ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
1.0 1.0 INTR INTROD ODUC UCTI TION ON
Spei!ia"i#n$ a%e n#" ne&' T(e) (a*e +een e$$en"ia, "# #n$"%-"i#n $ine pe#p,e !i%$" ,ea%ned "# +-i,d and -$e "##,$' T(e !i%$" $pei!ia"i#n$ &e%e #.p#$ed +e!#%e pe#p,e ,ea%ned "# &%i"e and &e%e/ +) nee$$i")/ gi*en orally. One #! "(e #,de$" %e#%ded i$ in "(e Bi+,e' In "(e +##0 #! Gene$i$/ C(ap"e% 1/ e%$e$ 4 "(%#-g( 1/ G#d $aid "# N#a(: 5Ma0e )#-%$e,! an a%0 #! g#p(e%&##d/ p-" *a%i#-$ #.pa%".en"$ in i"/ and #*e% i" in$ide and -" &i"( pi"(' T(i$ i$ (#& )#- $(a,, +-i,d i": "(e ,eng"( #! "(e a%0 $(a,, +e "(%ee (-nd%ed -+i"$/ i"$ &id"( !i!") -+i"$/ and i"$ (eig(" "(i%") -+i"$' Ma0e an #pening !#% da),ig(" in "(e a%0/ and !ini$( "(e a%0 a -+i" a+#*e i"' 6-" an en"%ane in "(e $ide #! "(e a%0/ &(i( )#- $(a,, .a0e &i"( +#""#./ +#""#./ $e#nd and "(i%d de0$'7 8Ne& A.e%ian Bi+,e G#p(e%&##d 9a,,ed %e$in &##d in $#.e edi"i#n$ #! "(e Bi+,e i$ an -niden"i!ied &##d &(i( .a) %e!e% "# "(e %e$in#-$ "%ee$ $-( a$ "(e )p%e$$; "(e .eaning #! "(e He+%e& &#%d i$ n#" ,ea% "# -$ "#da)' T(e -+i" &a$ a+#-" a !##" and a (a,!/ .a0ing N#a(<$ a%0 app%#xi.a"e,) 44= x >3 x 44 !ee"' T(e .eaning #! "(e &#%d$ 5#pening !#% da),ig("7 p%#+a+,) .ean$ an #pen $pae #n a,, $ide$ nea% "(e "#p #! "(e a%0 "# ad.i" ,ig(" and ai% and in $#.e &a) $e%*e a$ $-pp#%" !#% "(e %##!' T(e &#%d$ 5and !ini$( "(e a%07 p#$$i+,) .ean p,aing a %##! a -+i" a+#*e "(e "#p #! "(e &ind#&' &ind#&' ?(i,e "(e !#%eg#ing &a$ p%#+a+,) ,ea% "# N#a(/ ,i0e .an) -%%en" $pei!ia"i#n$/ i" i$ n#" en"i%e,) ,ea% "# .an) %eade%$' T#da) T#da)// &i"( ne& .e"(#d$ #! #n$"%-"i#n/ +-i,ding .a"e%ia,$ and "e(n#,#g)/ $pei!ia"i#n$ $pei!ia"i#n$ (a*e +e#.e an i.p#%"an" and e$$en"ia, pa%" #! "(e #.p,e"e a%(i"e"-%a, p%#e$$'
2.0 THE PURPOSE AND IMPORTANCE OF SPECIFICATIONS
2'' 2''
A $pe $pei!i i!ia" a"i#n i#n i$ de!i de!ined ned a$ 5a 5a &%i""e &%i""en n d#-.e d#-.en" n" de$% de$%i+i i+ing ng in de"ai de"ai,, "(e $#pe $#pe #! &#%0/ .a"e%ia,$ "# +e -$ed/ .e"(#d #! in$"a,,a"i#n/ &#%0.an$(ip !#% pa%e, #! &#%0 "# +e p,aed -nde% #n"%a"'
2'2' 2'2'
Spei! Spei!ia ia"i# "i#n$ n$ p%#*id p%#*ide e $-( in!# in!#%.a %.a"i# "i#n n &(i( &(i( a%e %e@-i% %e@-i%ed ed !#% p%#pe p%#pe%% #n$"%#n$"%-"i "i#n #n #% .a"e%ia, and
[email protected]" p%#-%e.en" &(i( ann#" +e p,aed in "(e d%a&ing$' a' App,ia+,e App,ia+,e p-+,ia" p-+,ia"i#n$ i#n$ #! *a%i#-$ *a%i#-$ "e(ni "e(nia, a, $#ie"ie$ $#ie"ie$ $-( $-( a$ ASTM/ ASTM/ UL/ e"' +' Sa.p,e$ Sa.p,e$ %e@-i%ed %e@-i%ed !#% #,#% $e,e" $e,e"i#n i#n $-( $-( a$ .e"a, .e"a, %##!ing/ %##!ing/ %e$i,ien" %e$i,ien" !,##%ing/ e%a.i "i,e e"' An) .a"e%ia, %e@-i%ed "# ,a%i!) i"$ $e,e"i#n +) "(e A%(i"e" "# "(e ,ien"' ' Sa.p,e Sa.p,e pane,$ pane,$ #! *a%i#-$ *a%i#-$ #n$"%- #n$"%-"i#n "i#n $)$"e.$ $)$"e.$ "# +e -$ed -$ed a$ $"anda%d $"anda%d #! @-a,i")' d' C#.p,e"e C#.p,e"e ,i$" ,i$" #! a,, a,, .a"e%ia, .a"e%ia, %e@-i%ed' %e@-i%ed' T(e d%a&ing$ d%a&ing$ #n,) india" india"e e #n%e"e' T(e $pei!ia"i#n &i,, india"e "(e ")pe #! e.en"/ "(e ")pe #! agg%ega"e/ addi"i#n$ "# "(e #n%e"e/ p%#pe%"ie$ #! &a"e%/ &a"e%/ a.#-n"$ #! ea( .a"e%ia,/ %e@-i%ed #.p%e$$i*e $"%eng"(' =1
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
e' Re@-i% Re@-i%ed ed Me"( Me"(#d$ #d$ #! Exe-" Exe-"i#n i#n:: S-%!ae #ndi"i#n
[email protected]" Re@-i%ed T)pe #! &e,d Man-!a"-%e%$ %e@-i%e.en"$ 9AT !'
