16. CoMpUTERs AND THE INTERNET sparsely populated area [spo:sli 'popjulertid ,earie] - ritkán lakott terület distance education [Urstans ,ed3rlkerJn] - távoktatás
reason is that there are a lot of students, especially in Iittle villages and small country towns, who don't have
computers and lnternet access at home, so they can use the lnternet only at school.
virtual ['vs:tjuel] - virtuális interactive [,Inter'rktrv] - i ntera ktív provide [pre'vard] - nyrijt valamit, biztosít valamit
National Currículum [,nreJnel ke'rrkjelem] - Nemzeti
source [sc:s] - forrás
Ala pta nte rv
material [nrdtreriel] - anyag environrnental [n,vatron'nrentl] - kornyezeti
essential [rtsenJl] - elengedhetetlen element ['eltnrent] - elem, rész
desígn [dlzarn] - tervezés, alkotás
entertainment?
The lnternet can be used for severat types of
hours a day do you use the tnternet? Yes, l do. l use it every day. First of all, l check my emails twice a day, then l chat with my friends and quite regularly l also search for some information that l need for my homework. sometimes ! play online games and l read interesting things about my favourite rock musicians. All in all l use the lnternet for about 2 hours every evening.
a)
entertainment. you can download and watch all kinds of films or videos; you don't have to go to the cinema or a video shop any more. you can atso tisten to music
on the lnternet; there are severat websites that offer free music you can download and listen to. Another kind of entertainment is playing ontine games; more
and more people join game-sites and play on a regular basis. You can also find public libraries online, so if you want to read a good book, you just have to download its online version and you can nead it on your computer at once.
b)
search for [ss:tJJ - keres valamit musician [mjuizrjn] - zenész more precisely [prtsarsliJ - pontosabban
entertainment [,entdternment] - szórakozás joín [dprn] - csatlakozik, belép on a regular basis ['regjelo*J
-
rendszeresen
computer technalogy and the !nternet? ln my opinion, computer technotogy and the lnternet mean a great revolution in our lives. wlth the help of these things we can easiIy get any kind of information in no time. Everybody and everything can be reached very quickly and our lives have become quicker. A lot of people use these things for shopping, banking, doing business, communication, booking holidays or tickets, listening to music, watching films, learning several things or even for work: teleworking is getting more and more popular. so they have made it less complicated for us to do almost everything from our homes"
ímprove [tnrtpru:v] * fejl dik revolution [,reve'lu:JnJ - gyokeres áta!akulás, forradalom
in no tirne [tn 'neu tarm] - pillanatok alatt, rogton reach [ri:tJJ - elérni book [bok] - lefoglalni vatamit
teleworking [-teliwa:krr3] - távmun ka complicated ['komphkeltrd] - bonyolult
have lnternet access? Why? yes, it is very important. As computer studies is part of the Hungarian National curriculum, every student in Hungary studies information technotogy. using the lnternet is an essentialelement of this subject. Another
No, l don't. More precisely, I can't, because we don't have lnternet access at home, so lcan use it only at school or at my friends'.
a)
b)
!f l remember well, l first used it when l was 10 years old and my father showed me an interesting website about my favourite football team. since then l have used it every week.
l was in the 5'h form at primary schoot and we learnt about it in the computer studies lesson. That was the first time, lthink. íf l remember well [rfmemba*J - ha jól emlékszem in the sth form [fc:mJ dikes
- t
a)
l'm really into basketball, so the one l Iike the most is
my favourite team's website.
b) l
can't mention only one website, because
l
have
8ot a lot of favourite ones. For example l browse my favourite actor's website every day, l also like social networking websites where t can find and get in touch
with my former schoolmates and friends and l can send messages to them. t realty like playing ontine
games, so my favourite websites inciude some games sites as well. be into sth ['rntu:J - érdekli valami, bolondul valamiért mention ['menJnJ - említ socíal networking website [,seofl 'netwg:klr:] - internetes
kozosségi olda get Ín touch lget ln 'tntfl - felveszi a kapcsolatot vatakivel former ['fc:mo*] - régi, egykori I
schoolmate ['sku:lmett] - iskolatá rs
131
16. CorupuTEns AND THe IrurrRNET real_time [,ri:el'talm] - valós
a)
lvisit the sites of my email services every day and l use some chat-rooms regularly.
b)
As l play my favourite game every afternoon, lvisit its website the most often. l also check my emails every
a)
b)
g
based on ['berst on] as if [oz lf,]
Yes,
-
-
one, l often visit their website, Sometimes l can find the information l need only in English, so l have to visit English websites. Not very often: only when our English teacher gives us some homework that we need English websites for. l prefer H ungarian websites.
ben párhuzamosan
alapul valamin
mintha
engage in [rrtgerd3 rn]
ldo. As my favourite football team is an English
id
predator ['predata*] - ragadozó
-
bevon valakit valamibe
face-to-face [,fers to 'fers] - szemt l szembe
szoba, chatszoba
surfing?
ben,
typed [talpt] - gépelt
day.
chat-room ['tJaet ru:rn] - cseve
id
voice [vcls] - hang conversation [,konvo'se{n] - beszélgetés
a)
do you use and who do you talk to? No, never. l prefer emails and text messages. Anywtly, my parents would be very angry with me if l used
chat_rooms,
as they think online chatting is very
dangerous.
b)
Yes, l do, every day. My school has got its own chatroom; l use it for chatting with my classmates and schoolmates and lalso use the chat-roorn of my
favourite basketball team, where we can talk about the players and the matches.
Do you take advantgge of this?
First of all, our course book has some online student sites, where we can find a lot of exercises and activities for the grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation points of our book and also some practical English exercises and games. l often use these after our lessons. There are some websites designed especially for language
learners that can be used for several thiflgs, l(ke vocabulary building, grammar practice or preparing for different exams. l sometimes visit sorne of these websites, mainIy before tests at school. take advantage [terk ad'vo:ntid5] - kihasznál valamit pronu nciation [pre,nnnsi'etJn] - kiejtés mainly ['metnli] - f leg, leginkább
ihat rooms and ínstant messagíng? Why can these be dangerous íor you? Why should
you be careful about gívíngout personal ínformation to people that you meet ín chat-rooms?
Chat rooms are websites on the lnternet, where people who are online can communicate with each other real_tirne, either by sending text messages to each other or by text messages and voice as well. lnstant messaging is also a real-time conversation between two or more people, but it is always based on typed texts. They can be dangerous because there are some older people online who join teenage chat
rooms as if they were teenagers themselves and try to get sCIme personal information from them, such as ernail addresses, phone numbers, schools or home addresses. There are also some adult 'predators' who try to engage teenagers in online sex. Some of them even invite thern to a face-to-face meeting. instant ['mstent] - azonnali, rogton elérhet communicate [ke'mjtt:nlkettJ - érintkezik, kommrrnikál
L32
good wdy íor people to communícate, First of all, you can send an email whenever you want to; you don't have to wait for the time that is convenient for the person you send the letter to. On the other hand, you can read your emails when you want to. lf you write
a letter, you can send it to several addresses and you don't have to write several copies of it: you can have a group mail. You can also ask for a feedback that your letter has been read. lt is fast and easy to use. You can also attach a document or some photos to your letter. You can read your letters later and you don't have to remember their contents for a long time. convenient [kartvi:niont] - alkalmas, megfelel feedback ['fi:dbrek] - visszaigazolás attach [altretJJ
-
csatol, mellékel
iÓ,me secufity íssues you must thínk about when you access the lnternet? When using the lnternet we must be very careful.
Security risks and dangers are changing very fast. There are some security issues we must think about; in my opinion the most important ones are the following: First of aIl, you must install an antivirus program and rLln it as often as possible to protect your computer. Secondly, you must also instaIl an anti-spyware software, run and update it regularly. Thirdly, use a browser that is safer than others. you must also be careful with your passwords: try to invent ones that are hard to guess, using both numbers and letters in them. Never tell anyone your password. When using your email never open an attachment in a letter from someone you don't know: they can easily carry viruses to infect your computer. When using any websites that
15. CoMPUTER AND THE INTERIuET need a log-in and a password don't forget that just
closing your browser is not enough: atways log off. security [stkjoerati] - biztonsági issue ['rJu:] - kérdés, térna rísk [rrsk] - veszély, kockázat ínstall [n'stc:l] - te!epít antívirus [,ienti'vatares] - vírusi rtó protect [pro'tekt] - megvéd spyware ['spatwee*] - kémszoftver browser [tbracrze*!- bongész program pa sword ['pc:sws:d] - jelszó guess lgesJ - kitalál attachment [dtaetfnrent] - csatolt ir.at, melléklet spam [sprpnr] - elektronikus reklámanyag, h!rdetés infect Fn'fekt] - megfert z
log ín [,log'rn] - bejelentkezni log out [,logtaotJ - kijelentkezni
protect our computers from beíng infected? A computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself and infect your computer" lt can cause great harm to the data stored on the computer, and it can slow dgwn the functions, it can even delete or change files. These viruses work without the permission of the use[ they are usualíy downíoaded to your pc without you knowing about them, and they are very difficult
to get rid of. To protect our computer frorn being
infected, we must insta!! an antivirus program, run it as often as possible and update it at ieast monthty. copy ["kopi]
-
másol
cau e[kc:z] -okoz
harm [hu:m] - kár data [Uelte] - adatok store [stc:*] - tárol
delete [drli:t] - torol permíssion Ipa*rnlJn] - engedély
get rid of [get 'rtd vJ megszabadulni valamit at least [afli:st] - legalább
a)
l
lnternet?
yes, t have. sometimes l order some books or cDs online, because it is easier and faster and
usually cheaper for me than going to several different shops.
b) our
family often shops online, becau e my father
hates shopping very much and both my parents work a lot, so they just order almost everything online: for
example food, clothes, books and sports equipment, They even buy medicine oniine, because there are usually long queues at the chemist's shops.
