Frngeased Ca Emeed
NQCMSD_MN D_MN ONUANCN ONUANCN AJ _MUEDU NYBMENCN N UMUSAJNU CA LAUSÅD
Jnrìd/?9>3
Jnrìd ca ?9>3
QJ GDVD CAUNFMD YN_N DU NQCMSD_AU MGSA_GDU CA UMUSAJNU CA LAUSÅD
Nucmtdrmn Onsancn aj _mseds Npbmencn n Umstajns ca Laståd (A nbmghncn és gdvns MUD =99>;?9>1, MUD >399>;?9>1, MUD 31999;?9>6, ate.)
pdr Frngeased Ca Emeed > D fded cd trnonbhd cds nucmtdras mgtargds ca smstajns ca laståd pdca jucnr edgsmcarnvabjagta edj n puobmenìåd cns gdvns gdrjns MUD =99>;?9> =99>;?9>1, 1, MUD >399>;?9>1 a MUD 3199>;?9>6, agtra dutrns. Ydr enusn cds gdvds gdv ds raqumsmtds cassns gdrjns a pdr rnzñas ca eustd a afmeîemn, asparn-sa qua sakn cncn aspaemnb ëgfnsa é Nucmtdrmn Onsancn aj _mseds (NO_). Nucmtdrmn Onsancn Onsancn aj _mseds í uj tarjd onstngta utmbmzncd gd jugcd tdcd, jns nmgcn jumtd jnb edjpraagcmcd. Asta pnpar taj pdr dokatmvd nprasagtnr n nodrcnlaj cd ^UY
pnrn n NO_ Npbmencn n Umstajns ca Laståd, oaj edjd vmsn fdrgaear cmratrmzas oîsmens o îsmens sdora edjd nodrcî-bn a edbdeî-bn aj prîtmen. Asta trnonbhd fdm mgspmrncd gd Jngunb ‒Edjd mjpbajagtnr n Nucmtdrmn Onsancn aj _mseds gns drlngmznìñas drlngmznìñas;; ujn nodrcnlaj mgdvncdrn‚, bngìncd aj ?99< pabd ^UY.
Edgtaxtd Edgfdrja d Ngaxd UB cns gdvns Cmratmvns MUD, MUD, tdcns ns gdrjns MUD ca smstajns ca laståd, puobmencns n pnrtmr ca ?9>?, cavaråd trnzar n salumgta cafmgmìåd ca Nucmtdrmn; "Yrdeassd smstajîtmed, mgcapagcagta a cdeujagtncd, pnrn dotar avmcëgemn ca nucmtdrmn a nvnbmî-bn dokatmvnjagta, dokatmvnjagta, pnrn catarjmgnr n axtagsåd gn qunb ds ermtírmds ca nucmtdrmn såd ntagcmcds. GDSN > Qjn nucmtdrmn pdca sar ujn nucmtdrmn mgtargn (ca prmjamrn pnrta) du ujn nucmtdrmn axtargn (ca salugcn pnrta du ca tareamrn pnrta), a pdca sar ujn nucmtdrmn edjomgncn (edjomgnìåd (edjomgnìåd ca cuns du jnms cmsempbmgns).
Cmratdr axaeutmvd cd ^UY - Eagtrd cn ^unbmcnca, Ualurngìn a Yrdcutmvmcnca. A-jnmb; qspIqsp.drl.or qspIqsp.drl.or.. Sabafdga; (>>) 5<93-5?99. >
Edghaìn n _aca Mgtalrncn ^UY ca Mgfdrjnìñas. Mgfdrjnìñas .
