AP US History Chapter Outlines Amp Class Notes American History a Survey 12e by Alan Brinkley Ryan O'Shea

Page 24 American History: A Survey, 12th Ed. Outlines & Class Notes by Ryan O’Shea

colleges & universities 6 colleges by 1763 4/6 were founded by religious groups, but influenced greatly by Enlightenment Harvard est. by General Court of Massachusetts  John Harvard - Charlestown minister 1st American college 1636 William & Mary College named for English king and queen 1693 Yale founded by Congregationalists dissatisfied by Harvard's liberalism 1701 Princeton (College of New Jersey) arose out of Great Awakening  Jonathan Edwards was one of early presidents presiden ts 1746 offered liberal education Harvard tried to disseminated new scientific (Copernican solar system) to the public via almanacs Columbia (King's College) (1754) no theological faculty interdenominational from the start University of Pennsylvania (Academy and College of Philadelphia) (1755) offered utilitarian courses 1st Medical school founders influenced by Ben Franklin The Spread of Science o many colleges had chairs of natural sciences, introduced some advanced scientific theories of Europe o leading merchants, planters, and theologians became corresponding members of the Royal Society of London Ben Franklin proved lightning in 1752 Smallpox vaccine Cotton Mather (theologian) heard about vaccines, encouraged them during epidemic 1720s proved successful  Jonathan Edwards also supported vaccines Concepts of Law & Politics o believed they were recreating the Old World in the New o but created something very different o scarcity of English-trained lawyers o court system was similar to British rights like trial by jury translated well but people didn't want to kill or maim potential workers, so punishments became less severe crimes redefined Andrew Hamilton, lawyer, argued for John Zengel argued and won: criticisms of public officials were not libelous if factually true o law seen as something natural or divine, and not expression of the power of an earthly sovereign o Political System colonies created their own group of institutions that in reality gave them a large measure of selfgovernment colonial assemblies exercised powers of Parliament in England limited power of Governors o

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