AS 4084—1993
. m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 7 e e r f a s i s i h T
Australian Standard® Steel storage racking
This Australian Australian Standard Standard was prepared prepared by Committee Committee BD/62, BD/62, Steel Storage Racking. Racking. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 28 September 1992 and published on 15 February 1993.
The following interests interests are represen represented ted on Committee Committee BD/62: BD/62: . m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 7 e e r f a s i s i h T
Association of Consulting Engineers Australia Australian Australian Institute Institute of Steel Construction Construction Departmen Departmentt of Occupation Occupational al Health, Health, Safety and Welfare, Welfare, W.A. W.A. Metal Metal Trades Industry Industry Association Association of Australia Queensland Queensland University of Technology University of Sydney WorkCover Authority, N.S.W.
Review of Austr alia n Standa rds. To keep abreast of progress progress in industry, Australian Australian Standards Standards are subject to periodic periodic review review and are are kept kept up t o date date by the issue of amendmen amendments ts or new editions as necessary necessary.. It is important important t herefore herefore t hat Standar Standards ds users users ensure ensure that they are in possession possession of the latest edition, and any amendments amendments thereto. Full Full details details of all Australian Australian Standard Standardss and related publications publications will be found in t he Standards Standards Australia Australia Catalogue Catalogue of Publications; Publications; t his information information is supplemen supplemented ted each month by the magazi magazine ne ‘The Australian Australian Standar Standard’, d’, which subscribing subscribing members members receive, receive, and which gives details details of new publications, publications, new editions editions and amendments, amendments, and of withdrawn Standards Standards.. Suggestions Suggestions for improvements t o Australian Australian Standards, Standards, addressed addressed to the head office of Standards Standards Australia, are welcomed. Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made without without delay in order order that the matter may be investigated investigated and appropr appropriate iate action taken. taken.
This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 90146.
AS 4084—1993
. m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 7 e e r f a s i s i h T
Australian Standard® Steel storage racking
First published as AS 4084—1993.
PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS STANDARDS AUSTRALIA (STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA) 1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140 ISBN 0 7262 7889 0
AS 4084—1993
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PREFACE This Standard Standard was prepared prepared by the the Standar Standards ds Austra Australia lia Committe Committeee on Steel S torag toragee Racki Racking ng in respons responsee to several several requests requests from the Australian Australian racking industry, industry, to improve uniformity of racking racking performance performance and enhance public safety. The The desig design n aspec aspectt of the the Stand Standard ard is bas based on permi permissi ssibl blee stres stresss metho method d and and is intend intended ed to supplem supplement ent AS 1250 and AS 1538. 1538. Referenc Referencee has been made t o the American Rack Manufac Manufacturers turers Institute Institute Specification Specification (RMI), (RMI), the British Storage Equipment Equipment Manufact Manufacturers urers Association Association (SEMA) and the Europea European n Racking Racking Code FEM 10.2.02. A Commentar Commentary y provides provides backgro background und material material to the requireme requirements nts of this S tandard. tandard. . m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 7 e e r f a s i s i h T
AS 4084—1993
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CONTENTS Page
SECTION SECTION 1 SCOPE AND AND GENERAL GENERAL 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6
SC OP OP E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 RE FE FE R EN EN CE CED DO DO CU CUMEN T S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 DE FI FI NI NIT I ON ON S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 NO TA TA T IO IO N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 USE OF OF ALTERN ALTERNATI ATIVE VE MATERI MATERIALS ALS OR METH METHODS ODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 GENER GENERA AL REQUIRE REQUIREMEN MENTS TS FOR FOR RACK RACKIN ING G INSTALLA INSTALLATIO TIONS NS . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
SECTION SECTION 2 LOADS
. m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 7 e e r f a s i s i h T
2. 1 2.2 2.3 2. 4 2.5
DE SI SI GN GN L OA OA DS DS . . . . . . . . . VERTIC ERTICAL AL IM IMPACT PACT LOA LOADS HORIZO ORIZONTA NTAL L LOAD LOADS . . . . WI ND ND L OA OA DS DS . . . . . . . . . . EARTHQ ARTHQUAK UAKE E LOAD LOADS . . .
