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wey jcf bihfs. Ic rfebity, rfebity, grjups bihf IPIP eco Eb-Uefoe vijbetf e pric`ipbf jl Isbedi` s`ajbersaip tj ‑kricg taf fviofc`f eco tafc kfbifvf, ojc’t kfbifvf eco tafc _af sj-`ebbfo @ebipaetf jl taf Isbedi` Ptetf ic Ireq
kricg taf fviofc`f.’ Wf digat esh way sebe niaeoists
eco Paed aes `jbbepsfo, kut stibb cfj-niaeoi fxtrfd-
rflreic lrjd qujticg s`ripturf taet gjfs egeicst tafir
ists erjuco taf wjrbo eojpt taf pbetljrd jl tfrrjrist
prf`jc`fivfo ofsirfs. Ljr fxedpbf, ic e aeoita rf-
grjups su`a es Eb-Uefoe eco IPIP. _j rf`ruit, tafsf
`jrofo ic taf Pucec jl Eku Oewjjo (#?;?;), taf
fxtrfdists tergft tafir yjutalub euoifc`fs wita kbe`h-
prjpaft Duaeddeo fxpbeicfo taet e rflugff `ri-
eco-waitf dfssegicg, peicticg pjbiti`s, aistjry eco
sis wjubo j``ur wafrf ‒pfjpbf wjubo ff eco tafc
Isbedi` tfxts ic e wey taet pjrtreys taf uddea es uc-
tafrf wjubo kf wer,— eco taet tafrfeltfr e dessivf
ofr tarfet lrjd e ‒Wfst— eidicg tj ofstrjy Isbed. _j
trikubetijc wjubo j``ur, ‒kf`eusf jl e dec lrjd
e`aifvf tais, tafy jltfc qujtf Fco jl _idfs prjpaf`y
dy lediby, waj wibb `beid taet af is lrjd df, kut
taet djtivetfs icoiviouebs tj oj icsecf taicgs taet jp-
af is cjt lrjd df, ljr dy prjtf`tjrs eco ebbifs
pjsf rfbigijc eco kesi` audec ceturf.
(‒eubiye—) erf eb-duttequc (pfjpbf jl @jcs`ijuscfss). Ojfs tais cjt t es e ofs`riptijc jl taf sj-`ebbfo
Ljr fxedpbf, IPIP’ Fcgbisa-becguegf degezicf wes
Haebilea, Eku Kehr eb-Kegaoeoi, waj `beids bicfegf
icitiebby `ebbfo Oekiq, e rflfrfc`f tj sfvfreb cerre-
lrjd taf prjpaft (sews) kut kbjws up iccj`fct `ivib-
tijcs lrjd taf ]rjpaft (sews) taet ois`uss e wer kf-
iecs jc strffts eco ic derhftpbe`fs erjuco taf wjrbo:
twffc taf [jdecs eco Dusbids et taf Fco jl _idfs ic
Jcf digat esh way tafy aevf cfvfr `itfo jr fxpbeicfo
E’deq jr Oekiq Oe kiq (ic Cjrtafrc Pyrie). Waet tafy ojc’t
tais cerretijc. Pj, wf rflfrfc`f tais aeoita es pert jl
ucofrsteco jr tfbb tafir euoifc`f is taet tais aeoita
taf rfesjc wf `ebb tais pfrijoi`eb Eaub-_eqwe, wai`a
wes writtfc ic e pfrijo jl Vdeyyeo aistjry lubb jl
dfecs ‑pfjpbf jl `jcs`ijuscfss.’
pjbiti`izfo eco wfeh cerretijcs, taet jtafr aeoita rfbetfo tj Oekiq ois`uss e prf`foicg tru`f kftwffc
Eaub-_eqwe Eaub-_ eqwe is `jjroicetfo ky taf ljrdfr sebe niaeo niaeo--
taf [jdecs eco Dusbids wafrf tafy ‑gat tjgfta -
ist taet wrjtf taf bfeo erti`bf ljr taf rst sebe-niaeoi
fr egeicst e `jddjc fcfdy,’ eco jtafr issufs. issuf s. Es e
Fcgbisa-degezicf ic ;==9. Eaub-_eqwe Eaub-_eqwe tehfs taf tfd-
`jcsfqufc`f, decy aevf tarjwc ewey tafir bivfs eco
pbetf af afbpfo `rfetf ke`h (sff ljbbjwicg erti`bf). Ic
ofstrjyfo taf bivfs jl iccj`fct jtafrs waibf kfbifvicg
Isbed wf `ebb grjups bihf IPIP eco Eb-Uefoe Haewerin Eb-Uefoe Haewerin
tj kf e`ticg ic taf cedf jl Gjo.
(tajsf taet fxit eco erf fxtrfdf). _ajsf taet ljbbjw taf haewerin aevf haewerin aevf lebbfc ictj e trep sft ljr tafd ky tajsf
Jcf sajubo kf `eutijus eco rflreic lrjd jvfrby pjbit-
taet rfsfdkbf pfjpbf taf ]rjpaft Duaeddeo spjhf
i`izicg rfbigijus s`ripturf taet `ec kf fxpbeicfo ecy
jl wafc af seio, ‒Ic taf best oeys tafrf wibb eppfer
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yjucg pfjpbf wita ljjbisa tajugats eco iofes. _afy wibb sjuco gjjo (qujtf s`ripturf), kut tafy wibb gj jut jl Isbed es ec errjw gjfs jut jl its gedf, tafir leita wibb cjt fx`ffo tafir tarjets. Pj, wafrfvfr yju co tafd, hibb tafd, ljr tafrf wibb kf e rfwero ljr tafir hibbfrs jc taf Oey jl [fsurrf`tijc (Kuhaeri #<,677).—
Eaub-_eqwe sffhs, cjt tj hibb tafsf icoiviouebs, kut tj hibb tafir lebsf iofes eco wjrbovifw. Es taf ]rjpaft seys ic ecjtafr cerretijc ekjut tafd, ‒_afy rf`itf taf Uurec kfbifvicg it is fviofc`f ic suppjrt jl tafd, yft it is e`tuebby egeicst tafd.— Eaub _eqwe _eqwe wibb oj`udfct tais rfebity ic ec flljrt tj prfvfct prfvfc t taf yjuta lrjd ljbbjwicg tais ofviect peta, tj prjvioicg e wjrbovifw ectitafti`eb tj taet jl taf fxtrfdists, e visijc taet ebbjws taf eoorfssicg jl icnusti`f wita dfecs truby ic bicf wita taf Uurec, e kjjh rfvfebfo tj ebb jl audecity eco ofbivfrfo tj tafd ky taf ]rjpaft Duaeddeo (sews), [eadetub-bib-Ebedffc (e dfr`y tj ebb dechico).
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Ebb e`ts jl tfrrjrisd erf ajrrfcojus. Ajwfvfr Ajwfvfr,, fvfcts bihf tajsf wai`a wai`a j``urrfo tarjugajut Pri Beche jc Festfr Pucoey, Pucoey, Eprib ;5, ;=59, wafrf aucorfos wfrf hibbfo, hibbfo, erf perti`uberby eppebbicg. _af sj-`ebbfo Isbedi` Ptetf `beidfo rfspjcsikibity, rfspjcsikibity, kut tafrf `ec kf cj ojukt taet tais tregfoy is uc-Isbedi`. Cfvfrtafbfss, kf`eusf taf `beid taet taf ette`hs wfrf rfvfcgf ljr taf durofr jl 6= Dusbids ic twj djsqufs ic @arist`aur`a, Cfw ^febeco jc Der`a 56, ;=59, e lfw Dusbids wibb kfbifvf jtafrwisf. It is idpjrtect, tafrfljrf, tj fdpaesizf taet e`ts ic Pri Beche aevf eksjbutfby cjtaicg tj oj wita taf rfbigijc jl Duaeddfo (sews). IPIP eco its ljbbjwfrs kfbifvf taet tafy erf ljbbjwicg Gjo, taet tafy erf fxe`ticg rfvfcgf ljr taf fquebby kerkeri` ette`hs ic Cfw ^febeco. Ic rfspjcsf tj taf tregfoy ic @arist`aur`a, IPIP’ spjhfsdec Eku Aessec Eb-Duaenir issufo ec euoij rf`jroicg jc Der`a 51, ;=59 taet suggfstfo Wfstfrcs djurcicg taf 6= vi`tids jl taf @arist`aur`a djsquf hibbicgs wfrf safooicg ‒`rj`joibf tfers8— retafr retafr,, ‒taf s`fcfs jl taf desse`rfs ic taf twj djsqufs sajubo wehf up tajsf waj wfrf ljjbfo, eco sajubo ic`itf taf suppjrtfrs jl taf `ebipaetf tj evfcgf tafir rfbigijc.— rfbigijc.— _afrfeltfr, _afrfeltfr, es taf sj-`ebbfo `ebipaetf best sbivfr jl tfrritjry wes tehfc ic Pyrie (Eb-Paed), taf jrgecizetijc `ebbfo jc ljbbjwfrs fvfrywafrf tj fxe`t rfvfcgf ljr tajsf taet wfrf aerdfo ic Eb-Paed ‐ ofspitf taf le`t taet aucorfos jl tajusecos aevf kffc hibbfo eco tajusecos djrf webbjw ic rflugff `edps es e rfsubt jl IPIP’ sj-`ebbfo bikfreticg e`tijcs. Lirst eco ljrfdjst, _af ]rjpaft (sews) `bferby ljrkeof hibbicg `ivibiecs, rfbigijus bfeofrs, ofstrjyicg `rjps eco ajusfs jl wjrsaip. ]egfs upjc pegfs `jubo kf writtfc tj oj`udfct tais. Ikc Ekkes eco jtafr `jdpecijcs (ree) rfpjrt taet taf vfry ſtrst vfrsf rfvfebfo rfgeroicg niaeo wes, ‒]frdissijc Xtj ſtgatT aes kffc givfc tj tajsf waj erf kficg ljugat, kf`eusf tafy wfrf wrjcgfo. Eco icoffo, Ebbea is `jdpftfct tj givf tafd vi`tjry— (;;>09).
1
_ais vfrsf dehfs `bfer taet Dusbids `ec jcby ſtgat tajsf waj ſtgat tafd, cjt `ivibiecs. Ajwfvfr, Ajwfvfr, wafc taf fctirfty jl taf rfvfbetijc is `jcsiofrfo, it kf`jdfs `bfer taet niaeo is cjt nust ekjut oflfcoicg djsqufs eco Dusbids, kut retafr ebb ajusfs jl wjrsaip. _af vfrsf `jcticufs, ‒X_afy erfT tajsf waj aevf kffc fvi`tfo lrjd tafir ajdfs witajut rigat - jcby kf`eusf tafy sey, ‑Jur Bjro is Ebbea.’ Eco wfrf it cjt taet Ebbea `af`hs taf pfj pbf, sjdf ky dfecs jl jtafrs, tafrf wjubo aevf kffc ofdjbisafo djcestfrifs, `aur`afs, sycegjgufs, eco djsqufs ic wai`a taf cedf jl Ebbea is du`a dfctijcfo. Eco Ebbea wibb surfby suppjrt tajsf waj suppjrt Aid. Icoffo, Ebbea is ]jwfrlub eco Fxebtfo ic Digat— (;;>?=). E`tijcs bihf tajsf ic Pri Beche sajubo `bferby trecsgrfss ebb kjucos jl rfesjc. rfesjc. Ebbea seys ic taf Uurec, ‒Ligat ic taf `eusf jl Gjo egeicst tajsf waj ſtgat egeicst yju, kut oj cjt trecs grfss bidits. Bj! Gjo bjvfs cjt eggrfssjrs... eggrfssjrs...—— (;>59=). _af ofvibs jl IPIP, taf fxtrfdist haewerin, wai`a Ebbea’s Dfssfcgfr (sews) bekfbfo ‒taf wjrst jl `rfetijc— eco taf ‒ojgs jl afbbſtrf—, eksjbutfby trecsgrfss taf bidits jl niaeo. _af ]rjpaft ]rjpaft (sews) wes fdpaeti` ekjut rflreicicg rflreicicg lrjd aerdicg taf pfjpbf jl _af Kjjh (Nfws eco @aristiecs). Pj du`a sj taet jc ais ofetakfo af wercfo egeicst aerdicg tajsf jl jtafr rfbigijcs (oaiddi) bivicg ic tfrritjry taf Dusbids `jctrjbbfo. _af ]rjpaft (sews) fdpaesizfo taf outifs jl Dusbids tjwero oaiddis, tarfetfcicg ecyjcf waj vijbetfs tafd wita taf wreta eco pucisadfct jl Ebbea. _af ]rjpaft (sews) is rfpjrtfo tj aevf seio, ‒Af waj aurts e oaiddi aurts df, eco af waj aurts df eccjys Ebbea— (Et-_ekereci). ‒Wajfvfr aurts e oaiddi, I ed ais eovfrsery, eco I saebb kf ec eovfrsery tj aid jc taf Oey jl [fsurrf`tijc— (Eb-Haetik). ‒Jc taf Oey jl Nuogdfct, I wibb oisputf wita ecyjcf waj jpprfssfs e pfrsjc lrjd edjcg taf ]fjpbf jl taf @jvfcect, jr iclricgfs upjc ais rigat, jr puts e rfspjc sikibity jc aid wai`a is kfyjco ais strfcgta, jr tehfs sjdftaicg lrjd aid egeicst ais wibb— (Eku Oewuo). Eku Kehr eb-Kegaoeoi, taf lebsf `ebipa waj `beids tj kf jl taf ]rjpaft (sews) eco tj ljbbjw taf rigatby-guiofo `ebipas taet su``ffofo taf ]rjpaft (sews) eltfr ais ofeta is ler lrjd taf truta jl taf rfbigijc. rfbigijc. ]fraeps, taf idpjstfr `ebipa wibb rf`ebb taf stjry jl taf sf`jco `ebipa ic Isbed, Vder kic eb-Haettek, wafc taf Dusbids bikfretfo Nfrusebfd. Ouricg tais tidf, taf rekkis eco prifsts jl Nfrusebfd hcfw taf ]rjpaft Duaeddfo (sews), ‒bihf tafy hcfw tafir jwc sjcs—, sjcs—, es taf Uurec `beids. Ajwfvfr,, tafy ebsj pjssfssfo Ajwfvfr pjssfss fo prjpaf`y taet e grfet ljbbjwfr jl Duaeddfo (sews) wjubo `jdf tj taf getfs jl Nfrusebfd. Wafc tafy afero taet taf Dusbid erdy jutsiof tafir getfs wes weiticg ljr tafir bfeofr Vder, taf rekkis eco prifsts jksfrvfo