N u c m t d r m n O n s a n c n a j _ m s e d s N p b m e n c n n U m s t a j n s c a L a s t å d
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GDSN ? N ‚avmcëgemn ca nu cmtdrmn" GO_ MUD >=9>>;?9>?. ‚
a ds "ermtírmds ca nucmtdrmn" såd cafmgmcds gn NOGS
Ydr sun vaz, n GO_ MUD >=9>>;?9>? - Cmratrmzas pnrn nucmtdrmn ca smstajns ca laståd mgtrdcuzmu d edgeamtd ca rmsed pnrn assns nucmtdrmns. D agfdqua ncdtncd sa rabnemdgn edj d rmsed cd prdeassd ca nucmtdrmn aj gåd g åd ntmglmr saus dokatmvds a edj d rmsed cn nucmtdrmn mgtarfarmr edj ds prdeassds a ntmvmcncas cn drlngmznìåd nucmtncn. N gdvn GO_ MUD >=9>> gåd fdrgaea cmratrmzas aspaeêfmens aspa eêfmens sdora d Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds cn drlngmznìåd (gaj sdora Nucmtdrmn Onsancn aj _mseds), jns raedghaea qua ns drlngmznìñas pdcaj fdenr d asfdrìd cn nucmtdrmn aj nssugtds ca mjpdrtïgemn pnrn d smstajn ca laståd. Axmstaj jumtds rmseds cmfaragtas nssdemncds nd astnoabaemjagtd, mjpbajagtnìåd, jdgmtdrnjagtd, ngîbmsa erêtmen a jabhdrmn ca uj prdlrnjn ca nucmtdrmn qua pdcaj nfatnr d nbengea cds saus dokatmvds. N GO_ MUD >=9>>;?9>? >=9>>;?9>? raedjagcn qua n passdn qua laragemn d prdlrnjn ca nucmtdrmn edgsmcara assas rmseds gd sau casagvdbvmjagtd. Snms rmseds pdcaj astnr rabnemdgncds n; - pbngaknjagtd pbngaknjagtd (pdr axajpbd, fnbhn aj astnoabaear ds dokatmvds partmgagtas cn nucmtdrmn a catarjmgnr n nornglëgemn cd prdlrnjn ca nucmtdrmn)0 - raeursds (pdr axajpbd, tajpd mgsufmemagta pnrn casagvdbvar d prdlrnjn ca nucmtdrmn du pnrn ranbmznr n nucmtdrmn)0 - sabaìåd cn aqumpa ca nucmtdrmn (pdr axajpbd, n aqumpa gåd taj n edjpatëgemn edbatmvn pnrn ranbmznr nucmtdrmns ca fdrjn afmenz)0 - mjpbajagtnìåd (pdr axajpbd, edjugmenìåd mgafmenz cd prdlrnjn ca nucmtdrmn)0 - ralmstrds a saus edgtrdbas (pdr axajpbd, fnbhn aj prdtalar ca fdrjn ncaquncn ds ralmstrds ca nucmtdrmn pnrn cajdgstrnr n afmeîemn cd prdlrnjn ca nucmtdrmn)0 - jdgmtdrnjagtd, ngîbmsa erêtmen a jabhdrmn cd prdlrnjn ca nucmtdrmn (pdr axajpbd, jdgmtdrnjagtd mgafmenz cds rasubtncds cd prdlrnjn ca nucmtdrmn). Gn futurn MUD =99>;?9>1 - Umstajns ca laståd cn qunbmcnca - _aqumsmtds, pdr axajpbd, d edgeamtd ca rmsed gd edgtaxtd cn gdvn gdrjn mrî sa rafarmr é mgeartazn cn drlngmznìåd aj nbengìnr ds salumgtas dokatmvds; - prdpdremdgnr edgfmngìn gn sun enpnemcnca ca fdrgaear edgsmstagtajagta nds ebmagtas oags a sarvmìds edgfdrjas0 - nujagtnr n sntmsfnìåd cds ebmagtas.
