PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0
BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN SEKOLAH KLUSTER KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
PERFECT SCORE BIOLOGY
2010
MODULE Form 5 Teacher Teach er’s ’s Copy C opy DISEDIAKAN OLEH: 1. Puan Hasimah binti Azit - Sekolah Seri Seri Puteri, Cyberjaya
2. Puan Tuan Norma binti Tuan Yaacob SMS Alam Shah 3. Encik Meli bin Hussin SMS Kuala Terengganu
PAPER 3
1
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 Question 1 Answer all quest ions.
1. A group of students carried out an experiment to study the effect of temperature to rate of plant transpiration. Diagram 1.1(a) shows a set-up apparatus used in this experiment. The apparatus are prepared and carry out in laboratory temperature of 30 ᴼC. The whole were repeated placing the set-up apparatus in different temperatures.
Ai r bubbles
Air bubbles
Diagram 1 (b) shows the position of the air bubble at the initial of the experiment. 2
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 Table 1.1 shows the reading of temperature and location of air bubble in the tube of potometers after 5 minutes.
Thermometers
The location of air bubbles in tube (X) of potometer after 5 minutes
3
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 Table 1.1
(a) Complete the Table 1.1 by recording recording the temperature temperature and the final position of air bubbles bubbles [3 marks]
(b) (i)
Based on table 1.1 state two observations on the relationship between the temperature and distance of air bubble travel in 5 minutes. 1. ..
2. ..
[3 marks]
(ii) State the inferences which corresponds to the observations in 1 (a)(i) 1. ..
2. ..
[3 marks]
4
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 (c) Base on this experiment, experiment, complete the Table Table 1.2 Variables
Method to handle the variable
Manipulated variable
Responding variable
Controls variable
[3 marks]
Table 1.2 (d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.
[3 marks]
5
PERFECT PERFE CT SCORE SC ORE BIOLOGY BIO LOGY2010 2010 (e)
The following following list is part part of the the appa apparatus ratus and mate material rial used used in this this experi experiment ment.. Thermometer, stop watch, ruler, capillary tube, plant leaves, water Complete Table 1.3 by matching each variable with the apparatus and material used in this experiment. Variable
Apparatus
material
Manipulated
Responding
Controlled Table 1.3 [3 marks]
(f) (i) Base on the Table 1.1, construct the table and record the results of this experiment which includes following aspects: :
Temperature ( oC) The distance of air bubble moved (cm) Rate of transpiration (cm/minute)
[3 marks]
6
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 (ii) On the graph paper provided, draw a graph of rate of transpiration against the temperature. [3 marks]
7
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 (iii) Based on on the graph, graph, state state the relationsh relationship ip between between the rate of transpiration transpiration and the temperature Explain your answer.
[3 marks]
(g) Based on experiment, define operationally what the ‘transpiration’ ‘transpirati on’ is.
[3 marks]
(g) In another experiment, the apparatus apparatus is located under the bright sun shine. Predict the observation and explain your prediction.
[3 marks]
8
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 Question 1
1(a) Score 3
Explanation Able to record three readings of temperature and the distance movement of air bubble in the potometer correctly. 20 oC = 4.5 cm + 0.5 30 oC = 5.0 cm + 0.5 40 oC = 9.0 cm+ 0.5
1(b) (i) Score 3
1(b) (ii) Score 3
Explanation Able to state two correct observations based on experiment. Sample An Answer:(either 2) 2): 1. The air bubble moves from 0 cm to 4.5 cm at the temperature 20 oC. 2 . The air bubble bubble moves from 0 cm to 5.0 cm at the temperature 30 oC. 3 . The air bubble moves from 0 cm to 9.0 cm at the temperature 40 oC. 4. The air bubble bubble moves under temperature 40 oC is more than under temperature 30oC Explanation Able Able to sta state two two rea reaso sona nabl blee in infere ferenc nces es for for the the obse observ rvaation tion.. Sample answer: 1. The water molecules evaporate evaporate from surface of the leaves leaves /rate of transpiration is slow in cooler environment. 2. The water molecules evaporate evaporate from surface of the leaves leaves rapidly /rate of the transpiration is high under warm environment.. 3. The water molecules evaporate evaporate faster in warmer condition compare to cooler condition.