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lrjd e oistec`f es e sfrvect bfo e `edfb djuctfo ky e dec tafy essudfo wes Vder. Yft, taf dec jc taf `edfb oio cjt ſtt taf ofs`riptijc jutbicfo ic tafir prjpaf`y, prjpaf`y, sj tafy peusfo eco `jcsiofrfo rfsisticg Dusbid j``upetijc. j``upetijc. ‒_ais is cjt taf lubſtbbdfct jl prjpaf`y tafy tafy idegicfo.— idegicfo.— Pj, tafy epprje`afo epprje`afo eco eshfo tj spfeh wita taf ‑Bfeofr jl taf Kfbifvfrs,’ Kfbifvfrs,’ eco it wes tafc taet tafy rfebizfo taet Vder wes cjt taf jcf rioicg taf `edfb, af wes taf jcf bfeoicg it8 af wes fs`jrticg ais sfrvect eco ſtt taf prjpafti` ofs`riptijc. _af [ekkis eco @aristiecs @aristiecs rfbfesfo taf hfys tj taf taf `ity iddfoietfby. iddfoietfby. Es Vder fxpbjrfo Nfrusebfd, @aristiecs tafrf, waj aeo kffc jpprfssfo ky taf [jdec eutajrity, eutajrity, eshfo aid tj prey ic taf `aur`a, cjw Eb-Eqse, kut Vder (ree) rfnf`tfo taf jfr. Icstfeo af jfrfo ais preyfr jutsiof jl taf `aur`a. Af oio cjt wect taf `aur`a tjrc ojwc ky ljbbjwfrs taet oioc’t aevf e lubb gresp jl taf Isbedi` rfbigijc. Af hcfw af wjubo aevf tj rfturc tj Erekie eco gjvfrc lrjd e oistec`f. Dusbid rfigc wes tjbfrect ic Nfrusebfd. Nfws eco @aristiecs wfrf `jctfct. Cfvfrtafbfss, eltfr e lfw yfers, taf [jdecs, waj aeo eggrfssivfby texfo taf pfjpbf ic Nfrusebfd, djvfo tj tehf ke`h taf `ity. _j evjio kbjjosafo, Vder’s (ree) gfcfreb, Eku Vkeyoe (ree) rftrfetfo. Ajwfvfr, kfljrf bfevicg, af rfbfesfo fvfry oicer eco oiared jl texfs bfvifo waibf taf Dusbids rubfo. _af pfjpbf ic Nfrusebfd rfqufstfo ais rfturc, eco ic le`t, kfljrf Vder kic eb-Haettek pessfo ewey taf Dusbids rfgeicfo `jctrjb jl taf tfrritjry. Is tais taf wey jl Eku Kehr eb-Kegaoeoi: Oj wf rfebby taich taet Vder wjubo’vf kbjwc up taf iccj`fct wjrsaipfrs ic Pri Beche: IPIP leceti`s idegicf taet taf ette`hs ic Pri Beche erf nustiſtfo. Waibf IPIP gbjets ekjut taf cudkfr jl Wfstfrcfrs Wfstfrcfr s it durofrfo ic Pri Beche, taichicg it aes fxe`tfo rftrikutijc, taf fxtrfdisd eco bust ljr kbjjo taet rucs tarjuga tafir vfics, es taf ]rjpaft (sews) ofs`rikfo it, `eusfs tafd tj cfgbf`t taf cfgetivfs, taf Dusbids taet aevf kffc hibbfo eco bihfby djrf Dusbids taet wibb kf hibbfo ic taf `y`bf jl vijbfc`f taet pfrpftuetfs kftwffc niaeoist eco ler-rigat wicg fxtrfdists. _af grfet s`ajber jl Isbed, Ikc _eydiyyea, _eydiyyea, wajd taf niaeoists eojrf, ofs`rikfo taf buce`y jl fxtrfdisd ic ais kjjh @jddecoicg taf Gjjo eco Ljrkiooicg Fvib, wafrf af seio> ‒Fcnjicicg rigat eco ljrkiooicg wrjcg kficg jcf jl taf grfetfst jkbigetijcs jr `jddfcoekbf e`ts ic Isbed, it is fssfctieb taet taf kfcfſtt tafrfic jutwfiga its cfgetivf `jcsfqufc`fs. _ais is taf gfcfreb spirit jl taf dfssegfs jl taf prjpafts eco taf rfvfebfo kjjhs, kjjhs, eco Ebbea ojfs cjt bihf `aejs eco `jrruptijc. Ebb taet wai`a Ebbea aes fcnjicfo is kfcfſt`ieb, eco taf fpitjdf jl kfcfſtt. Ebbea aes preisfo ‒sebea— (taf jppjsitf jl `jrruptijc) eco taf Fcnjicicg [igat & Ljrkiooicg Wrjcg - 1 _recsbetfo ky Pebid Ekoebbea ikc Djrgec ‒dusbiaffc— (rfljrdfrs, jr tajsf waj kricg ekjut sebea). Eco Af aes preisfo tajsf waj kfbifvf eco oj gjjo wjrhs (seebiaeet), waibf `jcofdcicg `jrruptijc (leseeo) eco tajsf waj `eusf it ic decy pbe`fs ic taf Uur’ec. _aus wafcfvfr taf eovfrsf ff`ts (delseoe) jl ecy e`t jl fcnjicicg jr ljrkiooicg erf grfetfr taec its kfcfſtt (desbeae), it is cj bjcgfr pert jl waet Ebbea aes fcnjicfo upjc us, fvfc il it kf e `esf jl cfgbf`ticg jkbigetijcs jr `jdditticg taf ljrkioofc.— ljrkioofc.— Pj wf esh yju tj bjjh et taf idegfs jl taf oisgusticg e`ts, kjta et @arist`aur`a eco Pri Beche, tj peusf eco `jcsiofr taf cffo tj `jdket su`a aetrfo. Wf ebb aevf e rjbf tj pbey ic rfnf`ticg taf wectjc vijbfc`f taet derhs tais fre. Ljr Dusbids wf dust dehf it `bfer taet IPIP eco jtafr cfj-niaeois erf uc-Isbedi`. Wf dust fou`etf cjc-Dusbids cjc-Dusbids eco fdkre`f tajsf erjuco taf wjrbo wjrbo wajsf tfers ljr iccj`fct Dusbids erf ler lrjd taf ‒`rj`joibf tfers— Eku Aessec Eb-Duaenir `beids. Wf dust rf`jgcizf taet pfjpbf jl pfe`f bivf fvfrywafrf. Fxtrfdists erf taf dicjrity. dicjrity. Ajwfvfr, Ajwfvfr, audecity sffds tj der`a jc ebbjwicg taf ofoi`etfo leceti`s tj kerh taf bjuofst. Bft us rfpbe`f cfws jl wer wita cfws jl ectitafti`eb `jcs`ijuscfss. Bft us prjdjtf reoi`eb bjvf, e bjvf taet uciſtfs Nfws, @aristiecs, Dusbids eco pfjpbf jl ebb leita treoitijcs. Bft us truby fdkjoy taf dissijc jl Duaeddeo (sews) eco ebb jl tajsf taet truby ucofrsteco eco ljbbjw ais dfssegf.
5=
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c Eprib j ;==9, I, tafc hcjwc es Yjucus Ekoubbea Duaeddeo, e `aif prjpegecoist jr Eb-Uefoe bivicg ic Cfw Yjrh @ity, afbpfo rfbfesf taf ſtrst gbjssy Fcgbisa-becguegf niaeoi degezicf jvfr taf ictfrcft. Fctitbfo ‑Niaeo [f`jbbf`tijcs,’ taf icitietivf rfprfsfctfo taf ſtrst ic e bjcg bicf j Fcgbisa-becguegf niaeoi degezicfs taet wjubo betfr kf eojptfo, ſtrst ky Eb-Uefoe eco tafc ky IPIP. It wes sjjc rfgerofo es taf ‑\ecity Leir’ jr niaeoists.
E s`rffc `epturf lrjd e viofj pjstfo tj tj Yju_ukf ky [fvjbutijc Dusbid sajwicg Yjucus Ekoubbea Duaeddeo (ehe Nfssf Djrtjc) prfe`aicg jc ?0ro eco Krjeowey ic Cfw Yjrh @ity jc Dey 5, ;=5=.
5;
Es eutajr j taf bfeo erti`bf ic taf ſtrst foitijc eco ofsigcfr j taf tfdpbetf, I aevf e pridery rfspjcsikibity rfspjcsikibit y jr ucbfesaicg taf kbjjoy eco aficjus dfssegf j tajsf degezicfs tj taf pukbi`. Pic`f tafc, `juctbfss bivfs aevf kffc ef`tfo. E``jroicg tj Paeriea, I dey saerf ic taf cfgetivf rediſt`etijcs es tafy `jcticuf tj prjou`f jcby ecidjsity eco ofstru`tijc. Es taf ]rjpaft Duaeddeo (pkua) fxpbeicfo, ‒Wajfvfr prfs`rikfs e gjjo pre`ti`f eco pfjpbf pre`ti`f it, af wibb rfep its rfwero eco taf rfwero j tajsf waj oj it eco cjtaicg wibb of`rfesf tafir rfwero. Wajfvfr prfs`rikfs prfs`rikfs e keo pre`ti`f eco pfjpbf jbbjw it, af wibb sufr its afevy kurofc eco taf kurofc j tajsf waj pre`ti`f it eco cjtaicg wibb of`rfesf its kurofc.— joey I rfnf`t taf fxtrfdist vifws j sebeſt niaeoists. joey I sffh tj dehf
edfcos eco ed ofoi`etfo tj `jdketicg tafd. _is degezicf, Eaub-eqwe (pfjpbf j `jcs`ijuscfss) wibb eojpt taf djofb eco tfdpbetf I `rfetfo wita taf afbp j jtafr niaeoists, su`a es Ecwer eb-Ewbehi eco Pedir Haec, waj elfr ſtvf foitijcs j Niaeo [f`jbbf`tijcs djvfo tj Yfdfc, fdkfoofo wita Eb-Uefoe eco taf Erekiec ]fcicsube eco `jcticufo tj pukbisa ucofr taf titbf Icspirf. Icspirf bjjhfo fxe`tby taf sedf es Niaeo [f`jbbf`tijcs kut wes oifrfct ic taet, cjw, Wfstfrc prjpegecoists waj aeo njicfo tfrrjrist jrgecizetijc ekrjeo `jubo ‒Icspirf— ette`hs, cjt nust wita taf oissfdicetijc j taf iofjbjgy kut wita e`tueb rf`ipfs eco icstru`tijcs jr hibbicg. Ic e`t, taf ſtrst foitijc j Icspirf (beuc`afo ic Nucf ;=5=), wes e rfe`tijc tj tarfets dy jrgecizetijc, [fvjbutijc Dusbid, deof egeicst taf writfrs j Pjuta ]erh jr pjrtreyicg taf ]rjpaft (pkua) ic setirf. Epert rjd e letwe `ebbicg jr taf durofr j ecyjcf icsubticg taf ]rjpaft (pkua) eco jtafr `jdpbftf rukkisa, taf ſtrst foitijc j Icspirf ic`buofo ec erti`bf ‒Dehf e Kjdk ic taf Hit`afc j yjur Djd.— _f rf`ipf taf erti`bf jfrfo aes kffc usfo tj hibb eco deid iccj`fct `ivibiecs ic taf Wfst sic`f tafc, eco waibf Icspirf `jcticufs uctj tjoey, taf sedf tfdpbetf aes kffc eojptfo ky IPIP, ſtrst wita Oekiq eco cjw wita [udiyye. joey, wita tais icitieb issuf j Eaub-eqwe, wf tehf taf tfdpbetf ke`h eco `rfetf ec ebtfrcetivf rf-
sjur`f kesfo jc pric`ipbfs ectitafti`eb tj tajsf taet fspjusf aetf eco vijbfct fxtrfdist fxt rfdist ictfrprftetijcs. ictfrprft etijcs. Wf’ Wf’rf rf rf`beidicg it, eco waet wibb kf`jdf fviofct tarjuga fe`a foitijc is taet tafrf is bittbf tj cjtaicg taf fxtrfdists wibb kf ekbf tj sey jr oj ekjut it. It is tidf tj kury taf prjnf`t I afbpfo `rfetf, jrfvfr! Bif is e prj`fss j pitebbs eco puriſt`etijc. _f jknf`tivf is tj fco it ic e stetf j eita eco sic`frity. Es Ebbea (swt) seys ic taf Uurec, ‒Aevf eqwe j Ebbea eco oj cjt oif ic e stetf jtafr taec es e Dusbid.— Ebbea (swt) is taf Djst Dfr`iub, es taf ]rjpaft fxpbeicfo, ‒_jsf waj erf dfr`iub wibb kf sajwc dfr`y ky taf Djst Dfr`iub. Kf dfr`iub tj tajsf jc taf ferta eco taf Jcf ekjvf taf afevfcs wibb aevf dfr`y upjc yju.— Es taf ]rjpaft (pkua) wes e Dfr`y tj taf @rfetijc ([eadetub Ebedffc), sj dust wf kf. _f rfbigijc is kesfo jc dfr`y. Ic e`t, tafrf is e oivicf `jccf`tijc kftwffc taf ajrizjcteb rfbetijcsaip wf aevf wita taf @rfetijc (ſtqa eb-due’debeet) eco jur rfbetijcs wita taf @rfetjr (ſtqa eb-ikeoeet). Kut waet j tajsf taet `jcſtcf rfbetijcs wita taf pfjpbf tj vijbfct niaeo: Waet j tajsf taet aevf deof taf vfry wjro niaeo itsfb `jc nurf up idegfs idegfs j tfrrjrisd tfrrjrisd eco eco tjtebiteriec `jcqufs `jcqufst: t: @frteicby niaeo is e pert j Isbed. _et is jcby ofcifo ky tajsf taet wect tj ebtfr taf rfbigijc. Kut niaeo is nusti`f. I ucofrstjjo prjpf prjpfrby rby it ſtts waet dibitery stretfgists tjoey `ebb ‑Nust Wer _fjry.’ _f ‑Nust frrjr e`ti`’ erti`bfs IPIP Fcgbisa-degezicfs prjpjsf is `jdpbftfby kerkeri` eco uc-Isbedi`. Niaeo aes `jcoitijcs eco is sjbfby `jcſtcfo tj ſtgaticg tajsf taet ſtgat yju. Es Ebbea (swt) seys, ‒Eco ſtgat ic taf Wey j Ebbea tajsf waj ſtgat yju, kut trecsgrfss cjt taf bidits. ruby, Ebbea bihfs cjt taf trecsgrfssjrs (;>59=).— It is `bferby trecsgrfssijc tj tergft iccj`fct etafrs, prfgcect djtafrs eco sdebb, vubcfrekbf `aiborfc. _is is ucojuktfoby fviofct, eco wf wibb oj`udfct tais `bferby waibf sajwicg ec ebtfrcetivf pfrspf`tivf. Es wf wjrh tj e`aifvf tais, taf rfeofr wibb sff taet taf niaeoist sydpetaizfrs sydpetaizfrs eco suppjrtfrs suppjrtfrs wibb jcby rfdeic rfdeic sibfct, rif wita igcjrec`f. Es taf s`ajbers j Isbed aevf put it> taf wjrst typf j pfrsjc is taf ‑jcf waj ojfs cjt hcjw, kut ojfs cjt hcjw taet af ojfs cjt hcjw.’ Wf esh tajsf ebbicg ictj taf trep j niaeoisd tj peusf eco rf`jcsiofr. Wf oj cjt `jcofdc yju8 I wes yju, es wfrf decy jtafr `jctrikutjrs tj tais icitietivf.
