A Project Report on Labour Welfare and Safety

A Project report On

“Labour Welfare And Safety Measures And It’s Effect on Quality of Work Life.” At Unipatch Rubber Limited (Gwalior). Project Report Submitted To

University of Pune In Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for the Award of

(Master of Personnel Management) By Abdul Shahid Khan (MPM) Under the guidance of Dr. Prof. Kunal Bhattacharya

Sinhgad Institute of Business Administration and Research 2010-2012 1

COLLEGE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Abdul Shahid Khan, student of Sinhgad Institute of Business Administration & Research, Kondhwa (Bk),Pune has completed his summer project on the topic of “Labour Welfare and Safety Measure” AND “Its Effect On Quality Of Work Life”, and has submitted the summer project report in partial fulfillment of MPM of the University of Pune for the academic year 2010-2012. He has worked under our guidance and direction. The said report is based on bonafide information.

Dr. Prof. Kunal Bhattacharya

Prof. Avadhoot D. Pol

Project Guide

Director

2

CERTIFICATE OF COMPANY

3

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere thanks to my project guide Dr. Prof. Kunal Bhattacharya for guiding me right from the inception till the successful completion of the project. I sincerely acknowledge him for extending his valuable guidance, support for literature, critical review of project and the report and above all the moral support he had provided to me with all stages of this project.. His experience, knowledge and support lead me to complete my project timely and successfully. My thanks are due to all those who have directly or indirectly helped me in preparing this project report. However, I accept the sole responsibility for any possible error of omission and would be extremely grateful to the readers of this project report if they bring such mistakes to my notice. I extend my gratitude to Mr. M.L. Hemrajani, manager HRD & Personnel Department, Unipatch Rubber Limited, Gwalior for inexplicable guidance and support, because of which I am able to complete this project on time. I do not forget to mention wonderful employees of the company who cooperated during the project and I was able to record their views.

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DECLARATION

I Abdul Shahid Khan, the undersigned, hereby declare that the Project Report titled “Labour Welfare And Safety Measures AND Its Effect On Quality Of Work Life” at Unipatch Rubber Limited, Gwalior” written and submitted by me to the University of Pune in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Master of Personnel Management is my original work and the conclusions drawn therein are based on the material collected by myself.

Place: Pune Date: /

/

Name & sign of Research Student

5

1

CHAPTERS

PAGE NO.

1.1

INTRODUCTION TO THE REPORT

12-15

1.2

PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION

16-28

About Organization History of Unipatch vision & Operations Management Manufacturing facility Products Awards Site map

1.3

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

29

1.4

HYPOTHESIS

30

1.5

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

31

1.6

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

32-34

Research Design

6

Descriptive Research design Sources of data Sampling technique Tools for data analysis

1.7

2

LIMITATIONS OF RESEARCH

35

CONCEPTUAL BACKGROUND

37-41

2.1

Review of literature

2.2

Concepts & Definitions

3

DATA

PRESENTATION

AND 43-74

INTERPRETATION

4

FINDINGS

&

SUGGESTIONS

CONCLUSION 4.1

Major findings

7

AND 76-79

4.2

Conclusion of findings

4.3

Suggestions and recommendation

80-84

ANNEXURE Questionnaire Bibliography

8

LIST OF FIGURES 3.1(A)

9

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Labor sector addresses multi-dimensional socio-economic aspects affecting labor welfare, productivity, living standards of labor force and social security. To raise living standards of the work force and achieve higher productivity, skill upgradation through suitable training is of utmost importance. Manpower development to provide adequate labor force of appropriate skills and quality to different sectors is essential for rapid socioeconomic development. Employment generation in all the productive sectors is one of the basic objectives. In this context, efforts are being made for providing the environment for self-employment both in urban and rural areas. During the Ninth Plan period, elimination of undesirable practices such as child labor, bonded labour, and aspects such as ensuring workers‟ safety and social security, looking after labour welfare and providing of the necessary support measures for sorting out problems relating to employment of both men and women workers in different sectors has received priority attention. The improvement of safety, health and working conditions depends ultimately upon people working together, whether governments, employers or workers. Safety management involves the functions of planning, identifying problem areas, coordinating, controlling and directing the safety activities at the work site, all aimed at the prevention of accidents and ill health (figure 1). Accident prevention is often misunderstood, for most people believe wrongly that the word “accident” is synonymous with “injury”. This assumes that no accident is of importance unless it results in an injury. Construction managers are obviously concerned with injuries to the workers, but their prime concern should be with the dangerous conditions that produced the injury – with the “incident” rather than the “injury”. On a construction site there are many more “incidents” than injuries. A dangerous act can be performed hundreds of times before it results in an injury, and it is to eliminate these potential dangers that managers‟ efforts must be directed. They cannot afford to wait for human or material damage before doing anything. So safety management means applying safety measures before accidents happen. Effective safety management has three main objectives: – To make the environment safe; – To make the job safe, – To make workers safety conscious.