An) %e@-i%e %e@-i%ed d "e$"$ "e$"$ #n!i%. #n!i%.ing ing "(a" "(a" "(e "(e $pei!i $pei!ia"i# a"i#n$ n$ and d%a&ing$ d%a&ing$ (a*e (a*e +een #%%e",) !#,,#&ed'
g' C,ean -p' (' T(e T(e gene%a gene%a,, '%e@'%e@-i% i%e. e.en en"$ "$:: In$"%-"i#n$ "# +idde%$ T(e 6%#p#$a, F#%. T(e Gene%a, C#ndi"i#n$ S-pp,e.en"a%) Gene%a, C#ndi"i#n$ Speia, C#ndi"i#n$ B#nd$ Bid B#nd$ 6e%!#%.ane6a).en" +#nd Addend-.$ A.end.en"$ C(ange O%de%$ In$-%ane 2'3' 2'3'
Spei! Spei!ia ia"i# "i#n$ n$ $eg%eg $eg%ega"e a"e "(e "(e in!#%. in!#%.a"i a"i#n #n $(#&n $(#&n #n "(e "(e d%a&in d%a&ing$ g$ in"# in"# *a%i# *a%i#-$ -$ $e"i#n$' T(e) %#$$%e!e%ene $e"i#n$ "# ea( #"(e% and %#$$ %e!e%ene$ "(e &#%0 #! ea( di$ip,ine "# "(a" #! #"(e% di$ip,ine$' F#% exa.p,e: F#% a p-.p &i"( a $-pp#%"ing #n%e"e pad/ "(e p-.p i$ $pei!ied in "(e .e(ania, $e"i#n and "(e #n%e"e i$ $pei!ied in "(e a%(i"e"-%a, $e"i#n/ 5a$"inp,ae #n%e"e'7 T(e $pei!ie% .-$" %e!e%ene "(e #n%e"e $e"i#n in "(e .e(ani$ $e"i#n !#% "(e in!#%.a"i#n #! "(e p,-.+ing #n"%a"#% and *ie*e%$a' T(e #n%e"e $-+#n"%a"#% .-$" #+"ain di.en$i#n$ and an(#% +#," "e.p,a"e$ !%#. "(e p,-.+ing #n"%a"#% +e!#%e !#%.ing and p#-%ing "(e %e@-i%ed pad'
2'4' 2'4'
Spei! Spei!ia ia"i# "i#n$ n$ in$"%in$"%-" " "(e di! di!!e% !e%en" en" .a"e% .a"e%ia, ia, $-pp, $-pp,ie% ie%$ $ #! "(e ex"en ex"en"" #! "(ei% "(ei% &#%0' &#%0'
2'' 2''
Spei! Spei!ia ia"i# "i#n$ n$ #n$"i #n$"i"-" "-"e e #ne #! "(e "(e #n"%a #n"%a"" d#-.en d#-.en"$ "$ "#ge" "#ge"(e% (e% &i"( &i"( "(e d%a& d%a&ing ing$ $ and "(e ag%ee.en" #! #n"%a" +e"&een "(e #&ne% and "(e #n"%a"#%' Sine $pei!ia"i#n$ a%e &%i""en in$"%-"i#n$/ "(e) a%e !%e@-en",) #n$ide%ed +) "(e ,a&)e%$ and "(e #-%"$ a$ (a*ing .#%e i.p#%"ane "(e d%a&ing$' T(-$/ -dg.en"$ a%e !%e@-en",) .ade +a$ed #n "(e $pei!ia"i#n$'
2'1' 2'1'
D%a&in D%a&ing$/ g$/ &(e"( &(e"(e% e% a%(i" a%(i"e" e"-%a -%a,/ ,/ $"%-" $"%-"-%a -%a,/ ,/ .e(an .e(ania ia,, #% e,e"%i e,e"%ia, a,// ann#" ann#" $eg%ega"e "(e &#%0 #! "(e *a%i#-$ "%ade$/ and ea( di$ip,ine india"e$ (i$ &#%0 a$ an in"eg%a"ed &(#,e' Spei!ia"i#n$/ #n "(e #"(e% (and/ $eg%ega"e "(e in!#%.a"i#n $(#&n #n "(e d%a&ing$ in"# *a%i#-$ $e"i#n$ &i"(in ea( di$ip,ine' T(e #n"%a"#% an "(en ge" (i$ $-+#n"%a"$ #n "(e +a$i$ #! "(e $pei!ia"i#n +%ea0d#&n #! $e"i#n$'
=>
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
3.0
Appendix – Reading 2
THE ARCHITECT AS SPECIFICATION WRITER
3'
Aade.i T%aining T(e e.p(a$i$ in a deg%ee p%#g%a. !#% a%(i"e"-%e i$ #!"en p,aed #n de$ign' F%#. "(e !%e$(.an )ea% "(%#-g( "(e !i!"( )ea%/ .-( #! "(e $"-den"$< "i.e i$ de*#"ed "# de$ign and #"(e% %e,a"ed $-+e"$'
3'2
6%a"ia, ?#%0 Expe%iene ?(en "(e g%ad-a"e a%(i"e" %ep#%"$ "# (i$ !i%$" #+ in an a%(i"e"-%a, #!!ie/ (e $-dden,) %ea,ie$ (#& ,i"",e (e 0n#&$ and #! (#& ,i"",e -$e (e i$ "# an #!!ie !#% a p%i.a%) pe%i#d #! "i.e' He .-$" a@-i%e $0i,, in d%a!"ing/ (e .-$"/ #*e% a pe%i#d #! "i.e/ de*e,#p $0i,, in de"ai,ing/ (e .-$" ,ea%n "# (e0 $(#p d%a&ing$ and !a.i,ia%ie (i.$e,! &i"( #n$"%-"i#n .e"(#d$ +) exp#$-%e "# !ie,d in$pe"i#n'
3'3
A .edi-. "# ,a%ge #!!ie -$-a,,) (a$ a $pei!ia"i#n depa%".en" #%ganied and %-n +) an expe%iened a%(i"e" a$$i$"ed +) )#-nge% pe#p,e &(# (a*e exp%e$$ed a de$i%e "# ,ea%n $pei!ia"i#n &%i"ing' T(i$ depa%".en" a,$# a$$e.+,e$ and !i,e$ a,, p%#d-" in!#%.a"i#n and i$ %e$p#n$i+,e !#% .a"e%ia, %e$ea%('
3'4
I! an #!!ie (a$ n# $pei!ia"i#n depa%".en"/ "(e) a%e #!"en gene%a"ed +) de!a-,"/ .eaning &%i""en +) a $eni#% $"a!! .e.+e% &i"( "(e ,ea$" &#%0,#ad' O,d $pei!ia"i#n$ a%e -$ed &i"( pa%ag%ap($ -" and pa$"ed/ $#.e $e"i#n$ -$ed *e%+a"i./ e"' Man) "i.e$ a )#-ng a%(i"e" de*e,#p$ a pa%"i-,a% $0i,, in de"ai,ing a e%"ain a%ea #! #n$"%-"i#n' He +e#.e$ pa%"i-,a%,) adep" a" de"ai,ing !ini$(ed a%pen"%)/ #% $(#&$ "a,en" in p-""ing "#ge"(e% &a,, $e"i#n$' He i$ a$0ed "# &%i"e "(e $e"i#n #n !ini$( a%pen"%) #% -ni" .a$#n%)' He $"-die$ #"(e% $pei!ia"i#n$/ %e$ea%(e$ "(e in!#%.a"i#n (e %e@-i%e$/ and p%#d-e$ "(e %e@-i%ed $e"i#n' T(i$ e.p,#)ee i$ n#" !#%g#""en' S,#&,)/ #*e% a pe%i#d #! "i.e/ (e "a0e$ #*e% "(e (#%e #! $pei!ia"i#n &%i"ing'
3'
T(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% i$ "(e #n,) p%#!e$$i#na, .e.+e% #! "(e "ea. &(# an ##%dina"e a,, "(e d%a&ing$ &i"( "(e $pei!ia"i#n$' He an $ee "# i" "(a" "(e%e a%e n# d-p,ia"i#n$ +e"&een "(e "&# d#-.en"$ and "(a" "(e%e i$ a $"anda%dia"i#n #! "(e in!#%.a"i#n +e"&een "(e.'