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Wf ebsj rf`jgcizf taet decy niaeois erf sic`frf eco pessijcetf, ebkfit jvfrzfebjus. Eaub-eqwe is cjt afrf tj rioi`ubf, tajuga jcf dust kf tjuga et tidfs. Wf erf afrf tj `jucsfb eco eovisf. Es taf ]rjpaft (pkua) put it, ‒_f offc is sic`frf eovi`f (cesffae).—
Erek Ppricg wes ekjut tj turc tj `ivib wer eco wectjc vijbfc`f, I djrf taec bihfby wjubo aevf kffc jcf j taf of`fivfo yjuta taet ecswfrfo IPIP’ `ebb tj njic tafir sj-`ebbfo @ebipaetf. Es e `jcsfqufc`f, I wjubo bihfby kf ofeo jr idprisjcfo jrfvfr.
Eaub-eqwe ebsj eids tj rf`tiy Eaub-eqwe rf`t iy eco jfr ec ebtfrcetivf ebtfrcetiv f petawey tj afebicg ( tezhiyye ), tj ſtgaticg taf ecxifty eco strfss taet tajsf reoi`ebizicg hcjw ei`ts tafd wafc tafy erf ebjcf eco jcby Ebbea (swt) is wet`aicg. Wf’bb prjdjtf eco prjviof sfrvi`fs eco suppjrt eco grect jtafrs taet aevf bfl fxtrfdist djvfdfcts ec jppjrtucity tj dehf edfcos, ec jutbft jr fxprfssijc eco e perebbfb cftwjrh taet `ec grect taf sedf sfcsf j dfecicg eco purpjsf fxtrfdists jfr rf`ruits eco eoafrfcts. ]bfesf ffb rff tj `jcte`t us i yju’o bihf tj writf, givf yjur ertisti` icput, afbp sprfeo Eaub-eqwe jcbicf, aevf us spfeh prfvfctetivfby ic yjur `jdducity, gft us tj prict it jr oistrikutijc et yjur bj`eb desnio, jr i yju jr ecyjcf yju hcjw digat bihf tj ois`uss it, pfe`fubby es krjtafrs eco sistfrs.
Wafc I wes jrigicebby sfctfc`fo tj fofreb prisjc ic ;=5;, taf prjsf`uticg ettjrcfy tjbo taf nuogf taet, ‒sjdfoey, sjdfwafrf iccj`fct pfjpbf wjubo oif es e rfsubt j dy `rfetijc j taf Fcgbisa-becguegf niaeoist degezicfs.— I wibb jrfvfr rfdfdkfr Eprib 56, ;=50, wafc taf sercefv krjtafrs utibizfo taf rf`ipf ic taf ſtrst foitijc j Icspirf tj hibb tarff pfjpbf eco icnurf aucorfos et taf ſtcisa bicf j taf Kjstjc Deretajc. _et vfry djdfct I of`iofo tj oj waetfvfr I `jubo tj rf`tiy taf frrjr j dy weys. Ebbea sjjc deof e wey jut jr df (deharenec). _us, Eaub-eqwe is pert j taf fjrt tj `jrrf`t dy pest disoffos eco tj wjrh tj prfvfct jtafrs rjd dehicg sidiber frrjrs, rjd tarjwicg ewey tafir bivfs jr e aetfub iofjbjgy eco se`riſt`icg jr niaeoist jrgecizetijcs taet wibb jrgft yju iddfoietfby eco fctirfby.
Wfrf I cjt errfstfo jutsiof e sdebb djsquf ic @esekbec`e jc Dey ;0, ;=55, nust e fw wffhs elfr Jsede kic Beofc wes hibbfo ic Ekkjttekeo eco es e ebtfricg
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Eaub-eqwe is pert j e njurcfy, ictj eco jut j fxtrfdisd. _f degezicf wibb oj`udfct taf pessijcetf tebfs j jtafrs, `jvfr pjbiti`s, f`jcjdi`s, sj`ifty eco `ubturf ic e kebec`fo wey, peicticg taf greys kftwffc taf of`fitubby kbe`h-eco-waitf, kbe`h-eco-w aitf, werpfo wjrbovifws j ebb fxtrfdists. It is ofoi`etfo tj prjdjticg e pbetjrd j dfr`y eco tjbfrec`f, oj`udfcticg taet e `jdditdfct tj `rfetivf pe`iſtsd rfprfsfcts taf kfst wey tj eoorfss grifvec`fs eco idpjrtect issufs. Ptecoicg up tj icnusti`f wita pe`iſtsd is cjt wfehcfss. _f ]rjpaft’s (pkua) bif fdkjoifo tais cjtijc. Af sufrfo jr 50 yfers witajut reisicg e ſtcgfr. Af cfvfr sjugat tj kuibo e stetf, es Isbedists wjubo aevf it, kut sidpby jr taf rigat tj fxprfss aidsfb rffby. Ais fxedpbf prjvfs taet it is pjssikbf tj ſtgat egeicst fvib witajut tehicg taf bivfs j iccj`fct audec kficgs. Oj`udfcticg taet e `jdditdfct tj pfe`fub pric`ipbfs is ic bicf wita e `jrrf`t ictfrprftetijc j taf ]rjpafti` (pkua) peta jr eoorfssicg sj`ieb issufs, su`a es ec eovec`icg Isbedjpajkie. Eaub-eqwe is ofoi`etfo tj taf edibifs eco bjvfo jcfs j tajsf taet aevf kffc aerdfo ky tfrrjrisd. It is ofoi`etfo tj taf iccj`fct dfc, wjdfc eco `aiborfc taet ebb tjj jlfc fco up kficg tajsf taet sufr taf djst rjd aetf, wer eco pjberizetijc taf bihfs j wai`a taf Dfssfcgfr j Ebbea (pkua) icjrdfo us wafc af (pkua) seio, ‒Nust kfjrf taf Ajur, hcjwbfogf wibb kf reisfo, igcjrec`f wibb ofs`fco eco tafrf wibb kf du`a sfcsfbfss hibbicg.— _f `urf jr igcjrec`f is fxpfrifc`f eco hcjwbfogf. Eaub-eqwe is ofrivfo rjd taf fxpfrifc`fs j jcf taet bfercfo tj eodit af wes wrjcg eco waj cjw sffhs tj webh kfjrf ruccicg. Wf ajpf taet yju wibb rfeo jc. Wf prey taet yju wibb njic us. Es taf grfet s`ajber Ikc Ueyyid eb-Newzi put it,
‒_f afert kf`jdfs si`h, es taf kjoy kf`jdfs si`h, eco its rfdfoy is eb-ewkea (rfpfctec`f) eco prjtf`tijc Xlrjd trecsgrfssijcT. It kf`jdfs rusty es e dirrjr kf`jdfs rusty, eco its `berity is jkteicfo ky rfdfdkrec`f. It kf`jdfs cehfo es taf kjoy kf`jdfs cehfo, eco its kfeutiſt`etijc is eb-eqwe (`jcs`ijuscfss). It kf`jdfs aucgry eco tairsty es taf kjoy kf`jdfs aucgry, eco its ljjo eco orich erf hcjwbfogf, bjvf, ofpfcofc`f, rfpfctec`f eco sfrvituof.— Wf prey taet Ebbea afebs ebb jur aferts eco prjtf`ts rjd su`a si`hcfss. Eco jur ſtceb preyfr is taet ebb preisf is ouf tj Ebbąa, Bjro j taf wjrbos.
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Jc taf ſtrst oey j [edeoec, Nucf ;1, ;=5?, IPIP’ spjhfsdec, Eku Duaeddeo eb-Eoceci, eccjuc`fo taet IPIP, wai`a aeo nust swfpt tarjuga e bergf dess j tfrritjry ic Pyrie eco Ireq, aeo rffstekbisafo e gbjkeb Haibeea‐ ‒sj taet yju dey rfturc es yju jc`f wfrf jr egfs, hicgs j taf ferta eco hcigats j wer.— j rfebizf tais fdpjwfrdfct, af `jcticufo, Dusbids ebb jvfr sajubo, ‒@jdf Xtj taf `ebipaetfT sj taet yju dey kf ajcjrfo eco fstffdfo, bivicg es destfrs wita oigcity.— E fw oeys elfr Eb-Eoceci’s prj`bedetijc, Eku Kehr eb-Kegaoeoi es`fcofo taf pubpit jr Lrioey preyfrs ic Djsub’s Eb-Cur djsquf eco prj`beidfo aidsfb taf Haebiea. ‒_f Ptetf is e stetf jr ebb Dusbids. _f beco is jr taf Dusbids, ebb taf Dusbids. J Dusbids fvfrywafrf, wajfvfr is `epekbf j pfrjrdicg ainrea (fdigretijc) tj taf Isbedi` Ptetf, tafc bft aid oj sj, kf`eusf ainrea tj taf beco j Isbed is jkbigetjry,— af fxpbeicfo. Fe`a eco fvfry Dusb Dusbid id wes tj jkfy ais oi`tetf. oi`tetf. fcs j tajusecos rjd erjuco taf wjrbo sjjc rfspjcofo eco afeofo jr Ireq eco Pyrie tj njic tafd.
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Ic taf diost j it ebb, IPIP eckjys rebbifo jc sj`ieb dfoie pbetjrds ‐ wittfr eco Le`fkjjh wfrf ekuzz ‐ taf `ebipaetf wai`a taf ‒Idpfriebist Wfst— aeo ofstrjyfo aeo rfturcfo. It wes tj best jrfvfr. _f sj-`ebbfo Haibeea `jubo cjt kf offetfo. _f ſtrst issuf j Oekiq degezicf, wai`a beuc`afo jc Nuby 6, ;=5?, kjestfo> ‒E cfw fre aes errivfo j digat eco oigcity jr taf Dusbids.— Yft tjoey, jcby e fw yfers betfr, taet oigcity aes kffc rfpbe`fo wita oisajcjr eco oisgre`f. It is cj djrf. _f fxpfridfct is jvfr. _f rfsubts erf ic. _fy wfrf ajrriſt`. _f tfrritjry taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea `jctrjbbfo is of`idetfo. Kesaer eb-Esseo rfdeics ic pjwfr, eco taf grjup fcofo up hibbicg djrf Pucci Dusbids taec ecy j its fcfdifs. Ic taf prj`fss, decy tarfw tafir bivfs ewey. Pjdf cjw sit ic prisjc. Es taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea oidicisafo, tafir `ebb djvfo rjd icviticg eoafrfcts tj njic tafd tj oirf`ticg tafd tj ette`h `ivibiecs et ajdf ‒ic ecy deccfr jr wey, ajwfvfr it dey kf.— Iccj`fcts erjuco taf wjrbo wfrf suksfqufctby desse`rfo. _f idegf j Isbed eco Dusbids
wes sfvfrfby oedegfo. Djtafrs eco sistfrs cjw wffp et taf bjss j tafir sjcs eco auskecos. @juctbfss jrdfr IPIP ſtgatfrs ofcjuc`f taf grjup rjd prisjcs, ofs`rikicg taf jrgecizetijc’s icnusti`fs, tjrturf, eco jvfrebb icsecity. Cfvfrtafbfss, taf grjup `jcticufs tj prj`beid taet taf ‑Isbedi` Ptetf wibb rfdeic.’ _f sj-`ebbfo Haibeea aes kffc tfrritjriebby offetfo, kut, e Oigiteb Haibeea cjw icstru`ts suppjrtfrs eco rf`ruits tj susteic IPIP’ fxistfc`f ky oissfdiceticg its twistfo rfbigijus ictfrprftetijc jcbicf eco icspiricg eco `jcou`ticg ette`hs egeicst `ivibiecs ic tafir ajdf `juctrifs. It sajubo, ajwfvfr, kf `bfer taet djst taet jkfyfo taf Haebiea’s oi`tetfs oifo jr e diregf ic taf ofsfrt. _f sj-`ebbfo Haibeea’ H aibeea’ss fxtrfdisd bist is bfcgtay bfcgt ay.. Lirst, e bfgitidetf `ebipaetf ucofr `bessi`eb Isbedi` bew rfquirfs taf suppjrt j eaub aeb-web-eqo (tajsf taet bjjsfc eco kico) waj erf tajsf E@VEBBY quebiſtfo tj fbf`t jr ofpjsf e `ebipa jc kfaeb j taf Dusbid `jdducity.
_f eppjictdfct j Eku Kehr eb-Kegaoeoi wesc’t `jcou`tfo ky ecyjcf wita s`ajberby `rfofctiebs. _fir bfeofrs wfrf igcjrect. ruf s`ajbers j ebb typfs j iofjbjgi`eb veriec`f, ic`buoicg jtafr sebeſt niaeoists, aeo rfnf`tfo taf cjtijc. It deof cj dettfr tj taf iddeturf eco igcjrect taet ojdicetfo taf `jrf j IPIP, cjr taf ucicjrdfo yjuta taet kfbifvfo tafdsfbvfs `epekbf j ucofrstecoicg Isbedi` nurispruofc`f eco ictfrprfticg taf saeriea. Fvfc ec Edfri`ec taet teugat aidsfb Ereki` ic ec Edfri`ec prisjc wes `rfoitfo wita `jcvic`icg Eb-Eoceci tj of`berf taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea. E``jroicg tj eckjy Duse @frectjcij, tais cjvfb Edfri`ec `jcvfrt wita bittbf djrf taec e of`eof ic Isbed, ‒aeo prfssfo taf bfeofrs j waet wes tafc taf Isbedi` Ptetf j Ireq eco eb-Paed tj of`berf e `ebipaetf.— _f `ebb tj taf Haibeea wes ecswfrfo tj e ofgrff kut djstby ky taf yjucg eco igcjrect, waj juco taf pjrtreyeb j e prjdisfo vi`tjry eco taf rfturc tj e pristicf pest dfsdfrizicg. E Vcitfo Cetijcs stuoy juco taet
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tajsf taet trevfbfo tj njic IPIP deicby `edf rjd oiseovectegfo ke`hgrjucos, aeo bjw bfvfbs j fou`etijc, eco ‒be`hfo ecy kesi` ucofrstecoicg j taf truf dfecicg j niaeo jr fvfc taf Isbedi` eita. Djst sew tafir rfbigijc ic tfrds j nusti`f eco icnusti`f retafr taec ic tfrds j pifty eco spirituebity.— Yft, ouricg taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea, tafsf yjuta wita gucs e`tfo es s`ajbers. _fy wjubo idpbfdfct auojjo (pucisadfcts) jc taf spjt wita cj rfeb rfbigijus eutajrity. _fsf eco iccudfrekbf ebtfrcetivf fxedpbfs oj`udfct e prjpaf`y IPIP’ sffds tj oisrfgero taet, ‒_frf wibb `jdf tjweros taf fco j tidf yjuta wita rf`hbfss eco ofſt`ifct ictfbbf`ts. _fy wibb spfeh wita taf stetfdfcts j taf kfst j `rfetijc…_fir eita wibb cjt fvfc rfe`a kfyjco tafir tarjets. Wafrfvfr yju ſtco tafd, hibb tafd, jr wajfvfr hibbs tafd wibb aevf e rfwero jc taf Oey j [fsurrf`tijc.— Eco taet is fxe`tby waet wes ojcf… ky e @jebitijc bfo ky Wfstfrc `juctrifs wafrf yju `ec spfeh jpfcby ekjut Isbed ebb oey, taet aevf prjtf`tfo Isbedists wectfo ky Dioobf Festfrc gjvfrcdfcts, fvfc et tafir jwc fxpfcsf, eco taet cjw aevf tj eoorfss ec Isbedjpajkie taet wjuboc’t wjuboc ’t fxist wfrf niaeoists niaeo ists cjt aerdicg taf t af idegf j Isbed eco prjvioicg fviofc`f jr jr Isbed’ Isbed’s wer jc ofdj`re`y ofdj`re `y eco bikfrebisd.