N u c m t d r m n O n s a n c n a j _ m s e d s N p b m e n c n n U m s t a j n s c a L a s t å d
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Ds nucmtdras mgtargds pdcaj mjpbajagtnr m jpbajagtnr ujn nodrcnlaj onsancn aj rmseds edjpntêvab edj n nodrcnlaj ncdtncn pdr suns drlngmznìñas. Hî jumtds agfdquas qua pdcaj sar utmbmzncds, capagcagcd ca qungtd n nucmtdrmn mgtargn í enpnz ca sa npdmnr gd Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds? cn drlngmznìåd. Mssd pdssmombmtn nd nucmtdr avmtnr n cupbmenìåd cds prdeassds kî ranbmzncds pabn drlngmznìåd a quastmdgnr ds prdeassds a ns edgebusñas cn cmraìåd/larëgemn sdora ds rmseds qua pdcaj nfatnr (pdsmtmvn du galntmvnjagta) ds dokatmvds cd smstajn ca laståd. Ydca sar qua ds nucmtdras mgtargds cmlnj qua sajpra edgeagtrnrnj saus asfdrìds gns îrans a tajns ca jnmdras rmseds pnrn d smstajn ca laståd a pnrn n drlngmznìåd. Edgtucd, n axparmëgemn jdstrn qua assn nodrcnlaj taj smcd cmraemdgncn pabn Nvnbmnìåd ca _mseds afatuncn pabn prõprmn aqumpa ca nucmtdrmn. N prmgempnb cmfaragìn í qua d fded cn NO_ í agtagcar a ngnbmsnr n Nvnbmnìåd ca _mseds ranbmzncn pabn cmraìåd/larëgemn a onsanr ds asfdrìds ca nucmtdrmn aj tdrgd cassn nvnbmnìåd.
Ds dokatmvds cn NO_ - Nucmtdrmn Onsancn aj _mseds _mseds mgcapagcagta pnrn n cmraìåd/larëgemn D prmgempnb dokatmvd cn NO_ í fdrgaear lnrngtmn mgcapagcagta cn drlngmznìåd ca qua;
D Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds rabnemdgncd nds smstajns ca laståd (cn ^unbmcnca, Njomagtnb, cn Ualurngìn a Unûca gd Srnonbhd, ate.) astî dparngcd edgfdrja d pbngakncd0 D trntnjagtd qua n cmraìåd/larëgemn taj cncd nds rmseds í ncaquncd a afmenz aj tdrgnr ds gêvams ca rmsed neamtîvams du tdbarîvams pnrn n drlngmznìåd0 Axmsta ujn astruturn sõbmcn ca edgtrdbas pnrn jdcmfmenr sufmemagtajagta ds rmseds qua n cmraìåd/larëgemn casakn trntnr.
N NO_ edjaìn edj ds dokatmvds cd galõemd, pnssngcd pabds dokatmvds cn ^unbmcnca, Njomagtnms, ate., a sa edgeagtrn gds rmseds qua fdrnj mcagtmfmencds pabn cmraìåd/larëgemn a qua pdcaj nfatnr, pdsmtmvn du galntmvnjagta, n edgsaeuìåd cassas dokatmvds. D pnpab cn nucmtdrmn mgtargn í nvnbmnr ntí qua pdgtd ujn nodrcnlaj pbngakncn a rdoustn ca Laståd ca _mseds í ncdtncn a npbmencn aj tdcn n drlngmznìåd pabn cmraìåd/larëgemn, pnrn tdrgnr ds gêvams ca rmsed neamtîvams du tdbarîvams (edgfdrja ds Ermtírmds ca _msed cn drlngmznìåd). N nodrcnlaj cd ^UY pnrn n Nucmtdrmn Onsancn aj _mseds Npbmencn n Umstajns ca Laståd astî casermtn ca fdrjn asquajîtmen gn pîlmgn n salumr. ?
D tarjd _msed, gn gdrjn GO_ MUD 5>999;?99=, í cafmgmcd edjd ‒Afamtd cn mgeartazn gds dokatmvds ‚. Ydrtngtd, ds dokatmvds nornglmcds pabn Laståd ca _mseds mgebuaj tngtd ds dokatmvds astrntílmeds edjd ds dokatmvds aspaeêfmeds ca ujn drlngmznìåd (pdr axajpbd; ds dokatmvds cn ^unbmcnca, Njomagtnms, ca _aspdgsnombmcnca Udemnb, ca Edjpbmngea, ate.).