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1.1 INTRODUCTION

LABOUR WELFARE AND SAFETY MEASURES "During the pre-independence period, industrial relations policy of the British Government was one of laissez faire and also of selective intervention. There were hardly any labour welfare schemes. After independence, labour legislations have formed the basis for industrial relations and social security. These legislations have also provided machinery for bipartite and tripartite consultations for settlement of disputes. Soon after independence, the government at a tripartite conference in December 1947 adopted the industrial truce resolution. Several legislations, including the following, were enacted to maintain industrial peace and harmony: Factories Act, 1948, Employees State Insurance Act, 1948 and Minimum Wages Act, 1948. The payment of bonus act was passed in 1965. In the early 1990s, the process of economic reforms was set in motion when the government introduced a series of measures to reduce control on industries, particularly large industries. The workers have opposed economic liberalization policy for fear of unemployment while entrepreneurs have welcomed it in the hope of new opportunities to improve Indian industries. The new economic policy has directly affected industrial relations in the country, because the government has to play a dual role, one of protecting the interest of the workers, and second to allow a free interplay of the market forces. Economic reforms, by removing barriers to entry, have created competitive markets. Fiscal stabilization has resulted in drastic reduction in budgetary support to the public sector commercial enterprises while exposing these enterprises to increased competition from private sector. Labour and Labour Welfare sub-sector consists of six main programmes viz. Labour Administration, Rehabilitation of bonded labour, Assistance to Labour Cooperatives, Craftsmen training programme, Apprenticeship training programme, Employment Services and Sanjay Gandhi Swavalamban Yojana. Manpower, employment policy and labour welfare in India: post-independence developments such as: 1. Manpower: trends and magnitude. 12

2. Employment policies and programmes. 3. Labour welfare: legal framework and initiatives. 4. Women workers: legislations and empowerment. 5. Industrial relations and labour laws. 6. Restructuring of labour laws: the great debate. 7. Labour laws and welfare: India and ILO. 8. Labour reforms: India and WTO. II. India's Five Year Plans at a glance. III. Edited extracts from India's Five Year Plans on employment and labour related matters.

Improvement of communications, mobility of Factory Inspectors For the quick transmission of messages relating to factory accidents, gas leaks, fires and disasters in the area a broad network of office/ residential telephones is an essential-requisite for the Factory Inspector, the concerned Dy.Chief Inspector of Factories, the Chief Inspector to higher authorities. Quick transmission of such messages to the area Factory Inspector and others not only facilitates a prompt inquiry into the mishap and its causes but also enables the concerned authorities to bring into action the various control measures in the case of disaster.

Labour and labour welfare Labour sector addresses multi-dimensional socio-economic aspects affecting labour welfare, productivity, living standards of labour force and social security. To raise living standards of the work force and achieve higher productivity, skill up gradation through suitable training is of utmost importance. Manpower development to provide adequate labour force of appropriate skills and quality to different sectors is essential for rapid socioeconomic development. Employment generation in all the productive sectors is one of the basic objectives. In this context, efforts are being made for providing the environment for self-employment both in urban and rural areas. During the Ninth Plan period, elimination of undesirable practices such as child labour, bonded labour, and aspects such as ensuring workers‟ safety and social security, looking 13

after labour welfare and providing of the necessary support measures for sorting out problems relating to employment of both men and women workers in different sectors has received priority attention. The Central Board of Workers Education through its regional offices is striving to educate the workers to help to avoid wasteful expenditure, adopting cost effectiveness and by enhancing productivity of qualitative nature. They have been conducting the following programmes:

I. II. III.

Rural Awareness Programme. Functional Adult Literacy Classes. Short-term programmes for the unorganized sector to educate them on their rights, ethics and hygiene.

IV. V. VI.

Participative Management. Orientation Courses for Rural Educators. Leadership Development Programme for Rural Workers.

Quality of Work Life (QWL) The success of any organization is highly dependant on how it attracts, recruits, motivates, and retains its workforce. Today's organizations need to be more flexible so that they are equipped to develop their workforce and enjoy their commitment. There is no doubt that to prosper and expand at work is beneficial to both national health and the balance of payment. If quality of life at work can be improved it will benefit and reward not only the individual employee but also the company, its customers and society as a whole. That is why we find it necessary to talk about working-life quality. Therefore, organizations are required to adopt a strategy to improve the employees‟ „quality of work life'(QWL) to satisfy both the organizational objectives and employee needs. These case lets discuss the importance of having effective quality of work life practices in organizations and their impact on employee performance and the overall organizational performance. Many people think that striving for the good life is selfish, but you cannot be something for 14

others if you do not feel good in yourself. All companies strive to create real value for the surrounding world (customers, clients, users and society as a whole). Creating real value is not a matter of just money. It starts with the individual person. Creating real value means becoming more valuable to yourself and your surroundings.

Working-life quality deals with these three elements: I. II. III.

personal quality of life in your work developing mastery Experiencing real fellowship with colleagues and managers and contributing to the creation of real value for customers and the surrounding world through your job.

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1.2 COMPANY PROFILE

Unipatch Rubber Ltd. was established in 1983 as a Joint-Venture between the business house of Khemka‟s, New Delhi (India) and Tech International Inc, Ohio (USA), a global leader in tyre and

tube

repairs.

It is India‟s first and only ISO 9001:2008 certified manufacturer and supplier of A.

Tyre & Tube repair patches

B.

Solvents & Adhesives

C.

Retreading material

D.

Allied Tools & Accessories

E.

Curing Bags, Envelopes, Tubes and Flaps

It uses the latest ECC v6.0 enterprise resource planning software from SAP to seamlessly integrate its operations across a)

three manufacturing facilities with the latest state of the art technology

b)

an in-house R&D centre

c)

21 sales offices across India

d)

More than 400 distributors

Marketing under the brand name OMNI, it is the pioneers of cold repair technology in India. Omni enjoys high visibility throughout the length and breadth of India and has top of the mind recall. Ever since Unipatch set up operations in 1983, Omni‟s position as the number one brand in India has been unchallenged. This company is exporting its products under the OMNI brand to the countries of SAARC region and other neighboring countries. In the past few years it has started venturing to the territories of East Africa and Middle East and now have a dedicated customer base in these countries. In India it caters to both the B2B and B2C segments 1.

Retail sales through a network of over 350 Distributors & 6000 Dealers 16

2.