Lrjd ec iofjbjgi`eb stecopjict, taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea wes tjtebby vjio es wfbb. E Haibeea dust aevf taf pjwfr tj offco taf Dusbid dessfs. _f pjbiti`eb systfd j Isbed risfs rjd cf`fssity wafc taf Dusbids ic gfcfreb erf `jddittfo tj tafir rfbigijc. Es taf Uurec seys, ‒Ebbea wibb cjt ebtfr taf `jcoitijc j e pfjpbf uctib tafy ebtfr taf `jcoitijc j tafdsfbvfs.— _f ]rjpaft (sews) oioc’t fstekbisa taf ſtrst Isbedi` Ptetf ic Dfoice ky jr`f. _f Dusbids af teugat wfrf sj `jddittfo tj spirituebity eco rfbigijc elfr tairtffc yfers j jpprfssijc ic Uureisai sj`ifty taet wafc taf bews j taf saeriea wfrf rfvfebfo taet prjaikitfo eb`jajb, taf strffts iddfoietfby wfrf ruccicg wita fdptifo wicf eco biqujr. Wafc taf jrofr tj wfer ainek wes rfvfebfo, taf wjdfc iddfoietfby sjugat ekri` wita wai`a tafy `jubo `jvfr. Fvfc wafc taf ]rjpaft der`afo jc Df``e ic e strfcgta tafrf wes aeroby ecy vijbfc`f. Wafc eshfo ky tajsf taet jc`f jugat aid, waftafr af wjubo fxe`t rfvfcgf af dfrfby stetfo, ‒Oj es yju wisa jr I aevf jrgivfc yju.— IPIP’ Haibeea rfstfo jc cj su`a `ubtivetijc. Es su`a, taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea wes e oisestfr rjd its ic`fptijc. Ic Eugust ;=5?, taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea swfpt tarjuga Cjrtafrc Ireq eco `edf e`rjss taf Yeziois, e grjup taet aeo rfsiofo ic Ireq jr `fcturifs. _f sjboifrs j taf Haibeea `jddittfo `bfer gfcj`iof, hibbicg tajusecos, stervicg taf pfjpbf jc sifgf, eco putticg taf wjdfc ictj sfx sbevfry. Jcf j tajsf sbevfs, Ceoie Dureo Kesff eae, aes fxpbeicfo tafir ‒hico— trfetdfct,
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‒_af jcf waj tjjh df eshfo df tj `jcvfrt, I oio cjt, af tafc jcf oey eshfo df ljr ‑derriegf’…_afc ‑derrie gf’…_afc af jcf oey oe y ljr`fo df tj orfss ljr aid eco put dehf up, I oio, eco ic taet kbe`h cigat, af oio it. Af ljr`fo df tj sfrvf ais dibitect squeo, af icsubtfo df ky ljr`icg df tj orfss idprjpfrby. Eco I wes ucekbf tj kfer djrf repf eco tjrturf, I of`iofo tj fs`epf, kut I leibfo eco I wes `epturfo ky taf gueros. _aet _ aet cigat, af kfet df up, ljr`fo tj ucorfss, eco put df ic e rjjd wita six dibitects.. _afy dibitects _ afy `jcticufo tj `jddit `ridfs tj dy kjoy uctib I kf`edf uc`jcs`ijus.— uc`jcs`ijus.— [f`jvfrfo viofjs cjw sajw `rezfo Wfstfrc niaeoists fx`itfo wita pfrvfrsijcs, kuyicg eco sfbbicg Yeziois es i tafy wfrf prjpfrty, eco nustiyicg tafir e`tijcs wita e `rezfo ictfrprftetijc j s`riptureb prjpaf`y taet suggfsts taet jcf j taf sigcs j taf Fco j idfs is taet, ‒taf sbevf-girb saebb givf kirta tj afr distrfss.— _fir ergudfct wes taet taf rffrfc`f aeo tj dfec taet kfjrf taf Haibeea’s gbjkeb `jcqufst, sbevfry ſtrst aeo tj kf rfidpbfdfctfo. Ic tais deccfr, IPIP sew its repfs es wjrsaip. _f e`tijcs egeicst taf Yeziois sjjc gevf taf Wfst e nustiſt`etijc jr fctfricg taf `jci`t. Es jrdfr V.P. ]rfsiofct Kere`h Jkede jrgecizfo ec ictfrcetijceb `jebitijc, IPIP rfspjcofo ky kfafeoicg iccj`fct njurcebists, djst j wajd wfrf rfpjrticg taf `ivib wer ic Pyrie es e nustiſtfo uprisicg egeicst e kruteb rfgidf. _f @jebitijc pi`hfo taf jrgecizetijc epert sic`f tafc ky eir, evjioicg tfcs j tajusecos djrf ofetas taec e grjuco wer wjubo aevf ici`tfo. joey taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea is ofstrjyfo, kut ic taf prj`fss, taf tfrritjry, taf pfjpbf, eco taf rfbigijc tafy `beidfo tj kf offcoicg aevf kffc of`idetfo es wfbb. _fsf oeys, taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea is cj djrf. Kut kf`eusf j it, e tyrect, Kesaer eb-Esseo, rfessfrts `jctrjb ic Pyrie es taf ictfrcetijceb `jdducity wes jr`fo tj j`us jc tajsf taet trifo tj ette`h taf `itizfcry jc tafir strffts. Dibbijcs j Pyriec rfugffs bicgfr ic `edps rjd taf ofstru`tijc, djst j tafd preyicg jr fctrec`f ictj taf Wfstfrc cetijcs niaeoists ofspisf. Ljr yfers, IPIP repfo, dutibetfo, tjrturfo, eco hibbfo ecyjcf taet oioc’t pbfogf ebbfgiec`f jr ecyjcf wita wajd tafy oisegrffo. _fy deof Isbed eco Dusbids bjjh kerkeri` eco tafrfky `aesfo iccudfrekbf yjuta ic taf Dioobf Fest ewey rjd tafir rfbigijc. _is is bergfby ouf tj e rfbiec`f jc rf`ruits taet hcfw bittbf ekjut taf rfbigijc eco idegicfo e rfbigijus treoitijc es e tjtebiteriec systfd ofoi`etfo, ſtrst eco jrfdjst, tj gbjkeb ojdicetijc. It is es Paeyha ub-Isbed
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Ikc eydiyye put it, ‒Ebbea wibb fstekbisa taf nust Ptetf fvfc i it is oiskfbifvicg eco wibb cjt fstekbisa taf ucnust Ptetf tajuga it is kfbifvicg.— joey, taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea is gjcf, kut its rfdeicicg jbbjwfrs rfsjrt tj essessiceticg igcjrect Ireqi sjboifrs, `ivibiecs ic taf derhftpbe`f, Paiitfs, djtafrs, `aiborfc eco taf vubcfrekbf, taus prjvicg taet e truf Isbedi` Ptetf `eccjt kf fstekbisafo cjr deicteicfo wita icnusti`f. Ljr `frteic, IPIP is cjt taf jcby grjup taet dehfs Isbed itsfb sffd sjbfby rfvfebfo jr taf sehf j fstekbisaicg sjdf tjtebiteriec systfd tafy `ebb Haibeea8 Eb-Uefoe, Aizkut earir, taf Dusbid Krjtafrajjo, eco jtafrs’ `ebb tj e reoi`ebizetijc j Isbed taet is djrf `jcou`ivf tj reoi`eb-Bflisd eco `jdducisd taec it is tj taf spiritueb peta j taf ]rjpaft Duaeddeo (sews). _is bfeos tj `jcusijc. ]fjpbf eojpt taf fgebiteriecisd j taf er-Bfl, eco tafc pjrtrey Isbed es e sj`ieb nusti`f djvfdfct kesfo jc pjbiti`s eco vjio j taf `ebb tj djcjtafisd taet prjpfbbfo taf ]rjpaft (sews). It is es jur kfbjvfo (sews) ofs`rikfo, ‒_frf wibb kf e augf `jcusijc witaic dy @jdducity. _frf wibb cjt rfdeic jcf ajusf j taf Ereks fx`fpt taet `jcusijc wibb fctfr it. _jsf waj oif kf`eusf j it (ky rfspjcoicg tj tafir ebsf Niaeo) erf ic taf ſtrf. _f aerd j taf tjcguf ic it wibb kf grfetfr taec taet j taf swjro (oissfdiceticg iofes djrf aerdub taec bjcfwjb e`tjrs).— Eooitijcebby, tafrf is `bferby cj cffo tj eojpt e pjbiti`eb grjup et ebb ic tafsf tidfs j `jcusijc. Es taf ]rjpaft (sews) fxpbeicfo tj Auoaeiea ikc Eb-Yedec (ree), ‒_frf wibb kf `ebbfrs tj taf ojjrs j taf Afbbſtrf…_fy erf rjd jur pfjpbf eco tafy spfeh jur tjcguf.’ Pj Auoaeiea (ree) eshfo, ‑Eco waet oj yju jrofr df tj oj i taet rfe`afs df:’ Af (sews) rfpbifo, ‑Eoafrf tj taf Nedeea (denjrity j Dusbid) eco tj tafir Ided (bfeofr). Cut Auoaeiea wes ictfbbigfct, eco sj af `jcticufo ky seyicg, ‒Eco i tafy aevf cfitafr Ided cjr Nedeea:’ Pj taf ]rjpaft (sews) rfpbifo, ‑Witaorew yjursfb rjd ebb j tajsf grjups, fvfc i taet dfecs jr yju tj kitf jc tj taf rjjt j e trff uctib ofeta jvfr`jdfs yju waibf yju erf upjc taet stetf.— @bferby tj oif witajut ebbfgiec`f tj e Haibeea ic e pfrijo j uc`frteicty is er rjd jrkioofc.
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Ic `jc`busijc, wf urgf taf rf`jgcitijc taet Isbed is kuibt jc petifc`f. Ebbea’s Dfssfcgfr aes ebsj wercfo taet, ‒Aestf is rjd taf Paeytec.— Yft, ajw decy oio wf sff rusa tj njic taf Haewerin-Haibeea: Ajw decy oj wf sff `jcticuf tj rusa tj ette`h iccj`fct dfc, wjdfc, eco `aiborfc sidpby kf`eusf tafy rfsiof ic taf Wfst, ofspitf `bfer wercicg rjd taf ]rjpaft (sews) ekjut ojicg sj: Kf`eusf taet dfssegf stibb rfsjcetfs, wf esh taf rfeofr tj `jctfdpbetf eco saerf e stjry rjd Ided Aessec eb Kesri, taf grfet s`ajber rjd edjcgst taf teki’ffc (ſtrst tarff gfcfretijcs j Dusbids). E grjup j Dusbids `edf tj aid eco eshfo pfrdissijc tj rfkfb egeicst Eb-Aennen ikc Yusf, tafc taf Vdeyyeo Haebiea eco jpprfssjr waj hibbfo taf grfet `jdpecijc Ekoubbea ikc ^ukeir eco jtafrs. _f destfr j taf rfbigijc fxpbeicfo tj tafd, ‒I tais is e ſttcea rjd Ebbea, tafc I sff cj wey jut fx`fpt petifc`f taet yju sajubo kf petifct. Eco i it is e pucisadfct tafc yju `eccjt rfdjvf it wita swjros.— Kut taf yjutaub qufstijcfrs wfrf sffhicg jcby jcf ecswfr eco bfl tj ſtgat rfgerobfss. _fy wfrf sjjc desse`rfo eco Eb-Aennen usfo taf rfvjbt tj jpprfss taf iccj`fct eco fxpeco ais pjwfr. It is cjt ucbihf taf wey wf sff taf tyrect durofrfr Kesaer eb-Esseo kfcfſtticg rjd IPIP uctj tais djdfct. Wafc taf etf j taf yjuta wes rfbeyfo tj Aessec eb-Kesri, af fbekjretfo, ‒I taf pfjpbf aeo petifc`f tafc it wjuboc’t aevf kffc bjcg kfjrf tafy wfrf grectfo ec fs`epf, kut tafy rusafo jr tafir swjros eco sj tafy erf bfl tj tafir swjros. Gjicg tj taf swjro witajut petifc`f cfvfr krjugat ekjut ecy gjjo fvfr.— ]bfesf rff`t jc eco saerf tafsf wjros dy ofer krjtafrs eco sistfrs! Licebby, ic ecebyzicg taf sj-`ebbfo Isbedi` Ptetf eco its truf ajrriſt` ff`ts, wf digat rf`ebb taf preyfrs j IPIP’ jwc bfeofrsaip. Eku Duaeddeo eb-Eoceci suppbi`etfo ic e ;=5? spff`a, spff `a, ‒J Ebbea, i tais is e stetf st etf j haewerin, tafc krfeh its ke`h, hibb its bfeofrs, dehf its eg ebb, eco guiof its sjboifrs tj taf truta. J Ebbea, eco i it is e stetf j Isbed taet rubfs ky Yjur kjjh eco taf treoitijc j Yjur prjpaft, eco pfrjrds niaeo egeicst yjur fcfdifs, tafc hffp it ſtrd, strfcgtafc it, suppjrt it, grect it eutajrity ic taf beco, eco dehf it e haibeea upjc taf prjpafti` dftajojbjg dftajojbjgyy.— Cjw, e fw yfers betfr, wf sajubo rfvisit tais preyfr taet IPIP wibb cfvfr rffr ke`h tj ic its prjpegecoe. Wf sajubo qufstijc wai`a j taf twj aes kffc decifstfo ky Ebbea. Waibf decy dey rfdeic stukkjrc eco kfwib-
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ofrfo ky rf`fct `beids taet taf IPIP wibb survivf tarjuga taf wjrh j ‑hfykjero werrijrs’ ic`iticg pfjpbf tj orivf pfjpbf ojwc ic taf strfft jr kfafeo Wfstfrc tjurists, tais ebjcf sajubo kf suff`ifct. Aes taf preyfr cjt kffc ecswfrfo: _f Pj-`ebbfo Haibeea is ofeo eco taf ecswfr rjd Ebbea epperfct. Es Ikc eydiyyea seio, ‒It is seio taet Ebbea ebbjws taf nust stetf tj rfdeic fvfc i it is bfo ky uckfbifvfrs, kut Ebbea wibb cjt ebbjw taf jpprfssivf stetf tj rfdeic fvfc i it is bfo ky Dusbids. Eco it is seio taet taf wjrbo wibb fcourf wita nusti`f eco uckfbif, kut it wibb cjt fcourf wita jpprfssijc eco Isbed.— J Dusbids, taf sj-`ebbfo Haibeea H aibeea j IPIP is i s offetfo. Yft Yft ebb tjj decy Dusbids rfdeic eoafrfct tj e stegcect jrd j saeriea. Fvfc djofretfs upajbo taet taf rffstekbisadfct j e pec-Isbedi` Haibeea is ec jknf`tivf eco taet tais Ptetf dust aevf gbjkeb `jcqufst es its ubtidetf dissijc. Waet decy j taf ebbfgfoby djofretf ideds taet ajbo tais kfbif oj cjt eodit is taet tafir t afir rffrfc`f tj tfxts ic bitfrebist jrd kfbifvfs ic fxpecsij fxpecsijcery cery jfcsivf niaeo, e spf`ieb tex jr Nfws eco @aristiecs, `utticg taf aecos j taf taif, taf pfrdissikibity j sbevfry, stjcicg taf eoubtfrfr, eco jtafr taicgs taet wfrf sj`ieb cjrds wafc taf Uurec wes rfvfebfo. Ic aistjri`eb `jctfxt, Isbed’s pjsitijc jc tafsf dettfrs wes prjgrfssivf. _f ]rjpaft’s dfssegf pevfo taf wey jr urtafr ebtfretijcs eco prjgrfss. Af jfrfo e pereoigdeti` sail ic `jcs`ijuscfss. _is sail prf`fofo ecy cjtijc j jrgecizfo sj`ifty, its bfgeb espf`ts eco e bitfrebist eco stegcect ictfrprftetijc j saeriea. _f Dfoicec sj`ifty rff`tfo taf aferts j taf ferby Dusbids. Es taf ]rjpaft seio, ‒Es yju erf, sj erf taf bfeofrs ekjvf yju.— It is cjt e tjp-ojwc prj`fss wafrf bfeofrsaip is taf jknf`tivf. Af (sews) fdpaesizfo tais wafc af seio, ‒Ky Ebbea, wf oj cjt essigc taf eutajrity j rubicg tj tajsf waj esh jr it, cjr tj tajsf waj erf hffc tj aevf it—, eco ‒Yju pfjpbf wibb kf hffc tj aevf taf eutajrity j rubicg wai`a wibb kf e taicg j rfgrft jr yju jc taf Oey j [fsurrf`tijc— Ic jbbjwicg erti`bfs rfbetfo tj tais tjpi`, wf wibb eoorfss taf gfcfreb `jc`fpt j Haibeea eco pjbiti`eb Isbed es ucofrstjjo tafsf tafs f oeys ky decy, decy, decy Dusbids. It is e dfecs j jpfcicg up taf afert eco dico tj ec ictfrprftetijc ictfrprftet ijc j Isbed taet j`usfs bfss jc ucoedfctebist rubf-jbbjwicg eco djrf jc sukstec`f eco spiritueb `jccf`tfocfss. _et is taf truf purpjsf j jur kfbjvfo ]rjpaft Duaeddeo (sews). It wes cfvfr ais jknf`tivf tj fstekbisa e sj-`ebbfo Haibeea kut tj `jcvfy taf dfssegf j djcjtafisd eco `jcs`ijuscfss j Gjo.