N u c m t d r m n O n s a n c n a j _ m s e d s N p b m e n c n n U m s t a j n s c a L a s t å d
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Nodrcnlaj cd ^UY pnrn n NO_ Npbmencn n Umstajns ca Laståd Dokatmvds cn ^unbmcnca, Njomagtnms, ca UUS, ate.
Mcagtmfmenìåd ca rmseds pnrn n edgsaeuìåd cds dokatmvds
rm ds c a _ ms ed cn drlngmznìåd4 ^unms såd ds Er mt í D Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds í ncaquncd a afmenz gn mcagtmfmenìåd, ngîbmsa, nvnbmnìåd, trntnjagtd a edjugmenìåd cds rmseds4 Gåd
Umj
Qtmbmza n vmsåd cn prõprmn drlngmznìåd aj rabnìåd nds rmseds, tngtd qungtd pdssêvab
Fnembmta n mcagtmfmenìåd ca rmseds kugtd é cmraìåd/larëgemn
Fnembmta n jabhdrmn
Catarjmga d Qgmvarsd ca _mseds
Catarjmga d asedpd a n prmdrmcnca cns tnrafns ca Nucmtdrmn
Edj onsa gds rmseds, sabaemdga ns îrans n saraj nucmtncns
Ynrn encn îran, ngnbmsa n ncaqunìåd cd Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds Ua astmvar qunsa tucd D@
Nvnbma d prdeassd a catarjmga edjd n cmraìåd/larëgemn dotíj lnrngtmns ca qua ns ntmvmcncas ca Laståd ca _mseds aståd sagcd ranbmzncns ranbmzncns edgfdrja edgfdrja d bnga ncd
Ua gåd astmvar D@
Fnembmta n mcagtmfmenìåd ca rmseds a n nvnbmnìåd ca; ¼ rmseds mgaragtas . edgtrdbas ¼ rmseds rasmcunms
Cë lnrngtmn dgca astmvar D@, du fnembmta n jabhdrmn dgca gåd astmvar
N u c m t d r m n O n s a n c n a j _ m s e d s N p b m e n c n n U m s t a j n s c a L a s t å d
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N prîtmen cn NO_ - Nucmtdrmn Onsancn aj _mseds Nspaetds larnms mjpdrtngtas n saraj edgsmcarncds;
D asedpd cn NO_ pdca p dca mgebumr rmseds astrntílmeds, rmseds cd galõemd a rmseds dparnemdgnms, mgebumgcd ds rabnemdgncds nds smstajns ca laståd cn drlngmznìåd. D pdgtd ca pnrtmcn í catarjmgnr sa n drlngmznìåd astnoabaeau dokatmvds nprdprmncds, a agtåd catarjmgnr sa n ajprasn taj du gåd uj prdeassd ncaquncd pnrn mcagtmfmenr, ngnbmsnr, nvnbmnr, trntnr a edjugmenr ds rmseds qua nfatnj, pdsmtmvn du galntmvnjagta, assas dokatmvds. Aj uj njomagta jncurd ca Laståd ca _mseds, d fded cn nucmtdrmn mgtargn pdca sar; d
d
d
Nucmtnr n astruturn pnrn laragemnr rmseds edjd, pdr axajpbd, raeursds, cdeujagtnìåd, jítdcds a rabntõrmds0 Nucmtnr d smstajn ca edgtrdbas ca tdcn n drlngmznìåd a ca encn îran, îran , cmvmsåd, capnrtnjagtd du prdeassd0 p rdeassd0 _anbmznr nucmtdrmns mgcmvmcunms qua vmsaj pracdjmgngtajagta d laragemnjagtd ca rmseds aspaeêfmeds. a spaeêfmeds. Ensd vîrmds rmseds saknj edgtrdbncds ntrnvís ca uj Umstajn Mgtalrncd ca Laståd du prdeassd edjuj, tnbvaz sakn nprdprmncd ranbmznr ujn nucmtdrmn edjomgncn cassa smstajn du prdeassd.