1(c) (i) Score
3
Explanation Able to state all the variables and the method to handle variable correctly (√) for each variable and method Variable Manipulated Variable Temperature Responding Variable The distance of air bubble / Rate of transpiration
Method to handle The potometer is put under different temperature Measure and record the distance by using the ruler. Calculate rate of transpiration using formula: distance/time
Controlled variable Humidity / Light intensity / numb number er of leav leaves es// typ typee ooff pla plant nt
Experiment is carried out in the same room/ use same number of leaves that is 5 leaves / use use same same type type of hibi hibisc scus us plan plantt in in aallll experiment
9
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 1(d) Score 3
Explanation Able Able to to sta state te the the hyp hypot othe hesi siss cor corre rect ctly ly base basedd oonn the the foll follow owin ingg ccri rite teri ria: a: P1 - State the temperature. P2 - State rate of transpiration / the distance of air bubble move R - State the relationship between P1 and P2. The higher the temperature the higher the rate of transpiration/ the further/longer the movement of air bubble.
1(e) Score 3
Explanation Able to match the apparatus and material used to obtain data for the three variables correctly. Variable Manipulated Responding Controls
1(f)(i) Score 3
Apparatus Thermometer stop watch Ruler capillary tube Stop watch capillary tube
Material plant leaves water
Explanation Able to construct a table and record the result of the experiment with the following criteria: C - Complete Complete column column and and row with correct correct labels labels D - Transfer all data correctly. (√) T - Calculate the rate of transpiration (distance/minute) (√) Temperature ( 0C) 20 30 30
1(f)(ii) Score 3
Distance of air bubble (cm) 4.5 5.0 9.0
Rate of transpiration (cm/min) 0.9 1.0 1.8
Explanation Able to draw a graph of rate of transpiration against the temperature.. Axis Axis (A) (A) - both axis xis are lab labelle lled an uniform form sca scales, ind independe ndent variable on horizontal axis. (√) Point (P) - All points are correctly plotted. (√) Shape(S) - All points are connected smoothly (√).
10
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 1(f)(iii) Score 3
Explanation Able to answer with the following aspects: the relationship between rate of transpiration and the temperature reason 1 - higher temperature, more water vapour evaporate from the leaf reason 2 - more water absorb by the plant from capillary.
1(g) Score 3
Explanation Able Able to to sta state te the the ddef efin inititio ionn ooff tran transp spir irat atio ionn op oper erat atio iona nalllly, y, com compl plet etee aand nd corre correct ct,, based on the following criteria. P1 - water vapour loss from the leaves P2 - causing the movement of air bubble in the capillary tube P3 - the factor that affect on transpiration. The transpiration is the loss of water vapour from the leaves causing the movement of air bubble in the capillary tube that affected by the temperature.
1(h) Score 3
Explanation Able Able to pred predic ictt cor corre rect ctly ly and and exp expla lain in the the pre predi dict ctio ionn bbas ased ed on the the fol follo lowi wing ng item item:: P1 - the distance of air bubble. P2 - the transpiration rate P3 - higher temperature and higher light intensity. The distance of the air bubble is further/more than 9 cm because the transpiration rate is higher due to a higher temperature and higher light intensity.
11
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 Question 2:
An experiment is carried out by a group of student to study the effect of different concentrations of salt solution on the volume of urine produced. Three boys with same body weight and age are selected. They were not allowed to drink any water or taken any food in two hours before experiment and they were asked to empty their bladder before starting the experiment. The students were given three different types of solution to drink as shown in Table 1.1 Student A B C
Type of solution 300 ml mineral water 300 ml of 5 % sodium chloride solution. 300 ml of 10% sodium chloride solution. Table 1.1
Urine samples of each student were taken after an hour is shown in Table 1.2 Student
A
B
C
Volume of urine produced /ml Table 1.2 12
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 (a) Record the volume of urine produced by each each student in Table 12. [3 marks] (b)
(i) Based on Table 1.3 state two observations on the volume of urine produced. 1. ..
2. ..
[3 marks] (ii) State the inference which corresponds to the observations in 1 (a)(i) 1. ..
2. ..
(c)
Complete the Table 1.3 base on the experiment that was carried out.