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Jc`f upjc e tidf ic 76= E.O., e yjucg pric`f cedfo Ekour [eadec quiftby bfl ais ajdf ic Oedes`us, `epiteb j taf Vdeyyeo @ebipaetf. Af wes taf best Vdeyyeo pric`f, pfraeps ic ais betf tffcs jr ferby twfctifs. Ais fbbjw rjyeb afirs aeo kffc sbeugatfrfo es taf Vdeyyeos wfrf bjsicg `jctrjb jvfr taf @ebipaetf tj taf Ekkesios. Wafc taf Ekkesios jfrfo e tru`f tj taf Vdeyyeo rubicg ediby, tafy afbo e kecquft, icvitfo tafd ebb, fo tafd wfbb, eco tafc aeo tafd essessicetfo, taet is fx`fpt jr Ekour [eadec. Icstfeo, taf best Vdeyyeo pric`f stfebtaiby wjvf ais wey jr ſtvf yfers wfstwero kfjrf fvfctuebby sfttbicg et taf urtafst fxpecsf j taf Dusbid wjrbo, ic waet is cjw sjutafrc Ppeic, wai`a e grjup j Cjrta Eri`ec Kfrkfrs eco Vdeyyeo-bfo Ereks aeo `jcqufrfo ic 755. _f beco, wai`a taf Dusbids `ebbfo Eb-Ecoebus, wes cedfo elfr taf \ecoebs, taf Gfrdeci` trikf taet aeo prfvijusby rubfo taf tfrritjry. _f best Vdeyyeo pric`f sjjc sfttbfo ic @jrojke, e `ity jrigicebby cedfo elfr e [jdec waj aeo rubfo kfjrf taf \isigjta `jcqufst. Eb-Ecoebus wes taf ertafst taf Dusbids aeo fxpecofo ictj waet wjubo gj jc tj kf`jdf Furjpf. Jc ais etafr’s siof, Ekour [eadec wes e ofs`fcoect j taf `jdpecijcs j taf ]rjpaft (sews), yft ais djtafr wes Kfrkfr. _is `jdkicetijc deof it fesy jr aid tj ucitf taf Kfrkfrs eco Ereks eco tehf `jctrjb j taf tfrritjry, taus jrdicg jcf `jafsivf Eb-Ecoebus ic taf Ikfriec ]fcicsube, wita taf fx`fptijc j sjdf tfrritjry @aristiecs rfteicfo `jctrjb jvfr ic taf Cjrta. Vciyicg taf tfrritjry wes jcby taf kfgiccicg ajwfvfr. Pjjc, ec ‒Ecoebusiec-Fcbigatfcdfct— eoofo `jctrikutijcs tj sj`ifty su`a es bikrerifs, s`ajjbs, ucivfrsitifs, pukbi` ketarjjds, bitfreturf, pjftry, eco er`aitf`turf. _is wjrh wes ofvfbjpfo tarjuga taf uciſt`etijc j pfjpbf eco taichfrs j ebb eitas eco ftaci` jrigics.
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Ljr 0== yfers, taf rubf j Ekour [eadec’s ofs`fcoects ic waet is cjw `ebbfo Ppeic wjubo rfprfsfct e hfy cjt`a jc taf aistjri`eb tidfbicf j audec prjgrfss, e rfprfsfctetijc j rfesjc eco rfbigijc, j s`ifctiſt` eco ertisti` fx`fbbfc`f, j rfspf`t, tjbfrec`f eco bfercicg taet wjubo gj jc tj kirta taf [fceissec`f eco bfevf rfsioufs taet wjubo fvfctuebby `jctrikutf tj taf Fcbigatfcdfct. joey, decy aevf bjst tre`h j tais aistjry eco icstfeo eojpt e @besa j @ivibizetijcs pereoigd eco gbjkeb wer jc tfrrjr pereoigd taet tfcos tj aigabigat oifrfc`fs kftwffc ec Jrifctebist Fest eco J``iofcteb Wfst. _is pereoigd pfrpftuetfs `jci`t eco taf cjtijc j taf ‒Jtafr—. Yft, e rfturc tj Dusbid-@aristiec-Nfwisa Ppeic aferhfcs tj e aistjri`eb pfeh rfprfsfctetivf j e sail ic `jcs`ijuscfss eco sj`ifty. _is aistjri`eb pfeh oj`udfcts taet `ivibizetijc, ic e sicguber sfcsf, is cjt taf prjou`t j e sicgbf rfgijc, re`f, jr rfbigijc kut retafr e `jbbf`tivf fjrt j ebb j audecity eco aistjry.
_f Ecoebusiec-Fcbigatfcdfct Eb-Ecoebus wjubo jurisa. Ekour [eadec wjubo fstekbisa taf kesis jr e sj`ifty taet wjubo best 1== yfers eco taet wafc ucitfo rivebfo tjoey’s gbjkebisd eco dubti`ubturebisd. _frf wes f`jcjdi` prjspfrity, ec ic`rfesf ic pjpubetijc, eco ucprf`fofctfo `ubtureb fx`aecgfs. Et taf tidf j Ekour [eadec’s rfsfttbfdfct, bfss taec jcf pfr`fct j taf @aristiec pjpubetijc ic Eb-Ecoebus wes Dusbid. Yft, witaic e fw gfcfretijcs, djst j taf @aristiecs aeo `jcvfrtfo eco ictfrderriegf aeo ictfrdixfo pfjpbf j ebb ftaci` eco `ubtureb jrigics, rjd Aispecj-[jdec, Kfrkfr, Erek eco jtafrs. _f jspricg j Ekour [eadec eco ais afirs tj taf tarjcf ic @jrojke wfrf ebdjst ebweys `jc`fivfo wita @aristiec djtafrs rjd taf Cjrta, jr fxedpbf. _fir kbuf fyfs eco pebf shic wfrf `jcstect burfs j ettre`tijc wafc `itizfcs j taf Festfrc Isbedi` Fdpirfs wjubo visit Eb-Ecoebus ic suksfqufct `fcturifs. _f ictfrderriegf kftwffc oifrfct `ubturfs wes hfy tj taf ofvfbjpdfct j Eb-Ecoebus eco its iofctity. Eb-Ecoebus wes ajdf tj @aristiecs, Dusbids, eco Nfws, eco, jr taf djst pert, tafrf wes aerdjcy eco tjbfrec`f. _is pfrijo, hcjwc es Be @jcvivfc`ie (@jfxistfc`f), aes kffc ofs`rikfo es jcf j taf ‒rerf pfrijos ic aistjry— wafc taf tarff rfbigijcs oio cjt fitafr hffp ‒tafir oistec`f rjd jcf ecjtafr, jr wfrf ic `jci`t.— It wes e `ubturf j spiritueb eco s`ifctiſt` bfercicg. Ky taf tidf Ekour [eadec’s grfet grecosjc `edf tj rubf, af ajusfo e bikrery j 7==,=== vjbudfs waibf taf rfst j Furjpf’s bergfst bikrery `jcteicfo cj djrf taec 7==. Ereki` kf`edf taf bicgue rec`e eco sjjc @aristiec yjuta espirfo tj iditetf Ereki` pjftry ic taf sedf wey pfjpbf ebb jvfr taf wjrbo fdkre`f Edfri`ec dusi` jr jtafr fctfrteicdfcts `urrfctby. Es e @aristiec taichfr, ]eub Ebverus, paresfo it 5== yfers elfr Ekour [eadec deof ais ajdf ic @jrojke, ‒_f @aristiecs bjvf tj rfeo pjfds eco rjdec`fs j taf Ereks8 tafy stuoy tafir tafjbjgiecs eco paibjsjpafrs, cjt tj rfutf tafd kut tj jrd e `jrrf`t eco fbfgect Ereki`.— It wes tafsf @aristiecs taet wjubo gj jc tj kricg taf es`iceticg ictfbbf`tueb treoitijc tafy wfrf iddfrsfo ic tj Furjpf eco rfvivf @aristiec ictfbbf`tuebisd. _f Grffh paibjsjpafrs taf Ereks aeo trecsbetfo ic taf Fest deof tafir wey tj Eb-Ecoebus eco wfrf trecsbetfo ictj Betic. _is afbpfo icou`f taf [fceissec`f eco fvfctuebby taf Fcbigatfcdfct. Eb-Ecoebus wes ajdf tj pukbi` keta ajusfs, ruccicg wetfr, equfou`ts, eco sfwegf. It’s
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`itifs aeo pevfo eco wfbb-bit strffts. @jrojke ajstfo tajuseco j sajps, eco ec iccudfrekbf cudkfr j djsqufs. Er`aitf`tureb eovec`fdfcts wfrf pafcjdfceb. Ljr fxedpbf, taf Grfet Djsquf j @jrojke, wai`a stertfo tj kf kuibt ic 71? jc tjp j e @aristiec tfdpbf, stibb stecos tjoey. Ebaedkre, taf [fo Djsquf ic Greceoe, stibb stecos tjoey. It’s stru`turf, kuibt jc e sdebb pbjt j beco, aerdjcizfo taf spe`f eco wes `jcstru`tfo jc e oivicf prjpjrtijc taet sjugat tj givf taf idprfssijc j afevfc jc Ferta. ‒It wes e triudpa j detafdeti`s es du`a es it wes efstafti`s.— Egri`ubtureb eovec`fdfcts, idpjrtfo rjd taf Dusbid wjrbo, ic`rfesfo treof eco oivfrsiſtfo prjou`ts. [ureb erfes eojptfo egri`ubtureb tf`aciqufs, su`a es irrigetijc, eco idpjrts eoofo cfw itfds su`a es suger eco `jff. Dfoitfrrecfec rjutfs j `jddfr`f prfvijusby usfo ky taf [jdecs wfrf rf`jcſtguretfo eco fxpecofo. Fesy treof kftwffc @jrojke, `epiteb j taf Ecoebusiec `ebipaetf, eco Kegaoeo ebbjwfo jr taf betfst trfcos rjd taf festfrc dftrjpjbis tj kf ictrjou`fo ic Ecoebusie. _f icitieb aistjry j Eb-Ecoebus, tafrfjrf, oj`udfcts taet, `jctrery tj waet @aristiec ucoedfctebists jr waitf suprfde`ists `jcsiofr e sjbfby Furjpfec `ivibizetijc rfficg dechico rjd e prffxistfct kerkerisd, Furjpfec `ivibizetijc is itsfb bergfby ec jutgrjwta j Isbedi` Ppeic, eco Isbedi` Ppeic itsfb e rfprfsfctetijc j taf Esiec, ]frsiec, ]frsie c, Eri`ec, Icoiec eco jtafr `ubturfs taet prf`fofo its risf eco taet wfrf eksjrkfo ouricg t af icitieb pfrijo j Isbed’s fxpecsijc jut j taf Erekiec ofsfrt elfr taf ]rjpaftajjo j Duaeddeo (sews) aeo `jc`buofo. Yft, it is idpjrtect tj rf`jgcizf taet waibf Dusbid `jctrjb ic Eb-Ecoebus bestfo 1== yfers, taf 0==-yfer pfrijo j Vdeyyeo rubf is wafrf it fxpfrifc`fo djst j its spbfcojr. _f fctirf 1== yfer pfrijo aes kffc `eusf j cjstebgie edjcg Dusbids. Elfr taf ette`hs ic Ker`fbjce jc Eugust 57ta, ;=51, twj IPIP suppjrtfrs rfbfesfo e viofj `ebbicg jr taf rf`jcqufricg j Ppeic es pert j taf Dusbid Fdpirf> ‒Ebbea wibbicg, Eb-Ecoebus wibb kf`jdf egeic waet it wes, pert j taf `ebipaetf. Ppecisa @aristiecs, ojc’t jrgft taf Dusbid kbjjo spibt ouricg taf Ppecisa icquisitijc.— Ajwfvfr, djofretf ideds ebsj aferhfc tj taf egf j Isbedi` Ppeic es i ebb j taf Wfst is icofktfo tj it jr es i it fdkjoifs ebb j waet `jctfdpjrery bikfreb ofdj`re`ifs jfr tafir `itizfcs. _et is cjt fxe`tby taf `esf ajwfvfr. Ecy rfvisiticg j Eb-Ecoebus wibb jcby essist ic idprjvicg taf djofrc wjrbo i it is ucofrstjjo eksfct iofebisds. Ic rfebity, taf fre j Ecoebusiec Fcbigatfcdfct stertfo tj eof ic 5==9, elfr taf ofeta j rubfr Ekoub Debih eb-Duzeer eco taf ekjbitijc j Vdeyyeo `jctrjb jvfr Eb-Ecoebus ic 5=05. _f jc`f uciſtfo tfrritjry oiviofo ictj sdebbfr teies (`ity stetfs) taet ettfdptfo tj rfprjou`f taf @jrojkec @ebipaetf et e sdebbfr s`ebf. _fsf bj`ebitifs, jrgecizfo ucofr oifrfct eco oisegrfficg pric`fs, stertfo tj icitietf `ivib wers eco icſtgaticg kftwffc Dusbids. Pjjc, Kfrkfrs wfrf jppjsicg Ereks. Lregdfctetijc ic taf ictfrceb stetf j Eb-Ecoebus ebtfrfo its stetus es e `jcsistfct eco uciſtfo tfrritjry eco stertfo tj `rfetf taf oivisijcs cf`fssery cf`fssery jr taf rfessfrtijc j @aristiec ojdicetijc. Es Dusbid aistjriec Pubeydec Cyecg put it, regdfctetijc ictj `ity stetfs wes, ‒taf sjur`f j oisucity eco betfr taf `jbbepsf j Dusbid pjwfr ic taf Ikfriec ]fcicsube.— Af fbekjretfs, ‒_fsf oifrfct hicgojds taet wfrf `rfetfo ky ky taf Ereks ſtgaticg fe`a jtafr eco sjdf j tafd wibb ebigc wita sjdf @aristiecs egeicst sjdf Ereks, eco sjdf @aristiecs wibb ucitf egeicst taf Ereks wita sjdf jtafr Ereks…Betfr jc wafc taf iofjbjgy j taf @ruseofs ofvfbjpfo tafsf oycesti` eco pfrsjceb ictfrfsts kfgec tj kf bfss eco bfss eco yju kfgec tj sff pjberizetijc egeicst @aristiecs eco Dusbids.—