Aj njomagtas jagds jncurds ca Laståd ca _mseds, ensd ns nucmtdrmns mgcmvmcunms fdenbmzaj pracdjmgngtajagta tdcd uj smstajn, prdeassd du ugmcnca ca galõemd, n nucmtdrmn mgtargn cava ngnbmsnr ermtmenjagta ds dokatmvds astnoabaemcds a d Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds, cagtrd ca encn ujn cassns pnrtas nucmtîvams. Ua d Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds astmvar ncaquncd a agrnmzncd, n nucmtdrmn mgtargn, sajpra qua pdssêvab, cava sa npdmnr gn prõprmn vmsåd cn drlngmznìåd edj rabnìåd nds rmseds, n fmj ca catarjmgnr d trnonbhd ca nucmtdrmn qua abn gaeassmtn edgcuzmr. ^ungcd abn gåd pucar sa onsanr gd Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds, n nucmtdrmn mgtargn cava ranbmznr sun prõprmn Nvnbmnìåd ca _mseds ( aj edgkugtd edj n cmraìåd, larëgemn, ate., a prafaragemnbjagta prafaragemnbjagta utmbmzngcd utmbmzngcd edjd rafarëgemn rafarëgemn n gdrjn mgtargnemdgnb a ornsmbamrn GO_ MUD/MAE 5>9>9 - Laståd ca rmseds - Síegmens pnrn d prdeassd ca nvnbmnìåd nvnbmnìåd ca rmseds), pnrn catarjmgnr d gêvab praemsd cd trnonbhd
gaeassîrmd, a agtåd fdenbmznr n jngamrn edjd n cmraìåd/larëgemn cm raìåd/larëgemn sa nssalurn ca qua ns ntmvmcncas ca Laståd ca _mseds aståd sagcd prntmencns edgfdrja d pbngakncd.
D rasubtncd fmgnb ca encn nucmtdrmn mgcmvmcunb cava sar d ca nssalurnr qua ds rmseds aståd sagcd laragemncds cagtrd ca uj gêvab neamtîvab du tdbarîvab
N u c m t d r m n O n s a n c n a j _ m s e d s N p b m e n c n n U m s t a j n s c a L a s t å d
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(edgfdrja cafmgmcd gds Ermtírmds ca _msed cn drlngmznìåd), du fnembmtnr a/du cafmgmr jabhdrmns edgfdrja gaeassîrmd.
Yrdeassd edgtêgud ca ncjmgmstrnìåd cds rmseds Í õovmd, jns í mjpdrtngta agfntmznr, qua gaj tdcns ns drlngmznìñas aståd gd jasjd astîlmd ca mjpbajagtnìåd cn Laståd ca _mseds. D quncrd n salumr astnoabaea ds lrnus ca Jnturmcnca ca _mseds5 a n nodrcnlaj cn nucmtdrmn mgtargn qua pdca sar ncdtncn aj encn astîlmd.
Lrnu ca Jnturmcnca ca _mseds Mglëgud
Edgsemagta
Cafmgmcd
Enrnetarêstmens Nodrcnlaj cn Yrmgempnms Nucmtdrmn Mgtargn Gaghujn nodrcnlaj Yrdjdva n Laståd ca _mseds a fdrjnb casagvdbvmcn pnrn n sa onsamn gn Nvnbmnìåd ca Laståd ca _mseds. _mseds cn prõprmn nucmtdrmn. Yrdjdva n nodrcnlaj Nodrcnlaj pnrn n Laståd edrpdrntmvn cn Laståd ca ca _mseds cmsparsn aj _mseds a sa onsamn gn ‒smbds‚. Nvnbmnìåd ca _mseds ranbmzncn pabn prõprmn nucmtdrmn. Fnembmtn n Laståd ca _mseds/ Astrntílmn a pdbêtmens _abnemdgn-sa edj n Laståd ca mjpbajagtncns a _mseds, a usn n Nvnbmnìåd ca edjugmencns, Ermtírmds ca _mseds ranbmzncn pabn cmraìåd/ _msed cafmgmcds. larëgemn qungcd nprdprmncd.