Institutional sales to buyers like Indian Army, Maruti Suzuki, Ashok Leyland, Tata Motors etc.

3.

Tyre companies like Michelin, Bridgestone, Apollo, Apollo International

4.

Government Sales to State Transport Undertaking‟s like Delhi Transport Corporation, APSRTC

etc

This company has won numerous awards and commendations, for its excellence in quality and performance. It received a special commendation for its staff and a letter of appreciation from the Indian Army for the support and service provided to them in active operations

VISION “ The Unipatch vision is to be the preferred manufacturer and supplier of quality products. The guiding principle for the Unipatch is to provide best quality products at competitive prices.

MANAGEMENT TEAM

The company‟s management team is a vibrant mix of experience, energy, team-work & entrepreneurial abilities. The team members come from varied backgrounds : 

Senior Rubber Technologists



Engineers from the fields of Chemical, Mechanical, Electrical and IT



MBAs from institutes from the Global Top 20 (as ranked by Financial Times, London)



FCAs, ICWAs etc.

MANUFACTURING FACILITY The company has manufacturing plants in :Bhiwadi (Rajasthan), Gwalior (Madhya Pradesh) 17

Nalagarh (Himachal Pradesh). These facilities employ a total manpower of over 600 workers and are equipped with the state of art machinery and tools. Each plant has a fully equipped testing lab, headed by an experienced rubber technologist. All of its plants conform to the ISO 9001:2008 quality standards.

PRODUCTS Tube repairs

Cycle

Round, sheets, strips

Automotive

Round, oval, all purpose

Valve Tyre repairs Bias tyres

BP V Line BP Tractor Off the road Off the road(Butterfly)

Radial tyres

Centech

Uniseal

Bias, radial

Permacure & strings Valve and repaires Retreading material

Vulgum, A& B compound

Vulcanizing cement, cord fabric 18

Tubeless snap

Adhesive & solvent

Vulcanizing fluids Omni bond Cleaners

Rub-o-matic Rub clean

Mounting compound Security coat Tools and kits Kits

Permacure kit Tyre seal kit OTR kit Uniseal kit

Vulcanizing machine

Truck spotter Deluxe truck and tractor spotter, giant vulcanizer

Surface preparation tool

Rubber hog tool, tungsten carbide

Accessories

Insert

tool,

cementing

tool,

spiral stiches,

knives, scrappers, marking crayons Permacure tool Uniseal tool Air buffers Purpose tool Air brushes Safety tool Curing bags Envelopes and tools

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Tubes, flaps

ROUND, SHEETS AND STRIPS

We are the pioneers of self vulcanizing repairs in India. Our repairs are permanent & safe and twice as strong as the tube itself. Our range of round and oval repairs cater to almost any kind of tube

injury.

Besides 2-way tube repairs, Cycle Puncture Strips and Sheets are available for vulcaniser to cut patches to sizes that suit the injury. These are available in two sizes of 125 x 95 and 330x254 mm

ROUND

. We are the pioneers of self vulcanizing repairs in India. Our repairs are permanent & safe and twice as strong as the tube itself. Our range of round and oval repairs cater to almost any kind of tube injury.

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OVAL

We are the pioneers of self vulcanizing repairs in India. Our repairs are permanent & safe and twice as strong as the tube itself. Our range of round and oval repairs cater to almost any kind of tube injury

ALLPURPOSE Our range of all-purpose repairs is designed for use in radial and bias tyres. They can also be used for tube repairs. Special compounding and thicker rubber helps in resisting dimpling.

BP OMNI BP Premium tyre repairs can be used on tubeless or tube-type tyres. They offer excellent flexibility, greater strength, superior construction and have been proven safe and dependable by millions of on-the-road miles. All OMNI bias repairs are manufactured with a ply of rubber between the fabric and cushion gum which acts as a float or shock absorbing ply. Repair unit construction allows for easy application and enables repairs to be made closer to the tyre bead, eliminating the need for a separate sidewall repair unit. These repairs are also designed to have excellent air retention when used in tubeless tyres. See charts to determine proper repair for size

21

of injury

V LINE OMNI V-LINE tyre repairs can be used on tube-type cross ply tyres. They offer excellent repair for quality conscious customers looking for an economical tyre repair. These patches offer good flexibility, strength and superior construction. Omni V-line tyre repairs are manufactured with a ply of rubber between the fabric and cushion-gum, which acts as a float or shock absorbing ply. The construction of these patches allows ease of application and enables repair to be made closer to the tyre bead, eliminating the need for a separate sidewall repair unit.

BP TRACTOR OMNI BP Premium tyre repairs can be used on tubeless or tube-type tyres. They offer excellent flexibility, greater strength, and superior construction and have been proven safe and dependable by millions of on-the-road miles. All OMNI bias repairs are manufactured with a ply of rubber between the fabric and cushion gum which acts as a float or shock absorbing ply. Repair unit construction allows for easy application and enables repairs to be made closer to the tyre bead, elimination the need for a separate sidewall repair unit. These repairs are also designed to have excellent air retention when used in tubeless tyres. See charts to determine proper repair for size of injury.

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Omni's TOR range of 'Off The Road' repairs provide permanent repairs for tubeless and tube type tyres. These repair injuries on the shoulder,

sidewall

and

crown.

Specially designed plies dissipate fabric end stress and provide maximum flexibility

and

strength.

Superior

compounding

throughout the entire construction of the TOR repair resists overcure

even

when

the

tyre

is

returned

for

service.

MOUNTING COMPOUND Omni Tyre Lube Compound in an excellent bead pack and lubricant. It aids in easy mounting and demounting of the tubeless tyre from its rim. Omni's special formulation also has rust inhibitors added and thus are rim friendly.