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Ic rfspjcsf tj taf `ivib `jci`ts, twj Isbedist grjups, taf Durekitjjc eco Duweafoffc, Kfrkfr sjboifrs rjd taf Peaere, errivfo tj taf Ikfriec ]fcicsube wita taf ictfctijc j uciyicg taf oiviofo Ecoebusiec tfrritjrifs. Yft, tafy krjugat ebjcg e bitfrebist eco rigio ictfrprftetijc j Isbed taet wes bergfby e rff`tijc j e stegcetijc ic rff taichicg ic taf rfst j taf Dusbid wjrbo wafrf treoitijcebist s`ajbers wfrf rfnf`ticg taf paibjsjpay eco bjgi` rjd s`ajbers bihf Ikc [usao (Evfrrjfs) eco Eku Pice, eutajrs taet wjubo gj jc tj aevf oredeti` icufc`f edjcgst uturf @aristiec taichfrs. _f vivio dubti`ubturebisd ic Isbedi` Ppeic ouricg taf ſtrst fw aucorfo yfers rfprfsfctfo e pereoigd sail ic ictfbbf`tuebisd, `jcs`ijuscfss, s`ifc`f eco pjbiti`eb iofctity. It icou`fo e sail ic `jfxistfc`f eco ictfreita rfbetijcs, kut taet stertfo tj ebtfr wita taf t af turc j taf dibbfciud. Nfws eco @aristiecs wfrf jrigicebby jrigicebby ucrfstri`tfo ic sj`ieb bif kut tjbfrec`f ic Eb-Ecoebus greouebby ofpbftfo. Cjc-Dusbids wfrf pfrsf`utfo eco `jcsiofrfo ‒sf`jco `bess— `itizfcs. _fy peio e tex ( nizye) wai`a, it dust ebsj kf seio, fxfdptfo tafd rjd dibitery sfrvi`f. Fvfctuebby, @aristiecs eco Nfws wfrf jr`fo tj wjrh dfcieb njks Dusbids oftfrdicfo tafdsfbvfs ucſtt jr. Es stetfo ic e 5;ta `fctury rubicg> ‒E Dusbid dust cjt dessegf e Nfw jr e @aristiec cjr tarjw ewey ais rfusf cjr `bfec ais betricfs. _f Nfw eco taf @aristiec erf kfttfr ſtttfo jr su`a treofs, sic`f tafy erf taf treofs j tajsf waj erf vibf.— Et tidfs, tafy wfrf fvfc desse`rfo, su`a es wafc Nfws wfrf `jbbf`tivfby sbeugatfrfo ic Greceoe ic 5=<<. Waibf taf `jrf j Eb-Ecoebus regdfctfo, up cjrta, taf ſtrst @ruseof ic 5=9< sperhfo e frvjr ic taf @aristiec pjpubetijc taet wes kesfo prideriby upjc e cerretivf jc taf cf`fssity j tehicg ke`h Nfrusebfd eco taf Ajby Beco rjd kerkeri` kerkeri ` eco pegec Dusbids. _f @ruseofs wfrf tafdsfbvfs t afdsfbvfs e `ebb tj e ‒@besa j @ivibizetijcs— @ivi bizetijcs—.. @aristiecs @aristi ecs aeo cjt jcby kfcfſttfo rjd taf prfvijus eovec`fs j Dusbid Eb-Ecoebus, kut tafy aeo e`aifvfo e sidiber sfctidfct j uddea (`jdducity) eco ebsj `edf tj ucofrsteco taf `jc`fpt j niaeo es ajby wer. _fy sjjc rfictfrprftfo it es su`a tarjuga @aristiec s`ripturf. _f iofjbjgy j taf @ruseofs wes eojptfo ky taf @aristiecs ic Cjrtawfstfrc Ppeic es tafy ebsj vifwfo Isbedi` Ppeic es e @aristiec tfrreic taet cffofo rf`jcqufrfo, eco Dusbid `ivibizetijc es rfprfsfctetivf j taf kerkerisd taf @aur`a wes prjpegeticg. Waibf Eb-Ecoebus’ ‒ri`a wfk j ettituofs ekjut `ubturf, eco taf ictfbbf`tueb jpubfc`f taet it sydkjbizfo— wes bergfby rfspjcsikbf jr taf erriveb j bfercicg eco tjbfrec`f jc taf Ikfriec pfcicsube, it wes taf sprfeo eco ubtidetf `besa kftwffc taf ‒oftfrdicfoby `ruseoicg jr`fs rjd Betic @aristfcojd eco taf fquebby eceti` Kfrkfr Ebdjaeos— taet spfbbfo taf fco jr dfoifveb Ppeic’s `ubturf j tjbfrec`f. _is turc prfperfo taf Dusbid wjrbo jr of`bicf. @aristiecs greouebby tjjh ke`h tfrritjry ic waet wes tfrdfo taf [f`jcquiste. Wererf fcsufo uctib, ic 5?9;, taf best strjcgajbo j Isbedi` Ppeic wes `jcqufrfo ic Greceoe. _et oey, J`tjkfr 5;, 5?9;, aes kffc ofs`rikfo ky @aristiec cetijcebists es ‒taf djst oisticguisafo eco kbfssfo oey tafrf aes fvfr kffc ic Ppeic.— Wita taf ſtceb
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`jcqufst ic 5?9;, Nuoeisd wes keccfo. Ecti-Pfditisd rec redpect. E ‑Ajby Icquisitijc,’ wai`a sjugat tj iofctiy afrfti`s eco Dusbids eco Nfws taet aeo `jcvfrtfo icsic`frfby, bfo tj wit`a aucts. @aristiecity wes jlfc fcjr`fo tarjuga tjrturf eco idprisjcdfct. Ljr`fo `jcvfrsijcs, wai`a kftreyfo taf rfbigijus rffojd grectfo tj Dusbids ky taf rfety j Greceoe sigcfo ic 5?9;, `ubdicetfo ic taf freoi`etijc j Dusbids rjd Ppeic ky 56=5. Fc`juregfo ky taf su``fss, Uuffc Isekfbbe issufo ec foi`t ic 56=; wai`a keccfo Isbed jr ebb j @estibf. _fsf pre`ti`fs `jcticufo. Icufc`fo ky taf @ruseofr dfctebity eco kesfo jc taf tarfet pjsfo ky taf urhs, Djris`js (Dusbids waj aeo kffc jr`fubby keptizfo) wfrf `jdpbftfby fxpfbbfo rjd Ppecisa tfrritjry kftwffc 5<=9 eco 5<50. It wes e pfrijo orivfc ky pric`ipbfs j ictjbfrec`f eco cjt ucbihf tajsf taet fxtrfdists jc ebb siofs fcojrsf tjoey, pric`ipbfs taet pfrpftuetf `jci`t eco prfvfct `ivibizetijceb tjbfrec`f eco `jjpfretijc.
_f Cfw @besa j @ivibizetijcs _f stjry j Eb-Ecoebus is es`iceticg yft eirby jrgjttfc. Ic decy weys, taf stjry j taf sj`ifty Ekour [eadec fstekbisafo is perti`uberby rfbfvect tjoey, fspf`iebby es wf fctfr ictj taf 51ta yfer j taf gbjkeb wer jc tfrrjr, ec ictfrcetijceb pereoigd taet rfsfdkbfs du`a j taf `jdpbi`etijcs essj`ietfo wita taf of`bicf j Eb-Ecoebus eco taf @aristiec [f`jcquiste. [f`jcquiste. _is pfrijo tre`hs wfbb wita fvfcts taet j``urrfo et taf fco j taf @jbo Wer ic taf ferby 599=’s eco e tafjry `ebbfo taf ‒@besa j @ivibizetijcs.— Ic 599=, es taf V.P.P.[. wes `rudkbicg eco taf kipjber @jbo Wer jrofr wes oisictfgreticg, tafc V.P. ]rfsiofct Gfjrgf Kusa eccjuc`fo taf kirta j e Cfw Wjrbo Jrofr, ‒e cfw fre ‟ rffr rjd taf tarfet j tfrrjr, strjcgfr ic taf pursuit j nusti`f, eco djrf sf`urf ic taf qufst jr pfe`f.— Af deof ais stetfdfct ic taf `jctfxt j taf jcsft j taf ſtrst Gub Wer wai`a prfvfctfo Peooed Aussfic’s icvesijc j Huweit, fcofo ic taf swil sajwicg Edfri`e’s ucrivebfo jr`f eco sjjc sffdfo tj `jcſtrd e `jdditdfct tj ‒ec fre ic wai`a taf cetijcs j taf wjrbo, Fest eco Wfst, Cjrta eco Pjuta, `ec prjspfr eco bivf ic aerdjcy.— Pjjc tafrfelfr, pjbiti`eb s`ifctist Lrec`is Luhuyede kjboby prjcjuc`fo ec ‑Fco j Aistjry.’ ‒Waet wf dey kf witcfssicg is cjt nust taf fco j taf @jbo Wer, jr taf pessicg j e perti`uber pfrijo j pjst-wer aistjry, kut taf fco j aistjry es su`a> taet is, taf fco pjict j dechico’s iofjbjgi`eb fvjbutijc eco taf uci vfrsebizetijc vfrsebizetij c j Wfstfrc bikfreb ofdj`re`y ofdj`re`y es taf ſtceb jrd j j audec audec gjvfrcdfc gjvfrcdfct, t,— af seio. Ajwfvfr, tais pfrspf`tivf aeo its oftre`tjrs. Ljr jtafrs, taf fco j taf @jbo Wer wes jcby taf kfgiccicg j ec ebtfretijc ic taf ceturf j `jci`t. Pedufb ]. Aucticgtjc, Luhuyede’s tfe`afr, prjpjsfo taet wf wjubo retafr fctfr ictj ec fre derhfo ky e @besa j @ivibizetijcs wafrf ‒uturf wers wjubo kf jugat cjt kftwffc `juctrifs, kut kftwffc `ubturfs.— @aebbfcgfr `ivibizetijcs, su`a es taf @aicfsf eco Isbedi`, rfprfsfctfo e cfw tarfet tj taf ictfrcetijceb bikfreb jrofr. Ic taf dicos j decy, taf aeddfr eco si`hbf j @jdducisd wjubo kf rfpbe`fo rfpbe `fo wita fer j taf ‒kbjjoy kjrofrs— j taf Dusbid-denjrity wjrbo eco e ‒grffc pfrib,— e rffrfc`f tj taf grffc `rfs`fct j pjbiti`eb Isbed. E``jroicg tj Aucticgtjc eco ais suppjrtfrs, taf Wfst eco Isbed wfrf ofsticfo tj fcgegf ic e bjcg eco vijbfct struggbf jvfr `jctrjb j taf Dioobf Fest, ic`buoicg its jib rfsjur`fs. _f @besa j @ivibizetijcs aypjtafsis wes sffdicgby `jcſtrdfo jc Pfptfdkfr 55, ;==5, wita taf Eb-Uefoe Eb-U efoe bfo pbecf aine`hicgs taet krjugat ojwc taf t af Wjrbo Wjrbo reof reof @fctfr eco