Laragemncd
Nodrcnlaj edrpdrntmvn pnrn n Laståd ca _mseds, casagvdbvmcn a edjugmencn.
Hnombmtncd
Laståd ca _mseds a edgtrdbas mgtargds tdtnbjagta mgedrpdrncds és dparnìñas.
Nucmtn d Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds a utmbmzn n Nvnbmnìåd ca _mseds ranbmzncn pabn cmraìåd/larëgemn edgfdrja nprdprmncd. Nucmtn d Yrdeassd ca Laståd ca _mseds a utmbmzn n Nvnbmnìåd ca _mseds ranbmzncn pabn cmraìåd/larëgemn edgfdrja nprdprmncd.
Encn drlngmznìåd cava catarjmgnr edjd pratagca mjpbajagtnr/jabhdrnr n Laståd ca _mseds ( prafaragemnbjagta prafaragemnbjagta ncdtngcd edjd edjd rafarëgemn n gdrjn mgtargnemdgnb mgtargnemdgnb a ornsmbamrn ornsmbamrn GO_ MUD 5>999;?99= - Laståd ca rmseds - Yrmgeêpmds a cmratrmzas ). Mssd nkucnrî n catarjmgnr ds Ermtírmds ca _msed a d gêvab ca Jnturmcnca ca _mseds cn drlngmznìåd. Ydr axajpbd, gaj tdcns ns ajprasns casaknråd ca saknråd ntmglmr edjpbatnjagta d lrnu ca 5
Sarjd smjpbmfmencd qua utmbmznjds gd ^UY qungcd gds rafarmjds é Jnturmcnca cn Laståd Laståd ca _mseds ca ujn drlngmznìåd.
N u c m t d r m n O n s a n c n a j _ m s e d s N p b m e n c n n U m s t a j n s c a L a s t å d
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jnturmcnca Hnombmtncd, pdms tnbvaz taghnj qua pasnr ds eustds aj rabnìåd é vmsåd qua tëj cds oagafêemds pdtagemnms. Enoa é nbtn cmraìåd a é aqumpa ca laragtas catarjmgnraj ntí qua pdgtd cassa ca ssa prdeassd edgtêgud casaknråd ehalnr. Nbíj cn Jnturmcnca ca _mseds cn drlngmznìåd, n axtagsåd cn Nvnbmnìåd ca _mseds qua n prõprmn nucmtdrmn mgtargn mrî ranbmznr, sa fdr d ensd, tnjoíj capagca cd lrnu a cn vabdemcnca cns jucngìns astrntílmens a drlngmznemdgnms.
Edgebusåd N Nucmtdrmn Onsancn aj _mseds í ujn nodrcnlaj qua fdenbmzn ns quastñas qua ranbjagta mjpdrtnj pnrn n drlngmznìåd, aj qunbquar îran; Fmgngìns, ^unbmcnca, Jamd Njomagta, Ualurngìn a Unûca gd Srnonbhd, _aspdgsnombmcnca Udemnb, Edjpbmngea, ate. N NO_ fdrgaea lnrngtmns aj rabnìåd é astruturn pnrn laragemnr rmseds cn ajprasn, pdssmombmtngcd qua n nucmtdrmn mgtargn sa bmlua cmratnjagta n assn astruturn a, cassn fdrjn, pdtagemnbmza ns smgarlmns.
Enpnemta-sa gd ^UY (ebmqua gn fmlurn nemjn pnrn edghaear gdssd Eursd ca Enpnemtnìåd a Eartmfmenìåd aj Laståd ca _mseds - MUD 5>999)
N u c m t d r m n O n s a n c n a j _ m s e d s N p b m e n c n n U m s t a j n s c a L a s t å d
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