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AWARDS The company has received following awards and certificates:1. Certificate from ARMY 2. Certificate for export recognition for the year 2003-2004 3. Certificate for export recognition for the year 2005-2006 4. Certificate for export recognition for the year 2006-2007

24

25

26

27

SITE The company has worldwide presence with along with its partner in joint venture, Tech.

28

1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM According to my objectives the entire study is based on understanding the various labour welfare facilities that are provided to the employees working at the manufacturing unit. I have also taken a step to study the various problems faced by the employees due to lack of facilities available for them at the workplace ,which often leads in spoiling their relationship with at higher authorities as well at even between themselves

there by disrupting the quality of work life of the

employees.

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1.4 HYPOTHESIS Hypothesis is usually considered as the principal instrument in research. Its main function is to suggest new experiments and observations. In fact, many experiments are carried out with the deliberate object of testing hypothesis. Decision makers often face situations wherein they are interested in testing hypothesis on the basis of available information and then take decisions on the basis of such testing. Basically two types of Hypothesis:a) Null Hypothesis b) Alternative Hypothesis

30

1.5 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES 1.

To know about various Labour Welfare facilities provided by UNI PATCH Rubber Limited under my study.

2.

To study the Labour Safety measures undertaken by UNI PATCH Rubber Limited for the welfare of the employees.

3.

To understand the effect of Labour Welfare and Safety Measures with respect to the effect it has on the employee‟s work life.

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1.6 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem.

RESEARCH – MEANING AND DEFINITION Research is an art of scientific investigation. The advanced learner‟s dictionaries of current English lay are down the meaning of research as, “a careful investigation (or) inquiry especially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge”. Redmen and Mary define research as a “systematic effort to gain knowledge”...

RESEARCH DESIGN A research design is purely and simply the framework or plan for a study that guides the collection and analysis of data. Generally a research design is a blue print of the research that is to be followed in completing the study. It is descriptive research type are those, which are concerned with describing the characteristics of a particular individual or of a group, where we cannot control the variables.

SAMPLING:

To minimize the cost, time and repetition, a representative sample is chosen for the study Sampling is the process which helps to select an appropriate sample which minimizes error in study. Sampling is carried out on a definite population and hence you must define population with reference to your project. Also, you must specify sampling unit and sample size. Sampling procedure should be defined. You must give a brief explanation for choosing a specific sample population, unit, and sample size and sample selection technique used.

SAMPLING TECHINIQUE: The methods used in drawing samples from a population usually in such a manner that the sample will facilitate determination of some hypothesis concerning the population.

SELECTION OF SAMPLING METHOD: The Sampling method decides the way in a manner sample is selected. There are two types of sampling methods:-

32

I.

Probability Sampling: Sampling is the use of a subset of the population to represent the whole population. Probability sampling, or random sampling, is a sampling technique in which the probability of getting any particular sample may be calculated.

II.

Non-probability sampling:

Non-probability sampling does not meet this criterion and should be used with caution. Nonprobability sampling techniques cannot be used to infer from the sample to the general population. Any generalizations obtained from a non-probability sample must be filtered through one's knowledge of the topic being studied. Performing non-probability sampling is considerably less expensive than doing probability sampling, but the results are of limited value Under this method factors other than random chance is used for selection of the sample a. Convenience sampling b. Quota sampling c. Judgment sampling d. Snowball sampling I chose CONVENIENCE SAMPLING for research. Sampling Unit: Laborers. Sample Size: 50 Sampling Procedure: Simple Random Sampling (probability sampling) Tools for Data analysis:1. Basic frequency count 2. Pie-chart representation by using Microsoft excel

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METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION: I.

Primary Data: Primary data has been collected by means of direct one to one task, interviews, questionnaires and interaction with laborers and the Personnel Manager of the company.

II.

Secondary Data: Secondary data has been collected from various books, reports, brochures, internet etc and other texts available in college library.

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1.7 LIMITATIONS: 1. Time Constraint. 2. Non Availability of Information. 3. Limited Resources. 4. Limited sharing of information. 5. Unwillingness of laborers to co-operate.

35

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2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW CASE STUDY 01: JSPL (Jindal Steel & Power Ltd) Company Snapshot: One of the key companies in the family promoted Jindal Group, JSPL has grown from a moderately performing company in the steel sector to the largest sponge iron manufacturer in the world. Steered by Naveen Jindal, a Member of Parliament (2009), and one of four heirs to the business founded by his father, O.P. Jindal, JSPL realised a 2008 turnover in excess of $2 billion (Indian Rupee 100 billion. US $1 = Rs. 50) from its core business of steel, and its diversifications into oil and gas, electricity generation and trading, cement, infrastructure and mining. Environmental violations and land acquisition for new projects or expansion are the key reason for conflict between the company and communities. The company's flagship sponge iron factory in Raigarh is accused of widespread air and water pollution. In addition to this, the company also has demonstrated a pattern of disregard for the law by expanding and manufacturing beyond permitted capacity. Labour safety violations have also been repeatedly cited as a hallmark of this company's operations. Two workers were killed, and one was reported missing after a 600 tonne hopper carrying sponge iron fell on the workers crushing them on August 11, 2008. The accident occurred at the JSPL's sponge iron plant in Raigarh, Chhattisgarh. On 22 November, 2008, two contract workers were crushed to death at the company's green field steel plant and power plant site in Angul, Orissa, while dumping debris during a night shift.

Measures taken for improvement by the company: 1. The company later said that it will discontinue night shifts for such hazardous operations. 2. It would improve its safety measures. 3. It provided all the workers with safety gear.