Variables
[3 marks]
Method to handle the variable
Manipulated variable
Responding variable
Controlled variable
Table 1.3
[3 marks] 13
PERF PE RFECT ECT SCOR S CORE E BIOLO BIO LOGY GY2010 20 10 (d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.
[3 marks] (e) (i) Base Base oonn the Table Table 1.3, 1.3, cons constru truct ct th thee ta table ble and and reco record rd the the result resultss of this this expe experim rimen entt which includes the following aspects:
Concentration of sodium chloride solution. Volume of urine collected Water reabsorbed in kidney.
[Water reabsorbed in the kidney = volume of solution intake - volume of urine collected]
14
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 [3 marks] (ii) On the the graph graph paper provided, draw the graph of water reabsorbed by kidneys against the concentration of sodium chloride solution. [3 marks]
15
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 (iii) State the relationship between water reabsorbed by kidneys and the concentration of sodium chloride solution based on the graph in 1(e)(ii). Explain your answer.
[3 marks] (f) Based on this experiment, give operation definition of of osmoregulation.
[3 marks] (g) In another experiment, student A was asked to drink 300 ml of water and sit in the air condition room for an hour. Predict the volume of urine he will produced. Explain your prediction.
[3 marks] (h)
The following following list is part of the apparatus and material used used in this experiment. experiment. Stopwatch, Sodium chloride solution, solution, Beaker, Beaker, measuring cylinder , Mineral water, Urine Complete Table 1.6 by matching each variable with the apparatus and material used in this experiment. Variable
Apparatus
Material
Manipulated Responding Controlled Table 1.4 [3 marks]
16
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 Marking scheme
1 (a) Score 3 1(b) (i) Score 3
1(b) (ii) Score 3
1(c) Score 3
Explanation Able to record three reading with unit correctly. 0 % sodium chloride - 200 ml. 2.5% 2.5% sodi sodium um chlo chlori ride de - 160 160 ml. ml. 5.0 5.0 % sodi sodium um chlo chlori ride de - 100 100 ml. ml. Explanation Able to state two correct observations based on following criteria. 1. The volume of urine collection for student who drank mineral water is 200 ml. 2. The volume of urine collection for student student who drank 2.5 % sodium chloride solution is 160 ml. 3. The volume of of urine collection for student who drank 200ml of 5.0 % sodium chloride solution is less than the urine produces by student who drank 200 ml of mineral wall Explanation Able to state two reasonable inferences for the observation. 1. The higher of urine urine produce because less amount of water was reabsorbed into the blood caused by the hypotonic solution. 2. The less of urine produce because more water was reabsorbed into the blood caused by the hypertonic solution that the student drank. 3. Most amount of water reabsorb into the blood caused by the hypertonic solution, the volume of urine is less than the hypotonic solution Explanation Able to state the variable and the method to handle variable correctly (√) for each variable and method Variable Manipulated Variable Concentration of of so sodium chloride
Method to handle Used di different co concentration of of so sodium chloride.
Responding Variable Volume of urine produce
Measured and record the volume of urine using measuring cylinder
Controlled variable Volume of solution drink by student
Each of the student drink 300 ml of solution
17
PERFECT SCORE BIOLOGY2010 BIOLOGY2010 1(d) Score 3
Explanation Able to state the hypothesis correctly based on the following criteria: P1 (manipulated) - State the concentration of sodium chloride. P2 (responding) - State the volume of urine collection/ volume of water reabsorb. R - State the relationship between P1 and P2. The higher the concentration of sodium chloride, the volume of urine produce is lower/ more water is reabsorb by kidney
1(e)(i) Score 3
Explanation Able to construct a table and record the result of the experiment which the following criteria:
Table with correct titles and unit. Transfer all data correctly calculate all the value of water absorbed absorbed by kidney kidney Volume of
Concentrate of sodium chloride (%) 0% 2.5 % 5.0 %
sample drinking water (cm3)
The volume of
300 300 300
water (cm3) 200 160 100
urine after drinking test
Water reabsorb by kidney (cm3) 100 140 200
1(e)(ii) Score 3
1(e)(iii) Score
Explanation Able Able to draw draw the the gra graph ph for for rel relat atio ions nshi hipp bet betwe ween en the the con conce cent ntra ratition on of sodi sodium um chloride and the volume of water reabsorb P1 - Correct axis with suitable scale P2 - Correct transfer of data P3 - Smooth curve (√)
Explanation Able to explain the relationship r elationship between the concentration concentration of sodium chloride 3 solution and the water reabsorbed based on the following criteria: P1 : the higher the concentration, the higher water reabsorb by kidney P2: osmotic pressure of blood increase P3: more water needed to low/dilute the blood// less water secreted Sample answer:
18
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 The higher the concentration of sodium chloride solution, more water reabsorbed by the kidney. The osmotic pressure/ blood concentration is higher/increase, more water is needed to dilute the blood.