order ['c:de*] - rendel several ['sevrel] - t bb, külonféle equ ipment [r'kwipnrent] - fe tsze re lés gueue [kju.] - sor
First and foremost, virtuat addicfion is the most serlous Problem that teenagers can face in connection with the lnternet. l've heard of dozens of teenagers who ould not cope with this problem. They are unable to stop visiting their favounite websites or playing their favourite online games and they become so interested in them that they sPend all their free time !n front of their computers" ln
more serious cases this situation leads to a state that they even bunk off. secondly, threatening pnivate life is another pnoblem the lnternet can create. Teenagers who join different chat-roorns can give their personal information to unknown people who may misuse ít. Thirdly, the lnternet creates opportunities to cheat and a lot of ycun8 people take a chance and copy whole texts from the Net and hand them in as their homework eSSaYS Or PrOjeCtS. Last but not least, there are some problems with copynight. Many pe'p|e download some music or films wlthout paying for them. This is itlegaí and they don't care about breaking the law, This problem is getting more aryd nRore serious nowaday , l think. dozen [YnznJ - tucat cope wíth [kaop wr J- megblrkózik valamivel unable [nrr'elblJ - képtelen state [stertJ - á!lapot bunk off [,bn4k'oil - lógni az isko!ából threaten [tOretn] - fenyeget cheat [tfi:t] - csalni take a chance fterk o "tJo:nsJ kockáztat eopyríght ['knpirart] * szerz i jog íllegal [r'li:glJ - torvénybe tjtkoz break the law [brerk a 'lcJ nneg'zegi a torvényt -
133
16. CorupUTERs AND THr IrurrRNET
process zor * processor ['prausese*]
ToPlc-BAsED MlNl DlcTloNARY
rendszerszámítógép - server ['ss:ve*] síkképerny s - flat-panel [tflret,prenl] szá mítógépes konfiguráció - confi guration [ken,figdretJn] számítógépes memória, RAM - RAM (random access memory}
zámítógépek - Cornputers [kem pj r,r:taz] 19 inch (t inch= 2,54 cm) - 19" (nineteen inches) [tntJ] ablak - window [twlndaoJ adatok - data ['delte] alka l mazás - a pplication [,repltkerJn] alkalmazást f uttat - run an application [,replrkerJn] asztali számítógép - desktop computer [,desktop kam pju:te*] behtiz
-
[rrem]
számítógépes periféria - peripherals [pdrlfarolz] számítógépes prompt, srjgó - prompt ['prompt] személyi számítógép - PC (personal computer) [,pi: 'si:J szkenner, képolvasó késztilék- scanner ['skrene*] szoftve r, számítógépes program - software ['softwea*J szovegszerkeszt - word processor ['ws:d,pretlsesa*] tárol - store [stc:*J telepít - instal! [rrtstc:l] torol - delete [drli:t] ujraindít - reboot [,riibu:tJ video memória - video RAM ['vldletr rremJ vírus - virus ['vatras]
drag [drreg]
besz rás - insert ['rnss:t]
bitlenty zet - keyboard ['ki:bc:d]
CD-ROM meghajtó - CD-ROM drive [,si: di: 'rDm drarv] digitális fényképez gép - digital camera [,drd3ttl'kaemare] DVD - DVD (digital versatile disk) [,di: vi: 'diN egér - mouse [macrsJ file, adatállomány - file [fail] floppy lemez - floppy disk [,flopiUrsk] folyadékkristályos kijelz - LCD {liquid crystal display) [,e1 si: Ui:] gorget felfelé/lefelé- scroll up/down ['skraul np/daun] gorget sáv - scroll bar ['skraol bo:*] grafikai kártya * graphics card ['grrefiks ko:dJ hálózat - network ['netws:k] hangkártya - ound card ['saund ko:dJ hangszóró * speaker ['spi:ke*] hardver, számítógépes berendezés * hardware ['ho:dwee*] hordozható számítógép - laptop computer [,lreptop kem pju:to*J ikon * icon ['alkon] lT, információtechnológia - lT (information technology} [,ar 'tiN
képerny * 5creen [skri:nJ kiválaszt - select [stlekt] kurzor
- cur
or ['ks:sa*J
lézernyomtató - laser printer ['letzetprrntet] másol - copy [tkopi] memória - memory ['memori] ment - save [setv] menti - menu ['menju:] merevlemez - hard disk [,ho:d'drskJ
modem - modem ['meodem] monitor - monitor [tmonlte*] multimédiás rendszer - multimedia systern [,
mnlti'mi
:die, slstom]
nyomtató - printer ['prrnta*] operációs rendszer - operating system ['oporeltt4,ststam] parancs - command [ke'mo:nd]
lnternet -the lnternet I t'tntenet] ttntenet] barangol/nézel dik a weben - surf the lnternet [ss:f t bejelentkezni - log in [,logtlnJ bongész - browse [braoz] earch engine [sa:tf 'end5rn] bongész , keres program bongész program - browser ['braozot] csatolt irat, melléklet - attachment [e'tretJmantJ cseveg szoba, chatszoba - chat-room l'tjaet ru:m] elektronikus reklámanyag, hirdetés - spam [sprem] hálózat:- ít twork ['netws:k] hiperlink - hyperlink ['halpahgk] hozzáférése van valamihez * access [-reksesJ internetes kozosségi oldal - social networking website [,sotlfl
-
:l:il#i:
liit}i!,
'n
jelszó kábel
twg:ktn]
-
password ['po:sws:d]
- cable
['kerblJ
kémszoftver - spyware ['spatwee*J keres valamit - search for [ss:tfJ kijelentkezni - log off [,logto|| letolt - download [,daorllor"ldJ megfert z- infect [Idf kt] rendszeresen frissít - keep sth updated [,nptertld] társalog - chat ttí.eü végfelhasználó - end-user [,endJu:ze*J vezeték nélkl,ili - wireless ['warelos] 'eU webcím - URL (Uniforrn Resource Locator) [Ju: webhely - website ['websart] weboldal - web page ['webperd3]
L34
-ffi,
W@KK
a)
do for a living? Where do does their work
W
your pare*r'.on[z-wi*
ffi ffi ffi ffi
involve?
MY father is an electrician and works for a big
companv.
MY mother is a secretary and works in un"oml"ii6'" works part-time. she answers the phone,
;;;;;;; ffi
Post' types letters, files documents and arranges
b)
meetings for her
boss.
ffi ffi ffi
TheY both have very good jobs. My mother runs
her trips ffi forcustomersandsellsair|ineticket'''i,-r'ir'.,.i''.ffi own travel agency, She arranges holidays and
c)
surgeon' He works at the local
hosPital,
cashier [ke'!e*]]-Penztaros - pénztáros
]il'it';rl'j]
price [praIs] - ár item ['artem] - cikk
collect[kdlekt]-átvesz
lilffl.t:illlt]-fizetség
!iu" .r,,rng"
i"nd
[.tJernd3]
- visszajárót
ou, [hrnd] - átad
ad
receiptlrrisi:tl-ilot
is a housewife. She runs our household "/' ', mother have a paíd job. ffi "radoesn't company' MY mother works as oi My mother works as an editor for a publishing suPermarket' She scans the 1 ffi .orp.ny, items into a Price 'of "'1:..,_:l She leaves home early and gets home ffi computer and then well
ffi
MY father's got a very good job with an insurance collects PaYment for the goods,
gives change and hands out
'llllir'n*
do for a living?
receipts.
- Mi
a foglalkozásuk?
foglal
lyo|v.e.tlriygrv]-magában electrician [,rIek.trrJen] - villanyszerel
ffi ffi Mib l ffi
cég 615rn6
company ['knmpeni] -
secretaryi'sekr.t.i1'office ['ofis]
-
iroda
dolgozik -
wort fart-time - részmunkaid ben answer the phone - felveszi a telefont post [per.lst]- posia
(tevetet) typeft.tlp] -gépel document [tokjr.rment] irat meeting [tmi:tr4] - találkozó boss [bos] - f ncik run-vezet own [ecrn] - saját :l?
L,:fi:I"t ri"j,erdsensiJ
-
utazásí
ffi
ffi ffi ffi
ffi
1i.,,i*
ooiig
a
o,clock. tt,s oifficuit to bring up children while full-time job.
housewife [traoswarfl - háztartásbeli
i:"l'ifi!!|il!ij;ro'-háztartás |1_1r
Farte*] - szerkeszt
*lT!l"a,':'pany brint up - felnevel
l'pablrJrrl,knmpeni]
ffi
ffi ffi ffi W
Hungary? works full-time they usually work forty
|r^;3meone nours a week.
ffi
iroda
W
ffi
G-tryl
ffi
;;;;;"
usually retire at the age of sixty-two.
refire [ritara*] - nyugdíjba megy
hospital['hosprtel]-kórház
Huigary?
surgeon ['ss:d3sn]
l
rrárvi
nyv)
full,time [ol] - teljes munkaid
:iliTlT[tt:#',il_-;il',,r,",#' ffi ffi - sebész --
local{terikaq
- kiadó (k
---
job[d3ob]-állás insurancecompany['rnJerans]-biztosító aransl_hizincí+Á
ffi -
ffi ffi ffi
toon't have any exact information on this, but lknow students from our school want to work
in.-i'rrn,
135
17. WoRK
in marketing, management or tourism and a lot of students want to become lawyers, economists or
p h
popular ['popjule*] - népszer career [kdrra*] - hivatás, életpálya exact [rg'ztekt] - pontos marketing ['nro:ketrj] - értékesítés management [tnrrentd3nrentJ - vezetés, irá nyítás tourism ['toartzarn] * idegenforga lom lawyer ['lcje*] - jogász
l
earn [s:n] - keres (pénzt) salary [tsrlari] - fizetés work flexitime [-fleksitarmJ
love animals,
do lgoz ik
especially horses. l think working with animals is highly rewarding. Last sumrner l worked as a stable girl.
l definitely don't want to work in an office. I think sitting behind a desk all day long is extremely borlng. |'m an outdoors person, so !'d rather work outside. |'d like to be either a rock climbing instructor or a skiing instructor. ln my opinion, they are exciting and challenging jobs. l love nature and l'd like to work in
b)
bea utifu l su rroundi ngs. l
c}
lgve travelling because
t
Gil
definitely [tefinetli] - hatá rozotta extremely [Ik'stri:m li] - rendkívri l
engíneer [,end3lnra*] - mérnok higher education ['hale*] - fels oktatás gain [getn] - szerez universíty [,ju:nl'v3:slti] - egyetemi degree [drgri:] - diploma special [tspeJel] - ktilonleges qu a l ifi cation [, kwolrfi'kerfnJ - vé gzettség primary school ['pratmeri] - általános iskola
an
boring ['bc:rrr3] - unalmas rather ['ra: e*] - inkább outsíde [,aot'sald] - a szabadban outdoors [,aut'd J:4 - kinti, szabad ég alatti rock climbing [trok klalmlq] - sziklamászás
ínstructor [lrfstrnkte*] - oktató skiing instructor ['ski:tr3 tn,strnkte*] - síoktató in my opinion [a'plnjen] - véleményem szerint
excítíng [lk'sirttt,]] - izgalmas challenging ['tfrelrndgn] - kihívást jelent nature ['nertJe*] - terrnészet urroundings [sdraondrqz] - kornyezet
136
vocational grammar school [vet-r'ke{enal] sza kkozé piskola
o) n
reqffi
education [,edjo'ke{en] - oktatás trainíng ['tretntq] - képzés require [rfkwaio*] - igényel, elvár
ffi
kl.i lo nosen highly [tlrarli] - igen nagyon rewarding [rlwc:drr3] - hálás stable ['sterbl] - istálló
What educatíon /trdíning is Q",,?
If you want to become an electrician you need special qualifications. After primary school you have to go to vocational secondary school
l don't know y t, but l'd like to have a job where l would enjoy going to work every day. l'd like to earn a high salary and work flexitime. l'd like to have a job which is interesting, creative and challenging and which is not repetitive.
especially [r'speJeli] -
rugalmas munkaid ben
b)
Egyptologist. l'd like to study ancient Egyptian history and cr,rlture: the Pyrarnids - the tombs of the pharaohs. l'd like to take part in excavations.
vet - állatorvos
-
To become an engineer you have to go on to higher education and gain a university degree.
about rny adventures.
e)
r
a)
enjoy learning about different
My dream is to become an archaeologist or
ri po rte
creative [kri'ertrv] - alkotó, otletes repetitive [rlpetetrv] - ismétl d
countries and cultures, meeting new people, trying exotic foods. |'d like to work a a photojournalist. l would travel the world and write articles and books d)
fotó
pharaoh ['fearou] - fáraó take part - részt vesz excavation [,ekskdverJn] - ásatás
pszichológus
l've always wanted to be a vet.
-
study [tstndi] - tanulmányoz ancient ['elnJent] - ókori pyramid ['prremld] - piramis tomb [tu:rn] - sír
be your dream job? a)
feu ter_r'd3s: nel rstJ
archaeologíst [,o:kfoled3rst] - régész Egyptologist [,i:d3rt'toled3rst] - egyiptológus
economist [r'konenrrst] - kozga zdász
-
[,
exotic [rg'zotlk] - egzotikus, krilonleges article ['o:tlkol] - cikk adventure [ad'ventJe*] - kaland
psych ologists.
psychologist [satkolad3rst]
otoj ou rna l ist
culture [tknltfe"tl - kultrjra
-
Haveyaueveihadasu íor students?
mast typícdl summer jobs
There are a lot of job opportunities for students in the summer. For example, we can hand out flyers, sell ice cream, pick fruit and vegetables, deliver newspapers, or work at fast food restaurants or in supermarkets. Last August l worked in a fruit-picking carnp at Lake Balaton. we picked apricots and peaches. we worked from 7 ta 3 and then we went down to the take. we had a good time and also earned some money.
b) l have never
had a paid job, but last summer I did some volunteer work. The woodland around our
town had become llttered and was used for dumping rubbish. The local council organized a volunteer team. large truckloads of rubbish"
we cleared up the rubbish. we collected five
]lrl]ill]iil||il
í.7. W$RK
c)
yes, lhave. Last summer t handed out flyers for a new café at the local shopping centre. l worked four hours a day. ltried to persuade passers-by to have a cup
what are the advantages and dísadvuntages of
of
coffee there. l liked this job. tt was never boring and met a lot of interesting people.
a)
l
opportunity [,ope'tju:neti] - lehet ség
sell - árusít
or a computer, having a surnnner job might be the
deliver [dt'ltva*] - kézbesít fast food restaurant [trestront] gyorsétterem -
fru it-pícking ['fru:tprk14]
-
b)
gytj mo lcssze d
camp [krenrp] - tábor apricot ['erprrkat] - sárgabarack peach [pi:tf]
-
working in the sumtner? They'd like to earn their own mCIney. A lot of students don't get enough pocket íTloney and if they are trylng to save up for something, for exampte, a new bike
solution.