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CASE STUDY 02: WIPRO Company Snapshot: Wipro started as a vegetable oil company in 1947 from an old mill founded by Azim Premji‟s father. When his father died in 1966, Azim, a graduate in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University, took on the leadership of the company at the age 21. He repositioned it and transformed Wipro (Western India Vegetable Products Ltd) into a consumer goods company that produced hydrogenated cooking oils/fat company, laundry soap, wax and tin containers and later set up Wipro Fluid Power to manufacture hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders in 1975. At that time, it was valued at $2 million.

Employee Welfare measures taken by WIPRO: Housing: Company has its own township at different location in Bangalore. If house is available, the new employees are allotted the house otherwise the company can also hire house. All the maintenance in houses provided to employees by company is done by the company.

Canteen: The company gives canteen facility under which food is provided to the employees but it is not compulsory for them. They get the allowance in their salary. The Contract Cell at Wipro invites tenders and the Contract cell signs detailed agreement with the contractor. The operation of the canteen is given on the contract.

Sports: To motivate the employees of the company organizes different sports tournaments i.e. Cricket, Volleyball, Table Tennis, Badminton Etc.

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UNI PATCH’S Health and Safety Policy seeks to provide safe and healthy working conditions to all the employees working in the organization. The objectives of the Policy are: 1.

To promote standards of safety, health & welfare of employees.

2.

To maintain safe and healthy work places and safe systems and methods of work.

3.

To protect the employees (i.e. Direct as well as contractors), from foreseeable work hazards on the premises.

.4.

To equip the employees with the information, training and supervision needed for safe working.

5.

To develop safety awareness among the employees.

6.

To provide and maintain a safe and healthy working environment for employees with adequate facilities.

7.

To provide regular health check up to all employees once in 3 years.

The policy will be regularly reviewed and revised as necessary, and revisions will be brought to the attention of the employees. The company ensures that proper, clean water will be provided to the employees all the time. The company will provide proper lighting, ventilation facility will be provided to the employees at their work place. The company will provide regular assistance to line Incharge/supervisors to ensure healthy and safe conditions at the workplace. The company will seek to ensure that all buildings, plants and equipments are well maintained and safe in use. COMPANY HEALTH AND SAFETY RULES It is a condition of the employment that the employee makes himself/herself aware of the company health and safety policy and follows the following health and safety regulations without fail: 1. Reporting for work under the influence of alcohol or drugs will be classed as serious misconduct and could result in the termination of employment. 2.

Work areas, toilets must be kept clean and tidy.

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3. All accidents and injuries must be reported immediately (in the first instance) to the Supervisor and as soon as possible to the Security. 4.

Any defective equipment should be reported immediately to the supervisor.

5. Machine guards must not be removed under any circumstances other than by qualified maintenance personnel. 6.

No machine shall be operated under any circumstance if a guard is not in position.

7. Personal Protective Equipments like (Mask, helmet, safety shoes, belt ) should always be used in production. 8.

The company will carry out Safety Audit periodically.

HOUSEKEEPING 1. All work areas will be kept as tidy as are possible and work areas will be cleaned at the end of each working day. 2. All materials will be stored safely. Any excess material will be returned to storage as soon as is practicable. 3. All walkways, doorways and means of access must be kept clear of obstructions at all times. 4. All equipment and tools will be visually inspected before each use and the incharge should be informed immediately of any defects. 5. In all cases good working practices will be used to ensure that safety is of the highest standard possible. GENERAL FIRE SAFETY 1. All employees will be responsible for ensuring that all fire escapes, gangways and doors are kept clear of obstructions. 2.

In the event of fire or explosion employees will:

•

Inform other employees working in the department

•

Inform the Security

•

Come out from the department in an orderly manner & assemble at the designated place. 40

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 1. The regular checking of electrical wires, panels will be carried out by the maintenance department. 2. The user will visually check all electrical appliances before using to ensure that all insulation is proper. TRAINING The Company recognizes that safety training is an integral part of its overall Safety Policy: 1. No person will be employed on any work involving any foreseeable significant risk unless he or she has received adequate training. 2. All new employees will attend an introductory training period on the first day of employment at which information relevant to the location, the employee's statutory duties, fire prevention and emergency procedures will be explained. CONSULTATION WITH EMPLOYEES Employees are encouraged to report to the line supervisor or Pers. & HRD department whenever they notice any significant risk that may cause accident. Employees are also encouraged to give suggestion to Pers. & HRD Department to improve the working conditions. FIRST AID FACITILTY First Aid facilities are provided at the following areas: 1.

Reception

2.

Security

3.

Production Area

4.

Utility Room

5.

Maintenance

41

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3.1(A) DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Sample Size: 50 General 1. How will you rate the health provision in your organization? Findings: Outstanding

17

Good

23

Average

06

Poor

04

Title: Health Provision

4 6

17 Outstanding Good Average Poor

23

Figure No: 3.1(A) (1) 

It is seen from the chart above that out of the 50 people 23 labourers have opted for good. 43

Analysis: According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 labourers who have been surveyed only 04 labourers are not happy with the facility. So it can be assumed that the health provision that the company is providing to its labourers is good.

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2. How will you rate the safety provision in your organization? Findings: Outstanding

14

Good

23

Average

12

Poor

01

Title: Safety Provision

1 14

12

Outstanding Good Average Poor 23

Figure No: 3.1(A) (2) 

It is seen from the chart above that out of the 50 people 23 labourers have opted for good.

Analysis: According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 01 labor is not happy with the facility. So it can be assumed that the safety provisions that the company is providing to its labourers is good.