1(f) Score 3
Explanation Able Able to stat statee the the def defin inititio ionn of of osm osmor oreg egul ulat atio ionn ope opera ratition onal ally ly,, bas based ed on the the following criteria. P1 - amount of water absorb P2 - volume of urine produced P3 - affected by concentration of drinking solution Osmoregulation is the regulation of volume of water reabsorb that showed by volume of urine output/ secreted affected by concentration of salt solution.
1 (g)
Score 3
Explanation Able Able to predic edictt an and ex explain ain ba based sed on on th the cr crite iteria ria: P1: prediction of volume ( more than 200 ml) P2: less reabsorbed by the body P3: cool temperature, less sweat produce, less water is needed by the body Sample answer: The volume produced is 230 ml (any value more than 200 ml), in cool condition less sweat produced by the body, less water needed by the body/ osmotic pressure of the blood is not high, less water reabsorbed and more urine produced.
1(h)
Score
Explanation Answer; Variable Manipulated
Responding Controlling
Apparatus Measuring cylinder Measuring cylinder Beaker Stopwatch Measuring cylinder
Material Sodium ch chloride so solution Urine Urine Urine Mineral water
19
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 Question 3.
Xylem vessel is adapted to transport the water from soil to the leaves. Xylem vessel is a long continues tube with lignified wall. Water from the root is pushed by root pressure into the xylem vessel. An experiment is carried out by a group of student to study the effect of root pressure on the water transport in the plant. Two healthy potted balsam plants are used. The shoot is cut off, leaving 5 cm of main stem above the soil. Rubber tubing is fit to the cut end and a glass tube is inserted to it. The apparatus is clamped to a retort stand as shown in The other plant is prepared as above but all the roots are removed. 2 ml of coloured water is added to the capillary tube and the initial level of water is marked. Capillary tube
Ruler Retort stand
Pot
Diagram 1.1
20
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 After 2 days, the final level of water column in capillary tube t ube is observed as shown in Diagram 1.2 Stem with roots
Initial level:
Final level:
……… cm
……… cm
Stem without roots
Final level:
Initial level:
……… cm
……… cm
21
Diagram 1.2
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 (a) (b)
Record the initial and final volume of water column in capillary tubes Diagram 1.2. (i) State two observations based on the experiment.
[3 marks]
1. ..
2. ..
(ii) State the inference which corresponds to the observations in 1 (a)(i)
[3 marks]
1. ..
2. .. [3 marks] (c)
Complete the Table 1.1 base on the experiment that was carried out. Variables
Method to handle the variable
Manipulated variable
Responding variable
Controlled variable
22
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 [3 marks]
TABLE 1.1 (d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.
[3 marks]
(e) (i) Base Base oonn the Table Table 1.1, 1.1, cons constru truct ct th thee ta table ble and and reco record rd the the result resultss of this this expe experim rimen entt which includes the following aspects: Condition of the stem (With root. Without root) Initial height of water Final height of water Increment in height
[3 marks]
23
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 (ii) On the graph paper provided, draw a bar chart to show the increment of water and stem condition. [3 marks]
24
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 (iii) State the relationship between stem condition and increment of water in capillary tube. Explain your answer.
[3 marks] (f) Based on this experiment, define operationally root pressure.
[3 marks] (g)
In another experiment, the same type of plant with more roots is used. Predict the increment of water. Explain your prediction..