The advantages of working in the summer are that you can earn a little extra pending money, and y0u
have a chance to gain real_world experience and work experience. you can also learn a little bit about fime and money management. The disadvantage is that YoU miss all of the surnmer fun _ you can,t meet your friends, you can't have a lie-in, you have to get up early even in the summer,
szibarack
volunteer [,volerr'tre*J - on kéntes woodland ['wcrdlendJ - erd s tertj tet littered [tlrtedJ - szemetes
dump [dnnrp] - lerak rubbish ['rnbrJ] - szemét council ['kaunse| - onkormányzat organíze [b:gen alz]- szervez team [ti:nrJ - csapat clear ['khe*] * eltakarít
advantage [od'va:ntrd3] -
el
ny
disadvantage [,dlsadtvo:nttd3] - hátrány pocket money ['poklt,mnni] zsebpénz -
enough F'nnfJ - elég save up [selv] - osszespórol for example [tgtzo:mpl] - például míght be [malt] - lehet solution [se'lur:JenJ - mego!dás spending money - kolt pénz chance [tJo:ns] - esély
collect [kdlekt] - osszegy jt truckload ['trnklot-rd] - teherautónyi hand out [hrend] - osztogat
flyer ['flata*] - szórólap
café [tkrefer] - kávéház persuade [pe'swerd] - meggy z passer-by [, po:se'bar] já ró ke l
real-world [,rtal'ws:ld] - va lóvi lág experience [tk'spterions] - ta paszta lat
-
l]:{,i:
management ['maenld3mant] - gazdá lkodás - kimarad have a lie-ín [,laflrr] - tovább rnarad az ágyban miss
r
]1
ii
L37
17. WoRK
ToPlc-BAsED MINl DlcTloNARY Munka - Work [ws:k]
adminisztratív administrafive [ecl'nrtntstrattv]
alkalmaz - employ [tntplc{ alkotó, otletes - creative [kri'ertrvJ állásinterj - job interview ['rntevju:] állásinterjrira hív - call so for an interview ["lntavjr.rN állásra jelentkezik - app|y for a job [a'plar] beadja a lemondását - hand in one's notice ['naotls] bér (heti, napi) - wage{s) ['werd3ltz| betegszabadságon van - be on sick leave ['slk li:v] cég - firm [fs:m] céges autó - connpany car [tknrnpeni] ebédjegy - luncheon voucher ['lnntJen,vat_rtJe*] egyhang , monoton - monotonous [nrdnotenas] éjszakai m szakban dolgozik - work on a night shift [ítft] elbocsát - fire [faro*] elbocsát (létszámleépítésmiatt) - make so redundant [rl'dnndent] elbocsátják - get the sack [srek] el léptet - promote [pre'nrecltJ el léptetési esélyek - chances of promotion [pre'nracrJonJ elveszti az állását - lose one's job [ltr:z] értekezletekre jár - attend meetings [dterrdJ fizetés - salary ['srcleri] fizetésemelés - pay rise [ralz] fizetésemelést ad - raise o's salary [rerz] fizetett szabadság - paid holidays ['hnhclerz] fizikai munka - manualjob ['nrrcnjrral] fizikai munkás - blue-collar worker ['kole*] foglalkozás - occu pation [,okju'perJen]
f
nok
-
boss [bos]
futószalagnál dolgozik * work at a conveyor belt [karr'vero,be lt] gyár - factory ['fiektari] iroda - office [-nfrs] irodai alkalrnazott * white-collar worker ['kole*]
ismétl d -repetitive[rfpetetrv] jelentkez - applicant ['inplrksnt]
jól fizetett - well-paid jovedelem * income ['rnknnrJ képesítésnélküli - unskilled [,nrr'skrld] képzett - skilled [sklldJ keres (pénzt) - earn [s:n] kezd fizetés * starting salary ['sreleri] kijon a fizetésébI - make ends meet kísérlevél - cover(ine} letter ['knvo*] kivesz egy szabadnapot - take a day off kolléga - colleague ['koli:g] kotott munkaid - fixed working hours ['fikst] kutatás - research [rfss:tJ] ktilon juttatás, prémium - bonus [tbecrnes] légkor - atmosphere ['tetnrasfra*] lemond - resign [rlzarn] magasabb végzettséget igényl foglalkozás, hivatás Ipre'fefn]
- working conditions [kant{anz] munkaadó - employer [rm plcre*] munkaid - working hours [aoaz] munkakozvetít - job centre ['senta*] rnunkamániás - workaholic [,ws:ke'holrk] munkanélktili - unemployed [,nntrn'plcld]
138
Foglalkozások - Jobs [d3nbz] ács, asztalos - carpenter ['ko:prnte*] ács, éptiletasztalos * joiner [td3rrna*J
adminisztrátor - clerk Iklo:k] agronómus - agriculturist [,iegrlknltJorlst] állatorvos - vet ápolón - nurse [ns:s] bányász - miner ['malne*] bejárón - charwoman ['tJo:,womon] bemondó - news reader ['nju:z,ri:do*J bemondó - news presenter ['nju:z prfzente*J bíró - judge [d3nd3] biztonsági r - security guard [stkjrrorati ga:d] borton r - prison officer ['prtzan,ofise*J edz * coach / trainer [keutf, 'tretns*] egyetemi oktató - lecturer ['lektÍgre*]
ékszeréz - jeweller ['d3u:ala*J
-
profession
mellékjuttatások - fringe benefits, perks ['frrnd3,bentflts, ps:ks] munka feltételek
munkanélktili segélyen van - be on the dole [decrl] munkanélktjliség - u nemployment [,nntrn'plcImant] munkavállaló - employee [rnfplcliN m szak - shift [íIfq nyugdtj - pension [penJn] nyugdíjba ktildik - be pensioned off ['penJand] nyugdíjba vonul - retire [rftale*] nyugdíjba vonulás - retirement [rftaranrent] osztály - department [di'pa:tnrsnt] onéletrajz - CV {curriculum vitae} [,silvi:, ka,rrkjulenr'vi:ta{ onkéntes - voluntary [tvolentri] pályaválasztási tanácsadó - careers office [ko'rrez] presztízs, elismertség - prestige [prdsti:3J referencia - reference ['refrans] részmunkaid s állás - part-time job [,pa:t'talrn] rosszul fizetett - low-paid [leo] rugalmas munkaid - flexible working hours ['flekslbel] rugalmas munkaid ben dolgozik - work flexitime ['fleksitarrn] szabadban dolgozik - work outdoors [,aotUc:z] szellemi munka - intellectual work [,rntdlektJuslJ szrilési szabadságon van - be on maternity leave [me'ts:nrtiJ teljes munkaid s állás - full-time job [,fol'tarm] tobb miíszakban dolgozik - do shift work [JtftJ t lórázik - work overtime ['ouvatatrn] tidtilési csekk - holiday voucher ['hnlldel,vautí3*] vállalat - company ['knmpeni] végkielégítés- redundancy pay [rrtnndensi] vezet beosztás a!kalrnazott - manager [tnrrnrd3o*]
eladó - salesman / saleswoman [tsetlzmen, 'sellz,wumon] eladó - shop assistant ['fopa,ststent] építésivállalkozó - builder ['bllde*] építész- architect ['o:krtektJ erdész -. forester ['forlsta*] farmer, gazdálkodó - farmer ['fo:me*] felügyel, ellen r - supervisor ['su:pavalze*J fényképész- photogra phe r [fdtografe*] fest - painter [tpernte*] fizikotera peuta - physiotherapist [,fizleut0ereplst] fizikus - physicist ['frzrsrst] fodrász - hairdresser [theedresa*] fogorvos - dentist ['dentlst] ford ító - translator [trrcn$lerta*] szakács - chef tíeflJ
f
gondnok - caretaker ['kee,telke*] gondnok - janitor ['d5renrte*] gyermekfelvigy ázó - ch ild-mi nder ['marnda*] gyógyszerész - chemist l pharmacist ['kemtst, 'fo:masrst]
17.WoRK hentes - butcher ['butJa*J hivatalnok - clerk [klo:k] hordár - porter [tpc:te*] idegenvezet - travel guide [.trrevl,garcl] író - writer ['rarto*] író, szerz - author [b:Oe*J jogász - lawyer ['lcje*] kalauz - conductor [kentnkta*] kalauz, jegyellen r - ticket inspector ['ttkltln,spekte*J ka rmester - conductor [ken'dnkte*] ká rpitos - u pholsterer [nt'hecrlstare*J katona - soldier ['seold3e*J kéménysepr - chimney sweep l.tjrnrniswi:pJ kertész - gardener ['go:dene*J kertészmérnok - horticu ltura list [,hc:tlknltJerelrst] koreográfus - choreogra phe r [,kori.og rafe*] kozmetíkus - bea uticia n [bjuitrJon] k faragó - stonemason ['stoctnnrelsnJ konyvel - accountant [á'kauntont] konyvkot - bookbinder ['bokbalnda*] konyvtáros - librarian [latbreerten] kozgazdász - economist fi'konenrtstJ koztísztvisel - civit servant [,srvl'sa:ventJ kutató - resea rch-worke r [rfss:tJ] la kberendez - interior decorator lrn,tterie 'dekererte*J légi utaskísér- flight attendant [flalt e.tenclent]
légi utaskísér/ utaskísér
n
-
rend rtiszt - police officer [pe'li:s,ofise*] ruhatervez - designer [dtzarna*f
sebész
urgeon ['ss:d3en]
,preugrrcme*] személytigyis vezet 'ntrentd3e*J
színész
personnet manager [,ps:sdnel
refuse collector [-refiu:s ka*lekte*] dustrnan ['clnstnrenJ mechanic [nra'krcnrkJ
szeret -
szerkes
-
-
szemetes szemetes
zt - editor ['edrta*] l színészn- actor / actress
szobafest
['rekto*,
.rektrosJ
, tapétázó - decorator [Ueksrerta*J szociális munkás - social worker ['saufal ,ws:ka*J szülészn , bába - midwife ['nrtdwalrj takarító - clean er / cleaning lady [tkli:na*] tanácsadó - adviser [ed'va rua*| tanár - teacher ['ti:tJe*J tenge rész - sailor ['serle*] tervez - designer [dfzalne*J tiszt - officer ['ofise*J titkárn - secretary ['sekretri] titká rn , személyi asszisztens - personal assistant [,ps:senel
air stewa rd /stewardess
['stju:ed,,stj u:e'des] magánnyomozó - private detective [,pralvat dlttektlvJ matematikus * mathematician [,nrrcOonre*trJn] mérnok - engineer [,end3t.nle*] m vész, fest m vész - artist [b:tlst] nyomdász - printer ['prlnte*J operat r - cameraman ['krcnrrenrien] optikus - optícian [oPtrJan] orvos - doctor [Uokte*] óvón - nursery schoot teacher [tne:sarisku:l] p3p, lelkész - priest [pri:st] pénztáros - cashier [kre'fie*] pilóta - pilot ['parlet] .wettrasJ pincér / pincérn - waiter l waitress [.welte*, politikus * politician [,polr.trJen] recepciós, portás - receptionist [rt'sepJanlst] rendez - director [datrekte*J rend r - po|iceman [po'li:snrenJ
-
sof r-driver[trarve*J sportoló - sportsman ['spc:tsmanJ szabó - tailor ['terla*] szakács - cook [kcrk] számítógép-kezel - computer operator [kam pju:to ,oparetta*] számítósép programozó - computer programmer tk.* pju:te
o'srstent]
- interpreter ftrfta:prlte*] tudós - scientist ['satentrst] tiízoltó - firem an / fire fighter ['faromon, "fata,fatto*J tlgynok, képvisel - representative [,reprl.zentstrvJ tol mács
i:is::j!|
tlil:4,,
i:iiIitl
:Iií}':i::
il[,iiN: ;iltli::
tljsá gíró
-
jou rna l ist ['d3e:nal rstJ
utazási iroda alkalmazottja - travel agent [,trrvl,eld3ontJ utcasep - road sweeper ['reudswi;pa*] tizletember - busine sman ['blznlsmenJ varrón - dressmaker [!resmerka*J vegyész - chemist ['kenrrstJ vezérigazgató - chief executive [,tJi:f rg'zekjutlv]
r
villanyszerel -electrician [r,lek.trrJonJ vízvezetékszerel * plumber ['plnnratJ
weblapkészít* webpage designer ['webpeld3dl,zarne*J
zenész - musician [rnjulzrfenJ zenesze rz - composer [kem pouzet]
139
ruFF[@
ffi| o)
How do you get to school every day? How long does it take?