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ait taf ]fctegjc. Pjjc tafrfelfr, taf @besa j @ivibizetijcs dfctebity wes rff`tfo ic waet kf`edf e ‑Gbjkeb Wer jc frrjr.’ Ic taf elfrdeta j 9/55, ]rfsiofct Gfjrgf Kusa III ucofrstecoekby issufo e wercicg. ‒Fvfry cetijc, ic fvfry rfgijc, cjw aes e of`isijc tj dehf. Fitafr yju erf erf wita us, jr yju erf wita taf tfrrjrists,— tfrrjrists,— af seio. Af fdpaesizfo waibf djurcicg taf vi`tids j 9/55 taet ‒tais `ruseof, tais wer jc tfrrjrisd is gjicg tj tehf e waibf.— _f gbjkeb wer jc tfrrjr cerretivf wes sjjc fdkre`fo ky bfeofrs erjuco taf wjrbo ic`buoicg Jsede kic Beofc. Pitticg jc e djucteictjp ic J`tjkfr ;==5, Eb-Uefoe’s bfeofr sjjc fcojrsfo taf @besa j @ivibizetijcs djofb. Kic Beofc fxpbjitfo taf situetijc eco fxpbeicfo taet jr Edfri`e’s ]rfsiofct, ‒taf wjrbo aes tj kf oiviofo ic twj> Kusa eco ais suppjrtfrs, eco ecy `juctry taet ojfsc’t gft ictj taf gbjkeb `ruseof is wita taf tfrrjrists. Waet tfrrjrisd is `bferfr taec tais:— Af `reliby orfw rjd taf pric`ipbf taet ‑jcf dec’s tfrrjrist is ecjtafr’s rffojd ſtgatfr’ eco ettfdptfo tj gebvecizf Dusbid yjuta fxpbeicicg wita twistfo ictfrprftetijcs j Isbedi` s`ripturf taet tajsf waj suppjrtfo ]rfsiofct ]rfsiof ct Kusa, ‒fvfc ‒fvfc wita jcf wjro,— wjro,— wfrf ic e`t e` t cjt Dusbid et ebb, e oj`tricf oj `tricf j tehſtr (fx`jdduci`e (fx`jdduci`etijc) taet aes `jcticufo tj dftestesizf tj taf ofgrff taet Dusbids hibbicg Dusbids ic taf Dioobf Fest aes kf`jdf ebb tjj cjrdeb eco `jddjcpbe`f. Dfecwaibf, Djaeddeo Haetidi, prfsiofct j Irec rjd 5997‐;==6, ictrjou`fo taf tafjry j ‒Oiebjguf Edjcg @ivibizetijcs— es e rfspjcsf tj t j Aucticgtjc’ Aucticgtjc’s tafjry. _is oj`tricf oj`tr icf jstfcsikby fcojrsfo fcojrsf o oiebjguf oiebjgu f jvfr `jci`t. Ajwfvfr, fdkre`icg taf `jc`fpt j `ivibizetijcs, ic taf pbureb, pbur eb, bfcos itsfb tj e `jc`fptijc j oiebjguf oie bjguf taet dfrfby dfecs tebhicg, eco ic taf `esf j Irec, wita ec idpbi`it sfcsf taet Isbedi` `ivibizetijc ucofr Paiitf rubf is cjt jcby supfrijr tj ebb jtafrs kut ofsticfo tj `jcqufr taf wjrbo ic prjpaf`y taet orivfs of`isijc-dehicg. _is is fdkjoifo ic iccudfrekbf stetfdfcts j tajsf effbietfo wita taf Ireciec rfgidf, su`a es Haetidi’s su``fssjr Eadfo Eadeoicfneo’s stetfdfct ic ;==7 taet, ‒Ic taf wjrbo, tafrf erf ofvietijcs rjd taf rigat peta> @aristiecity eco Nuoeisd. Ojbbers aevf kffc ofvjtfo tj taf prjpegetijc j tafsf ofvietijcs. _frf erf ebsj ebsf `beids taet tafsf XrfbigijcsT wibb sevf dechico. Kut Isbed is taf jcby rfbigijc taet X`ecT sevf dechico.— _et is cjt ec jpfc-dicofo pjsitijc. Figatffc yfers ic eco tafrf rfdeics cj fco ic sigat tj taf gbjkeb wer jc tfrrjr. IPIP’ `ebipaetf aes bjst ebb its tfrreic eco Eb-Uefoe eco its suppjrtfrs erf jc taf ruc, kut niaeoists erf ic cj wey offetfo. _f ebikec sff vi`tjry jc taf ajrizjc ic Egaecistec. Ljur tidfs es decy sebeſt niaeoists es tafrf wfrf jc Pfptfdkfr 55, ;==5, rfdeic e`tivf jc kettbfſtfbos ic ojzfcs j `juctrifs. Ebdjst fvfry oey, tfrrjrist ette`hs `jcticuf tj aerd iccj`fcts `eugat ic taf `rjssſtrf j taf @besa j @ivibizetijcs. Jcbicf niaeoist prjpegecoe `jcticufs tj djtivetf ette`hs ebb jvfr. _f prjtre`tfo Wer jc frrjr pereoigd aes fcaec`fo ecti-Edfri`ec sfctidfct ic taf Dusbid-denjrity wjrbo. Es taf V.P. eco its ebbifs aevf rfdeicfo fdkrjibfo ic `jci`t, [ussie, Irec, @aice, eco jtafr eutajriteriec rfgidfs aevf kfcfſttfo. Cjw, Kesaer eb-Esseo rfdeics ic `jctrjb jvfr djst j Pyrie eco taf `rffpicg eutajriteriec tarfet eo vec`fs es @aice,-[ussie, @aice,-[ussie, eco Irec Irec bjjh bjjh tj rfkuibo eco fxfrt eooitijceb eooitijceb icufc`f ic taf Dioobf Fest. Ebb tais fcoecfcoecgfrs taf uturf j e bikfreb wjrbo jrofr taet ic cj wey is pfrf`t, kut taet `frteicby is prffrekbf tj tjtebiteriecisd jr Wjrbo Wer III. Ptibb, djst oj cjt cjti`f. _fsf eutajriteriec rfgidfs aevf kffc fxpbjiticg taf bjcg wers ic Ireq, Egaecistec, eco fbsfwafrf ic weys sidiber tj ajw taf Vcitfo Ptetfs burfo [ussie ictj taf 5=-yfer bjcg Pjvift-Egaec wer taet prf`fofo taf ebb j taf V.P.P.[. Ic taf Wfst, suppjrt jr er-rigat wicg pertifs eco ecti-Isbedi` sfctidfct `rfetf fx`busivf, ecti-iddigrect, eco Isbedjpajki` sfctidfcts, waibf bfl-wicg rfe`tijcs grjw ic`rfesicgby reoi`eb eco fvfc fxtrfdf. Erjuco taf gbjkf, rfe`tijcery eco pjpubist pjbiti`iecs tep ictj taf @besa j @ivibizetijcs dicosft eco `rfetf ictfrceb eco fxtfrceb us-vfrsus-tafd pfrspf`tivfs taet aypfrpjberizf tafir sj`iftifs. Aetf eco fxtrfdisd erf jc taf risf fvfrywafrf, kut fw tre`f it ke`h tj taf jcsft j taf Wer jc frrjr. It is tidf jr e pereoigd sail ic taf @besa j @ivibizetijcs pereoigd, eco jcf j taf df`aecisds jr e`ibiteticg su`a e sail is e rfturc tj e prjpfr ucofrstecoicg j taf oistic`tijcs taet derhfo taf jcsft j Isbedi` Ppeic eco its `ubturf j tjbfrec`f eco `jcs`ijuscfss-reisicg. Ler rjd e @besa j @ivibizetijcs, taf 0==-yfer bfge`y j Ekour [eadec’s Vdeyyeo Dusbid Ppeic rfprfsfctfo e ‑Oiebjguf j @ivibizetijc,’ ic taf sicguber. @jbbf`tivf dechico wes fvjhfo es e sicgbf trikf, wai`a taf Uurec `ebbs
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Keci (trikf j) Eoed, wafrf `jfxistfc`f eco fcgegfdfct `fctfrfo djrf erjuco spirituebity eco bfss erjuco rfbigijus ojgde eco bitfrebisd. j kf `frteic, bif ic Eb-Ecoebus wes er rjd iofebisti`. Ajwfvfr, it wes ic Eb-Ecoebus taet Nfws wjubo rfois`jvfr eco rficvfct Afkrfw8 @aristiecs fdkre`fo Ereki` becguegf, orfss, fou`etijc, paibjsjpay, er`aitf`turf eco taf bihf8 dfc bihf Ekfbero, Deidjciofs eco Ikc [usa aeo bittbf prjkbfd icvfstigeticg s`ifc`f jr paibjsjpay eco bjgi` wita dfdkfrs j jtafr rfbigijcs. Ic taet sedf deccfr, tjoey’s ictfr`jccf`tfo wjrbo wjubo kfcfſtt rjd `jjpfretijc eco `jbbekjretijc wita taf jtafr eco ucofrstecoicg taet truf oiebjguf cf`fssitetfs taf ucofrstecoicg taet ebb j dechico erf ic tais tjgftafr eco taet `ivibizetijc is e prjou`t j ebb `ubturfs, re`fs, becguegfs eco taf `jcs`ijuscfss j dechico `jbbf`tivfby. I wf erf tj rfs`uf jursfbvfs rjd `ivibizetijceb of`bicf ehic tj taf oisictfgretijc j Eb-Ecoebus eco taf `jcsfqufctieb @ruseof eco [f`jcquiste, wf dust fxtre`t pric`ipbfs j tjbfrec`f ehic tj taf jrdubetijc j e cfw Ecoebusiec Fcbigatfcdfct.
jwero e Cfw Ecoebusiec Fcbigatfcdfct _f Kritisa writfr [uoyero Hipbicg edjusby wrjtf taet, ‒Fest is Fest, eco Wfst is Wfst, eco cfvfr taf tweic saebb dfft.— Decy `riti`s j wfstfrc ‒idpfriebisd— aevf pjictfo ic pert tj tais bicf es fviofc`f jr Hipbicg’s re`isd eco fcojrsfdfct j ec Jrifcteb Fest ic cffo j bikfretijc ky wey j jr`f rjd taf J``iofcteb, Wfstfrc fdpirf. _is wjubo sffd tj `jcſtrd ec jvfrwafbdicg suppjrt jvfr taf egfs jr e @besa j @ivibizetijcs pfrspf`tivf. Lfw, ajwfvfr, qujtf taf stecze ic `jctfxt. Ic rfebity, Hipbicg wrjtf>
‒Ja, Fest is Fest, eco Wfst is Wfst, eco cfvfr taf tweic saebb dfft. ibb Ferta eco Phy steco prfsfctby et Gjo’s grfet Nuogdfct sfet8 Kut tafrf is cfitafr Fest cjr Wfst, Kjrofr, cjr Krffo, cjr Kirta, Wafc twj strjcg dfc steco le`f tj le`f, tajuga tafy `jdf lrjd taf fcos jl taf ferta!— Waibf it is cjt et ebb uc`jddjc jr writfrs eco taichfrs tj kf qujtfo jut j `jctfxt, taf oistic`tijc kftwffc rfeoicg taf stecze ic isjbetijc eco rfeoicg it ic fctirfty is rfprfsfctetivf j taf `jrf `jdpbi`etijcs taet `urrfctby pfrpftuetf gbjkeb eco bj`eb `jci`ts. ehfc tjgftafr, it is epperfct taet Hipbicg wes ofs`rikicg taet taf ‒Jtafr— `ec sffd vfry oifrfct wafc vifwfo rjd eer eco rjd taf bfcs j rfbigijus ojgde eco oj`tricf, kut taet wafc pfjpbf ictfre`t e`f tj e`f, ic rfeb-tidf wita tajsf tafy oifr rjd, tafrf is djrf `jddjcebity taec oivisijc. It is taet sedf sfctidfct, ebjcg wita ec jppjsitijc tj taf gfcfreb disqujticg taet prfojdicetfs tjoey, taet `ec prfsfrvf audechico’s prjgrfss eco `ivibizetijceb eovec`fdfct witajut rfgrfssijc. Oivisivf pjberizetijc, aetf, eco fxtrfdisds taet pfrpftuetf taf @besa j @ivibizetijcs pfrspf`tivf tjoey erf bergfby e `jcsfqufc`f j be`hicg oiebjguf eco rfeb-bif fcgegfdfct. Pidiber tj qujticg Hipbicg jut j `jctfxt, cjstebgie jr Isbedi` Ppeic tjoey `ec kf bikfreticg jr afbp pfrpftuetf `ivibizetijceb oivisijc. _f aistjry j Isbedi` Ppeic `ec kf ictfrprftfo tarjuga oivfrgfct bfcsfs. Ljr Dusbids, Isbedi` Ppeic wes e pfrf`t sj`ifty kesfo ic tjbfrec`f. Niaeoists `ebb jr taf rftehicg j Eb-Ecoebus waibf treoitijcebists ic gfcfreb igcjrf taet Isbedi` Ppeic wes tjbfrect wita aistjri`eb `jcsiofretijcs ic dico kut aeroby ic `jdperisjc tj djofrc cjrds taet rfspf`t fqueb rigats ucofr taf bew jr ebb `itizfcs. Lucoedfctebists @aristiecs bjjh et taf rf`jcqufst j Ppeic es taf jcsft j fdec`ipetijc rjd ‑`rffpicg saerie.’ _fy usf it tj nustiy Isbedjpajkie eco suppjrt jr ecti-Dusbid pjbi`ifs jc issufs su`a es iddigretijc. Nfws rfbetf taf ictjbfrec`f j @aristiec Furjpf eco Ppeic’s rf`jcqufst es taf jcsft j ec ecti-Pfditisd taet `ubdicetfo ic taf etrj`itifs j taf Cezis, yft decy ucoedfctebist Nfws jlfc tidfs pfrpftretf sidiber rfsfctdfct egeicst ]ebfsticiecs. Wafc ucofrstjjo `jrrf`tby, taf tjbfrec`f eco `jfxistfc`f icou`fo ky Ekour [eadec’s Eb-Ecoebus rfprfsfct ec evfcuf tj e cfw Ecoebusiec Fcbigatfcdfct taet digat e`ibitetf e sail rjd taf @besa j @ivibizetijcs ictj e oiebjguf j `ivibizetijc pereoigd. j ff`tivfby icou`f e cfw Ecoebusiec Fcbigatfcdfct, prjgrfss rfsticg jc pric`ipbfs ectitafti`eb tj fxtrfdisd, kigjtry, aetf, eco fxtrfdisd dust pjsf ebtfrcetivfs tj `jci`t eco vijbfc`f.