3'1'
T(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% an/ "# a g%ea" ex"en"/ aid in #n"%#,,ing "(e p%#e" +-dge"' ?i"( (i$ 0n#&,edge #! .a"e%ia, #$"$/ (e an $pei!) .a"e%ia,$ and $)$"e.$ "(a" a%e ,e$$ #$",) "(an "(e .a"e%ia, #% p%#d-" -$ed +) "(e de$igne% a$ a $"anda%d de"ai,ing' ?i"( (i$ #.+ined 0n#&,edge #! #$"$ and .a"e%ia,$/ (e i$ in a p#$i"i#n "# a$$i$" "(e d%a!"$.an in de"ai,ing' T(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% $(#-,d a,$# +e !a.i,ia% &i"( $"anda%d #!!ie de"ai,$ and a,$# !a.i,ia% &i"( #de$ and *a%i#-$ .an-a,$'
3'>'
T(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% (a$ #n"in-ed #n"a" &i"( .an-!a"-%e%$ and i$ in "(e p%#pe% p#$i"i#n "# di$#*e%/ ana,)e and %e#..end ne& .a"e%ia,$'
4.0 QUALIFICATIONS OF A SPECIFICATION WRITER
4'' T(e%e a%e "&# g%#-p$ #! pe#p,e &(# &%i"e $pei!ia"i#n$ and "(e%e i$ a g%ea" dea, #! di!!e%ene +e"&een "(e "&# g%#-p$' T(e%e a%e p%#!e$$i#na, $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e%$ and p%#!e$$i#na,$ &(# &%i"e $pei!ia"i#n$'
=
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
4'2' A p%#!e$$i#na, $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% .ain"ain$ a g##d ,i+%a%) #! "e(nia, d#-.en"$/ an ex"en$i*e #,,e"i#n #! .an-!a"-%e%$ ,i"e%a"-%e and a"a,#g$/ and i$ 0n#&,edgea+,e in *a%i#-$ #de$ -$ed in (i$ a%ea' He i$ gi*en a $e" #! d%a&ing$ &(i( a%e pe%i#dia,,) -pda"ed/ and (e gene%a"e$ "(e $pei!ia"i#n' 4'3' M#$" #!!ie$ p%e!e% p%#!e$$i#na,$ &(# &%i"e $pei!ia"i#n$' T(e !#,,#&ing @-a,i!ia"i#n$ a%e nee$$a%) !#% an e!!e"i*e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e%: a'
A deg%ee in "(e %e@-i%ed di$ip,ine and e*en"-a, p%#!e$$i#na, %egi$"%a"i#n;
+'
A g##d +a$i $0i,, in d%a!"ing and de"ai,ing/
'
A "(#%#-g( 0n#&,edge #! #n$"%-"i#n gained +) ex"en$i*e !ie,d in$pe"i#n/
d'
T(e a+i,i") "# &%i"e in a p%#pe% and #ni$e .anne%/
e' !/
An #%de%,) .ind/ and T(e a+i,i") "# ge" a,#ng &i"( !e,,#& &#%0e%$'
5.0 TYPES OF SPECIFICATIONS
I! an) "&# expe%iened $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e%$ &e%e a$0ed "# $pei!) "(e $a.e #+e"/ "(e%e &#-,d +e a #n$ide%a+,e di!!e%ene in "(e &#%ding .e"(#d #! &%i"ing' T(e%e a%e a$ .an) &a)$ #! $pei!)ing an i"e. a$ "(e%e a%e .an) $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e%$' An i"e./ $-( a$ a !an/ an +e $pei!ied in .an) &a)$ and "(a" "(e +e$" ")pe #! $pei!ia"i#n depend$ -p#n "(e p%#d-" #% .e"(#d +eing $pei!ied' In "(i$ %e$pe"/ expe%iene i$ "(e +e$" "ea(e%' A,, $pei!ia"i#n$ !a,, in"# $ix gene%a, ")pe$: '
T(e 6e%!#%.ane Spei!ia"i#n In "(i$ ")pe #! $pei!ia"i#n/ "(e %e$-,"$ #! "(e p%#d-"/ %a"(e% "(an "(e p%#d-" i"$e,!/ a%e $pei!ied' F#% exa.p,e: FAN 8 T(e Fan $(a,, .#*e n#" ,e$$ "(an eig(" (-nd%ed and $ix") -+i !ee" #! !%ee ai% pe% .in-"e 9= C-' !"' ..' and $(a,, .#*e n#" ,e$$ "(an $e*en (-nd%ed and eig(") -+i !ee" #! ai% pe% .in-"e 9>= -'!"' ..' again$" a #neeig("' in( 9a $"a"i p%e$$-%e
'2
T(e De$%ip"i*e Spei!ia"i#n A$ "(i$ na.e i.p,ie$/ a de$%ip"i*e $pei!ia"i#n gi*e$ a de$%ip"i#n #! "(e p%#d-"' F#% exa.p,e: FAN a' T(e Fan $(a,, +e a &a,,.#-n"ed/ en"%i!-ga, ")pe #! !an #! &ea"(e%p%##! #n$"%-"i#n .ade !#% #-"d##% -$e' I" $(a,, (e #! a,,a,-.in-. #n$"%-"i#n in,-ding a,-.in-. en"%i!-ga, &(ee,$ and a,-.in-. (a%d&a%e' T(e .e"a, in "(e !an $(a,, n#" +e "(inne% "(an $ix")!#-% "(#-$and"($ #! an in( 9='=47' =
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
+' T(e Fan $(a,, (e a di%e"d%i*e p%#pe,,e%")pe/ .#-n"ed #n a +a,, (ea%ing/ "#"a,,) en,#$ed/ #ne$ix"( (#%$ep#&e% 91 H6' M#"#% $-pp#%"ed +) a %igid !%a.e a""a(ed "# "(e !an (#-$ing' ' T(e ai% in,e" $(a,, n#" +e ,e$$ "(an "en in(e$ 9=7 in dia.e"e%' '3'
T(e B%and Na.e Spei!ia"i#n T(e de$i%ed p%#d-" i$ $pei!ied +) "(e na.e gi*en +) "(e .an-!a"-%e% #% +) "(e .an-!a"-%e%< $ na.e and .#de, n-.+e%' F#% exa.p,e: FAN T(e !an $(a,, +e .#de, n#' YJ a$ .an-!a"-%ed +* "(e S"a"i Ai% Fan C#.pan) #! Hig(/ Texa$; "(e H#&e,, L)nn A)%e C#.pan) #! 6%e"")/ Mi$$'; T(e R-++ B-%% Fan C#.pan) #! F#-n"ain/ 6enn; #% an e@-a, app%#*ed +) "(e a%(i"e"
'4'
T(e C,#$ed Spei!ia"i#n T(e%e a%e "&# ")pe$ #! ,#$ed $pei!ia"i#n$/ "(e $ing,ep%#d-" and/ "(e .-,"i p%#d-"' C,#$ed $pei!ia"i#n$ a%e -$-a,,) +%andna.e $pei!ia"i#n$ T(i$ i$ -$ed +a$ia,,) &(e%e .a"e%ia, i$ %e@-i%ed "# .a"( exi$"ing .a"e%ia,' F#% exa.p,e: FAN T(e !an $(a,, (e .#de, UR 2 a$ .an-!a"-%ed +) "(e H#&e,, L)nn A)%e C#.pan) #! 6%e"")' Mi$$' N# #"(e% +%and &i,, +e aep"ed' T(e .-,"ip%#d-" $pei!ia"i#n i$ "(e $a.e a$ a $ing,e p%#d-" exep" "(a" .#%e "(an #ne p%#d-" i$ -$ed' T(e a%(i"e" .a) &an" #.pe"i"i#n in +idding +-" .a) &an" "# ex,-de a n-.+e% #! .an-!a"-%e%$' F#% exa.p,e: FAN T(e !an $(a,, +e .#de, TKR 2 a$ .an-!a"-%ed +) "(e H#&e,, L)nn A)%e C#.pan) #! 6%e"")/ Mi$$' #% +) "(e R-++ B-%% Fan C#.pan) #! F#-n"ain/ 6enn'7
'
T(e Open Spei!ia"i#n T(e #pp#$i"e #! ,#$ed $pei!ia"i#n$/ "(e) a%e a,,ed 5#pen7 +ea-$e a,, .an-!a"-%e%$ &(#$e p%#d-"$ .ee" pe%!#%.ane #% de$%ip"i#n $pei!ied/ .a) +id' A,, pe%!#%.ane and de$%ip"i*e $pei!ia"i#n$ a%e #pen' B%andna.e $pei!ia"i#n$ a%e #pen i! "(e p(%a$e 5#% e@-a,7 i$ -$ed' T(e p(%a$e 5#% e@-a,< .ean$ "(a" "(e i"e. $pei!ied +) +%and8na.e i$ e$"a+,i$(ed a$ a $"anda%d and an) .an-!a"-%e% &i"( an e@-a, p%#d-" .a) +id'
'1'
T(e Re!e%ene Spei!ia"i#n T(e i"e. de$i%ed i$ %e!e%%ed "# +) a n-.+e% #%%e$p#nding "# a n-.+e% in a p-+,i$(ed $pei!ia"i#n.