As llive in a srnall town, l usually walk to school. lt takes me about
b)
15 minutes to get there.
p| a)
Sometimes my
mum gives me a lift, usually when she goes shopping in the morning; it takes only 3-4 minutes to get to my school by car.
b}
l iive in Budapest and it is quite a long way from home
No, l don't. l live in a small town and usually l can get everywhere on foot. There are 4 bus lines in our town, but l never use them. Yes, l do. As I live a long way from my school, l have to use different means of public transport; l take the
tram and the underground every day and sometimes the bus as well. As l have to be at school by 7.50 in
to my school. First l have to walk to the nearest tram
the morning, l use public transport during rush hours. Luckily, there is no problem with the underground, but sornetimes my tram gets into a traffic jam and it takes about 10-15 minutes longer to get to school.
stop, which takes about 10 minutes. Then l take the tram and l go to Újpest. From there l go to Ferenciek tere by underground and finally l walk to school from the underground. Altogether it takes me about 50-55 minutes to get to my school. Sometimes my father takes me to school in his car, which takes about 40 rninutes in the morning rush hour. give sb a lift [ltft] - elvisz vkit kocsival tram [trrem] - villamos underground [,nnddgrat-rnd] - metró rush hour ['rnJ,aoo*] - csrjcsforgalmi id (szak)
Do you often use public transport? Do you use it during rush hours?
public transport [,pnbltk 'trrenspc:t] - tomegkozlekedés mean of [mi:n4- eszkoz, mód traffic iam ['trrefik,d3rem] - kozlekedési dugó
pl a)
Have you ever míssed your last train or bus home? If so, how díd you get home? Luckily, l have never missed it; to tell the truth, l always
get home by 10 o'clock in the evening, because my parents don't let me stay out late.
t40
18. TRnrrlc
b)
yes, it happened a few months ago. l went to the cinema with my friends and the filrn was quite long, so lmissed the last bus. Fortunately, lcould phone my
old and there are a lot of breakdowns. Generally it is
safe to use public transport in Budapest, but on sorne crowded lines there are a lot of pickpockets, so you have to be very careful. Another problem is that in the evenings there are some homeless people and drunks on the buses and sometimes they are loud and viotent. usually the drivers and other passengers can help you if you get into trouble with these people.
father and he took me home by car. miss a bus [nrrs]
a)
b)
-
lekésni a buszt
public transport in your city? ts it cheap or expensíve? Where can you get these tickets frorn?
be satisfied wíth ['sretlsfald] - elégedettnek tenni vmivet vehicle ['vi:lkal] - já rm crowded ['krar:drd] - zsrlfolt trolley bus ['troli] - trollbusz
As l live in Várpalota, there is only one form of public transport available: the bus. We can use the different lines to get to the different parts of the town: there are 14 lines. One ticket costs 160 forints, which is a reasonable price, l think. you can get tickets at the bus station, at some newsagent's shops and at the railway station.
annoying [á'ncrr!] - bosszantó breakdown ['brerkdaonJ - m szaki hiba, nneghibásodás pickpocket ['prkpokrt] - zsebtolvaj homeless per on ['heonrlesJ - hajléktatan drunk ['drnlkJ - ittas loud [laud] - hangos violent ['vatelant] - er szakos, durva passenger ['prestnd3e*J - utas get into trouble ['trnbl] - bajba keveredni
ln Budapest, the normal ticket costs 2g0 forints; it is valid for 60 minutes and for aII the different means of public transport within the boundaries of the city. lt is quite expensive, l think, especially when you have
to take 3-4 different means of public transport to
get to the centre and it takes more than an hour. you can get 10 or 20 tickets together in a Coupon Book,
transport? lt would be very important to use public transport in every town and city, because that would mean less air pollution and there would be far fewer accidents. people could read and relax on the underground, trams, trolleys and buses instead of spending their tirne in enormous traffic jams.
which costs a bit less than the singte tickets. For the underground you can also buy a metro section ticket, which costs 230 forints; it is valid for 3 stops and for a rnaximum of 30 minutes. you can get tickets from the Bkv ticket offices, usually at the underground or bus stations, from newsagents' and from ticket vending rnachines at some main tram, trolley or bus stops. line [larn] - vonal, járat reasonable ['ri:znebl] - reális, elfogadható average ['revertd3] - átlagos valid ['vrelrd] - érvényes boundary ['baundriJ - határ single ticket [tsrl3gl] - vona!jegy section ticket ['sekJn] - szakaszjegy tícket office [ttlkrt,ofrsJ - jegypénztár tícket vending machine [meJi:n] - jegyárusító automata
a)
b)
instead of [lrfstedev]
a)
t
l live in Budapest, and in my opinion, a tot of people are not satisfied with public transport here. The worst Problem is during the rush hours: vehicles are usually very crowded, sometimes you have to wait for the next bus or tram to be able to get on. Another problern is that buses, trams and trolleys run very rarety in the evenings and if you miss one, you have to wait for a
very long time, which can be very annoying, especially when it is cold. Finally, most of the vehicles are too
-
helyett, ahetyett,hogy
enormous [t'nc:mes] - óriási, hatalmas
live? ls it safe to use pubtíc transport ín your city? The buses in our town don't run very often but in my opln|on it is not a real probl ffi, because in small towns like this one a lot of people walk or use their cars. public transport is absolutely safe in my town, have never heard of any probtems with it.
air pollution [,ea* pe'lu:Jn] - leveg szennyezés accídent ['rcksldent] - baleset
b)
long have you had ít? How often do you ríde ít? Yes, l can. l learnt to when l was 4 years otd, and l've had a bike ever since that time. t have got a very good city bike: l got it for my ].3th birthday and l am very happy with it. l usually ride it every afternoon, because l do the shopping for my mum and l atways go by bike" lf the weather is very rainy or cotd t don't ride it every
day.
Although
I
can ride a bike, unfortunatety, l don't have
one at the mornent, because my bike was stolen 4 months ago and we could not buy a new one" l am very
sorry about it, because l had a very good mountain bike and l really liked riding it with my friends at the
weekends.
The main parts of a bicycle are two wheels attached to a frame one behind the other, a seat, two handlebars, and other components: front and rear brakes, gears
L4L
18. Tnnprlc and two pedals. You also need some lights, a pump and a bike helmet to ride it safely.
like to have one, because nowadays it is essential for lot of jobs and it can make life easier"
wheel [wi:l] - kerék
defi nitely ['definatli]
attached [á'tret|t]
-
frame [frernr] - váz
seat [si:t] - tjlés handlebar ['haendlbo:*]
E
-
kerékpár kormánya component [kenr'peonent] - a lkatrész, alkotóelem
rear [rre*] - hátsó brake [brelkJ - fék gear [gra*] - fogaskerék pedal ['pedl] - pedál light [[latt] - lámpa, fényforrás pump [pnmp] - pumpa helmet ['helrnrt] - sisak
operating the car, for example parking and doing
to ride one:
three-point turns and the other one is a road test. theoretical course [,0ra'retlkl] [kc:s] - elméleti tanfolyam
Yes, l can. l'm ].6 now and l learnt to ride it two years dgo, and lalso have a driving licence for it. luse it every day to go to school.
rule [ru:l]
At what gge cun an ordínary person get
a
drívíng lícence íor rnotorbikes in Hungary? ln Hungaryyou have to be at least 14 years old to get a driving licence for motorbikes with an engine capacity of up to 50 cc. engine capacity ['end3ln] [ka'prseti]
E
a)
b)
b)
d car?
ln Hungary different speed limits app|y in different environments, so the limit is 50 krn an hour ln built-up areas, 90 km an hour outside built-up areas and 130 km an hour on motorways.
Whai make-is it?
Yes, we have a S-year-old Opel Astra. i really like it, although my father would sometimes like to change it
for a faster car.
speed limit ['spi:dlrmrt] - megengedett sebesség app|y [dplat] - vonatkozik, érvényes environment [rrr'valranment] - kornyezet, korrilmény built-up area [,bllthpJ ['earia] - lakott terrilet motorway ['mautewerJ - autópálya
No, we don't have a car. They are very expensive and my parents can't afford to buy one.
p|
Both my mother and my father have driving |icences. My father has had one since he was 18, my mother got
seat belt ['si:tbelt] - biztonsági ov fine [farn] - megbírságol
My father has had a driving |icence for 20 years, but
dríving lícence íor cars ín Hungary? Would you líke to have one when you are older? You have to be t7 years old to get a driving licence for cars in Hungary. When l am older, l would definitely
i very dangerous to travel without one, seatbelts must be used in car and if we don't use
them, we can also be fined"
hers 6 years ago. my mother can't drive.
Do you alwdys weur a seat bett?
Yes, l do. lt
lícence?
L42
zabáIy
- motorteljesítmény
although [c:l' ao] - habár can't afford [a'fc:dJ - nem engedhet meg magának
a)
-
the Highway Code [,halwetkeod] - KRESZ driving theory [Uralvlq,Orari] - vezetéselmélet driving hazard [trarvlg,hrezed] - vezetési veszély vehícle safety ['selfti] - jármiíbiztonság technical [tteknlklJ -m szaki first aíd [,fs:st-erdJ - els sesély health certificate [hel0J [se'trfiketJ - egészségtigyiigazolás operate ['oparert] - m kodtet three-point turn [,0ri:pctnt'ts:n] - Y- fordulás road test ['raudte t] - forgalmi vizsga
driving licence [trarvr4 ,latsns] - jogosítvány
fumily hdve
What do you have to do ín Hungary to get a drívíng lícence?
for a health certificate. Then you can start the driving course. lt takes about 30 hours to complete the course and then you have to pass two tests. One is about
|'m not interested in motorbikes at all.
Does your
n
driving theory, driving hazards, vehicle safety and some basic technical knowledge. You have to pass a test after the course. You also need to complete a cour e on basic first aid. You must go to your doctor
Can you ríde a motorcycle? @| a) No, lcan't. To tell the truth, ldon't want
E
hatá rozotta n
You have to be at least 16 and a half years old to start a theoretical course on the rules of the Highway Code,
front [frnnt] - els
b)
-
essential [r'senJl] - elengedhetetle
hozzá rogzítve
a
r a) b)
Have you ever been ín d traffíc áii;ídénP Luckily, l haven't. My parents drive very carefulIy and they have been lucky enough not to have any accidents so far. Yes, l have. Last summer we were driving home from my granny's and we had to stop at sorne traffic lights.
18. Tnnprlc A car was coming from behind and the driver didn't notice the red Iight and bumped into us. Luckily,
top speed ['top] - végsebesség a|ternative [c:l'ta:natrv]
nobody was hurt but it took two weeks to get our car repa ired.
traffic lights ['trrcflklarts] - kozlekedési lámpa notice [tnautts] - észrevesz bump into [bnnrp] - beleütkozik hurt [hs:t] - megsérülni get sth repaired [rtpeecl] - megjavíttatni
price of petrol changes from week to week. At the moment one litre costs about 220 forints, but it can vary depending on which petrol station you choose. Last summer it cost 330 forints, which was extremely expensive. petrol is usually very expensive in Hungary, because a large part of its price is made up of taxes.
-
rnyezetba rát
elegant ['eltgentJ
-
elegáns
shape [íetp] - alak, forma
your tícket íor the trdin? l don't travel by train very often, because our famiIy has a car, but once or twice a year l go on a school
a)
b)
part [po:t] - része valarninek tax [treksJ - adó
b)
ko
fascinatin8 ['freslnertrr3] - elkáp ráztató(an szép} aerodynamic [,eeratldAl'n&nrIkJ - áramvona las
petrol ['petral] - benzin petrol station ['petral,sterJn] - benzinkrjt extremely [rk'stri:mli] - végtelentil, nagy mértékben
a)
más, nem hagyományos
protect [pre'tektJ - megóvni
chedp or expensive? lt is Very difficult to answer this question, because the
-
fuel ['fiu:elJ - tizemanyag hybrid car ['harbrld] - hibridautó environmentally friendly [in,vatererlnrenteli,frendliJ
trip and we usually go by train. l don't get the tickets, because our teachers buy tickets for the whote group. l travel by train quite often, because my 8ranny lives in the country and l visit her every second week. l usually et mY ticket in the ticket office at the railway station, but sornetimes, when l take an lntercity train, l book my ticket on the lnternet and my parents pay for it by credit card.
school trip [tnpJ - iskolai kirándutás book [buk] - lefoglal credít card ['kredrtko:dJ - hitelkártya
lt is not a real problem in our town, because there are a lot of parking spaces and anyway the town centre is not too big, so you can easily find a parking space close
your tícket for it? l don't travel by coach very often; only three or four times a year. you can get your ticket either from the ticket office at the bus station or from the driver on
to the place you want to get to.