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3.1(B) Facilities 1. Do you feel Training programs provided by company help in increasing the skill of Workers? Findings: Strongly Agree

25

Agree

13

Satisfactory 10 Disagree

02

Strongly Disagree

00 Title: Training Programs Increase Skill of Workers.

0 2 10 25

Strongly Agree Agree Satisfactory

13

Disagree Strongly Disagree

Figure No: 3.1(B) (1)



It is seen from the chart above that out of the 50 people 25 people have opted for Strongly Agree. 46



Analysis: According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 02 labourers are disagree. So it can be assumed that this facility will prove good for both the company and the employees.

47

2. Do you feel the working environment motivates the workers? Findings: Strongly Agree

23

Agree

20


01

Strongly Disagree.

01

Title: Working Environment Motivates Workers.

5

1 1 23


20


Figure: 3.1(B) (2) 

It is seen from the chart above that out of the 50 people 23 labourers have opted for Strongly Agree.

48



Analysis: According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 01 labourer disagree. So it can be assumed



that this facility will prove good for both the company and the employees.

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3. Do you feel Health facilities improve the efficiency of the workers? Findings: Strongly Agree

34

Agree

08


00

Strongly Disagree

00

Title: Health Facilities Improve Worker‟s Efficiency.

0

0

8 Strongly Agree

8

Agree 34

Satisfactory Disagree Strongly Disagree

Figure No: 3.1(B) (3) 

It is seen from the chart above that out of the 50 people 34 people have opted for Strongly Agree.

50

Analysis: According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed none of the labourers disagree. So it can be assumed that this facility will prove good for both the company and the employees.

51

4. Do you feel Job satisfaction is essential for the worker in the organization? Findings: Strongly Agree

25

Agree

16

Satisfactory

09

Disagree

00

Strongly Disagree

00

Title: Job Satisfaction Is Essential For Workers

0

0

9

25


16


Figure No: 3.1(B) (4) 


52


53

5. Do you feel Housing facility helps in retaining workers in the organization? Findings: Strongly Agree

22

Agree

18


03

Strongly Disagree

00

Title: Housing facility helps in retaining workers

0 7

3 22

Strongly Agree Agree Satisfactory Disagree

18

Strongly Disagree

Figure No: 3.1(B) (5) 


54

Analysis: According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 03 labourers disagree. So it can be assumed that this facility will prove good for both the company and the employees.

55

6. Do you feel Rest and recreation facilities should be provided to the workers? Findings: Strongly Agree

25

Agree

23


00

Strongly Disagree

00

Title: Rest and recreation facilities should be provided to the workers

0

0

2

25 23

Strongly Agree Agree Satisfactory Disagree Strongly Disagree

Figure No: 3.1(B) (6) 


56


57

7. Do you feel Canteen facilities is must for good health of workers? Findings: Strongly Agree

26

Agree

12


02

Strongly Disagree

00

Title: Canteen facilities is must for good health

0 2 10 Strongly Agree 26

Agree Satisfactory

12


Figure No: 3.1(B) (7) 


58


59

8. Do you feel Industrial hygiene is essential for workers safety. Findings: Strongly Agree

30

Agree

10


00

Strongly Disagree

00

Title: Industrial hygiene is essential for workers safety

0

0

10 Strongly Agree Agree

10

30


Figure No: 3.1(B) (8) 

It is seen from the chart above that out of the 50 people 30 people have opted for good.

Analysis: According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed none of the labourers disagree. So it can be assumed that this facility will prove good for both the company and the employees. 60

9. Do you feel Crèche facility is essential to motivate the female workers? Findings: Strongly Agree

27

Agree

07


01

Strongly Disagree

00

Title: Crèche facility is essential

0 1 15 Strongly Agree 27

Agree Satisfactory Disagree

7

Strongly Disagree

Figure No: 3.1(B) (9) 

It is seen from the chart above that out of the 50 people 27 people have opted for strongly.

Analysis: According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 1 laborer disagreed. So it can be assumed that this facility will help in motivating the female workers. 61

10. Do you feel Consumer co-operative societies should be encouraged? Findings: Strongly Agree

16

Agree

24


02

Strongly Disagree

00 Title: Consumer co-operative societies

0 2

8

16 Strongly Agree Agree Satisfactory Disagree 24

Strongly Disagree

Figure No: 3.1(B) (10) 

It is seen from the chart above that out of the 50 people 24 people have opted for Agree.


62

11. Do you feel Labour welfare facilities help in reducing labour absenteeism? Findings: Strongly Agree

28

Agree

16

Satisfactory

05

Disagree

01

Strongly Disagree

00 Title: Labour welfare facilities help in reducing labour absenteeism

0 5

1 Strongly Agree

16

28

Agree Satisfactory Disagree Strongly Disagree

Figure No: 3.1(B) (11) 


Analysis: According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 01 laborer disagreed. So it can be assumed that this facility will prove good for both the company and the employees. 63

12. Do you feel Labour welfare facilities help in reducing labour turnover? Findings: Strongly Agree

30

Agree

15


00

Strongly Disagree

00

Title: Labour welfare facilities help in reducing labour turnover

0

0

5 Strongly Agree

15

Agree 30


Figure No: 3.1(B) (12) 


64


65

13. Do you feel Labour welfare facilities help maintain better industrial relations? Findings: Strongly Agree

25

Agree

8


05

Strongly Disagree

00

Title: Labour welfare facilities help maintain better industrial relations

0 5 12 25

Strongly Agree Agree Satisfactory Disagree

8

Strongly Disagree

Figure No: 3.1(B) (13) 


66

Analysis:According to my study conducted and as the chart states above it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 05 labourers disagree. So it can be assumed that this facility will prove good for both the company and the employees.