[3 marks] (h) List all apparatus and materials used in this experiment in Table 1.2
Apparatus
Material
TABLE 1.2 25
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 Question 3
(a) Score 3
(b) (i) Score 3
(b) (ii) Score 3
Explanation Able to record 4 readings of height of water correctly. Stem with roots Without roots
Initial 3 3
Able to state two correct observations
Final 9 3.5 Explanation
Sample answer: 1. The stem with roots has 9 cm of of final height of water in capillary tube 2. The stem without roots has 3.5 cm of of final height of water in capillary tube 3. The stem with roots has higher final height height of water in capillary tube compare to the stem without roots
Explanation Able Able to sta state two two rea reaso sona nabl blee in infere ferenc nces es for for the the obse observ rvaation tion.. Sample answer: 1. Roots able to absorb more water and push the water into the stem stem (xylem) 2. No roots, less water absorb by the stem, and and less water enter the stem 3. Stem with roots has more water absorbed into it, compare to without it.
(c) (i) Score
3
Explanation Able to state all the variables and the method to handle variable correctly (√) for each variable and method Variable Manipulated Variable Present of root
Method to handle The experiment is carry out with stem with roots and stem without roots
Responding Variable The height of wate waterr column lumn in capillary tube Controlled variable Time
Measure and record the height o water colum umnn by usin sing the the rule ruler. r. Both observations are done after 2 days.
26
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 1(d) Score 3
Explanation Able Able to to sta state te the the hyp hypot othe hesi siss cor corre rect ctly ly base basedd oonn the the foll follow owin ingg ccri rite teri ria: a: P1 - stem with roots. P2 - height of water column in capillary tube R - State the relationship between P1 and P2. The stem with root has the higher height of water column in capillary tube compare to stem without roots.
1(e)(i) Score 3
Explanation Able to construct a table and record the result of the experiment which the following criteria:
Table with correct titles and unit. Transfer all data correctly Calculate the increment of water
Condition of the stem With roots Without roots 1(e)(ii) Score 3
1(e)(iii) Score 3
Initial height of water (cm) 3 3
Final height of water(cm) 9 3.5
Increment in height (cm) 6 0.5
Explanation Able to draw a bar chart based on: on: Axis Axis (A) (A) - both axis xis are lab labelle lled an uniform form sca scales, ind independe ndent variable on horizontal axis. (√) Point (P) - All points are correctly transfer (√) Shape(S) - two bar separated (√).
Explanation Able to answer with the following aspects: the relationship between present of roots and increment of water reason 1 - water is absorbed by roots reason 2 - water is push into the stem by root pressure
sample answer: Stem with roots has higher increment of water, water is absorbed by roots from the soil and the water is push into the stem by root pressure.
27
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 1(f) Score 3
Explanation Able Able to to sta state te the the ddef efin inititio ionn ooff root root pres pressu sure re oper operat atio iona nalllly, y, bas based ed on the the fol follo lowi wing ng criteria. P1 - water increase in the capillary/stem P2 - cause cause by water water pressu pressure re into into the the stem stem P3 - from the roots of the plant The root pressure is the increment height of water column in the capillary tube caused by pressure of the water from the roots of the plant.
1(g) Score 3
Explanation Able Able to pred predic ictt cor corre rect ctly ly and and exp expla lain in the the pre predi dict ctio ionn bbas ased ed on the the fol follo lowi wing ng item item:: P1 - the increment of height is more than 6 cm P2 - more water absorbed by the root P3 - more pressure to push the water into the stem of the plant. The increment of water column height is 7 cm/ more than 6. When the stem has more roots, more water is absorbed into the stem, more pressure to push the water up the capillary tube. .
