Baritua v Mercader
[G.R. No. 136048. January 23, 2001] JOSE BARITUA and JB INE, !"#$#$on"r%, &%. NI'(A NI'(A )I*INA 'ER+A)ER 'ER+A)ER $n "r -a!a-$#y and a% uard$an o/ )ARIN, GIO*ANNI, RO)E and )ENNIS, a %urna"d 'ER+A)ER EONI)A *da. d" 'ER+A)ER on "r "a/ and on "a/ o/ "r $nor -$d 'AR5 JO5 'ER+A)ER SIRE5 'ER+A)ER )EA +RU7 'ARIA TERESA 'ER+A)ERGAR+IA )ANIO 'ER+A)ER JOSE )ANTE )ANTE 'ER+A)ER 'ER+A)ER and JOSE(INA JOSE(INA 'ER+A)ER, 'ER+A)ER, r"%!ond"n#%. r"%!ond"n#%. FACTS9
'"r-ad"r $% a u%$n"%%an "na"d $n #" uy and %" o/ dry ood%. " uy% ood% /ro 'an$a and r$n% #" #o Nor#"rn Saar. On 'ar- 16, 1:83, '"r-ad"r oard"d u% No. 142 a# !"#$#$on"r%; 'an$a %#a#$on<#"r$na, ound /or Nor#"rn Saar a% a !ay$n !a%%"n"r. A# #a# #$", '"r-ad"r ad =$# $ a% $% aa", a%%or#"d ood%. On 'ar- 1>, 1:83 a# B"$y Br$d", Nor#"rn Saar, =$" '"r-ad"r =a% on oard #" u%, #" %a$d u% /" $n#o #" r$&"r. '"r-ad"r d$"d a% a r"%u# o/ #" $n-$d"n#. T" a--$d"n# a!!"n"d "-au%" #" dr$&"r n"$"n#y and r"-?"%%y o!"ra#"d #" u% a# a /a%# %!""d $n =an#on d$%r"ard o/ #ra@- ru"% and r"ua#$on% and #" !r"&a$$n -ond$#$on% #"n "$%#$n #a# -au%"d #" u% #o /a $n#o #" r$&"r. R"%!ond"n#% #"n "d a -a%" aa$n%# !"#$#$on"r%. In $#% an%="r an%="r,, !"#$#$ !"#$#$on" on"r% r% d"n$"d d"n$"d a #" a" a"a#$ a#$on% on% $n #" -o!a -o!a$n# $n# and a" a""d "d #" /oo=$n9 #a# '"r-ad"r d$d no# oard #" u% a% a !ay$n !a%%"n"r. T"r" $% "&"n no %#a#""n# $n #" -o!a$n# #a# '"r-ad"r =a% $%%u"d any !a%%"n"r/r"$# #$-?"#. C"#$#$on"r a%o a""d #a# $# do"% no# a&" any 'an$a %#a#$on %$n-" =a# " a% $% a Ca%ay +$#y %#a#$on. Bar$#ua a%o a&"rr"d #a# " ad no !r$or ?no="d" #a# #" Ba$"y Br$d" =a% $n &$r#ua d$a!$da#"d and dan"rou% dan"rou% -ond$#$on D$n a %#a#" o/ d"-ay and d$%r"!a$r, d$%r"!a$r, and #a# o-a o&"rn"n# o@-$a% /a$"d #o -o%" #" r$d" #o !u$- u%". RT+ ru"d $n /a&or /a&or o/ r"%!ond r"%!ond"n#% "n#%.. +A %u%#a$n" %u%#a$n"d d #" )"-$%$on )"-$%$on o/ #" RT+. T+. E-"!# E-"!# /or #" od$-a#$on o/ #" o%% o/ "arn$n%, $# a@r"d a #" on"#ary daa"% ran#"d y #" #r$a #r$a -our# -our# #o r"%!ond" r"%!ond"n#%. n#%. T" d"-r"#a d"-r"#a !or#$on !or#$on o/ #" a%%a$"d a%%a$"d RT+ RT+ )"-$%$on )"-$%$on r"ad% r"ad% a% /oo=%9 FERE( FERE(ORE ORE,, on !r"!ond" !r"!ond"ranran-" " o/ "&$d"n-" "&$d"n-",, ud"n# ud"n# $% /or ["r"$n ["r"$n r"%!ond" r"%!ond"n#%] n#%] and aa$n%# ["r"$n !"#$#$on"r%], ord"r$n #" a##"r #o !ay #" /or"r9 Da A% -o!"n%a#ory daa"% /or #" d"a# o/ )o$nador '"r-ad"r CH0,000.00 D (or #" o%% o/ "arn$n% o/ #" a#" )o$nador '"r-ad"r C1,660,000.00, or" or "%%, a%"d on #" a&"ra" $/" %!an o/ >H y"ar% /ro #" #$" o/ $% d"a# =o "arn"d a n"# $n-o" o/ CH,000.00 on#y ou# o/ $% u%$n"%% D- A-#ua daa"% o/ C30,000.00 r"-"$!