Yes, it is a very big problem in Budapest. During the day finding a parking space is a real challenge, because there are so many cars in the city centre. Another problem is that it is very expensive to park your car: that's why a lot of people teave their cars
the bus if you arrive at the bus station late.
coach [koutf] - távolsági autóbusz
at the suburban underground stations and take the underground to the centre.
l have got two favourite forms of transport. when l travel in the city my favourite one is the underground.
parking pace ['po:klgspers] - parkolóhely
challenge lttíelrnd3] - kihívás suburban [sa'ba:ben] - ktilvárosi
a)
b)
lt is very fast, not affected by traffic jams and very reliable, trains run very frequently and you don't have to wait for a long time. when l travel abroad,
my favourite one is the aeroplane, first of atl because I enjoy flying very much, but also because it's very fast and comfortable: you can get to your destination very q u ickly.
My favourite make of car is the Porsche Carrera 911. I really like this car, because it tooks cool; it's very sporty and full of very fashionable extras. lt's also a very fast car; its top speed is 307 kph. My favourite make of car is the Honda FCX Clarity, ! tike this car because it uses atternative fuel, so it's a hybrid
car, which is very environmentally friendly. t would be very happy if more and more people used hybrid cars
to protect the environment. lt is also a very etegant car with a fascinating aerodynamic shape.
.
affect [á'fekq
-
hatással van, befolyásol
reliable [rflareb! - megbízható frequently ['fri:kwontliJ - eyakra n, rendszeresen abroad [dbrc:dJ - k lf ld comfortable ['knmftabl] - kényelmes destination [,destl'nedn] - célá l lomás
make aí car finerk] - autóm árka
sporty ['spc:ti] - sportos fashionable ['frJnebl] - divatos
I43
ililili
18. TmRpple
ffiIff?
Édo
haíl [hetl]
domgefl§{r forrv"s of transportation? Wíly?
rt rny oplniün, the safest way of transportation is the high-speed train, !ike the ones in Japaff, or TGVs in Franee. we never hear about accidents with these tnains and they carry miIlions of passengers every year" The rea cn for their safety !^nay be that they have
a) l
can't remember any difficult situations, but my mother got on the wrong train coming home from
szeged last summer and she had to wait for 4 hours to get back to her original station, so it took her 12 hours
r a Om ['ri:zn] - ok eareless ['kealesj - óvatlan
meehanric*l trouble [mo'kaenikl] ['trnbl]
probléma íncrease [rn'kri:s]
potenfial
b)
sérti lés
-
fipa'te n$lJ
-m
l
travellíng?
raíl serv ce ["ss:vls] - vastjtvonal
-
tér
depend on [dtpendJ - ftigg vmit
pedestrian [pa'de strian] - eyalogos
n3'ury ['rnet3ari]
f
lt is quite expensive to take a taxi in Hungary. prices depend on the price of petrol and the taxi companies as well. Big taxi companies usually have the same fares and they are usually more reliable than private taxi drivers.
on the rüads is 8erring higher and higher, it increases the potential for accidents as well.
fatal ['fbrtl] - halálos nonfatal [nnn"fertl] - nem halálos kimenetelií
leint pl. taxit, buszt
maín square ['ntetn,skwee] -
speciai nails, which don't have any crcssings with roads on pedestrian on other s|ower ra!l services. The most dangerüu form of transp rtation is the car. There are a lot of fatal accidents and nonfatal injuries every day. There are several reassns for these accidents, drivers who are dnunk 0r careless, cars that have mechanical prohlertrs cr breakdowns and as the number of vehicles
h gh-speed tnain [,halspi:dJ - nagy sebességrlí vonat na l [r:e rl] * vasr,iti sín e ross ng ['kroslry] * keresztez dés
-
fare [fea*] - viteldíj polite [pe'lart] - udvarias rank [rrcr3k] - taxiállomás
szaki
novel * lehet ség
to arrive home instead of the usual 3 hours.
l have. Two years ago l was travelting to Gyomaendr d by train and lcould not open the door of the carriage when the train got there. l calted for help, but nobody could open it and l had to stay on the train until the next station, where the conductor helped me. lt was very annoying and l decided to Yes,
check the doors at previous stations next time. original [á'rld3anl] - eredeti
gJ
carríage ['kterldr] - vagon conductor [kanUnkte*] - kalauz previous ['pri:vies] - korábbi, el z
No, never. !t is very expensive to take a taxi in Hungary, sü we either u e cur car or public transport. lf our car is being rep ired, my father asks his friend for a lift.
b}
Yes, sCImetirnes. My parents usually take a taxi when they go to parties and they want to drink alcohot" when our family goes on holiday we usually take a taxi
to the airport.
síde a the raad / from home) First af aII let's start with a general rule: it is always cheaper and saferto catl a taxi by phonethan to hail one frcnr the side of the road. There are some very reliab'e taxi [Opnpanies and the car arrives in 5-10 minutes. lt is usefu! ta have the number of your favourite company with you a!I the tinne. My favourite one is Tele5 Taxi, beeau e their fares are reasonable and their drivers are generally very polite. lt is also easy to remember their number: 5-555-555. lf you cJon't have a mobile ün yüu and you want a taxi in the city, the best ptaces to find taxis are in ranks at bus and train stations, near markets and around rnain squares. But you can hail a taxi anywhere from the side of the road at any time.
L44
a) b)
tell us about ít,
No, never. To tell the truth, l am always afraid of getting lost, so l always try to arrive in tiffi l always , take a map and ask the way if l'm not sure about it. yes, last year on our school trip we were given an hour's free time in Eger and we went into a bookshop, but we
didn't notice it had two entrances from two different streets and when we left the shop we couldn't find the way back to our meeting point. Luckily, our teachers found us, but they were a bit angry. get lost [get'lost] - eltévedni
a) b)
No, never. My parents would be very angry if l did so.
Yes, once. Last summer my cousin and l were on holiday at our granny's in the country. we visited one of my cousin's friends in a neighbouring viltage and we missed the last bus in the afternoon. As it is a very small village there are only two buses every day; one in the rnorning and one in the afternoon. so we decided
18. Tnnrrlc to hitchhike and fortunately, a very nice middle-aged |ady gave us a lift to our granny's house.
hítchhike ['lutJhark] - stoppolni
neighbouring ['netberl1J - szomszédos
Budapest? There are three metro lines in Budapest: M]. (or the
Millennium underground) , M2 and M3. These lines meet at Deák tér. The tickets must be validated before you go down to the tunnel, using the orange punch
slots at the entrance of the underground. Ticket
inspectors usually stand there to check your ticket immediately. At the underground ticket offices you can buy the following types of ticket: single tickets, section tickets (which are valid for 3 stops and for a maximum of 30 minutes}, weekend, weekly, biweekly and monthly tickets. You can also buy 10 or 20 tickets together in a coupon Book; it costs a bit less than the single tickets. On the metro, usually one ticket is valid only for one line, and a new ticket must be validated every time you change lines. metro lines [laln] - metróvonal validate ['vrelidelt] - érvényesít tunnel ['tnnl] - alag t punch slot ['pnntJ slot]
-
lyukasztó
ticket inspector [ttrkrt] [rrrspekta*] - ellen r immediately [r'mi:dietld - azonnal síngle ticket l'siqglJ - eey utazásra szóló jegy section ticket ['sekJn] - szakaszjegy biweekly ['barwi:kli] - kétheti monthly ['mnn0li] - havi valíd ['vrelid] - érvényes
E
How can you travel by bus in Budapest?
The schedules for tram and bus lines, which are displayed at most bus stops, show the departure times from the terminal. This means you have to add the time the tram/bus needs to reach your current stop (which is usually indicated on the left side of the schedule). You can get tickets from the BKV ticket offices, usually at the underground or bus stations, from newsagents' and from ticket vending machines at some main tram, trolley or bus stops. You can also buy a ticket for the bus from the driver but it's more expensive. Tickets
must be validated using the red or orange punch slots on board. The express lines have red numbers. These lines stop only at the main stops along the route. Some bus lines go beyond the boundaries of Budapest, The numbers of these buses are crossed with a diagonal red stripe. outside Budapest you must validate another ticket. There are night buses for the most important routes. schedule
I
Jedju:lJ
-
menetrend
display [ditsplel] - ki van téve departure time [di'pa:tíe] - indulás id termínal ['ts:minal] - végállomás add [rcd]
-
hozzáad
current stop ['knrentJ - az adott megálló indicate ['rndrkertJ - jelez
on board [bc:d] - a buszon route [ru:t] tvonal boundary ['baundri] - határ diagonaI [datreganl] - átlós stripe [stralp] - csík, vonal
-
change lines [tJemd3] - átszáll
I45
18. Tnaprlc
ToPIC_BASED MINI DlcTloNARY Ktizlekedés - traffic [ttrrefik] csucsforgalmi id (szak) - rush hour ['rnf,auo*] kozlekedési dugó - traffic jam ['trrefik,d3rem] m szaki hiba, meghibásodás - breakdown ['brelkdaun]
t
megktizlekedés - public transport [,pnbllk 'trrcnspc:t] átszáll - change buses [tJernd3] átszáll vmire - change to átszáIlójegy - transfer ticket [ttraensfs:*] az adott megáIló - current stop ['knrent]
beszáll - get in bírság - fine [faln] egész évben - throughout the year [Orulaot] egy utazásra szóló jegy - single ticket ['siqglJ
ellen r - ticket controller
el
re megvásárolt
-
Ikerr'treule*]
pre-purchased [pri:'ps:tJest]
érvényesít- va l idate ['vrelicleltJ felszáll - board a vehicle [bc:d] felszáll - get on fogaskerek - cogwheel railway ['kogwi:l] gyorsjárat - express line [ik'spres] határ - border ['be:da] helyszínen - on the spot [spotJ HÉV- suburban railway [se'ba:ben] igazolás - certification [,ss:trfitkerJn] indulás id - departure time [dtpa:tJeJ ingyen - free of charge ['tJa:d3] járm - vehicle [tvi:rkelJ jegyárusító automata - ticket vending machine [rneJi:n] jegyiroda - tícket office ['ofis] ki van téve - display [di'splel] kiszáll - get out of [trutav] lekésni a buszt - miss a bus [rnls] leszáll - get off [oíl libeg - chairlift ['tJeehft] lyukasztó - punch slot ['pnntf slot] menetrend - schedule I Jedju:l] menettérti jegy - return ticket [ri'ts:n] metró - u ndergrou nd [,nnde'g raond] metróvona| - underground Iine [lalnJ sikló - funicular [fiuinikjule*]
L46
szakaszjegy - section ticket ['sekJn] troli - trolley bus ['troli] utas - passenger ['peeslnd3a*J végállomás - terminal ['ta:minel] villamos - tram [trrem] viteldü - fare [feo*] zs folt - crowded ['kraudrd] Kerékp ár - bicycle, bike alkatrész, alkotóelem - component [kem paonont]
els - front [frnnt] fék - brake [brerkJ
fogaskerék - gear [gra*J hátsó - rear [rra*J hozzárogz ítve - atta c he d [a'tretJtJ kerék - wheel [wi:lJ kerékpár kormánya - handlebar ['hrcndlbo:*J lámpa, fényforrás - light [lart] pedál
-
pumpa
pedaI ['pedl] - pump [pnmpJ
sisak - helmet ['helmrtJ ülés - seat [si:tJ váz
- frame [frermJ
Autó - c3í autópálya - motorway [tmautewerJ egészségtjgyiigazolás - health certificate [hel0J [se'trfiketJ els segéIy - first aid [,fs:st'eld] elvisz vkit kocsival - give sb a Iift [lrftJ forgalmi vizsga - road test ['reudtest] járm biztonság - vehicle safety [\elftiJ jogosítvány - driving licence ['drarvl1 ,lalsnsJ KRESZ - the Highway Code [,hatwer'koodJ lakott terrilet - built-up area [,bllt)rpJ ['eerieJ megengedett sebesség - speed limit ['spi:dlrmrtJ m kodtet - operate ['oparertJ m szaki - technical ['teknrklJ tolatás - reversing [rfvs:srr3J vezetéselmélet - driving theory [Urarvrg,OleriJ vezetési veszély - driving hazard [Uralvrl,hrzed] Y- fordulás - three-point turn [,0ri:pclnttts:nJ
H@u@AYs, H@re@,A[RP@ffis
a)
and ltaly. For our summer holiday my parents always
when you go on ha\iday?