67

3.1(C). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS CHI –SQUARE TEST The Chi-square test is an important test amongst the several tests of significance developed by statisticians. Chi-square is a statistical measure used in the context of sampling analysis for comparing a variance to a theoretical variance. As a non-parametric test, it can be used to determine if categorical data shows dependency or the two classifications are independent. The test is, in fact, a technique through the use of which it is possible for all researchers to (i)

Test the goodness of fit

(ii)

Test the significance of association between two attributes and

(iii)

Test the homogeneity or the significance of population variance.

As a test of independence, 2 test enables us to explain whether or not two attributes are associated. In such a situation, we proceed with the null hypothesis that the two attributes are independent.

If the calculated value is less than the tabulated value at certain degrees of

freedom, the null hypothesis is accepted and vice versa. 2 is calculated as follows:

2 =

 (O-E) 2 E

Where2

=

Chi – square

Oi

=

Observed Frequency 68

Ei

=

Expected Frequency

2 is always positive and it ranges from 0 to 00 The expected value for the contingency tabulated as follows. E = (Row total * Column total Grand total The 2 test depends on the set of observed and expected values and on the degrees of freedom. The 2 distribution is the limiting approximation designation.

69

CHI-SQUARE TESTING

Reducing labour absenteei sm

Strongly Agree Agree

Satisfactory

Disagree

Better Reducing

industrial

Motivate

Enhancing

labour

relations

the female

Canteen

workers

facilities

turnover

Total

28

30

25

27

26

136

16

15

8

7

12

58

5

5

12

15

10

47

1

0

5

1

2

9

0

0

0

0

0

0

50

50

50

50

50

250

Strongly Disagree

Total

70

STEP: 1

SETTING AN HYPOTHESIS

H0: There is great significance of Labour Welfare and Safety Measures AND it affects “The Quality of Work Life” in Unipatch Rubber Ltd. H1: There is no significance of Labour Welfare and Safety Measures AND it does not have any effect on Quality of Work Life in Unipatch Rubber Ltd.

STEP: 2 TO FIND THE EXPECTED FREQUENCY Expected frequency

= Corresponding row total * Corresponding column total Total number of samples

STEP: 3 CALCULATION OF CHI-SQUARE VALUE Formula

 (O-E) 2 2 = E

71

O

=

Observed frequency

E

=

Expected frequency

2

= Chi square

3. Computation Table for 2 O

E

O-E

(O-E)2

(O-E)2/E

28

27.2

0.8

0.64

0.0235

30

27.2

2.8

7.84

0.2882

25

27.2

-2.2

4.84

0.1779

27

27.2

-0.2

0.04

0.0014

26

27.2

-1.2

1.44

0.0529

16

11.6

4.4

19.36

1.6689

15

11.6

3.4

11.56

0.9965

8

11.6

-3.6

12.96

1.1172

7

11.6

-4.6

21.16

1.8241

12

11.6

0.4

0.16

0.0137

5

9.4

-4.4

19.36

2.0595

5

9.4

-4.4

19.36

2.0595

72

12

9.4

2.6

6.76

0.7191

15

9.4

5.6

31.36

3.3361

10

9.4

0.6

0.36

0.0382

1

1.8

-0.8

0.64

0.3555

0

1.8

-1.8

3.24

1.8

5

1.8

3.2

10.24

5.6888

1

1.8

-0.8

0.64

0.3555

2

1.8

0.2

0.04

0.0222

0

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00 22.054

TOTAL

STEP: 4 Level of significance α = 0.05 Degrees of freedom = (R-1) (C-1) = (5-1) (5-1) = 16 73

Tabulated value at 5% level of significance and degree of freedom 16 is 26.29

STEP: 5

The calculated value is lesser than the tabulated value: 22.054 < 26.296

RESULT

Therefore, accept the Null Hypothesis Ho and reject the alternate Hypothesis H1.

INFERENCE

Finally, on the basis of above chi-square test I can say that there is great significance of “Labour Welfare and Safety Measures” AND it affects “The Quality of Work Life” in Unipatch Rubber Ltd.

74

75

4.1 FINDINGS OF THE STUDY AT UNI PATCH RUBBER LIMITED

1. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 labourers who have been surveyed only 04 labourers are not happy with the facility. So it is very clear that the health provision that the company is providing to its labourers is good. 2. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 01 labor is not happy with the facility. So this very clear that the safety provisions that the company is providing to its labourers is good. 3. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 02 labourers are disagree. So the training program provided by the company helps the worker in increasing their skills. 4. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 01 labourer disagree. So working environment of the company motivates the worker. 5. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed none of the labourers disagree. So the health facilities provide by the company improves the efficiency of workers. 6. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed none of the labourers disagree. So it is clear that job satisfaction is essential for workers. 7. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 03 labourers disagree. So housing facilities helps in retaining the workers in the organization. 8. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed none of the labourers disagree. So this is clear that rest and recreation facilities are very important for workers. 9. According to my study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 02 labourers disagree. This proves that canteen facilities are very important for good health of labourers.

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10. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed none of the labourers are disagree. It means that industrial hygiene is very important for labourers in the organization for their safety. 11. According tothe study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 1 labour is disagree. So it is clear that crèches facilities helps in motivating the female workers. 12. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 02 labourers disagree. So it is very important to encourage consumers-cooperative for welfare of labourers. 13. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 01 labourer disagreed. Here, it is very clear that welfare facilities help in reducing labour absenteeism. 14. : According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed none of the labourers disagree. So labour welfare facilities helps in reducing labour turnover in the organization. 15. According to the study conducted it is seen that out of 50 people who have been surveyed only 05 labourers disagree. So it is also clear that labour welfare facilities heps in maintaining better industrial relationship.