=
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
F#% exa.p,e: FAN T(e !an $(a,, #n!#%. "# Fede%a, Spei!ia"i#n ?F2=> '>
T(e C#.+ina"i#n Spei!ia"i#n I" .a) +e de$i%a+,e "# -$e a #.+ina"i#n #! "(e a+#*e ")pe$ #! $pei!ia"i#n$' ?(i,e i" &#-,d +e i.p#$$i+,e "# (a*e #.+ina"i#n #! an #pen and a ,#$ed $pei!ia"i#n/ i" i$ p#$$i+,e "# (a*e #.+ina"i#n$ #! pe%!#%.ane/ de$%ip"i*e/ and %e!e%ene $pei!ia"i#n$' A p%#d-" .a) +e %e@-i%ed &i"( $pei!i p()$ia, (a%a"e%i$"i$ and a,$# .a) +e %e@-i%ed "# pe%!#%. "# a pa%"i-,a% $"anda%d' F#% exa.p,e: FAN 8 T(e !an $(a,, .#*e n#" ,e$$ "(an eig(" (-nd%ed and $ix") -+i !ee" pe% .in-"e 91= - !".. #! !%ee ai% and $(a,, +e a &a,,.#-n"ed/ en"%i!-ga, ")pe !an .ade !#% #-"d##% -$e' T(e .#"#% $(a,, +e #n$"%-"ed "# Ne.a S"anda%d$'
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6.0
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A pe%!#%.ane $pei!ia"i#n i$ n#" nee$$a%i,) +e""e% "(an a de$%ip"i*e $pei!ia"i#n' In a a$e &(e%e "(e $pei!ia"i#n $"a"ed/ "(e +a$e.en" &a,,$ $(a,, +e &a"e%"ig("/7 "(e #n"%a"#% app,ied n# &a"e%p%##!ing &(a"$#e*e%' I" &a$ a d%) )ea% and n# ,ea0ing &a$ di$#*e%ed d-%ing "(e #ne)ea% 9I)ea% &a%%an") pe%i#d (#&e*e%/ $(#%",) "(e%ea!"e%/ in a +ad %ain$"#%./ "(e &a,,$ ,ea0ed +ad,)' T(e #&ne% $-!!e%ed a +ad ,#$$ +-" &a$ -na+,e "# %e#*e% (i$ .#ne)'
THE SIXTEEN DIVISION UNIFORM CONSTRUCTION INDEX
T(e -$e #! a $"anda%d !#%.a" !#% #n$"%-"i#n $pei!ia"i#n$ i$ i.p#%"an" !#% T(e !#,,#&ing %ea$#n$: a' T(e -$e #! "(e $a.e p%#ed-%e ,e$$en$ "(e (ane !#% #.i$$i#n$ #% d-p,ia"i#n$ #! i"e.$' +' I" !ai,i"a"e$ "(e ,#a"i#n #! i"e.$ in "(e $a.e p,ae in ea( $e"i#n a!"e% "(e -$e%$ +e#.e !a.i,ia% &i"( "(e !#%.a"' ' I"$ #-",ine an $e%*e a$ a (e0,i$" d-%ing "(e de$ignde*e,#p.en" $"age: ?(a" %e,a"i#n$(ip$ a%e in*#,*ed ?(a" i$ "(e p%#d-" and i"$ $#pe H#& i$ i" -$ed in "(e &#%0
1'2
T(e C#n$"%-"i#n Spei!ia"i#n$ In$"i"-"e/ "(e A.e%ian In$"i"-"e #! A%(i"e"$ and "(e A$$#ia"ed Gene%a, C#n"%a"#%$ #! A.e%ia/ In' (a*e #in",) %e#..ended "(a" $pei!ia"i#n$ #n!#%. "# "(e $ix"eendi*i$i#n Uni!#%. C#n$"%-"i#n Index'
1'3
T(e #n$i$"en" in"e%na"i#na, !#%.a" &#-,d p%#*e +ene!iia, "# "(e &%i"e% #! $pei!ia"i#n$/ "# "(e #n"%a"#%/ and "# "(e .a"e%ia, $-pp,ie%/ +) .a0ing i" $i.p,e% !#% ea( "# a%%) #-" (i$ pa%" #! "(e +-i,ding p%#e$$'
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
1'4'
T(e $ix"eendi*i$i#n Uni!#%. C#n$"%-"i#n Index p,ae$ %e,a"ed g%#-p$ +a$ia,,) in "(e #%de% "(a" a *e%"ia, $"%-"-%e i$ +-i,"' In #"(e% &#%d$/ "(e ea%"(&#%0 $e"i#n$ a%e p,aed !i%$"/ !#,,#&ed +) #n%e"e/ .a$#n%)/ .e"a,$/ a%pen"%)/ e"'
1'
T(e $pei!ia"i#n$ a%e di*ided in"# "(e !#,,#&ing di*i$i#n$: 9Re!e% "# Ma$"e% F#%.a" Di*i$i#n I – Gene%a, Re@-i%e.en"$ In,-de$ .#$" %e@-i%e.en"$ "(a" app,) "# "(e #+ a$ a &(#,e #% "# $e*e%a, #! "(e "e(nia, $e"i#n$/ and e$peia,,) "(e %e@-i%e.en"$ $#.e"i.e$ %e!e%%ed "# a$ $peia, #ndi"i#n$' Gene%a, #ndi"i#n$ and $-pp,e.en"a%) #ndi"i#n$ a%e n#" in,-ded in "(e di*i$i#n$ #! "(e $pei!ia"i#n$' Di*i$i#n 2 Si"e ?#%0 In,-de$ .#$" $-+e"$ dea,ing &i"( $i"e p%epa%a"i#n and de*e,#p.en"' Si"e -"i,i"ie$ in Di*i$i#n$ and .-$" +e ##%dina"ed &i"( "(e$e $-+di*i$i#n$ Di*i$i#n 3 C#n%e"e In,-de$ .#$" i"e.$ "%adi"i#na,,) a$$#ia"ed &i"( #n%e"e &#%0; exep"i#n$ a%e pa*ing/ pi,e$/ &a"e%p%##!ing/ and/ "e%%a#' Di*i$i#n 4 Ma$#n%) In,-de$ .#$" .a"e%ia,$ "%adi"i#na,,) in$"a,,ed +) a .a$#n; exep"i#n$ a%e pa*ing and in"e%i#% !,##%ing' Di*i$i#n Me"a,$ In,-de$ .#$" $"%-"-%a, .e"a,$ a%e .e"a,$ n#" !a,,ing -nde% "(e $pei!i p%#*i$i#n$ #! #"(e% di*i$i#n$; exep"i#n$ a%e %ein!#%ing $"ee,/ -%"ain &a,,$/ %##!ing/ pi,e$/ d##%$/ and &ind#&$' Di*i$i#n 1 ?##d and 6,a$"i$ In,-de$ .#$" &#%0 "%adi"i#na,,) pe%!#%.ed +) a%pen"e%$; exep"i#n$ a%e &##d !ene$/ #n%e"e !#%.&#%0/ d##%$/ &ind#&$/ and !ini$( (a%d&a%e' Di*i$i#n > T(e%.a, and M#i$"-%e 6%#"e"i#n In,-de$ .#$" i"e.$ n#%.a,,) a$$#ia"ed &i"( in$-,a"i#n and p%e*en"ing "(e pa$$age #! &a"e% #% &a"e% *ap#%; exep"i#n$ a%e pain"/ &a"e%$"#p$ and #in"$ I in$"a,,ed in #n%e"e #% .a$#n%)/ and ga$0e"$ and $ea,an"$' Di*i$i#n D##%$ and ?ind#&$ In,-de$ (a%d&a%e/ d##%$/ &ind#&$/ and !%a.e$; .e"a, and g,a$$ -%"ain &a,,$; "%an$pa%en" and "%an$,-en" g,aing' Exep"i#n$ a%e g,a$$ +,#0$ and g,a$$ .#$ai$' Di*i$i#n Fini$(e$ In,-de$ in"e%i#% !ini$(e$ n#" "%adi"i#na,,) "(e &#%0 #! "(e a%pen"%) "%ade Di*i$i#n = Speia,"ie$ In,-de$ !a"#%)a$$e.+,ed/ p%e!ini$(ed i"e.$' Di*i$i#n
[email protected]" In,-de$ .#$" i"e.$ #! $peia,ied
[email protected]"' 2
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
Di*i$i#n 2 F-%ni$(ing$ In,-de$ .#$" i"e.$ p,aed in "(e !ini$(ed +-i,ding' Di*i$i#n 3 Speia, C#n$"%-"i#n In,-de$ #n$i"e #n$"%-"i#n #n$i$"ing #! i"e.$ "(a" n#%.a,,) &#-,d !a,, -nde% $e*e%a, #"(e% di*i$i#n$ +-" %e@-i%e #n"%#, "(a" an +e a""ained #n,) +) a,, pa%"$ in a $ing,e $e"i#n' Di*i$i#n 4 C#n*e)ing S)$"e.$ In,-de$ "(e $)$"e.$ "(a" -"i,ie p#&e% "# "%an$p#%" pe#p,e #% .a"e%ia,$' Di*i$i#n 8 Me(ania, In,-de$ .#$" i"e.$ "(a" (a*e +een "%adi"i#na,,) a$$#ia"ed &i"( "(e .e(ania, "%ade$; 6,-.+ing/ Hea"ing/ en"i,a"ing/ Ai% #ndi"i#ning and Fi%e 6%#"e" i#n' Di*i$i#n 1 8 E,e"%ia, In,-de$ .#$" i"e.$ "(a" (a*e +een "%adi"i#na,,) a$$#ia"ed &i"( "(e e,e"%ia, "%ade$' 7.0