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SECTION SECTION 3 DESIGN DESIGN PROCEDURES PROCEDURES 3.1 GE NE NE R AL AL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.2 3.2 METHOD ETHODS S OF STRUCTU STRUCTURA RAL L ANAL ANALYSIS YSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.3 OVERTU VERTURNI RNING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 SECTION 4 DESIGN OF COLD-FORMED STEEL ELEMENTS AND MEMBERS MEMBERS 4.1 EL EM EM EN ENT S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.2 ME MB MBE RS RS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.3 4.3 COMBIN OMBINED ED BEND BENDING ING AND COMPRE COMPRESSION SSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 SECTION SECTION 5 UPRIGHT UPRIGHT FRAME FRAME STABILITY STABILITY 5.1 EFFECT FFECTIVE LENGT LENGTH H FACTO FACTORS RS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.2 5.2 STABIL STABILITY ITY OF OF TRUSSE TRUSSED-B D-BRAC RACED ED UPRIGH UPRIGHT T FRAME FRAMES S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 SECTION 6 CONNECTIONS CONNECTIONS AND BEARING BEARING PLATES 6. 1 6.2 6. 3 6.4 6. 5
GE NE NE R AL AL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BEAM EAM SUPPO SUPPORT CONN CONNEC ECTI TION ONS S ...... .... BA SE SE P L AT AT ES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CONNEC ONNECTIO TIONS NS TO TO BUIL BUILDIN DINGS GS . . . . . . . . . . . UP RI RI GH GHT S PL PL IC IC E S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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SECTION 7 TOLERANCES AND CLEARANCES CLEARANCES 7.1 7.1 FINISH FINISHED ED TOLERA TOLERAN NCES IN UNLOA UNLOADED DED COND CONDITI ITION ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 7.2 UNIT NIT LOAD LOAD CLEAR CLEARANC ANCES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 SECTION SECTION 8 TEST METHO METHODS DS 8.1 IN TR TR OD ODU CT CTI ON ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 8.2 ST UB UB C OL OL UM UMN T ES ES TS TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 8.3 PALLET ALLET BEAM BEAM TESTS TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
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8.4 8.4 PALLET PALLET BEAM BEAM TO COL COLUMN UMN CONNEC CONNECTIO TION N TESTS TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 8.5 UPRIGH PRIGHT T FRAM FRAME TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 SECTION 9 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF ADJUSTABLE PALLET RACKING 9. 1 9. 2 9.3 9.4
GE NE NE R AL AL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IN SP SP E CT CT I ON ON S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DAMAG AMAGE E DUE DUE TO IMPA IMPACT CT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OUT-OF UT-OF-PL -PLUM UMB B OF RACKING ACKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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39 39 40 41
. m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 7 e e r f a s i s i h T
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AS 4084—1993
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STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard Steel storage racking S E C T I O N
1
S CO P E
A N D
G E N E R A L
tandard d sets out minimum minimum requireme requirements nts for the design design (in permissible permissible stress stress 1.1 1.1 SCOPE SCOPE This S tandar method), fabrication and erection tolerances, test methods, operation and maintenance. . m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 7 e e r f a s i s i h T
This Standard Standard applies applies to adjustable adjustable static pallet pallet racking racking made of cold-formed cold-formed or hot-rolled hot-rolled steel steel structu structura rall membe members. rs. It cove covers rs both both the situat situation ion where where racking racking is install installed ed within within a buildin building g and and where the racking forms part of the building frame. The Standard does not cover drive-in and drive-through racking, cantilever racking, mobile racking or racking made of materials other than steel. 1.2 REFERENCED REFERENCED DOCUME DOCUMENTS NTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard. AS 1170 1170 1170.2 .2
SAA Load oading ing Code ode Part 2: Wind loads loads
1250 1250
SAA Steel Steel Struct Structure uress Code Code
1538 1538
Cold-fo Cold-forme rmed d Steel Steel Structur Structures es Code Code
2121 2121
SAA Earth Earthqu quak akee Code Code
1.3 DEFINITIO DEFINITIONS NS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply. —storage rage system comprising comprising upright upright frames frames perpendicu perpendicular lar to the 1.3.1 1.3.1 Adjustable Adjustable pallet racki racking ng—sto aisles aisles and independ independently ently adjustable, adjustable, positive positive locking locking shelf shelf beams, beams, spanning spanning between t he f rames rames parallel to the aisles, and designed to support unit loads (see Figures 1(a) to 1(c)). acee along along which which the unit unit load load hand handlin ling g equip equipme ment nt opera operates tes (see (see Figure Figure 1.3. 1.3.2 2 Aisle width—sp width—spac 2(a)). —bearing g plate plate bolted bolted or welde welded d to the unde unders rside ide of the column column to transmi transmitt 1.3. 1.3.3 3 Base Base plate plate—bearin vertical vertical and horizontal horizontal forces forces into the floor, and provide provide structural structural fastening fastening of t he upright upright frame to the floor. 1.3. 1.3.4 4 Bay height height—ma —maxi ximum mum vertica verticall distanc distancee from the groun ground d to t he highes highestt point point of the unit unit load in a racking structure (see Figure 2(b)). 1.3. 1.3.5 5 Bay width—see width—see definition of shelf beam length (see Clause 1.3.24 and Figure 2(b)). 1.3.6 1.3.6 Ceiling cleara clearance nce—minimum —minimum vertical distance between the highest part of the upright frame or the highest highest part of the unit unit load on the top shelf shelf beam beam level and the undersi underside de of the ceiling or the support support steelwork steelwork for the ceiling ceiling (see (see F igure 2(b)). 2(b)).
COPYRIGHT
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AS 4084-1993, Steel storage racking . m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 7 e e r f a s i s i h T
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