77

4.2 SUGGESTIONS A few suggestions I would like to make in order to further improve on the labour welfare and safety measures in the company: 1. Better and quality food should be provided in the canteen. 2. Workers should compulsorily use helmet and the workers not using helmets should be strictly penalized by the management. 3. The company should immediately solve the labour problems in the company in order to improve industrial relation and for the smooth functioning of the organization. 4. A decent, spacious and well equipped library should be opened in the factory premises. This will definitely help the workers in getting recent and updated information knowledge. 5. Both Indian and Western toilets should be provided by the company and the toilets should be cleaned regularly. 6. There shall be sufficient number of spittoons placed at convenient places in the factory. 7. All dangerous and moving parts of machinery shall be securely fenced. Screws, bolts and teeth shall be completely encased to prevent danger. 8. No new employee shall be allowed to work on any dangerous machine, unless he is sufficiently trained or is working under the supervision of knowledgeable person. 9. Suitable device for cutting of power in emergencies shall be provided. 10. Scope of labour welfare should be increased.

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4.3 CONCLUSION

This survey included labourers/employees of the company. From the survey, it was found that most of the labourers were satisfied with the facilities given by the company. The effect of the labour welfare and safety measures and its effect on the quality of work life of the employees is good. Good labour welfare and safety measures if provided by the company have a positive reaction with respect to the quality of work life of any employee for various reasons. I have come to the conclusion that the various labour welfare and safety measures adopted by UNI PATCH RUBBER LIMITED meet the expectations of the employees and hence result is a good quality of work life for the employees.

79

QUESTIONNAIRE Designation:-………………….Age:-…

Please tick the option of your choice () Q.1. Experience in present organization? A: Outstanding

B: Good

C: Average

D: Poor A

SL.No

1.

How will you rate the health provision in your organization?

2.

How will you rate the safety provision in your organization?

80

B

C

D

FACILITIES A: Strongly Agree

B: Agree

C: Satisfactory

D: Disagree

E: Strongly Disagree A

SL.No

1.

Do you feel training programs helps in increasing the skill of workers?

2.

Do you feel Better working environment motivates the workers?

3.

Do you feel Health facilities improve the efficiency of the workers?

4.

Do you feel Job satisfaction is essential for the worker in the organization?

5.

Do you feel Housing facility helps in retaining workers in the organization?

6.

Do you feel Rest and recreation facilities should be provided to the workers?

7.

Do you feel Canteen facilities is must for good health of workers?

Do you feel Industrial hygiene is essential for workers 81

B

C

D

E

8.

safety?

9.

Do you feel Crèche facility is essential to motivate the female workers?

10.

Do you feel Consumer co-operative societies should be encouraged?

11.

Do you feel Labour welfare facilities help in reducing labor absenteeism?

12.

Do you feel Labor welfare facilities help in reducing labor turnover?

13.

Do you feel labor welfare facilities maintain better industrial relations?

82

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES: The following books and references have been used to carry out the study:

Books: 1. Jain S.P., “Industrial and Labour Laws”, published by “GAGAN KAPOOR”, for Dhanpati Rai & Co. (P) LTD (Eleventh Edition) 2005-2006. 2. Jambh L.C. And Jambh Savitri. “Safety And Source Management”, published by “Nirali Prakashan”, 2nd Edition Nov.2003. 3. Dhar D.M., “Industrial Safety Management”, published by “Everest Publishing House”, 1st Edition 2005. 4. Kale N.G., “Industrial Organization & Management”, Universal Law Publishing Co. 3rd Edition 2006. 5. Ackoff, Russell L., The Design of Social Research, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961 6. Berdie, Douglas R., and Anderson, John F., Questionnaires: Design and Use, Metuchen N.J.: TheScarecrow Press, Inc., 1974. 7. Boot, John C.G., and Cox, Edwin B., Statistical Analysis for Managerial Decisions, 2nd ed. New Delhi:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., (International Student Edition), 1979. 8. Cochran, W.G., Sampling Techniques, 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons., 1963. 9. Gibbons, J.D., Nonparametric Statistical Inference, Tokyo: McGraw-Hill Kogakusha Ltd., (International Student Edition), 1971. 10. Noether, G.E., Elements of Nonparametric Statistics, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1967. 11. Kothari C.R.- “Research Methodology” University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India, New Age International Publishers, 2004.

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WEBSITES:http://www.scribd.com/doc/28623180/PROJECT-REPORT-on-Employee-Welfare-atHindalco-Renukoot http://www.citehr.com/research.php?q=impact-of-employee-welfare-measures-onproductivity#axzz1VmevlNYG http://www.google.co.in/#hl=en&source=hp&q=research+paper+on+labour+welfare+and+safety +measures&rlz=1R2ADSA_enIN415&aq=f&aqi=&aql=f&oq=&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw .&fp=c372f750a604cadb&biw=1348&bih=531 http://softnetweb.com/find/pdf/research+work+on+employee+welfare+measures http://www.tn.gov.in/spc/tenthplan/CH_8_3.PDF http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/5553/1/Thatcherism_New_Labour_and_the_Welfare_State.pdf http://www.academon.com/Term-Paper-Employee-Safety-Health-and-Welfare-Law/94679 http://www.academon.com/Term-Paper-Employee-Safety-Health-and-Welfare-Law/94679 http://www.unipatch.com/manufacturing_facilities.html http://wikimapia.org/14783652/Unipatch-Rubber-Factory-Gwalior-MP-India http://www.unipatch.com/disclaimer.html http://panjiva.com/Unipatch-Rubber-Ltd/1302824

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A Project Report on Labour Welfare and Safety

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