choose hot countries with beautiful beaches, so t've visited Croatia, Spain, Turkey, Greece, Malta, Tunisia
As l really like Hungary, I prefer going on holiday to a beautiful place in the country, Iike orf or Szigliget. l have been to foreign countries two or three times but as we went to some popular holiday resorts, they were very crowded and ldidn't like them at atl. Besides don't like travelling for a long time to reach my holiday destination.
b)
!
b)
l like Hungary and foreign countries as well. our famity goes on holiday every summer for 10 days, usually to a foreign country, but we also have some shorter holidays when we choose a place in Hungary. ln my opinion, it is not your destination that matters but the people who you spend your hotiday with and the
abroad [e'brc:d] - ktjlfoldcin
France ['frc:ns]
népszer
cauntries have yau vísítedso far?
go skiing in the Alps, so l've been to Austria, France
[tj
u-nrzieJ
-
Tu
nézia
Portugal ['pc;tjogl] - Portugália wel|-off [,wel'o|| - jómód maínly['melnli] -f Ieg neighbouring [-netbarlt]J - szom zédos lovenia [slau'vi:nieJ - Szlovénia
(ott} tartózkodás
abroad several times. Every wlnter we
Franciaország
Malta ['nrc:ltoJ - Málta
Tunisia
reach [ri:tf] * elérni
a) l've been
-
Croatia [kreu'e{el - Horvátország Spain [spernJ - Spanyolország Turkey ['ta:ki] - Torokország 6reece [gri:s] - Gorogország
destínation [,destfnedn] - titicél maüer ['rnrete*] * számít
-
-Alpok
ltaly ['rteli] - Olaszország beach [bi:tJ] - tengerpart
holiday resort ['hnlod eI il.zc:tJ - nyaralóhely crowded ['kraudrdJ * zsrifolt
stay [stetJ
r rnlps]
Austria ['ostrie] - Ausztria
foreign country ['forenJ - ktiIf ld(i ország) in the country [rn a tknntri] - vidéken
-
lwould really like to visit a lot of foreign countries, but unfortunately, my parents are not wel|-off, so l've been abroad only three times so f ar, always to neighbouring countries. l went to Austria last summer, to slovenia five years ago and to croatia when t was seven,
theAlpsI
things you do during your stay.
popular l'pnpjole*J
and Portugal.
t:|ij:.k
d íffe re nt fo reígn cou ntríes? As Hungary is a member of the EU, Hungarian citizens need an identity card to trave! in Europe, children
I47
19. Hot loavs, HoTELs, AlRPoRTs under 14 need a passport or an identity card. lf you travel to countries that are not members of the EU, you need a passport and you may also need a visa. lt is essential to check whether or not your passport has expired. lf we travel abroad we have to take foreign exchange or credit cards with us. There are some countries that require different vaccinations when you travel there, for example if you travel to some African countries, there is a high risk of malaria or typhoid and thus appropriate preventive medication is essential for visitors, lt is also advisable to have travel insurance for accidents, medical problems and also for loss, theft or damage to your personal possessions and money. member ['membe*] - tag citizen ['sttrzn] - (állam)polgár identity [aüentrti] - személyzonosság passport ['po:spc:t] - Útlevél visa ['vi:ze] - vízum essential [t'senJl] - ele ngedhetetlen check [tJek] - ellenőrizni expíre [rk'sparo*] - lejár exchange [tk$tJernd3] - valuta, pénz credit card [)
appropriate [dprer_rpriet] - megfe lelő, preventive [prlventIv] - megelőző
active ['rektrv] - tevékeny, aktív relaxing [rtlreksl9] - pihentet relax [rtl.eks] - pihen sunbathe ['snnber ] - napozik seashore ['si:Jc:*] - tengerpart
adventure [ed'ventJe*] - kaland wherever [wea*reve*] - bárhová try out [,trat'aoq - kipróbál wakeboarding ['welkbc:drgJ - wakeboardozás bungee jumping ['bnnd3l,d3nmpn]] gu mikotetes
-
halálugrás raftíng ['ra:ftrr3] - vadvízi evezés hang-gliding ['hrcr],glardrqJ - sárkányreptilés be keen on [ki:n] - szeret, kedvel valamit extreme [tk'stri:nr] - extrém experience [tk'spteriens] - megtapasztat hiking ['harkr1] -t rázás mountain climbing ['rnaclntln,klarmrr3] - heeymászás hístorícal[htstorrkol] - torténelmi sight [salt] - látványosság, nevezetesség
a)
with this type of holiday the travel agency organizes everything for you: the
b) a
lkalmas
medicine ['medsn] - orvosság, gyógyszer
insurance ftnJuerens] - biztosítás accident ['aksrdont] - baleset medical ['medIkl] - orvosi, egészségügyi loss [los] - valami elvesztése theft loeft] - lopás damage [!eemrd5] - rongálódás, károsodás personal ['ps:senl] - személyes possessions [pe'zeJn] - vagyon, javak
We don't Iike package tours, because nowadays more and more travel agencies ieave their customers in the lurch; they do not provide the hotel that was agreed on, or they don't pay for the accommodation !n time and the people have to sotve their problems on their own. lt is usually my father who organizes our ho!idays; he books the hotel and the air tickets, rents a car for us and plans our programmes and activities.
accom
afternoons or walking in nice towns or on the seashore in the evenings.
m
odation
[e,
k
nma'delÍn]
-
solve [solv] - megold on their own [eon] - egyedül book [buk] - lefogla! air ticket ['ea trkrtJ - reptiI jegy rent [rent] - bérel plan [plren] - r-negtervez
b) l
prefer active holidays, because l like adventures. Wherever we go on holiday l try out new things, like wakeboarding, bungee jumping, rafting or hanggliding. l'm keen on extreme sports and l would like to experience a lot of them. l also like hiking and mountain climbing and if we go to a country with
several historical sights, l also |ike visiting them, One thing l really hate is lying on the beach and doing nothing during my holiday.
hotel, the rneals and also the hollday activities, so you just have to travel there and enjoy yourself,
package tour ['prekrd3 tr-lo*J - (iroda által) szervezett t organize ['c:ganalzj - szervez convenient [kertvi:niant] - kénye!mes, megfelel type [tarp] * típus travel agency ['trrevl erd3ensiJ - utazási iroda meal [mi:l] - étkezés nowadays ['nauederz] - mostanában leave sb in the lurch [ls:tf] - benne hagy a pácban provide [pre'vald] - biztosít agree [elriJ - megegyez pay for [per] - fizet valamiért
l don't really like active ho|idays, because if l go on an active holiday, l need another one to relax after it. l like going to hot countries, swimming in the sea, sunbathing, spending my days on the beach and relaxing. l also like reading good magazines in the
t48
My parents always choose a packa8e tour, because it
is very ccnvenient for thern.
advísable [ed'varzebl] - tanácsos
a)
organíze for yourself?
g)
szá l lás ( he ly)
your famíly?
our famiIy always tries to make democratic decisions we sit down together and our parents tel| us hot,,, much money they have saved for our next hoiida,,
19. HotlDAYs, HoTELs, AlRPoRTs We look at different travel brochures and try to
ffi general, it is not too difficult for us, because we all like ffi exotic places and hot weather and we also have some ffi favourite places in Hungary, ffi a8ree
on two or three possible versions, lcan say that
b) My
parents decide everything about o11.holidays.
rent[reni]-bérei
duration [djrire{n] * időtartam sea íood [\i:fu:d] - tenger gyümölcsei tiring ['talerIg] - fárasztó
ffi ffi
Sometimes we have a liÜle argument about it, because my brother, who is four years older than m", would like to do much more exciting things, but my parents
[:::ffiIÍ#1".:.#:',r#:T#"rrlrésidugóbakerül ioniure [.horobl] - borzasztó rerryJ.feiil-toáp
ffi ffi
always tell him he is too young for extreme activities
island ['arlánd] - sziget
ffi
-butheis18now!SometimeslfeelreallysorryforW
him.
makeadecision[dtsr3n]
brilliant [,brrlient] - pompás, ragyogó, briliáns
in ffi
frrn4isffi
ffi m o/ At the hotel and the restaurants everybody could
-döntésthoz
democratic[,demdkrrctrk]-demokratikus
ffi ffi ffi ffi ffi ffi
sPÓrol brochure['bret{a*]-brosúra, reklámfüzet agree on [o'sri:] - megegYezik version ['vs:Jn]-változat,verzió exotic fg'zotlk] -egzotikus, távoli argument [\r:gjument1 - vita, veszekedés feelsorryforiÜlri,t *.il-sajnálvalakit save [serv] -
ffi O'
ffi ffi W holiday? ffi a) Yes, l have. We have a little holiday coüage in ffi Vonyarcvashegy, which is at Lake Baláton, no-t far ffi
sPeak English, but at some shops we had problems with the language. l used a lot of English, because my mother .rn ,p"it only Hungarian and Russian, so l always had to help her when my father was not on the ..,or. 9'/
No, theY didn't. We stayed on a little island in a fishing village and our landlady could not speak any foreign
languages.
language [.laggwld3] - nyelv tt ,po, [spot] - a helyszínen
oi
" ffshingvil|aget'fifij vrhd3]-halászfalu landlady['lrendlerdi]-szállásadó(nő}
|'TI"-:'íji"JI,;:li:,L",JilT',l]!!jTi;'"11iliiffi
thin8s together on the beach. This village is a superb place for a holíday. l spend as much time ere as l can
b)
during the
summer.
.
No, l haven't. We visit different places every year and really like most of them; l can't choose just
one. hollday cottage ['holsder kotrd3] - nyaraló suPerb [su:'Pa:b]- kitűnŐ' remek
"l O'
ffi ffi
t ffi
go?
How was vourrrűi
our last vacation was brilliant. l went to
,.;;;;_,,
Parents,mYsisterandmYbestfriend.ourtrip,wasfast
and comfortable, We travelled there by aeroplane and from the airport we went to our hotel in a car that
father rented for the whole duration
b)
ffi ffi
ffi
_
we stayed for a fortnight. We stayed there for 10 days. fortnight ['fc:tnart] * két hét
W
iu" r,.r"o at a very nice, luxury new hotel right on the ffi ' ffibeach.ltwasnotfarfromthenearesttoWneither,only about 10
ÍJrfi ''- ffi you get there? How tong díd ít fuká , ffi *{in;r"i witnl Where díá you
a)
th
ffi ffi
minutes by the local bus service. our room was very well-equipped, with wireless lnternet access,
irT'lj:fiT.'i;?J:i:;:[r;*:1:iffi",",:r:i1
window. lreally liked the evenings, when we had
ffi il.. ui.*, we could sea the wonderful my ffi ;;l;""y. of our Y!9't'rlllll stav. All in ffi ,_, ..;
a
sunset from our
ol WestaYedataprivateapartmentthatwassituated allittook5hourstogettherefromhome. ffi on my last vacation l travelled to croatia.wjth my ffiXi::,:T:Til:Tfffi1 |t,iXfi|]".,lr"ffi familY' lt was oK, but l didn't reallY like the food, ov-ertookeo the sea. lt was not very well-equipped: ffi becausethereWasalotofseafoodandlhate.it.tdidn'i
ffi
like our triP, because it was verY long and tiring. We went to croatia by car and we left home at two o'clock a.m. we had to drive along long motorways and we
ffi ffi ffi ffi
.l ir"::il:ii:X;]:::i|,iffi'i#iJ:,.;ilxiTfi";,i: ffi -' '" ffi the little island. Rttogether JB'etner lT it tooK took 11 nours hour,'---" for us to get there. ffi M
*"
r,ro a TV-set and a washing machine, but it was
air-conditioned, so l was a bit disappointed. lt was reach of the nearest town: it took about 5 ,iiu,u,".ry to get there by car. no1
*ithin
w. *.v.a
at a budget hotel in the city centre. lt was
not really modern and stylish, but it was clean and provided the basic amenitils.