THE THREEPART SECTION FORMAT
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Ea( #! "(e $ix"een di*i$i#n$ #! "(e Uni!#%. C#n$"%-"i#n Index i$ !-%"(e% di*ided in"# $e"i#n$ in "(e $pei!ia"i#n$' T(e$e $e"i#n$ a%e gi*en a gene%a, "i",e "(a" de$%i+e$ "(e &#%0 pe%!#%.ed +) +-i,ding "%ade$.an and a%e "(en &%i""en "# #n!#%. "# "(e CSI T(%ee6a%" Se"i#n F#%.a"<' T(e "(%ee .ain pa%"$ #! ea( $-+di*i$i#n (a$ +een e$"a+,i$(ed "# %ep%e$en" "(e .ini.-. +%ea0d#&n "# +e -$ed'
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T(e 3pa%" $e"i#n !#%.a" p%#*ide$ !#% %e#gni"i#n #! a +a$i -ni" #! &#%0' T(e #n"en" #! a $e"i#n .-$" india"e ,ea%,) a,, "(a" i$ nee$$a%) "# 0n#& "(e +a$i -ni" #! &#%0' T(e $pei!ie% .-$" di$ip,ine (i.$e,! "# a$0 "(%ee !-nda.en"a, @-e$"i#n$ a+#-" an) p%#d-": a' +' '
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?(a" i$ "(e p%#d-"< H#& i$ i" in#%p#%a"ed in"# "(e &#%0 ?(a" in"e%%e,a"i#n$(ip$ (a*e exi$"ed/ d# exi$"/ #% &i,, exi$" !#% "(e p%#d-" &i"( "(e %e.ainde% #! "(e p%#e" #% &i"( an) p#%"i#n #! "(e p%#e"
T(e "(%ee +a$i pa%"$ #! "(e $e"i#n !#%.a" a%e "(e !#,,#&ing: a'
6a%" ' GENERAL T(i$ pa%" #*e%$ "(#$e gene%a, a%ea$ #! #ne%n &(i( p%eede and !#,,#& "(e &#%0/ and &(i( de!ine "(e $#pe #! "(e &#%0'
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ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
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Appendix – Reading 2
6a%" 3 EECUTION 6a%" 3 de$%i+e$ in de"ai, "(e .anne% in &(i( i"e.$ #*e%ed +) pa%" "&# a%e "# +e in#%p#%a"ed in"# "(e &#%0'
>'4
6a%ag%ap( Ti",e$ F,exi+i,i") &a$ "(e ai. in $e,e"ing "(e *a%i#-$ pa%ag%ap( "i",e$' T(e) a%e $-gge$"ed "# gi*e -ni!#%.i") "# "(e $pei!ia"i#n &(e"(e% -$ed in "(e 6(i,ippine$/ in "(e Uni"ed ingd#./ in "(e Uni"ed S"a"e$/ #% &(e%e*e%' T(e CSI 3pa%" !#%.a" i$ %apid,) +eing aep"ed in a &ide% %ange #! #-n"%ie$ and a%ea$' Spei!ia"i#n &%i"e%$ -$e "(e !#%.a"/ #n"%a"#%$ p%e!e% i"/ .an-!a"-%e%$ a%e -$ing i" in "(ei% $pei!ia"i#n$ and .an) #-n"%ie$ (a*e aep"ed i"$ -$e'
>'4
Ea( pa%" #! "(e 3pa%" $e"i#n !#%.a" .a) +e "ai,#%ed +) "(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% "# "(e p%#e" (e i$ &#%0ing #n' One an a,$# add pa%ag%ap($ and/ #n #a$i#n$/ #.+ine #% de,e"e pa%"$' ?(en a pa%" i$ n#" %e@-i%ed/ "(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% $(#-,d a,&a)$ +e *e%) $pei!i and $"a"e 6a%" 2 de,e"ed'7 T(e #n"%a"#%$ a,&a)$ en#) !inding $#.e"(ing !#%g#""en +) a $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e%' T(e a-$e #! $#.e (ange #%de%$ an +e di%e",) +,a.ed #n #.i$$i#n$ !%#. "(e $pei!ia"i#n$'
!.0
ELEMENTS OF SPECIFICATION COMPOSITION
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T(e%e a%e a n-.+e% #! pi"!a,,$ "(a" .-$" +e a*#ided i! #n"%a" $pei!ia"i#n$ a%e "# +e ea$i,) -nde%$"##d/ %eadi,) in"e%p%e"ed/ and (a*e a !i%. ,ega, +a$i$' T(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% &i,, !ind "(e !#,,#&ing g-ide,ine$ -$e!-,:
'2'
C#n!,i"$ +e"&een "(e d%a&ing$ and "(e $pei!ia"i#n$ a%e a #..#n a-$e #! p%#+,e.$ d-%ing "(e #n$"%-"i#n p(a$e' T(e Gene%a, 6%#*i$i#n$ #! "(e #n"%a" $"a"e$/ in pa%"/ An)"(ing .en"i#ned in "(e $pei!ia"i#n$/ and n#" $(#&n in "(e d%a&ing$/ #% $(#&n #n "(e d%a&ing$ and n#" .en"i#ned in "(e $pei!ia"i#n$/ $(a,, +e #! ,i0e e!!e" a$ i! $(#&n #% .en"i#ned in +#"(' In a$e #! di!!e%ene +e"&een d%a&ing$ and $pei!ia"i#n$/ "(e $pei!ia"i#n$ $(a,, g#*e%n' In a$e #! di$%epan)/ ei"(e% in !ig-%e$/ in "(e d%a&ing$/ #% in "(e $pei!ia"i#n$/ "(e .a""e% $(a,, +e p%#.p",) $-+.i""ed "# "(e C#n"%a"ing O!!ie%/ &(# $(a,, p%#.p",) .a0e a de"e%.ina"i#n in &%i"ing'<
T(e%e!#%e/ ?(en i" i$ de"e%.ined "(a" a n#"e #n "(e d%a&ing$ i$ %e@-i%ed and "(e in!#%.a"i#n i$ ade@-a"e,) #*e%ed in "(e $pei!ia"i#n/ "(e d%a&ing$ $(#-,d %e!e% "# "(e $pei!ia"i#n$'< '3 D%a&ing$ and $pei!ia"i#n$ $(a,, (e "(#%#-g(,) and #.p,e"e,) ##%dina"ed' T(e .a#%i") #! ,ai.$ %e$-," !%#. in#n$i$"enie$ #% a.+ig-i"ie$ +e"&een p%#e" $pei!ia"i#n$ and d%a&ing$/ and in $#.e a$e$ &i"(in ea( d#-.en"' D%a&ing$ in gene%a,/ $(a,, $(#&: a' +' '
A%(i"e"-%a, and enginee%ing de$ign 6,an$/ e,e*a"i#n$/ de"ai,$ and a,, e$$en"ia, di.en$i#n$ De$igna"i#n #! ea( p#%"i#n +) "i",e #% $).+#,/ "# a,,#& %e!e%ene "# i" 4
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
d' e'
T(e ex"en" #! "(e *a%i#-$ .a"e%ia,$ +) $).+#,$ #% #"(e%&i$e N#"e$ gi*ing "(e +a$i de$ign da"a/ a$$-.ed ,#ad$/ a,,#&a+,e $"%e$$e$/ de$ign %e!e%ene$/ and %e@-i%e.en"$ Li.i"$ #! &#%0
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Appendix – Reading 2
Spei!ia"i#n$ $(a,, gi*e a,, nee$$a%) in!#%.a"i#n g#*e%ning: a' +' ' d'
