg hi isxyhgs i mzkacmïùis xipmzîyxacms+ }yi `pi|ibiexi zghipãg sip aecgpzgpmhms mgs picypsgs xipmzîyxacgs ní yxaka~mhgs zikm XCC% Piipîecams @a`kagopílcms Mecfgp DE+ @icd SI+ Sai|idaeo E+ Mhdaes N% Fasxgpq gl ckaeacmk  `agliih`mcd% Mb N Ckae @agliih`mcd =1604 9>3"=<% Mehpimssa NK% Zsqcfgzfqsagkgoq> fybme `ifm|agp , zfqsagkgoacmk piszgesi% Fakkshmki+ EN%> Kmwpieci Ipk`myb Mssgcamxis+ 0:::% Msxae NM+ Sfmzapg SK+ Iasie`ipo HB+ Lgpqs DK% Baeh"`ghq biha" caei> sxmxi gl xfi scaieci+ abzkacmxages lgp zpmcxaci% N Mb @gmph Lmb Zpmcx% 0::34 <>=3="8?% @mpkgw HF+ Hypmeh \B% Zsacgzmxgkgoam> ybm m`gphmoib aexiopmhm% Sãg Zmykg> Cieomoi Kimpeaeo4 0::6% @mpeis ZB+ Zgwikk"Opaeip I+ BcLmee D+ Emfae PK% Cgbzkibiexmpq meh mkxipemxa|i bihacaei ysi mbgeo mhykxs> Yeaxih Sxmxis+ 0::0% Mh| Hmxm% 0::84 &383!>="=1% @icd N% Xipmzam cgoeaxa|m zmpm hismgs ckâeacgs> g }yi lm~ip }ymehg g `ísacg eãg lyecagem% Zgpxg Mkiopi> Mpxbih4 0::?% @iesge F+ Sxympx IB% Xfi wikkeiss `ggd% Xfi cgbzpifiesa|i oyahi xg bmaexmaeaeo fimkxf meh xpimxaeo sxpiss"pikmxih akkeiss% Eiw Qgpd>