ffi
I49
í9. ííouoavs,HoTELs, AlRpoRTs luxury ['lnkJeri] - nagyon elegáns right on the beach [ralt on öe 'bi:tfl - közvetlenül tengerparton local [tla<.lkl] - helyi well-equipped [wel lkwlpt] - jól felszerelt
ííiíDl we i::i:iill
a
wireless ['walslos] - drótnélküli lnternet access ['rntenet,rckses] - internet-hozzáférés air-conditioning [be ken,drJenrr3] - légkond ícioná ló overlook [,eove'lok] - valamire néz view [vjul - kilátás
,
l
went on sightseeing tours we wanted to visit as many places as possible.
ffi ::::::::i:::: t :j::ií;:ii l^ l iiiiii:,: w'
private ['praIvat] - magán be situated ['sltjuertld] - elhelyezkedik Tv-set [,ti: 'vi: set] -tévékészülék
disappointed [,drsdpcrntId] - csalódott within easy reach of [wrörn ,i:zi 'ri:tJ ev] - közel valamihez budget ['bnd3rt] - olcsó stylish [.stallű - elegáns provide [pre'vald] - biztosít
motorboat ['mautabaot] - motorcsónak snorkelling ['snc:kehr:J - konnyiíbtivá rkodás (pipával} beach ball [bi:tJ bc:l] - strandlabda go for a stroll [straul] - sétálni megy refreshment [rlfrefment] - frissít ital
washing machine ['woJr1 me,Ji:n]
ffi
-
mosógép
busy ['brziJ - zsrjfolt, tevékeny
basic ameníties [bersIk o'nri:nrtiz] - alapvető felszerelés
schedule I Jedju:lJ - programterv, rnenetrend
usual [)u:3ualJ - megszokott unusual [nn)u:3uelJ - szokatlan scuba diving ['sku:be,datvtgJ -
We stayed for a fortnight and l can say we were really
very lucky: we had only one cool, rainy day. All the other days Were sunny and hot with a light breeze
excursíon [rk'sks:Jn] -
legendary [tled3endriJ Nile [narlJ - Nílus
d)
We got up late every day, had breakfast and then we went to the beach. We swam a lot, went on motorboat trips to some islands nearby, sunbathed, went snorkelling, played beach ball and read some
magazines. ln the evenings We had dinner at the hotel and after that we went for a stroll in the city centre,
did some shopping and had some cold refreshments in nice seaside bars.
150
ki rá ndu
-
lás
legendás
monument ['monjumentJ - m emlék hot air balloon [,hot 'es bo,Iu:n] - h légballon
a)
satisfied ['sretrsfard] - elégedett
scorching hot ['skc:tfip] - perzselően forró sweat buckets [swet 'bakrts] - nagyon izzad thunderstorm ['0nndestc:m] - mennydörgés, vihar §trong wind [stro1] - erős szél outdoor [br_rt,dc:*] - szabadtéri instead [rn'sted] - helyette
várkodás
canoeíng [ko'nu:It]J - kenuzás surfing ['sa:fig] - szorfozés kíte surfing ['katt,ss:frg] - kiteszorfozés desert trek [Uezot trekJ - sivatagi gyalogt ra camel ride ['kaeml rard] - tevegelés sailíng ['selhr3] - vitorlázás
do a lot of sightseeing, we weren't satisfied with the weather at all. On the first two days it was scorching hot, we couldn't enjoy anything, because we were sweating buckets. On the next three days we had rainy weather with thunderstorms and very strong wind, so we had to change our outdoor programmes and visit some museums instead. breeze [bri:z] - szellő ideal [at!rel] - ideális seaside ['si:sald] - tengerpart(i) sightseelng ['salt,si:try] - városnézés
b
water sports ['wc:ta spc:ts] - vízi sportok
blowing from the sea, just ideal for a seaside holiday, As we went to Paris for our holiday and we wanted to
b)
we prefer active holidays, so last summer we went
to Egypt and did all kinds of usua| and also unusual holiday activities. First of all, we went scuba diving
every day and did several water sports like swimming, canoeing, surfing and kite surfing; secondly, we went on desert treks; we also tried camel rides and went on a sailing excursion on the legendary River Nile. Last but not least we could see the Egyptian monuments from the air, because we took a hot air balloon ride. l reaIIy enjoyed our holiday.
wonderf ul ['wrrndefl] - csodá latos sunset ['srrnset] - naplemente balcony ['b;elkeni] - erkély
q)
had a very busy schedule when we were on hotiday. as we
we had decided earlier what to see and do and
b)
No, we didn't. l don't like these ptaces because they
are very boring and always very crowded. Luckily, my parents don't like them either, so they didn't want me to visit any historical sites. yes, we did. we went on hotiday to Greece and visited
severa! historical sites, f or example the Acropolis in Athens, Knosso , and olympiá, the birthplace of the olympic Games, the oracle of Delphi and the monasteries of Meteora. boring ['bc:rlqJ
-
unalmas
Athens ['reOrnzJ - Athén bírthplace ['bs:OplersJ - sztiletési hely Olympic Games [eu'hmplkJ - Olimpiai Játékok oracle ['orsklJ - jósda monastery ['mnnostriJ
-
koIostor
L9. HoLIDAys, HoTEts, AlRpoRTs best food you ate during your
a)
hotiday?
ii* í{.
When traveiling abroad I like to sample localspeciatities. ffi Last summer we went to spain and l ate different tapas, É which are small dishes of snacks that cover all types of $,iii food from seafood to vegetables" l really liked them ,iii::'ii
b)
We had all-inclusive service at the hotel, so l ate quite a lot and tasted as many different things as lcould.
i'
l
ffi
reallY like Greek food, so the best food l ate was a local speciality, called moussaka, which is baked aubergine
and potato in layers, served with minced beef
top. sample ['so:nrplJ - megkóstol béchamel sauce on
speciality [,speJi'releti] - ktjlonlegesség,
tá
dish [dtí] snack [snrek] - kon ny , gyors étet, cover [tknve*] - terjed, felolet
x+;r *11i
fi
and
$
ffi ilfi
specialitás
iiiu
fogás
all-inclusive [c:l lrtklu:slv] - rnindent magába taste [telst] - megkóstol, megízlel Greek [gri:k] - gorog baked [berkt] - stilt aubergine ['eobe3i:n] - padlizsán in layers ['lete*] served [ss:vd] minced [nrrnst] beef [bi:í-J béchamel sauce [,beJenrel ,sc:sJ _ bechamel on top [top] - a
rétegezve tálalva darátt marhahrjs tetején
$i$
$fi
Í$
foglaló
i,u
iifi *
f fifi $,iu
lri$
mártás
fi *1i
camp site ['krempsart]
-
kemping
tent [tent] - sátor sleeping bag ['sli:pl4 breg] - hálózsák pitch [pttí] - felverni (sátrat}
cornmon ['kornon] - kozos használat flushíng toílet [flnJ 'tcllat] - vízoblítésesvécé
fireplace ['fareplers] - t zrakóhely utility [juitrlati] - kozm
hook-up ["hok^pJ - kapcsolódási pont, kapcsolat such as ['sntf ez] - mint pétdául
gas [grrs}
-
gáz
electricity [r,lek'trrseti] - á ra m proper ['prope*] - igazi self-catering [,self 'ketterlr]] - onellátás
guest house ['gest haus] fogadó, pa nzió,vendégház bed and,breakfast [,bed an 'brekfest] fizet vendéglátás or even ['i:vn] - s t (rnég)
international [,tntdnteJnalJ - nemzetkozi quality ['kwoleti] - min ség mostly [tnroustli] - leginkább, f ként
campus ['keenrpos] - egyetemi terrilet college ['kohd3] - f iskola
u níversíty Ll:nl.v3:seti] [,j - egyetem youth hostel [)u:0 hostlJ - diákszálló
offer ['ofo*] - ajánt, kínál backpacker ['brekpaeke*]
-
hátízsákos turista
dormitory ['dc:nretri] - hálóterem, kol!égium
share [Jee*J - megoszt lounge [laond3] - nappali, társatgó
ii$
ffi
'
know? i:
ffi
--
i",'"?",.TJili1ííJ;ififfiff '; ';:n ;:,:,#l
and
taste.
The simplest and perhaps cheapest option is to go
ffi fi$
to
Iií::iiii:
a camp site. you need a tent and a sleeping bag and fi you are provided with a place to pitch the tent and fi some common amenitie such as flushing toitets and $ showers, fireplaces, and utility hook-upsiucn as gas, fiffi water and ÍÍ
LIt]:íl;:i
electricity.
fi$
lf you prefer sleeping on a proper bed when on holiday, you may choose a self-catering apartment, but if you
íiiíii
fi
don't want to spend your time looking after your
ffi.$
ffií
meals, You can choose from guest houses or Bed and ffi Breakfast at private houses. lf you have more money, fiffi you may choose a small hotel or a bigger one, or even iiiiili:|
a high-quality S-star international resort
hote!.
modation
that is Provided by colIeges or universities mainlul" holiday perlods or at youth hostels that offer .r,.rp accommodation for students, backpackers or budget travellers in a dormitory where students can ,.ni , bed and share a bathroom, a lounge and sometire,
a
kitchen.
en koltségvetés ízlés
dependíng on [dtpendlr3 DnJ - frigg budget ['bnd3lt] taste [terst] -
#trff
ffi ,W 'r,ffi
'.,Wr
,iffi
fi #fi #
ffiÍ ffifi
ffi t;i:i;iLi
You have various choices if you want to book a room: you may either phone the hotel and make a reservation or you can send a letter of reservation either by post or by email, and nowadays more and more hotels accept
reservations on their lnternet web pa8es. when you book a room, you have to tetl the receptionist whether YOU Want a single or double room, a room with or without a shower or a private bath, whether you want One that overlooks the sea, the mountains, etc., which floor you prefer and whether you want breakfast only Or full bOard. You also have to state how you would Iike to pay: by cash, credit card, traveller's cheque or
bank transfer.
re erve [rlze:v] - foglal
various ['vearias] - tobbféle
choíce [tfclsJ - választási lehet ség reservation [,rezdveljn] - fogla lás accept [ek'sept] - elfogad web page ['webpeldsJ * weboldal
receptíonist [rl'sepJenrst] - recepciós síngle ['slggl] - egyágyas double [tnblJ - kétágyas prívate bath ['pratvat bo:OJ * saját fürd szoba floor [flc:*J - emelet, épriletszint full board [,firl -bc:dJ * teljes ellátás state [stert] - kijelent, nyilatkozik cash [kaBJ] - készpénz credit card ['kredlt ko:dJ - hitelkártya traveller's cheque ['trrevalaz tJek] - utazási csekk bank transfer ['bregk trrensfg,*] átutalás
-banki
151
Jlii
19. Houonys, HoTELs, AIRpoRTs
many tímes? Which airlines have you flown with? No, l haven't. To tell the truth, l have a fear of heights and l don't think l will ever board a plane. Another reason is that l have never had to travel so far away that l had to fly.
a)
b)
l have. l'm mad about flying, l always ask my parents to choose a holiday destination where we can go by plane. So far l've travelled by plane four times.