Ma"e%ia,$ a%id &#%0.an$(ip In$pe"i#n and "e$"$ S-pp,e.en"a%) #n"%a"-a, %e@-i%e.en"$ Nee$$a%) in!#%.a"i#n &(i( i$ n#" $-pp,ied +) "(e d%a&ing$
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I"e.$ "(a" $(#-,d +e india"ed/ #n "(e d%a&ing$ $(#-,d n#" +e in,-ded in "(e $pei!ia"i#n$' Si.i,a%,)/ i"e.$ &(i( +e,#ng in "(e $pei!ia"i#n$ $(#-,d n#" +e #n "(e d%a&ing$' In,-ding in "(e $pei!ia"i#n i"e.$ "(a" $(#-,d +e india"ed #n "(e d%a&ing$ and *ie *e%$a .a) ,ead "# #n!,i"$'
'1'
Te%.in#,#g) -$ed in $pei!ia"i#n$ a%id d%a&ing$ $(#-,d +e "(e $a.e' I! "(e "e%.in#,#g) -$ed in "(e d%a&ing$ $(#-,d *a%) and "(e %e*i$i#n #! "(e d%a&ing$ i$ n#" p%a"ia+,e/ "(e $pei!ia"i#n$ .-$" %e#ni,e $-( di!!e%ene in a .anne% $i.i,a% "# "(e !#,,#&ing H#,,#& "i,e 9a,$# india"ed a$ 5,a) "i,e and a$ 5"e%%a #""a "i,e7'
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T(e $pei!ia"i#n $(#-,d +e (e0ed a%e!-,,) &i"( "(e d%a&ing$ "# $ee "(a" n# #n!,i"$ #% a.+ig-i"ie$ exi$" and "# +e $-%e "(a" "(e %e!e%ene "# d%a&ing$ in "(e $pei!ia"i#n$ a$ india"ed i$ ,ea%,) $(#&n #n "(e d%a&ing$' T(e d%a&ing$ and "(e $pei!ia"i#n$ #.p,e.en" ea( #"(e%' T(e) $(#-,d in"e%,#0/ +-" n#" #*e%,ap' Gene%a, #%%e,a"i#n +e"&een d%a&ing$ and $pei!ia"i#n$ i$ a p%inipa, !-n"i#n #! "(e A%(i"e" Enginee%<$ #n"%a"/ and "(e%e!#%e .-$" %eei*e "(e a""en"i#n #! #.pe"en" pe%$#nne,' T(e $(ed-,e #! &#%0 .-$" a,,#& a.p,e "i.e and pe%$#nne, "#: a'
C##%dina"e and %#$$8(e0 "(e d%a&ing$ and $pei!ia"i#n$ p%epa%ed +) #n$-,"an" $-+#n"%a"#%$ 9i! an) in"# "(e +a,ane #! "(e &#%0'
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E,i.ina"e #n!,i"$ &(en "(e de$ign d#e$ n#" %e!,e" "(e .#$" -%%en" %i"e%ia in "(e $pei!ia"i#n$ p%i#% "# %ep%#d-"i#n'
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E%%#%$ %e$-," !%#. "(e -$e #! #-"#!da"e p%in"ed $pei!ia"i#n$ #! agenie$/ $#ie"ie$/ and a$$#ia"i#n$' T(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% $(#-,d a,&a)$ *e%i!) "(e da"e #! p-+,ia"i#n and a,$# in,-de "(e ,a"e$" %e*i$i#n da"e in "(e ,i$" #! app,ia+,e p-+,ia"i#n'
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U$ing p%#d-"$ #% .an-!a"-%e%<$ a"a,#g$ "(a" a%e #-" #! da"e #% a #..#n $pei!ia"i#n e%%#%' T(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% $(#-,d ne*e% di$#-%age a .an-!a"-%e%<$ %ep%e$en"a"i*e "# a,, -p#n (i. and (e $(#-,d a,&a)$ in$i$" "(a" (e 0eep a,, (i$ ,i"e%a"-%e -%%en"' A *e%) i.p#%"an" &a) "(a" "(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% 0eep$ (i.$e,! in!#%.ed a+#-" ne& p%#d-"$ and "(e ,a"e$" in$"a,,a"i#n de"ai,$ i$ "(%#-g( "(e .an-!a"-%e%<$ %ep%e$en"a"i*e'
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6%e*i#-$,) 6%epa%ed C#n"%a" Spei!ia"i#n$ D# n#" -$e p%e*i#-$,) p%epa%ed #n"%a" $pei!ia"i#n$ #% #+$#,e"e g-ide$' T(i$ n-,,i!ie$ "(e ad*an"age #! -%%en",) !-%ni$(ed g-ide$ #n"aining ne& %i"e%ia #% app%#*ed p(%a$ing/ and #"(e% pe%"inen" in!#%.a"i#n'
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
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T(e $pei!ia"i#n &%i"e% $(#-,d +e a%e!-, n#" "# in,-de .i$"a0e$ #% e%%#%$ a p%e*i#-$ #n"%a"#% (a$ .ade #n a p%e*i#-$ p%#e"'
'2
Ma0ing a $pei!ia"i#n .#%e #.p,ia"ed #% .#%e de"ai,ed "(en "(e $ine #! "(e p%#e" %e@-i%e$ $(#-,d +e a%e!-,,) a*#ided' A "&#+ed%##. (#-$e d#e$ n#" %e@-i%e a =page $pei!ia"i#n and *ie *e%$a/ a 2$"#%e) #!!ie +-i,ding %e@-i%e$ a .#%e #.p,e"e $pei!ia"i#n' O*e%$pei!)ing a p%#e" #!"en ,ead$ "# a (ig(e% +id +ea-$e "(e #n"%a"#% i$ in"i.ida"ed +) "(e $pei!ia"i#n'
'3
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3'4
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ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
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ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
in,-de a #n"ingen) in%e.en" in "(ei% +id p%ie$ $(#-,d +e .#di!ied "# .a0e "(e #n"%a" $pei!ia"i#n$ ,ea% a$ "# .eaning and a$ "# &(a" i$ %e@-i%ed #! "(e C#n"%a"#%' '3
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ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
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Appendix – Reading 2
A*#id &#%d$ (a*ing *a%ied #% inde!ini"e .eaning$' D# n#" $a): 5T(e
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ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
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Appendix – Reading 2
Si.p,i!ia"i#n T#ge"(e% &i"( ,a%i")/ #.p,e"ene$$/ and p%ei$i#n/ +%e*i") i$ an i.p#%"an" #n$ide%a"i#n in &%i"ing $pei!ia"i#n$' T(e .a$" #ni$e &a) #! &%i"ing "(e Spei!ia"i#n $(#-,d +e $#-g("' B%e*i") i$ #!"en "(e +e$" &a) #! en$-%ing ,a%i")' In a(ie*ing +%e*i")/ (#&e*e%/ "(e &%i"e% .-$" en$-%e "(a" n#ne #! "(e "e(nia, and ,ega, in"en" i$ ,#$"' T(e !#,,#&ing $pei!i %-,e$ $(#-,d +e !#,,#&ed &(ene*e% "(e) d# n#" (ange "(e in"en" and .eaning #% i.pai% "(e ,a%i") #! "(e g-ide $pei!ia"i#n' a'