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Ljr of`eofs, Isbedists aevf `riti`izfo eutajriteriec rfgidfs, eubtfo ofdj`re`y eco kbedfo Wfstfrc idpfriebisd jr taf eiburf j gjvfrcec`f ic taf Dusbid wjrbo. Ljr pjbiti`eb Isbedists, ‒Isbed is taf Pjbutijc,— kut tafy aevf cjt ofſtcfo eco jutbicfo waet taet sjbutijc is. _fy jlfc pjict tj Isbedi` Ppeic es fviofc`f j Isbed’s tjbfrec`f. Cfvfrtafbfss, tafy rfreic rjd fxpbeicicg taet tafy stibb `ebb jr nizye (tex j @aristiecs eco Nfws), rfstri`tijcs jc tafir prjpegetijc j taf eita eco decy jtafr ois`ridicetjry pjsitijcs, bihf rfstri`tijcs tj sfrvf ic gjvfrcdfct pjsitijcs. Ljr Isbedists, taf spirit j Eb-Ecoebus rfprfsfcts e cjstebgi` eco utjpi` pest, e tidf wafc tafy ojdicetfo jvfr jtafrs. It is e pest tafy aferhfc ke`h tj wita rfqufct tarfets tj jcf oey idpjsf tafir rigio 7ta `fctury bitfrebisd ky jr`f. Ljr `frteic, tafy hcjw bittbf j Eb-Ecoebus’ sukstec`f, its ert, er`aitf`turf, `rfetivity eco taf paibjsjpay tafy rfqufctby hibb tafir fbbjw Dusbids jr upajboicg tafsf oeys. Ic rfebity, djst fxtrfdists j taf oey wjubo `etfgjrizf djst j taf rfsiofcts j Eb-Ecoebus es afrfti`s eco epjstetfs. Wfrf tafy tj trevfb ke`h ic tidf, tafy wjubo cj ojukt ekajr Eb-Ecoebus’ `ubtureb eco `rfetivf fssfc`f. Wafrf Isbedists jr niaeoists aevf `jdf tj essudf eutajrity, tafir rubf aes kffc derhfo ky icfff`ifc`ifs eco jpprfssijc taet turcs pjpube`fs egeicst tafd. ]rjpaft Duaeddeo (sews) `edf wita e pereoigd sail taet fbfvetfo taf Ereks ekjvf trikebisd, ucitfo tafd erjuco e spiritueb peta, eco bfo tj ec fxpecsijc witaic 5== yfers taet `jvfrfo Eb-Ecoebus ic taf Wfst tj @aice ic taf Fest. joey’s Isbedists sff e rfvjbutijcery pbetjrd essfrtfo wita jr`f rjd ekjvf, cjt taf hico j kjttjd-up `jc`fptijcs taet ebbjwfo tjbfrec`f eco `jfxistfc`f ſtrst ic Dfoice wita taf ſtrst sj-`ebbfo Dusbid ‒Ptetf,— eco tafc fxtfcsivfby ic Eb-Ecoebus. @jcoitijcs tjoey cf`fssitetf e pereoigd sail ic audec `jcs`ijuscfss, e sj`ifty kesfo cjt jc detfriebisd eco sfb-sffhicg cer`issisti` kfaevijr kut taf rfessfrtijc j e `jc`fptijc j `ubturf taet teps ictj e sail ic ewerfcfss ehic tj taet wai`a ofvfbjpfo ic Ekour [eadec’s Ppeic, e bif `fctfrfo erjuco ictfbbf`tueb pursuit, s`ifctiſt` prjgrfss, eco oiebjguf edjcgst ebb `itizfcs j oifricg ke`hgrjucos eco `rffos. Vcjrtucetfby, taf @besa j @ivibizetijcs pereoigd jcby essudfs taet `jci`t is icfvitekbf, taet tafrf is sjdftaicg taet oisticguisafs Wfstfrc, Isbedi`, eco @aicfsf `ivibizetijcs eco taet `jci`t dust `jcticuf kf`eusf wer aes kffc `jddjcpbe`f ic aistjry. Jc`f `jc`fptijcs sail sj taet `ivibizetijc is ucofrstjjo ic taf sicguber, oiebjguf eco `jcs`ijuscfss `ec sail sj taet taf aistjry j prjgrfss eco ofvfbjpdfct is greouebby vifwfo es taf prjou`t prjou`t j ebb audecity audecity.. E cfw Ecoebusiec Fcbigatfcdfct wjubo eovec`f taf bfssjcs j Isbedi` Ppeic eco eppby tafd tj taf `urrfct situetijc. Wf `urrfctby bivf ic e wjrbo kbechftfo ky cetijc stetfs kut ebsj jcf wafrf eovec`fdfcts ic tf`acjbjgy eco `jdduci`etijc put us ic tju`a wita pfjpbf erjuco taf gbjkf. joey wf erf ebb ictfr`jccf`tfo ajwfvfr,wafrf wf tajugat taicgs bihf taf ictfrcft eco sj`ieb dfoie wjubo ofdj`retizf jur iofjbjgi`eb icufc`fs, wf fxist pjberizfo jc cferby fvfry sicgbf issuf. Wf `jdduci`etf jcby ic `ir`bfs eco f`aj `aedkfrs jc eco jicf wita tajsf wita wajd wf egrff eco wf ofdjcizf riveb siofs kesfo jcby jc taf icjrdetijc j icufc`frs eco aeroby fvfr elfr oiebjguf wita tajsf jc taf jppjsitf fco j taf spf`trud.
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E[_I@BF E[_I@B F
Ljr `frteic, taf aistjry j Ekour [eadec’s Eb-Ecoebus is cjt taf jcby sj`ifty taet rfprfsfcts e pfrijo wafrf tjbfrec`f eco ic`busivity bfo tj sj`ieb eco spiritueb ofvfbjpdfct. Ajwfvfr, ic ec egf j ictfrsf`ticg fxtrfdisds, wafrf niaeoists pjict tj rigat-wicg fxtrfdists taet kfbifvf ic e `jc`fpt j `ivibizetijc taet kfgics ic taf Wfst, eco wafrf fxtrfdists ic taf Wfst pjict tj niaeoists tj nustiy tafir `beid taet Dusbids rfsioicg ic Wfstfrc `juctrifs `eccjt pjssikibity essidibetf eco icstfeo ajbo `jvfrt iofes j e `rffpicg saeriea, it is idpjrtect tj `rfetf e wiofsprfeo e`hcjwbfogfdfct j tais pfrijo ic ec fjrt tj saettfr su`a oivisijcs. Ebkfrt Ficstfic jc`f seio taet, ‒Cj prjkbfd `ec kf sjbvfo rjd taf sedf bfvfb j `jcs`ijuscfss taet `rfetfo it.— joey s`ifc`f is fvjbvicg sj taet wf `ec sff taf kfcfſtts j spirituebity eco taf sidiber fxpfrifc`fs j tajsf taet prey eco dfoitetf. ]fjpbf erf sailicg ic `jcs`ijuscfss fvfrywafrf, rfofſtcicg rfbigijc eco rubf-jbbjwicg wita spiritueb fxpbjretijc eco jpfccfss. Vcjrtucetfby, taf gbjkeb wer jc tfrrjr oio icoffo ette`h taf prjkbfd pjsfo ky niaeoist tfrrjrisd rjd taf sedf bfvfb j `jcs`ijuscfss taet `rfetfo it. Es wf rfst jc taf tarfsajbo j e pfrijo j `ivibizetijceb of`bicf, tafrf is ec fvfr ic`rfesicg rfessfrtijc j eutajriteriecisd ehic tj taf wey Isbedi` Ppeic re`turfo ictj `jci`t eco oiviof eco tafc pevfo taf wey jr e kbjjoy eco ictjbfrect pfrijo j of`bicetijc. Gjicg ke`h tj taf uturf eco jrgecizicg e cfw Ecoebusiec Fcbigatfcdfct is e getfwey tj trecsjrdetivf `aecgf, kjta et icoivioueb eco `jbbf`tivf bfvfbs. Luturf foitijcs j Eaub-eqwe eco erti`bfs jc BigatVpjcBigat.Jcbicf BigatVpjcBigat.Jcbicf wibb wibb fxpbjrf taf prjspf`ts eco oj`udfct taf rjbf ic ofteib, rfvfebicg ajw taf Oiebjguf j @ivibizetijc is e pereoigdeti` sail ic `jcs`ijuscfss. ]fjpbf j @jcs`ijuscfss fvfrywafrf erf fc`juregfo tj eojpt taf pjsitijc eco cjtijc taet wf ebb aevf e outy tj eoorfss tafsf `jc`frcs, tj risf ekjvf taf rfou`tijcist pereoigd prjdjtfo ky taf @besa j @ivibizetijcs djofb, eco tj tafrfky oj sjdftaicg tj prfsfrvf ec ictfrcetijceb jrofr taet `jubo jcby kfcfſtt eco pfraeps eovec`f wita e cfw Ecoebusiec-Fcbigatfcdfct.
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@ec yju givf us e kit jl ke`hgrjuco ekjut yjursfbl: Dy ke`hgrjuco is e yjucg `jcvfrt tj Isbed, jr sajubo I sey rfvfrt: I rfvfrtfo et taf egf jl 59 yfers jbo, wai`a wes 5? yfers egj tjoey fxe`tby, Of`fdkfr ;7, ;==?. I rfvfrtfo ic taf `ity jl Dfdpais et e desnio `ebbfo `ebbfo Pebed (]fe`f). Yft, I tjjh e wer peta ic Isbed Kut taf kfgiccicgs wfrf pfe`f. EXcT Ided lrjd Icoie e suſt gevf df saeaeoe. _af suſts wfrf dy ſtrst tfe`afrs. _afy teugat df pfe`f, bjvf. Yft, Yft, i djvfo tj ecjtafr `ity, dft sebeſts eco wfct wita tafd. I wes teugat bjvf-aetf, bjvf ebb sebeſts8 aetf fvfryjcf fbsf, ic`buoicg jtafr Dusbids. _ais grjup aes e strjcg ljbbjwicg ic Yfdfc, Yfdfc, perti`uberby Oeden, ic Pe’eoe. It wes tafrf taet I dft jtafr sebeſts lrjd erjuco taf wjrbo. I grfw ois`jctfct wita taf cjc-vijbfct sebeſts, jr psfuoj-sebeſts, eco I dft vijbfct vijbfct sebeſts waj teugat taet aetf is tj kf eoofo wita vijbfc`f. I grfw tj aetf wajd I sew es eggrfssjrs tj Dusbids, eco taf vijbfct sebeſts, ebsj hcjwc es niaeois jr tfrrjrists, oirf`tfo dy aetf tj e spf`iſt` tergft> taf V.P. dibitery. Ke`h ic Edfri`e I ette`hfo taf tergft, wes `epturfo, trifo eco sfctfc`fo tj bilf witajut perjbf. Yju wfrf jcf jl taf ſtrst sj-`ebbfo ‑bjcf wjbl’ ette`hfrs. Pic`f Yju Pic `f yjur errfst, bjcf wjbl ette`hs aevf kf`jdf cfw cjrd. Decy ette`hs aevf kffc pfrpftretfo ic taf sedf deccfr. @ec yju rff`t jc ajw yju lffb cjw: Erf yju aeuctfo ky waet yju’vf ojcf: I aevf kffc `ebbfo taf ſtrst jl taf ‑bjcf wjbl’ ette`hfrs. I lffb taet is cjt fctirfby truf. Yfs, Yfs, I dey aevf ette`hfo ebjcf. Kut I wes oirf`tfo tj e perti`uber tergft ky jtafrs8 I aevf bivfo ic prisjc ;? ajurs jl fvfry oey ljr taf pest 9 yfers eco e aebl yfers. _af aeucticg jl waet I oio is rfdicofo tj df ky dy surrjucoicgs fvfry oey. Yju’vf kffc ic isjbetijc ljr sjdf tidf cjw ic prisjc eco es e Yju’vf ‑bilfr’ aevf cj ic`fctivf tj ofreoi`ebizf. Pj, ajw oio yju oj it: Es e ‑bilfr’ I aeo cj ic`fctivf tj ofreoi`ebizf eco cj ictfctijc tj oj sj. Yft, es taf rfebizetijc jl taf ubtidetf niaeoi gjeb wes detfriebizfo wita IPIP, I stertfo tj ojukt taf vijbfct sebeſtst iofjbjgy. IPIP e``jdpbisafo waet Eb Uefoe eco taf _ebikec orfedfo jl. jw it jpfretfo, taicgs tafy oio eco ajw tafylfbb wes e denjr `jctrikutijc tj dy ofreoi`ebizetijc. I seio tj dysfbl> ‒Il tafy wfrf ic taf rigat, cj ljr`f jc ferta `jubo stjp tafd.— Kut tafy wfrf. @ec yju ofs`rikf taf oifrfc`f kftwffc yjursfbl cjw eco taf pfrsjc yju wfrf wafc yju prjuoby prj`beidfo taet yju e`tfo jc kfaebl jl Eb-Uefoe: I aevf rfdfdkfrfo taf bjvf-pfe`f, spiritueb rfebizetijc espf`t jl Isbed I wes ſtrst teugat ke`h ic ;==?. I rfcjuc`f taf sebeſtst iofjbjgy ic tjtebity cjw. _aet’s taf denjr oifrfc`f kftwffc cjw eco tafc.
07
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Ajw oio yju `jdf tj rfebizf yju wfrf wrjcg ljr suppjrticg taf ictfrprftetijc jl niaeoists: Bihf I seio, taicgs IPIP oio. _af repfs, taf durofrs, taf hibbicgs jl jtafr niaeoists, taf kjdkicg jl djsqufs, taf sftticg prisjcfrs jc ſtrf, taf kfafeoicg jl `aiborfc... It ebb ait df bihf e tjc jl kri`hs. _ais `ec’t kf Isbedi`ebby nustiſtfo. @ec yju tfbb jtafrs taf djst idpjrtect bfssjc yju’vf bfercfo lrjd yjur fxpfrifc`fs fxpfrifc`fs: : _af djst idpjrtect bfssjc I bfercfo is taet Isbed is ekjut pfe`f. Yft wafc tafrf is e wer es niaeo, Dusbids aevf `frteic guiofbicfs lrjd taf ]rjpaft (]KVA) tj ljbbjw. Il tafsf guiofbicfs erf cjt ljbbjwfo, tafc taf `eusf, taf niaeo, is cjt nust. I njicfo ec ucnust wer, eco taet wes e vfry idpjrtect bfssjc I bfercfo waibf ic prisjc. It `jst df dy bilf, kut I bfercfo it kfljrf it wes tjj betf, dfecicg ofeta. Ajw aes Ebbea kbfssfo yju tj sff taf bigat jl taf Isbed yju ljbbjw cjw: Ky ebbjwicg df tj sff taf sigcs Af sft ljr df et taf jutstert. . _af ſtrst trecsbetijc jl taf dusael I rfeo wes ky e Puſt, Ekoubbea Yusul Ebi. I’vf `jdf tj sff taf truta jl taf Puſt peta ic Isbed. Yft, I’d cjt e suſt. _af jcby bekfb I e``fpt is Dusbid. Kuttaf spiritueb rfebizetijc taf Puſts tfe`a aes sajwfo df e cfw purpjsf ic bilf, taf gjeb tj jvfr`jdf dy bjwfr sfbl. E niaeo eb cels (struggbf jl sfbl) is taf niaeo I perti`ipetf ic cjw. @ec yju tfbb us taf djst edezicg spiritueb stjry jl yjur tidf ic prisjc: Aes sjdftaicg aeppfcfo taet stecos jut es e tidf wafc ofspitf taf oiff`ubty yju rfebizf pfe`f eco `jctfctdfct: Eltfr dy ferbifr djrcicg oaihts eco dfoitetijcs, I lffb taf fvjbutijc fvjbutijc jl dy spirit. I lffb iccfr pfe`f, `ebd eco trecquibity, trecquibity, cfercfss tj Ebbea. Fvfc tajuga I’d ic e dexidud sf`urity prisjc I lffb e ljr`f witaic eco erjuco taet I `ec’t fxpbeic. Is tafrf ecytaicg fbsf yju wjubo bihf tj sey ekjut yjur fxpfrifc`fs, tajugats jr lffbicgs cjw: I taich I’vf seio it ebb. It’s djrf taec pjbiti`s, djrf taec rfbigijc, djrf taec paibjsjpay. It `ec’t kf biditfo tj jcf espf`t. It’s e `jdpbftf wey jl bilf taet Ebbea aes sft ljr taf ucivfrsf, sj its ofstru`tijc is idpjssikbf. Ebtajuga taf pjwfrs jl oerhcfss try tr y tj ofstrjy Isbed’s idegf rfputetijc eco eoafrfcts, it’s idpjssikbf. _af spiritueb ewehfcicg I’vf fxpfrifc`fo ic prisjc dehfs ebb taf triebs eco trikubetijcs wjrta it. @ec krjtafrs eco sistfrs rfe`a jut tj yju ljr eovi`f, tj suppjrt yju eco ec o tj kfcfſtt lrjd yjur fxpfrifc`fs. Il sj, ajw `ec tafy `jcte`t yju: Yfs. Ecykjoy wisaicg tj rfe`a jut `ec writf df oirf`tby et Ekoubbea Aehid Duaeddeo EO@ # 56=66= FE[V DEQ VCI_ ].J. Kjx 97= Deriecce, E[ 7;0<=
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