Yes,
l've flown with Air France and Olympic Airlines once
and Malév twice. l really would like to fly more often.
t légitársaság have a fear of heights [fia* av hatts] - fél a magasságtól, tériszonya van board a plane ['bc:d e plern] - beszáll egy reptil be reason ['ri:zn] - ok be mad about sth [mred] - meg riil valamiért airlíne [bolarn]
flight? Where did you go? l was 10 years old and it was very exciting for me: l really liked looking out of the window of the plane among so many clouds. l went to London with my parents and the flight took 2 hours and 30 minutes from Budapest.
flight [flalt] - repiilés, reptil rlt
What are the disadvantages? Travelling by air is one of the fastest ways of getting to yourdestination, sospeed is the numberone advantage of air travel. There are some other advantages as well: for example, it is very comfortable. The temperature
of the plane is always pleasant, you are served with refreshments and food, and you can listen to some music or watch a video during your flight, lt is also easy to get air tickets: you just phone your favourite travel agency from home and they find you the best
price [prars] - ár budget airline [bnd3rt 'eelarn] - fapado légitársaság service ['ss:vts] - szolgáltatás full [lt_rl] - teljes have control over sth [kerttrool] - hatalma van valami fe lett ainsickness l'easlknes] - légibetegség cl austroph obi a [, klc:stre'fer:bie] - kla u sztrofó bi a
the plane?
when you arrive at the airport, first you go to the check-in desk where they weigh your luggage and
check your ticket. you get your boarding card for your
plane with your seat number on it. you can choose from three types of seat: window, centre or aiste. Then you go through passport control and a security check where your hand luggage is checked and you have to walk throu8h a metal detector as well. Then you go to the departure lounge where you can wait for your flight. Here you can also buy a lot of thin8s in the dutyfree shop, such as perfume and chocotate. when your flight is called you go to the right gate where you can board your plane. check-in ['tfek InJ - bejelentkezés weigh [wer] - lemér luggage ['lngrd3] - csomag, poggyász check [tíek] - ellen riz boarding card ['bo:drg ko:dJ - beszát|ókártya window eat ['wlndao si:t] - ablak melletti üI hely centre seat ['senta si:t] - kozéps sorban lev tiI hely aisle eat [arl si:t] - folyosó melletti ül hely passport control ['po:spc:t kan,traul] tlevél ellen rzés security check [stkjoeroti tJek] - biztonsági ellen rzés hand-luggage ['hrcnd ,lngrd5] - kézipoggyász metal detector ['metl dr,tekta{.] - fémkeres departure lounge [dtpo:tJe laond3] - tranzitváró duty-free hop [,dju:ti'fri: JopJ - vámmentes tiztet perfume ['ps:fiu:mJ - parfrim gate [gett] - kapu
-
offer very quickly.
As for the disadvantages, first of all, the price of the ticket is quite high, although nowadays you can find
some budget airlines with cheaper tickets, but the service is also poorer if you choose them. Secondly,
sometimes the airport is far away from the city centre and it can take you an hour or more to get there. Another disadvantage may be that some people have problems with flying, because they feel that they don't have full control over the plane, or they suffer from a fear of heights, airsickness or claustrophobia, so they can't choose air travel. speed [spi:d] - sebesség
temperature ['tempratJe*] -
pleasant ['pleznt] - kellemes serve [ss:v] - kiszolgál offer ['ofe*] - ajánlat
ts2
h mérséklet
before the plane tdkes oíí? when you board your plane you show your boarding pass to the steward or stewardess at the door and
they take you to your seat and help you put you.r hand!uggage in the overhead compartment. Then you have to sit down, switch off your mobile phone and fasten
your seatbelt. One of the flight attendants instructs
the passengers on what to do in case of an emergency and where all the emergency exits are located. Finally your plane goes to the runway and takes off. be supposed to do sth [se'peuzd] megcsiná lja
-
elvá rják, hogy
take off [,telk-o|l - felszáIl (reptil gép} boarding pass ['bc:dr1 po:sJ - beszállókártya steward ['stju:ed] - légi utaskísér (férfi) stewardess [,stju:eUe J - légi utaskísér (n )
19. HoLlDAys, HoTELs, AlRpoRTs overhead compartment [,eove*hed kem,pa:tnront] - fej
folotti rekesz switch off [,swrtf'o|J - kikapcsol mobile phone [,nreclbatl tfot_ln] - mobiltelefon fasten a seatbelt [fo:sn] ['si:tbelt] - biztonsági ovet be ka pcso
It is a flight in an aircraft in which all the seats are paid for by a travel company and then sold to their
customers, usually at a lower price than that of
scheduled flight.
l
flight attendant ['flart e,tendent] - Iégi utaskísér instruct [rrr'strnktJ - tájékoztat, oktat
charter flight ['tJo:te flart] - charterjárat aírcraft ['eekro:ft] - reptiI gép travel company ['trrevl,knmpeni] - utazási cég customer ['knstemo*] - rigyfél príce - ár, koltség scheduled flight I fedju:lcl flart] - menetrendszerinti járat
passenger ['preslnd3e*] - utas in case of [tn 'kets ov] - esetén emergency [t'nrs:d3ansi] - vész he lyzet emergency exit [rtrns:d3ensi eksrtJ - vészkijárat be located [lao'kertrctJ - elhelyezkedik runway ['rnnwer] - kifutópátya
For groups of 10 or more in economy and 7 people in business classes, airlines offer excellent discount fares that are much cheaper than single tickets. group rate [gru:p relt] - csoportos kedvezrnény economy class [t'konomi klo:s] - turistaosztály business class ['btznos klo:s] - business osztály excellent ['ekselent] - kiváló
díscount [Urskaunt] - kedvezmé nyes
fare [fee*] - viteldú, jegyár
a
E
Whatdoyou d
hds landed?
After your plane has landed, you go through passport control. lf you have anything to declare, you go through the customs, then to the baggage rectaim area where there are conveyor belts that deliver baggage to the passengers. when you find your luggage you take it from the conveyor belt and you leave the airport. land [lrend] - landol, leszáll declare [dtklee*J - elvámol customs ['knstemz] - vámvizsgálat baggage reclaim ['bregld3 rl,klelm] - poggyászkiadás area [berieJ - tertilet conveyor belt [kerfvere belt] - futószalag deliver [dllrva*] - szállít
153
19. HoLIDAys, HoTELs, AlRpoRTs
ToPIC-BASED MlN! DICTIoNARV
szobaszervíz - room service ['ru:nr ss:vts] teljes ellátás - full board [,ft-ll 'bc:dJ valamire néz - overlook [,aclvdlok] vendég - guest ['gest]
Nyaralás - Holiday ['1roladeI] autóstoppolni - h itchhike ['hrtJhark] biztosítás - insu rance [rn'juerons] b rond - suitcase ['srr:tkels] brosrj ra, reklámftizet - brochure ['brecrJe*] diákszálló - youth hostel [Jrr:0 hostl] fizet vendéglátás - bed and breakfast [,bed en 'brekfast] fogadó, panzió, vendégház - guest house ['gest haus]
Reptil tér l utazás repiil vet - Airport [,ee 'trrevlJ
hálózsák
Szálloda - Hotel [heo'tel] bejelentkezik - book in / check in [buk, tfek] bejelentkezik - take up one's reservation [,rezdvelín]
boy - page bo}, / bel! boy ['peld3 bcr] [.bel bcr] egyágyas - single ['sllgl]
el csarnok - entrance hall / foyer [bntrens lrc:l, .fclerJ foglal - book / reserve [bok, rt'zs:v] fogla lás - reservation [, reze'verín] f szezon - high season [hal 'si:znJ internet-hozzáférés - lnternet access ['tntenet,ekses] kétágyas - double [tnblJ kilátás - view lvju:J
,bi:tfl kozvetlentil a tengerparton - right on the beach [ralt on e légkondícioná ló - aír-conditíon ing kan,drJanlt]J ['ea*
londíner, portás - porter ['pc:ta*] mindent magába foglaIó - all-inclusive [c:l rrtklu:slv] nagyon elegáns - luxury ['lnkferi] recepciós - reception lst [rtsepJenrstJ recepció - reception desk [rtsepJen desk] rendezni a számlát - settle the bill [.setl] saját frjrd szoba - private bath ['pratvet bo:O] szállodalánc - hotel chain [heo.te l tJern] szobalá ny - chambermaid ['tfelmbemerd]
154
air travel t'éapcí]
ablak melletti ül hely - window seat ['wtndeu si:t] bejelentkezés - check-in ['tJek lnJ beszáll egy reptil be - board a plane ['bc;d e plelnJ beszállókártya - boarding pass/card ['bc:dl0 po: , ko:d] biztonsági ellen rzés - ecurity check [srtkjuoreti tíek] biztonsági ovet bekapcsol - fasten a seatbelt [fo:snJ ['si:tbelt] business osztály - business class ['blznes kla:sJ charterjárat - charter flight ['tJo:ts flart] csomag, poggyász - luggage ['lngrd3J csoportos kedvezmény - group rate [gru:p rert] ellen riz - check [tJek] els osztály - first class [tfs:st klo:s] elvámol - declare [dtklee*]
hajó t -voyage ['vcrrd3]
- sleeping bag ['sli:pI9 begJ hátizsákos turista - backpacker ['bekpreke*] idegenvezet - tourist guide ['toorlst gard] kemping - camp site ['krcnrpsalt] k[ilfoldi pénz, valuta - currency ['knrensi] klilf ld n - abroad [b*brc:d] látványosság, nevezetesség - sight [sart] lejár - expire [rk'spara*J nagykovetség - embassy ['ernbesi] nyaraló - holiday cottage ['holeder kotrd3J nyaralóhely - holiday resort ['holeder rt,zc:t] onellátás - self-catering [,self 'kelterrq] pihentet - relaxing [rtlreksrq] sátor - tent [te ntJ sátrat felállítani - pitch [pltí] szállás(hely) - accommodation [a,konrotelín] szállásadó(n ) - landlady ['lrendlerdiJ személyazcnos ági igazolvány - identity card [aluentlti ko:d] (iroda által) szervezett tlt - package tour ['prekrd3 tua*] tengerpart(i) - seaside ['si:sald] tevékeny, aktív - active ['rektlv] torténelmi - historical [htstorrkal] utazásí cég - travel cornpany ['trrevl,knmpeniJ utazási csekk - traveller's cheque ['trrevalez tJekJ utazási iroda - travel agency ['trrevl erd3ensiJ tik nyv - gu idebook ['gardbcrk] tlevél - passport ['po:spc:t] valuta, pénz - exchange [lks'tJernct3] vá rosnézés - sightseeing ['sart,si:rq] vízum - visa ['vi:zaJ
l
érkezés - arriva| [e'rarvl]
fapados légitársaság - budget airline [bnd3lt 'eelarnJ fej folotti rekesz - overhead compartment [,suve'hed kem,po:tmentJ fél a magasságtó!, tériszonya van - have a fear of heights [fie* ev harts] felszáll (repril eép) - take off [,terk'o|| fémkeres - metal detector ['metl dr,tekte*J folyosó melletti til hely - alsle seat [arl si:t] futószalag - conveyor belt [korfvelo* belt] indulás - departure [dtpo:tJo*J információs pult - information desk [,rnfe'me{n deskJ kapu
-
gate [gert]
kézipoggyász - hand-luggage ['hrnd ,lngrdrJ kifutópálya - runway ['rnnwet] kozéps sorban lev tiI hely - centre seat ['senta* si:tJ landol, leszáll - land [lrend] légibeteg - airsick ['eesrk] légibetegség- airsickness ['easrknes] légi utaskísér - flight attendant ['flart a,tendentJ légi utaskísér(férh/n ) - stew ard / stewardess ['stju:ed, ,stju:e6esJ Iégitársaság - airline [belarn] lemér - weigh [wer] leszáll a repü l(jr l - disembark [,drslrn bo:kJ menetrendszerintí járat - scheduled flight I Jedju:ld flart] pilóta - pilot ['parlatJ poggyászkiadás - baggage reclaim ['bagld3 rr,klelm] poggyásztartó - luggage rack ['lngrd3 rrek] repti!és, reptiI t - flight [flalt] *1*E r9ntil gép - aeroplane / aircraft ['eerepleln, bekro:ft] 6g l* tájékoztató tábla a járatokról - flight information board [flart ,tnfe'merfn bc:dJ ijifi terminál - terminal [tts:mrnl] torol egy járatot - cance! ['krenslJ tranzitváró - departure tounge 1arpo:tJa* laund3] fiffi ttils lyos poggyász - excess uaslage [,lkses .bregrd31 i$$ turistaosztály - economy class [r'konemi klo:s] .$$ ,$* utas - passenger ["prestnd3anJ 11i;í utaslista - passenger list ['prestnd3e* lrst] rjtlevét etlen rzés - passport control ['pa:spc:t kan,traul] tmegszakítás - stopover ['stopruur;1 'f;fi ,fi$ vámmentes tizlet - duty-free ,llop [,dju:ti'fri: JopJ vámtiszt - customs officer ['knstamz ofise*] vámvizsgálat - customs ['knstamzJ lit tÍu vészkijárat - emergency exit [l'ma:d3ensi eksrtJ i]!]]:l
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