U$e "(e i.pe%a"i*e .##d &(e%e i" %e$-,"$ in "(e -$e #! !e&e% &#%0$ and d#e$ n#" %ed-e "(e ,a%i") #! "e(nia, and #n"%a"-a, in"en"' F#% Exa.p,e: In$"ead #! 7In$"a,,a"i#n #! $%e&#in"ed and $#,de%#in"ed "-+ing: A,, pipe and "-+ing $(a,, +e -" a-%a"e,) "# .ea$-%e.en"$ e$"a+,i$(ed +) "(e C#n"%a"#% &i"(#-" $p%inging #% !#%ing' Sa): In$"a,,a"i#n #! $%e&#ined piping end $#,de%#in"ed "-+ing: C-" piping and "-+ing a-%a"e,) "# %e@-i%ed .ea$-%e.en"$ and &#%0 in"# p,ae &i"(#-" $p%inging #% !#%ing'
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ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
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A*#id -nde%,ining an) p#%"i#n #! a pa%ag%ap( #% api"a,iing p(%a$e$ #% &#%0$ !#% "(e $a0e #! e.p(a$i$' A,, #! "(e %e@-i%e.en"$ a%e i.p#%"an" in #+"aining "(e de$i%ed p%#d-" #% $e%*ie'
9.20
A*#id -$ing "%ae na.e$/ #p)%ig("ed na.e$ and #"(e% p%#p%ie"a%) na.e$ app,)ing ex,-$i*e,) "# "(e p%#d-" #! #ne #.pan)/ -n,e$$ "(e i"e.9$ ann#" +e de$%i+ed ade@-a"e,) +ea-$e #! "e(nia, in*#,*e.en"/ #n$"%-"i#n/ #% #.p#$i"i#n' In $-( in$"ane$/ a" ,ea$" "(%ee 9.#%e/ i! p#$$i+,e #..e%ia, p%#d-"$ .a) +e in,-ded &i"( "(e p(%a$e 5#% e@-a,< !#,,#&ing "# a$$-%e "(a" +idding &i,, n#" +e ,i.i"ed "# "(e pa%"i-,a% .a0e $pei!ied' T(e $a.e p(i,#$#p() app,ie$ "# .an-!a"-%e%$< pa%" n-.+e%$ #% d%a&ing n-.+e%$ !#% .in#% pa%"$ &(en i" i$ i.p%a"ia, "# $pei!) "(e exa" %e@-i%e.en"$ in "(e Spei!ia"i#n' T# "(e ex"en" "(a" i" i$ p%a"ia,/ "(e pa%"i-,a% (a%a"e%i$"i$ %e@-i%ed $(#-,d +e in,-ded "# de!ine "(e #% e@-a,7 +a$i$' T%ade na.e$ p%e$en" a p%#+,e. &(en "(e) (a*e +e#.e gene%i "e%.$' F#% in$"ane/ "(e &#%d 5.i%#$&i"(7 i$ !%e@-en",) -$ed "# %e!e% "# an) $en$i"i*e #% $nap a"i#n $&i"(/ +-" 5Mi%#$&i"(7 i$a +%and na.e' S#.e .an-!a"-%e%$ ea,#-$,) g-a%d "(ei% "%ade na.e$' B-$$.ann/ !#% in$"ane/ -$ed "(e %egi$"e%ed na.e 5F-$e"%#n7 !#% "i.ede,a) !-$e$ and "(e) d#n<" &an" 5F-$e"%#n7 "# +e#.e a gene%i "e%.' ?(en $-( a %egi$"e%ed "%ade na.e i$ .i$-$ed/ "(e .an-!a"-%e% an ,#$e (i$ ex,-$i*e %ig("$ "# "(e na.e/ a-$ing (i. #n$ide%a+,e (a%.' E*en +%and na.e$ &(i( (a*e +e#.e gene%i $(#-,d +e a*#ided in &%i"ing a $pei!ia"i#n/ $ine "(e) ann#" #n*e) ,ea%,) "# "(e C#n"%a"#% #% In$pe"#% &(a" i$ %e@-i%ed' T# .ain"ain ,a%i") and a*#id p#"en"ia, .i$(ap$/ p%#p%ie"a%) na.e$ $(#-,d a,&a)$ +e -$ed #%%e",)/ +-" #n,) &(en a+$#,-"e,) nee$$a%)'
'2
A*#id -$ing di.en$i#n$ #% ,#a"i#n$ in "(e $pei!ia"i#n; "(i$ in!#%.a"i#n +e,#ng$ #n "(e d%a&ing$' H#&e*e%/ i! di.en$i#n$ need +e $pei!ied/ "(e di.en$i#n$ $(#-,d a,&a)$ (a*e a' "#,e%ane' F#% exa.p,e/ in "(e $"a"e.en" 5T(e ()d%#p(#ne$ $(a,, +e $paed = !ee" apa%"7/ i" i$ -n,ea% &(e"(e% "(e) need "# +e $paed = !ee" apa%" p,-$ #% .in-$ 2 .i%#n$ #% p,-$ #% .in-$ 2 !ee"' T(e g#*e%ning %i"e%ia in $e,e"ing "#,e%ane$ .-$" +e "(a" #! %ea, need$ and %e@-i%e.en"$ &eig(ed again$" $-i"a+i,i") !#% in"ended p-%p#$e'
'22
Spe,, #-" !ig-%e$ -nde% = exep" -ni"$ #! "i.e and .ea$-%e.en"/ and -$e n-.e%a,$ !#% !ig-%e$ = and a+#*e' Di.en$i#n$ a%e a,&a)$ p%e$en"ed a$ n-.e%a,$/ and #ne7 #% 5e%#7 $(#-,d a,&a)$ +e $pe,,ed #-" &(en -$ed $ing,)' Ne*e% -$e +#"( &#%d$ and n-.e%a,$: e.g., 5"en 9= a%e %e@-i%ed'
'23
?(ene*e% p#$$i+,e/ dei.a,$ $(#-,d +e -$ed in$"ead #! !%a"i#n$'
'24
A*#id -$ing "(e "e%n 5and#%7 in $pei!ia"i#n$' T(e e!!e"i*ene$$ #! "(e $pei!ia"i#n depend$ #n p%ei$e ,ang-age -$ed "# #n*e) #nep"$ in an -na.+ig-#-$ .a%ine%' 5And< i$ -$ed "# india"e addi"i*e %e@-i%e.en"$ $-( a$/ 5T(e C#n"%a"#% $(a,, $-pp,) #ne $e" #! p%in"$ and "(e #%igina, nega"i*e$7' 5O%7 i$ -$ed "# india"e an a,"e%na"i*e $-( a$ / 5Da"a .a) +e $-pp,ied #n .agne"i "ape #% $"anda%d p-n( a%d$'
'2
A*#id $pei!)ing an i"e. "# +e 5p%#*ided a$ india"ed7 #% 5a$ $(#&n7' T(e p%#*i$i#n #! i"e.$ $(#&n #n "(e d%a&ing$ i$ a,%ead) a pa%" #! "(e #n"%a"' A,$#, i! an i"e. i$ $pei!ied "# +e 5p%#*ided a$ india"ed7 #% 5a$ $(#&n< and i$ n#" $(#&n #% india"ed/ "(e C#n"%a"#% (a$ a *a,id a%g-.en" "(a" i" &a$ n#" in"ended "# p%#*ide "(i$ i"e.' On,) in %a%e a$e$ &(e%e i" i$ nee$$a%) "# de!ine "(e ,i.i"$ #% $#pe #! &#%0 $(#-,d "(e$e p(%a$e$ +e a,,#&ed' 2
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
'21
A,, ,a$$i!ia"i#n i"e.$/ e'g/ T)pe, G%ade/ #% C,a$$/ $(a,, appea% &i"( "(e !i%$" ,e""e% #! "(e "e%. api"a,ied'
'2>
In in$"ane$ &(e%e $e*e%a, i"e.$ a%e ,i$"ed in $e%ie$/ #..a$ $(a,, +e p,aed a!"e% ea( i"e. #% $-+e"/ in,-ding "(e #ne -$" p%i#% "# "(e #n -n"i#n'
'2
?(en a $"a"e.en" #! ,i.i"a"i#n i$ &%i""en #-"/ "(e p(%a$e $(a,, (e $"a"ed/ 5T(e dia.e"e% $(a,, n#" +e g%ea"e% "(an7 "# exp%e$$ .axi.-. ,i.i"/ #% T(e dia.e"e% $(a,, n#" (e ,e$$ "(an7 !#% $"a"ing a .ini.-. ,i.i"'
'2
5Un,e$$ #"(e%&i$e $pei!ied7 $(a,, +e -$ed "# india"e an a,"e%na"i*e #-%$e #! a"i#n' T(i$ p(%a$e $(a,, +e -$ed #n,) &(en i"$ .eaning an +e ,a%i!ied +) p%#*iding a %e!e%ene "# an#"(e% pa%" #! "(e Spei!ia"i#n'
'3=