#"d !ur-a%"% o/ ood% $n 'an$a CH,>H0.00 /or #" r%# r%# -a%% -a%% -o@n -o@n and a 1Hda 1Hday y =a?" =a?" %"r&$-"% %"r&$-"% "&$d"n-" "&$d"n-"d d y a r"-"$ r"-"$!# !# ar? ar?"d "d E. E. ); ); [C]8H0.00 [C]8H0.00 /or #" H0 60 "ad%#on", "ad%#on", r"-"$! r"-"$!## ar?"d ar?"d E. E; and C1,H:0.00 C1,H:0.00 )""d o/ A%ou#" Sa" o/ a ur$a o#, ar?"d E. (; Dd 2H o/ =a#"&"r aoun# $% -o"-#"d y [r"%!ond"n#%] [r"%!ond"n#%] /ro [!"#$#$on"r%] u# no "%% #an CH0,000.00 !u% C1,000.00 !"r "ar$n y =ay o/ a##orn"y;% /""% D" A% ora daa"% CH0,000.00 D/ A% ""!ary daa"% C30,000.00 and D To !ay #" -o%#%.K
ISSUE9
HELD9
Bo# #" RT+ and #" +A /ound #a# a -on#ra-# o/ -arr$a" "$%#"d "#=""n !"#$#$on"r% and )o$nador '"r-ad"r ="n " oard"d Bu% No. 142 $n Ca%ay +$#y on 'ar- 16, 1:83. C"#$#$on"r% /a$"d #o #ran%!or# $ #o $% d"%#$na#$on, "-au%" #" u% /" $n#o a r$&"r =$" #ra&"r%$n #" Bu?o Ba$"y Br$d". A#ou " %ur&$&"d #" /a, " a#"r d$"d o/ a%!y$a %"-ondary #o dro=n$n. " ar"" =$# #" nd$n% o/ o# -our#% #a# !"#$#$on"r% /a$"d #o o%"r&" "#raord$nary d$$"n-" #a# /a#"/u orn$n. I# u%# " no#"d #a# a -oon -arr$"r, y #" na#ur" o/ $#% u%$n"%% and /or r"a%on% o/ !u$- !o$-y, $% ound #o -arry !a%%"n"r% %a/"y a% /ar a% uan -ar" and /or"%$# -an !ro&$d". I# $% %u!!o%"d #o do %o y u%$n #" u#o%# d$$"n-" o/ &"ry -au#$ou% !"r%on%, =$# du" r"ard /or a #" -$r-u%#an-"%. In -a%" o/ d"a# or $nur$"% #o !a%%"n"r%, $# $% !r"%u"d #o a&" ""n a# /au# or #o a&" a-#"d n"$"n#y, un"%% $# !ro&"% #a# $# o%"r&"d "#raord$nary d$$"n-" a% !r"%-r$"d $n Ar#$-"% 1>33 and 1>HH o/ #" +$&$ +od". " %u%#a$n #" ru$n o/ #" +A #a# !"#$#$on"r% /a$"d #o !ro&" #a# #"y ad o%"r&"d "#raord$nary d$$"n-". ($r%#, !"#$#$on"r% d$d no# !r"%"n# "&$d"n-" on #" %?$ or "!"r#$%" o/ #" dr$&"r o/ Bu% No. 142 or #" -ond$#$on o/ #a# &"$-" a# #" #$" o/ #" $n-$d"n#. S"-ond, #" u% =a% o&"road"d a# #" #$". In /a-#, %"&"ra $nd$&$dua% ="r" %#and$n ="n #" $n-$d"n# o--urr"d. T$rd, #" u% =a% o&"r%!""d$n. I#% -ondu-#or #"%#$"d #a# $# ad o&"r#a?"n %"&"ra u%"% "/or" $# r"a-"d #" Bu?o Ba$"y Br$d". 'or"o&"r, !r$or #o -ro%%$n #" r$d", $# ad a--""ra#"d and a$n#a$n"d $#% %!""d #o=ard% #" r$d". " #"r"/or" "$"&" #a# #"r" $% no r"a%on #o o&"r#urn #" a%%a$"d +A )"-$%$on, =$- a@r"d #a# o/ #" RT+. I# $% a ="%"##"d ru" #a# #" #r$a -our#;% /a-#ua nd$n%, ="n a@r"d y #" a!!"a#" -our#, ar" -on-u%$&" and $nd$n, $/ #"y ar" no# #a$n#"d =$# ar$#rar$n"%% or o&"r%$# o/ %o" /a-# or -$r-u%#an-" o/ %$n$-an-" and $nLu"n-". A% -"ary d$%-u%%"d ao&", !"#$#$on"r% a&" no# !r"%"n#"d %u@-$"n# round #o =arran# a d"&$a#$on /ro #$% ru". ($nay, =" -anno# /au# #" a!!"a#" -our# $n $#% -o!u#a#$on o/ #" daa"% and o%# "arn$n%, %$n-" $# "M"-#$&"y -o!u#"d ony n"# "arn$n% $n a--ordan-" =$# "$%#$n ur$%!rud"n-".