Sabge , Scfysxip4 =113% @ypoag DK+ Ogghi GS+ Kgcfip NK+ Ybkmyl BO+ Pgxf HK+ Pacfxip FI+ ix mk% @ifm|agpmk xpmaeaeo waxf meh waxfgyx `agliih`mcd ae xpimxbiex gl ypoi aecgexaeieci ae gkhip wgbie% NMBM% 0::04 066>0013"1% @yxkip MC+ Cfmzbme NI+ Lgpbme IB+ @icd MX% Xfi ibzapacmk sxmxys gl cgoeaxa|i"`ifm|agpmk xfipmzq> m pi|aiw gl bixm"memkqsis% Ckae Zsqcfgk Pi|% 0::<4 0<>=?"3=% Cfmb`kiss HK+ Gkkiehacd XF% Ibzapacmkkq syzzgpxih zsqcfgkgoa" cmk aexip|iexages> cgexpg|ipsais meh i|ahieci% Meey Pi| Zsqcfgk% 0::=4 90><69"?=<% Cpaxcfkiq FH+ Bikbih PE+ Limxfipsxgei I+ Bmxfams CN+ Hgkme PN% @pmae mcxa|axq hypaeo `agliih`mcd pikmvmxage% @pmae% 0::=4 =08>=::3" =0% Hg`sge DS% Bmeymk hi xipmzams cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmas% Zgpxg Mkiopi> Mpxbih4 0::<% Hgeeip AG% Eiypgliih`mcd em pim`akaxmïãg cgoeaxa|m zós"xpmybm" xasbg cpmeagiecilíkacg% Ae> ^mbaoemea HP% Sg`pi cgbzgpxmbiexg i cgoeaïãg% Sãg Zmykg> Mp`qxis4 =11?% z%099"<=% Hgeeip AG% @agliih`mcd% Ae> Pmeoá @% Zsacgxipmzams cgoeaxa|g" cgbzgpxmbiexmas> yb haíkgog cgb m zsa}yamxpam% Zgpxg Mkiopi> Mpxbih4 0::=% Opiie NM+ Sfikkie`ipoip P% M xipmzam zikg `agliih`mcd% Ae> Ngems _@+ Ki|ae NS% Xpmxmhg hi bihacaem cgbzkibiexmp i mkxipemxa|m% Sãg Zmykg> Bmegki4 0::=% z% 80:"3?% Fipbme ZB+ Cpmao @B+ Cmsza G% As cgbzkibiexmpq meh mkxipemxa|i bihacaei &CMB! cgsx"illicxa|i7 m sqsxibmxac pi|aiw% @BC Cgbzki" biex Mkxipe Bih% 0::94 9>==%  Nmcg`sge I% Zpgopissa|i pikmvmxage% Cfacmog> Yea|ipsaxq gl Cfacmog Zpiss4 =136% Dpmeax~ K+ Kifpip Z% @agliih`mcd mzzkacmxages ae xpimxbiex gl cmp" hag|mscykmp hasimsis% Cmphagk Pi|% =0>=??"6:+ 0::8% Kibopy`ip \% Zsacgxipmzam i eiypgcaîecam> eg|gs fgpa~gexis% Mp} @pms Zsa}yamxp Eiypgk Bih Kiomk% 0::34 1?>03"30% BcOpmhq M% M cgbbiexmpq ge ‛zpg`kibs aefipiex ae mssissaeo  `agliih`mcd ilcmcq sxyhais‒% Mzzk Zsqcfgzfqsagk @agliih`mcd 0::84 0?>==="0% Bakkip EI% Kimpeaeo gl |ascipmk meh okmehykmp piszgesis% Scaieci% =1<14 =<3>838"89% Bakkip EI% @agliih`mcd% Zsqcfgk Xghmq% =1694 =1>98"?% Bakkip EI% _fmx `agliih`mcd hgis &meh hgis egx hg!% Zsqcfgk Xghmq% =1614 03>00"8% Bgss H+ Dapd K% Lgpiwgph> i|ahieci"`msih zpmcxaci ae `agliih`mcd meh eiypgliih`mcd% Tge kaeiR_fimx Pahoi+ CG> Mssgcamxage lgp Mzzkaih Zsqcfgzfqsagkgoq meh @agliih`mcd4 0::8% M|makm`ki lpgb> fxxz>''www%mmz`%gpo'xkWkis'MMZ@'kis'Qycfm"Oak`ipxWI|a" hieci@msih0::8%zhl T0::6 Li| 0?R Bgss H% Zsqcfgzfqsagkgoacmk zsqcfgxfipmzq> xfi ysi gl `agliih"  `mcd+ `agkgoacmk bgeaxgpaeo+ meh sxpiss bmemoibiex zpaecazkis ae zsqcfgxfipmzq% Zsqcfgzfqsagkgoq Xghmq%Tsipamk gekaeiR 0::94 0>=8"6% M|makm`ki lpgb> fxxz>''www%`li%gpo'biixaeo'assyi0"emk"kaedih% zhl T0::6 Myo =0R Emedi M+ Pail _% @agliih`mcd ae sgbmxglgpb hasgphips meh pikmxih sqehpgbis% Cypp Gzae Zsqcfamxpq 0::84 =?>=33"6% Ei|is Eixg MP% Zsacgxipmzam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk> zgssa`aka" hmhis ib ckâeacm i smþhi% Smexg Mehpá> ISIXIC4 0::=% Ei|is Eixg MP% Xipmzam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk i haslyeïùis zsacgsagkóoacms% Ae> @pmehãg B^S+ Cgexi LCS+ @pmehãg LS+ Aeo`ipo" bme Q+ Bgypm C@+ ix mk &gpos!% Sg`pi cgbzgpxmbiexg i cgoeaïãg% Smexg Mehpá> ISIXIC4 0::3m% z% ?<"6<% &|%=0> Ckâeacm+ Zis}yasm i Mzkacmïãg!% Ei|is Eixg MP% Zsacgxipmzam `msimhm ib i|ahîecams i meíkasi cpâxacm hm kaxipmxypm% Ae> @pmehãg B^S+ Cgexi LCS+ @pmehãg LS+ Aeo`ipobme Q+ Bgypm C@+ ix mk+ &gpos%!% Sg`pi cgbzgpxmbiexg i cgoeaïãg% Smexg Mehpá> ISIXIC4 0::3`% z% =?"30+ 0::3`% &|%=0> Ckâeacm+ Zis}yasm i Mzkacmïãg!% Ei|is Eixg MP% Bihacaem cgbzgpxmbiexmk% Ae> @pmehãg B^S+

=3=

Ei|is Eixg MP% @agliih`mcd ib xipmzam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk% Mp} Bih Fgsz Lmc Caiec Bih Smexm Cmsm Sãg Zmykg% 0:=:4 99&3!> =0?"30%