U$e 5$(a,,< &(ene*e% exp%e$$ing a +inding p%#*i$i#n' T(e !#,,#&ing $"a"e.en"$ #%%e",) e.p,#) 5$(a,,7: 56#&e% C#nne"#%' T(e inp-" p#&e% a+,e $(a,, +e $-pp,ied &i"('' 5Da"a F#%.a"' T(e C#n"%a"#% $(a,, !-%ni$( .agne"i "ape'''7 T(e%e an +e n# @-e$"i#n #! "(e need "# !-%ni$( #% pe%!#%. &(en $(a,,7 i$ -$ed' U$e $(a,,7 in ,ie- #! 5"# +e
'3
U$e 5$(#-,d7 and 5.a)7 &(ene*e% i" i$ nee$$a%) "# exp%e$$ n#n.anda"#%) p%#*i$i#n$' T(i$ i$ $e,d#. nee$$a%) in a &e,,&%i""en Spei!ia"i#n/ F#% exa.p,e/ "(e $"a"e.en"/ T(e #nne"#% $(#-,d (a*e p#,a%ied +,ade$'7 %ea,,) india"e$ a p%e!e%ene !#% a p#&e% p,-g &i"( p#,a%ied +,ade$' S(#-,d7 and 5.a) a%e -$ed "# exp%e$$ an #p"i#n and a%e !%e@-en",) a+-$ed' F#% exa.p,e/ "(e $"a"e.en"/ T(e da"a $(#-,d +e !-%ni$(ed #n .agne"i "ape +-" .a) (e p%#*ided #n #,-.n p-n( a%d$'7 d#e$ %i#" p%e,-de "(e C#n"%a"#% !%#. !-%ni$(ing .agne"i di$' I! &(a" i$ .ean" i$ "(a" "(e "ape i$ p%e!e%%ed/ +-" a%d$ aep"a+,e/ i" $(#-,d +e $"a"ed "(i$ &a): 5T(e da"a $(a,, +e !-%ni$(ed #n ei"(e% .agne"i "ape #% =8#,-.n p-n( a%d$; (#&e*e%/ .agne"i "ape i$ p%e!e%%ed'7
9.32
T(e "e%.$ 5!,a..a+,e7 and 5n#n!,a..a+,e7 $(a,, +e 8-$ed in ,ie- #! "(e "e%.$ 5in!,a..a+,e7/ 5-nin!,a..a+,e
'33
Fig-%e$/ I,,-$"%a"i#n$/ G%ap($ a'
A 5!ig-%e7 i$ an i,,-$"%a"i#n #% g%ap( &(i( .a) #n$"i"-"e an in"eg%a, pa%" #! "(e Spei!ia"i#n' I" .-$" +e ,ea%,) %e,a"ed "# and #n$i$"en" &i"( "(e "ex" #! "(e a$$#ia"ed pa%ag%ap($'
+'
Fig-%e$ $(a,, (e #n$e-"i*e,) n-.+e%ed and ea( !ig-%e %#$$8%e!e%ened "# "(e a$$#ia"ed pa%ag%ap( &(en i" i$ n#" adaen"' A,, !ig-%e$ .-$" +e "i",ed/ %ega%d,e$$ #! &(e%e "(e) appea% in "(e Spei!ia"i#n'
22
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
'34
Appendix – Reading 2
'
I! !ig-%e$ a%e n-.e%#-$ and "(ei% ,#a"i#n &#-,d in"e%!e%e &i"( #%%e" $e@-ening #! pa%ag%ap($/ "(e) .a) +e p,aed in n-.e%ia, $e@-ene a" "(e end #! "(e Spei!ia"i#n #n page$ !#,,#&ing "(e #n,-ding .a"e%ia, and +e!#%e an) index #% appendix'
d'
T(e in,-$i#n #! !ig-%e$ in "(e Spei!ia"i#n i$ di$#-%aged and $(#-,d +e pe%.i""ed #n,) -nde% "(e .#$" -n-$-a, i%-.$"ane$'
Ta+,e$ a'
A "a+,e i$ an a%%ange.en" #! da"a .i.e$ and #,-.n$ and $(#-,d +e -$ed &(en da"a an +e p%e$en"ed .#%e ,ea%,) "(i$ &a) "(an +) "(e "ex"' E,a+#%a"e #% #.p,ia"ed "a+,e$ $(#-,d +e a*#ided'
+'
Re!e%ene$ in "(e "ex" .-$" +e $-!!iien",) de"ai,ed "# .a0e "(e p-%p#$e #! "(e "a+,e ,ea% and "(e "a+,e $(a,, +e %e$"%i"ed "# da"a pe%"inen" "# "(e a$$#ia"ed "ex"'
'
Ea( "a+,e .-$" %#$$%e!e%ene "(e a$$#ia"ed "ex" &(en i" i$ n#" adaen"' I! $pae d#e$ n#" pe%.i"/ a "a+,e .a) (e p,aed a" "(e +eginning #! "(e $-eeding page #% i! i" i$ ex"en$i*e #n a $epa%a"e page'
d'
Ta+,e$ $(a,, +e n-.+e%ed &i"( #n$e-"i*e R#.an n-.e%a,$ in "(e #%de% in &(i( "(e) a%e %e!e%ened ini"ia,,) in "(e Spei!ia"i#n and "(e n-.+e% and "i",e $(a,, (e p,aed a+#*e "(e "a+,e'
e'
?(en %e@-i%ed/ "a+,e$ .a) +e %#"a"ed #-n"e%,#0&i$e deg%ee$'
!'
6,ae !##"n#"e$ "# a "a+,e #% !ig-%e +e,#& "(e !ig-%e #% "a+,e' T(e !##"n#"e$ .a) #n"ain .anda"#%) in!#%.a"i#n "(a" ann#" +e p%e$en"ed a$ da"a &i"(in a "a+,e' F##"n#"e$ a%e n-.+e%ed $epa%a"e,) !#% ea( "a+,e' ?(e%e n-.e%a,$ ,ead "# a.+ig-i") 9!#% exa.p,e/ in #nne"i#n &i"( a (e.ia, !#%.-,a/ $-pe%i#% ,e""e%$/ a$"e%i$0$/ dagge%$/ and #"(e% $).+#,$ .a) +e -$ed'
23
Appendix – Reading 2
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
10. 0
STEP $Y STEP SPECIFICATION WRITIN#
STE6
Li$" d#&n a,, pe%"inen" &#%0 i"e.$ "# +e #*e%ed in "(e p%#e" a#%ding "# "(e I1di*i$i#n Uni!#%. C#n$"%-"i#n Index' Re!e% "# Appendix: Ma$"e%!#%.a" !#% a .a$"e% ,i$" #! $e"i#n "i",e$ and n-.+e%$' F#% exa.p,e/ !#% a %e$idene and !#% a 4$"#%e) +-i,ding/ "(e app,ia+,e di*i$i#n$ .a) +e "(e !#,,#&ing:
A66LICABLE DIISIONS: Exa.p,e Re$idene
Exa.p,e 2 4$"#%e)
Di*i$i#n = Bidding and C#n"%a" D#-.en"$ Di*i$i#n = Gene%a, Re@-i%e.en"$ Di*i$i#n =2 Si"e ?#%0 Di*i$i#n =3 C#n%e"e Di*i$i#n =4 Ma$#n%) Di*i$i#n = Me"a,$ Di*i$i#n =1 ?##d and 6,a$"i$ Di*i$i#n => T(e%.a, and M#i$"-%e 6%#"e"i#n Di*i$i#n = D##%$ and ?ind#&$ Di*i$i#n = Fini$(e$ Di*i$i#n = Speia,"ie$ Di*i$i#n
[email protected]" Di*i$i#n 2 F-%ni$(ing Di*i$i#n 3 Speia, C#n$"%-"i#n Di*i$i#n 4 C#n*e)ing S)$"e.$ Di*i$i#n Me(ania, Di*i$i#n 1 E,e"%ia,
24
ARCH 23 : MATERIALS OF BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Appendix – Reading 2
STE6 2
C#,,e"/ p%#d-" ,i"e%a"-%e/ "e(nia, +%#(-%e$/ #% an) a*ai,a+,e $pei!ia"i#n$ &%i""en !#% "(e $pei!i di*i$i#n and %e&%i"e "# #n!#%. "# "(e 3pa%" $e"i#n !#%.a" a$ de$%i+ed in "(e CSI D#-.en" Re!e% "# 6a%" >'=: T(e T(%ee6a%" F#%.a"'
STE6 3
Re*ie& and (e0 "(e $pei!ia"i#n ,ang-age' Re!e% 6a%" '=: Spei!ia"i#n Lang-age'
STE6 4
C#.pi,e/ %e*ie& and edi" "(e $pei!ia"i#n$' Re!e% "# 6a%" '=: E,e.en"$ #! Spei!ia"i#n C#.p#$i"i#n "# (e0 !#% e%%#%$' T(e ad*an"age #! -$ing a .i%# #.p-"e%&#%d p%#e$$#% #*e% a ")pe&%i"e% an +e $een a" "(i$ p#in"'
STE6
Ma0e "(e !ina, #p)'
Q T(i$ %eading &a$ "a0en !%#. UA6 D#-.en" 3=>: 6%a"ia, Spei!ia"i#n$ ?%i"ing
2