1(h) Score 3
Explanation Apparatus
Material
Capillary tube Retort stand Ruler Pot and soil
Stem Water
28
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 Designing experiment
1. In human body, body, homeostasis homeostasis is the maintenance maintenance process of internal internal environment. environment. When a change occurs in the body, such as drinking a lot of water, the homeostasis mechanism will regulate the changes back to normal condition. Based on the above information, design an experiment to investigate the effect of volume of water drink to the urine production. You can use the common chemicals and scientific apparatus that can be found in the laboratory. Your report should include:
Problem statement
Variables
Hypothesis
Apparatus and materials
Procedures
How data is communicated [17 marks]
Answer:
Problem statement What is the effect of drinking of different amount of water to the volume of urine produce? [3marks]
Variables Manipulate: volume of water Responding: volume of urine Fixed: time/ gender/age/sex [3 marks]
Hypothesis : The more amount water is drunk; the more volume of urine produced. [3 marks]
Apparatus and materials Students, plain water, urine, measuring cylinder, paper cups. [3 marks]
Procedures 1. Select 12 male male students at same body size and age, age, and divide them into 4 groups that is A,B,C and D. [K2, K1] 2. The students have to empty their bladder before experiment. [K5]
29
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 3. Group A students are given 100 ml of plain water to drink [K1,K4] Group B students are given 400 ml of plain water to drink Group C students are given 600 ml of plain water to drink Group D students are given 1000 ml of plain water to drink
4. After 30 minutes, collect the urine urine they produced and measure the volume of the urine. [K1, K 3] 5. After 45 minutes, minutes, collect the urine urine again and measure. measure. Total the amount amount of urine produced by each student. [K1.K3] 6. Record all readings in the table. [K1] [All 5 K = 3 marks 3-4K = 2 marks
2K= 1 marks 1K= 0 marks]
How data is communicated
Group
A
Volume of water taken /ml 100
B
400
C
600
D
1000
1
Volume of urine produced/ml 2 3
Average volume of urine /ml
[2 marks]
30
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 2. Transpiration Transpirati on is a process where a plant loses water by evaporation through the leaves. There are many factors affecting the rate of water lost from the plant. Air movement is one of the factors that affect the rate of transpiration. Based on the above statement, plan an experiment to investigate the effects of air movement on the loss of water in a named plant. The planning of your experiment must include the following aspects:
Problem statement
Hypothesis
Variables
List of apparatus and materials Experimental procedure or method
Presentation of data
Answer:
Problem statement What is the effect of air movement on the rate of transpiration? (3m)
Hypothesis The higher the speed of air movement, the higher the rate of transpiration. (3m)
Variables Manipula Manipulated ted : Speed of the the wind or air air movement movement Respondi Responding ng : Rate of transpi transpirati ration on / The time taken taken for air air bubble bubble to move move in a distance from X to Y. Fixe Fixed d
: Roo Room tem temper perature ture / lilight inte intens nsiity / hum humidity ity / type ype of of pl plant ant [3m]
List of apparatus and materials Leafy shoot of hibiscus hibiscus plant, plant, simple simple hotometer, hotometer, knife, 250 ml beaker, beaker, retort stand, stopwatch, ruler, basin, tissue paper, Vaseline and fan. [3m] Experimental procedure or method
1. Cut a freshly cut leafy shoot of a hibiscus plant in a basin of water. K1 2. Place a simple potometer potometer inside the basin of water. K1 3. Fit the shoot into into the rubber tube tube of the potometer tightly tightly and hold the the shoot and the potometer upright using a retort stand. K5 4. Dry the leaves and the stem of the shoot shoot with a piece of cloth. 5. Apply Vaseline to all the connections to prevent any leakage. K5
31
PERFEC PER FECT T SCORE SC ORE BIOLOG BIO LOGY Y2010 201 0 5. Allow an air bubble bubble to enter the the capillary capillary tube of potometer potometer and trapped it. K1 6. Mark Mark the initia initiall posit position ion of air air bubb bubble le as X. Mark Mark anot another her point, point, Y, Y, which which distance of 5 cm from X.K1 7. Place the potometer at 1 m away from the fan. Switch on the fan at a low speed. K1 8. Record the time taken for the air bubble to move from X to Y in the table. K3 9. Remove Remove the air bubble from from the capillary capillary tube and repeat repeat the experiment experiment to obtain another reading. K5 10. Repeat step 4 to 9 by switching on the fan at the medium speed for set Q and the high speed for set R. K4 11. All experim experiment ent is done done in the same same room room that have have same same light intens intensity ity and same temperature. K2 12. Record all the readings obtained from the experiment in a table and calculate the rate of transpiration. K1 All 5K = 3m
Presentation of data Set
The speed of fan
P
Low
Q
Medium
R
High
Time taken for the air bubble to move from X to Y /s 1 2 Average
Rate of transpiration /cm s-1
[2m]
32