Cgexi LCS+ @pmehãg LS+ Aeo`ipobme Q+ Bgypm C@+ ix mk+ gpos% Sg`pi cgbzgpxmbiexg i cgoeaïãg% Smexg Mehpá> ISIXIC4 0::8% z% =?1"61% &|%=8> Isxiehiehg m Zsacgkgoam Cgbzgpxmbiexmk i Cgoeaxa|m mgs Cgexivxgs hm Smþhi+ hms Gpomea~mïùis+ hms Pikmïùis Zmas i Lakfgs i hms Iscgkms!% Ei|is Eixg MP% Sabzósag Caîecam i Zpgssãg> Cmbzg hi mzkacmïãg hg `ag'eiypgliih`mcd em pim`akaxmïãg zsacgkóoacm+ zsacgxipmzam i xpiaembiexg hi ziplgpbmecis iszicâcms% Ae> 0¾ Cgeopissg @pmsakiapg hm Zsacgkgoam> Caîecam i Zpgssãg% Sãg Zmykg% :9 m :1 hi sixib`pg hi 0:: @ag'eiypgliih`mcd iszicacahmhi hm ípim hg zsacókgog> zgkâxacm hi hisipe|gk|abiexg hm zpgssãg% Ae> 0¾ Cgeopissg @pmsakiapg hm Zsacgkgoam> Caîecam i Zpgssãg% Sãg Zmykg% :9 m :1 hi sixib`pg hi 0::<`% Ei|is Eixg MP% Cypsg> @agliih`mcd – g cgpzg ib xipmzam% Ae> =?¾ Iecgexpg @pmsakiapg hi Zsacgxipmzam i Bihacaem Cgbzgpxmbiexmk% Cmbzaems% 06 m 3= hi mogsxg hi 0::6% Ei|is Eixg MP% Zmkisxpm> @agliih`mcd% Ae> 8¾ Ngpemhm hi Zsacgkgoam> ‛Biexi i Cgpzg> Ybm hacgxgbam syzipmhm7‒% 0::14 Sãg Zmykg> Si" xgp hi Zsacgkgoam hg Ciexpg hi Mxieïãg Aexiopmhm ê Smþhi Biexmk &CMASB! hm Apbmehmhi hm Smexm Cmsm hi Basipacópham hi Sãg Zmykg4 0::1% Zipassaegxxa HBE% Isxyhg sg`pi m ilixa|ahmhi hm xáceacm hi `agli" ih`mcd ib opyzg hi hgiexis cgb baopàeim cpøeacm% TXisi " Hgy" xgpmhgR% Sãg Zmykg> Lmcykhmhi hi Bihacaem hm Yea|ipsahmhi hi Sãg Zmykg4 0::?% Hi Sabgea C+ @iei|ahis A+ @mppgs EL% Ms zpíxacms aexiopmxa|ms i cgb" zkibiexmpis eg SYS> pimkahmhi i hismgs mzós hgas megs hi zy`kacm" ïãg hm ZE@AC% Pi| @pms Smþhi Lmb% 0::64 1> &Ihaïãg Iszicamk!>?:"<% Pi~iehi Eixg M% @agliih`mcd cgbg xáceacm mssgcamhm% Ae> ^mbaoemea HP% Sg`pi cgbzgpxmbiexg i cgoeaïãg% Sãg Zmykg> Mp`qxis4 =11?% z%

=30

09="8% &\gk% 3% M mzkacmïãg hm meíkasi hg cgbzgpxmbiexg i hm xipm" zam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk eg fgszaxmk oipmk i egs xpmesxgpegs zsa}yaíxpacgs!% Pqme B+ Oi|apx~ P% @agliih`mcd"`msih zsqcfgzfqsagkgoq xpimxbiex ae m zpabmpq cmpi sixxaeo> me aeaxamk limsa`akaxq sxyhq% Mzzk Zsqcfg" zfqsagk @agliih`mcd 0::84 01>?1"13% Scfwmpx~ BS+ Mehpmsad L% @agliih`mcd> m zpmcxaxageip‑s oyahi% 3ph ih% Eiw Qgpd> Xfi Oyaklgph Zpiss4 0::3% Simwmph @K% Bmemoaeo sxpiss> zpaecazkis meh sxpmxioais lgp fimkxf meh wikk"`iaeo% 8xf ih% Syh`ypq+ BM> Ngeis meh @mpxkixx4 0::8% Sxpmy` PG% Zsacgkgoam hm smþhi% Zgpxg Mkiopi> Mpxbih4 0::9% Xggbab BD+ Xggbab F% OSP @agliih`mcd ae zsqcfgxfipmzq> sgbi ckaeacmk mzzkacmxages% Zsqcfgxfip Xfigp Pis Zpmcx Xpmae% =1?94 =0> 33"6% _acdpmbmsidipm A+ Hm|ais XI+ Hm|ais SB% Mzzkaih Zsqcfgzfqsagk" goq> m `pahoi `ixwiie xfi `agbihacmk bghik meh xfi `agzsqcfgsgcamk bghik ae lmbakq bihacaei% Zpgl Zsqcfgk Pis Zpmcx% =11<4 0?>00="33% _gkzi N% Zsqcfgxfipmzq `q picazpgcmk aefa`axage% Sxmelgph+ CM> Sxmelgph Yea|ipsaxq Zpiss4 =196% _paofx NF% Aexiopmehg m xipmzam cgoeaxa|g"cgbzgpxmbiexmk i m lmpbmcgxipmzam% Ae> Kimfq PK% Xipmzam cgoeaxa|m cgexibzgpàeim> xigpam+ zis}yasm i zpíxacm% Zgpxg Mkiopi> Mpxbih4 0:=:% z% 3:9"09% Qmxis+ MN% @agliih`mcd meh xfi Bghacmxage gl @ifm|agp% Zkieyb Zpiss+ Eiw Qgpd+ =16:% Qycfm C+ Oak`ipx C% I|ahieci"`msih zpmcxaci ae `agliih`mcd meh eiypgliih`mcd% _fimx Pahoi+ CG> Mssgcamxage gl Mzzkaih Zsqcfg" zfqsagkgoq meh @agliih`mcd4 0::8% Xpm`mkfg pici`ahg>=?':<'0::1 Xpm`mkfg mzpg|mhg> 08':6'0:=: