9.1.3 Product Description for BTS 3606E

BTS3606E CDMA Base Station Product Description

Airbridge BTS3606E CDMA Base Station Product Description Document Version V3.60 Product Version

V300R006

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support and service. Please feel free to contact our local office or company headquarters.

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Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to the BTS3606E....................................................................................7 1.1 Functions of the BTS3606E..............................................................................................7 1.2 Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network..............................................................8 1.3 Interfaces of the BTS3606E............................................................................................12 Chapter 2 Key Benefits..............................................................................................................14 2.1 Technical Features..........................................................................................................14 2.2 High Reliability ...............................................................................................................15 2.3 Wide Coverage...............................................................................................................15 2.3.1 Receiver Sensitivity..............................................................................................15 2.3.2 Transmit Power (Measured at RF Port)................................................................16 2.3.3 ODU Cascading....................................................................................................16 2.4 Flexible Networking.........................................................................................................16 2.4.1 Networking Interfaces...........................................................................................16 2.4.2 Networking Modes................................................................................................16 2.4.3 Clock Sources.......................................................................................................16 2.5 Customized Operation and Maintenance System...........................................................17 2.5.1 System Status Monitoring.....................................................................................17 2.5.2 GUI Configuration.................................................................................................17 2.5.3 Data Configuration................................................................................................17 2.5.4 Alarm Processing..................................................................................................17 2.5.5 Security Management...........................................................................................18 2.5.6 Test Function........................................................................................................18 2.5.7 Site Monitoring......................................................................................................18 2.5.8 Upgrade................................................................................................................18 2.5.9 Operation on the Equipment ................................................................................18 2.5.10 Auto Restart .......................................................................................................19 2.5.11 Reverse Maintenance ........................................................................................19 2.5.12 Interference Detection........................................................................................19 2.6 Easy Upgrade and Expansion.........................................................................................19 2.6.1 High Compatibility.................................................................................................19 2.6.2 Flexible Configuration...........................................................................................19 2.6.3 Smooth Expansion................................................................................................19 Chapter 3 System Structure......................................................................................................20 3.1 Physical Structure...........................................................................................................20 3.1.1 Cabinet.................................................................................................................20 3.1.2 Subrack................................................................................................................24 Commercial in Confidence

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3.1.3 Board and Module................................................................................................25 3.2 Logical Structure.............................................................................................................27 3.2.1 Baseband Subsystem...........................................................................................27 3.2.2 RF Subsystem......................................................................................................28 3.2.3 Antenna Subsystem..............................................................................................28 3.2.4 Power Supply Subsystem.....................................................................................29 3.3 Physical Ports.................................................................................................................29 3.4 Huawei CDMA BTS Family.............................................................................................31 Chapter 4 Services and Functions............................................................................................33 4.1 Power Control and Rate Control.....................................................................................33 4.1.1 Forward Power Control.........................................................................................33 4.1.2 Reverse Power Control.........................................................................................34 4.1.3 Rate Control.........................................................................................................35 4.2 Handoff............................................................................................................................35 4.2.1 Soft Handoff..........................................................................................................36 4.2.2 Softer Handoff ......................................................................................................36 4.2.3 Virtual Soft Handoff...............................................................................................36 4.2.4 Hard Handoff........................................................................................................36 4.2.5 Handoff Between the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO System and the CDMA2000 1X System.............................................................................................................................36 4.3 Radio Configuration........................................................................................................37 4.4 Channel Configuration ...................................................................................................37 4.4.1 CDMA2000 1X Channels......................................................................................37 4.4.2 CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Channels...........................................................................39 4.5 DO Enhancement Features.............................................................................................40 4.5.1 BCMCS.................................................................................................................40 4.5.2 Enhanced QoS.....................................................................................................41 4.6 1X Rel A Features...........................................................................................................41 4.6.1 Forward Power Control.........................................................................................41 4.6.2 Cell Broadcast Short Message.............................................................................41 4.7 DO Rev A Features.........................................................................................................41 4.8 Multi-Carrier Function......................................................................................................41 4.9 Receiver/Transmitter Diversity........................................................................................42 4.10 Trunking Calls ..............................................................................................................42 Chapter 5 Reliability...................................................................................................................44 5.1 System Reliability............................................................................................................44 5.1.1 De-rating Design...................................................................................................44 5.1.2 Quality Control of Components.............................................................................44 5.1.3 Thermal Design....................................................................................................45 5.1.4 EMC Design.........................................................................................................45 5.1.5 Threshold for Closing CMPA.................................................................................45 Commercial in Confidence

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5.1.6 Redundancy Design.............................................................................................45 5.1.7 Reliability Measures for Input Power....................................................................45 5.1.8 Maintainability Design...........................................................................................45 5.1.9 Fault Monitoring and Handling..............................................................................46 5.2 Hardware Reliability........................................................................................................46 5.2.1 Protection Against Wrong Insertion of Boards......................................................46 5.2.2 Flexible Configuration of the SFP Interface..........................................................47 5.2.3 BCKM Active/Standby Switchover .......................................................................47 5.2.4 BCIM Resistance Query.......................................................................................47 5.2.5 BCIM 1 + 1 Backup...............................................................................................47 5.2.6 N+1 Redundancy for Baseband Fans...................................................................47 5.2.7 Short Circuit Protection for Fan Power Port..........................................................47 5.2.8 CE Pool Design for CCPMs..................................................................................47 5.2.9 Support for Static Resource Pools........................................................................48 5.2.10 Status Monitoring and Alarm Report...................................................................48 5.2.11 Distributed Power Supply....................................................................................48 5.3 Software Reliability..........................................................................................................48 5.3.1 Periodic Check on Key Resources.......................................................................48 5.3.2 Process Monitoring...............................................................................................48 5.3.3 Data Check...........................................................................................................48 5.3.4 Fault Isolation.......................................................................................................49 5.3.5 Black Box Function...............................................................................................49 5.3.6 Self-Test................................................................................................................49 5.3.7 Upgrade Reversibility............................................................................................49 5.3.8 Log Function.........................................................................................................49 Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance.....................................................................................50 6.1 O&M Structure................................................................................................................50 6.1.1 Structure of Local O&M System............................................................................50 6.1.2 Structure of M2000 System..................................................................................51 6.2 O&M Functions...............................................................................................................52 6.2.1 Data Configuration Management..........................................................................52 6.2.2 Interface Tracing...................................................................................................53 6.2.3 Performance Management...................................................................................53 6.2.4 Alarm Management...............................................................................................53 6.2.5 Log Management..................................................................................................53 Chapter 7 Technical Specifications...........................................................................................55 7.1 System Performance.......................................................................................................55 7.1.1 Transmitter and Receiver Specifications...............................................................55 7.1.2 Cascading Specifications......................................................................................58 7.1.3 Transmission Link BER Threshold Specifications.................................................59 7.2 Physical and Electrical Specifications.............................................................................59 Commercial in Confidence

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7.3 Reliability Specifications..................................................................................................60 7.4 Compliant Safety Standards............................................................................................60 7.5 EMC Standards...............................................................................................................61 7.6 Environmental Requirements..........................................................................................62 7.6.1 Storage Environment............................................................................................63 7.6.2 Transportation Environment..................................................................................65 7.6.3 Operation Environment.........................................................................................67 Chapter 8 Installation.................................................................................................................71 8.1 System Installation..........................................................................................................71 8.2 System Expansion and Upgrade.....................................................................................71

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Chapter 1 Introduction to the BTS3606E This chapter briefly describes the system functions and structure of the BTS3606E and the position and role of the BTS3606E in the CDMA network. This chapter consists of the following sections: 

Functions of the BTS3606E



Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network



Interfaces of the BTS3606E

This chapter gives you the information about the position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA communication network and some basic knowledge of the BTS3606E.

1.1 Functions of the BTS3606E The BTS3606E is located between the base station controller (BSC) and the mobile station (MS)/access terminal (AT) in the CDMA network. Under the control of the BSC, it serves one cell or several logical sectors. The BTS3606E is connected with the BSC through the Abis interface. It manages the following: 

Radio resources



Radio parameters



Interfaces

It also implements radio transmission over the Um interface, as well as the related control functions. The BTS3606E is an indoor BTS supporting multi-cell configuration. The BTS3606E has the following features: 

Large capacity



Compact size



Easy installation



Flexible coverage

It is ideal for the areas with medium or high traffic density. The BTS3606E system has advanced structure, which is compatible with CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO (DO Enhancement, DO Rev A). It can operate in the following modes: 

CDAM2000 1X mode



CDAM2000 1xEV-DO mode



CDMA2000 1X/1xEV-DO hybrid mode


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The BTS3606E can be expanded smoothly to meet the requirements of CDMA AIE phase I. The BTS3606E supports CDMA trunking communication technology, and thus provides trunking functions such as Push To Talk (PTT).

1.2 Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network 1.2 shows the position of the BTS3606E in a CDMA network.

M2000

PDSN/FA AAA HA PS Domain SMC BTS

SCP HLR/AC

MSC/VLR/ SSP/IP

Service Network

BSC

Internet

CS Domain

BTS

PSTN/PLMN/ISDN AN AAA

GLMS GMSC

TSC DPS iGWB Trunking Domain

SMT VPN

Figure 1.1 Networking of Huawei CDMA 1X/1xEV-DO/digital trunking system


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1.2 lists the functions of the elements in the CDMA network. Table 1.1 Functions of the elements in the CDMA network Element

Function

Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

The BTS is used to transmit and receive radio signals and to implement the communication between the mobile network and the MS. Huawei provides a series of BTS products.

Base Station Controller (BSC)

The BSC is used to implement the following functions: 

Controlling and managing the BTSs



Setting up and releasing call connections



Implementing power control



Managing radio resources



Implementing

handoffs

to

ensure

reliable

radio

connections Mobile Switching Center (MSC)

The MSC is used to implement the following functions: 

Call setup



Route selection



Radio resource allocation



Mobility management



Location registration



Channel switching within switching area



Bill generation



Service coordination with the PSTN



SS7 interface and network interface

Visitor Location Register (VLR)

The VLR is a dynamic database. It stores the information of the subscribers currently in its MSC area. The VLR is integrated with the MSC physically.

Service Switching Point (SSP)

The SSP is used to detect intelligent service requests, to communicate with the SCP, and to respond to the service request from the SCP. It allows the service logics in the SCP to process the calls. An SSP implements call control and service switching. The SSP is integrated into the MSC/VLR physically.

Intelligent Peripheral (IP)


The IP is integrated into the MSC physically. Through the internal interface, the IP provides dedicated resource for the SSP to implement intelligent services.

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Element

Function

Home Location Register (HLR)

The HLR is a database that is used to manage mobile subscribers. It stores the following information: 

Subscription information



Subscriber states



MS location information



MDN



IMSI (MIN)

Authentication Center (AC)

The AC is used to manage the information for subscriber authentication. It is integrated into the HLR physically.

Short Message Center (SMC)

The SMC is used to store and forward short messages. It also provides supplementary services related to short message.

Service Control Point (SCP)

The SCP is the core component of the intelligent network. It implements the following functions: 

Storing the subscriber data and service logics



Receiving the query requests from the SSP and querying the database to carry out decoding



Initiating service logics according to the call event reported by the SSP and setting up intelligent calls by sending call control instructions to the SSP according to service logics

Gateway Switching (GMSC) Packet Serving (PDSN)

Mobile Center

Data Node

Home Agent (HA)


The GMSC provides the following functions: 

Requesting the routing information of a called subscriber



Providing interconnection and settling between networks

The PDSN is a gateway used to connect the mobile network and the IP backbone network. It provides the access of packet data service for mobile subscribers. The HA provides the interface between the mobile network and the Internet. It is an auxiliary node for mobile subscribers to access the Internet. It supports downlink data forwarding in the mobile IP tunnel mode and uplink data forwarding through reverse tunnel.

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Element

Function

Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA)

The AAA server is a remote verification server for dial-in subscribers. It provides the following services: 

Authentication



Authorization



Accounting



Data value-added services

It supports multiple types of databases, powerful agent, and flexible operations. Trunk Switching Center (TSC)

The TSC is used to process trunk call signaling and to implement trunk call media distribution. A TSC can be connected with multiple PCFs.

Group and List Management Server (GLMS)

The GLMS is used to manage the information about:

iGateway (iGWB)

Bill

Dispatcher Server (DPS)



Trunk group



Trunk service subscribers



Subscriber trunk service



Dispatcher



Virtual Private Network (VPN)

The iGWB is used to collect, store, filter, sort, and send bills. The DPS is used to implement the following functions: 

Call setup and voice conversion between the Dispatcher (DPT) and the MSE



Call transfer and connection between the DPT and the PSTN/PLMN

Service Maintenance Terminal (SMT)




Transfer of session control command transfer for the DPT



Transfer of trunk session state information

The SMT enables the VPN manager and the VPN operator to manage the data of subscribers, groups, location areas, and so on.

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Element iManager (M2000)

Function

M2000

The M2000 is the centralized management platform for Huawei wireless network products. The M2000 is used to implement the following functions: 

Centralized fault management



Centralized performance management



Centralized configuration management



Centralized topology management



Centralized security management



System management

1.3 Interfaces of the BTS3606E 1.3 shows the standard signaling interfaces the BTS3606E provides. As shown in the figure, the BTS3606E supports the Um interface and Abis interface. Through these interfaces, the BTS3606E can interwork with any standard BSC, and MS)/AT.

MS/AT

Um

BTS: Base transceiver station

BTS

Abis

BSC

BSC: Base station controller

MS: Mobile station

Figure 1.2 Interfaces of the BTS3606E


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1.3 lists the interfaces of the BTS3606E and their properties. Table 2.1 Interfaces of the BTS3606E and their properties Interface

Peer

Protocol

Signaling protocol

Transmission

Abis

BSC

Internal protocol

Internal protocol

E1/T1/FE

Um

MS/AT

IS-2000-2-A, IS2000-3-A, TSB2000

Air interface protocol

Radio Wave


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Chapter 2 Key Benefits This chapter describes the key benefits of the BTS3606E. This chapter consists of the following sections: 

Technical Features



High Reliability



Wide Coverage



Flexible Networking



Customized Operation and Maintenance System



Easy Upgrade and Expansion

2.1 Technical Features The BTS3606E boasts the following technical features: 

Supporting smooth upgrade to CDMA2000 AIE (Air Interface Enhance) phase I based on advanced system structure



Supporting both CDMA2000 1X standards and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO standards.



Supporting CDMA2000 1X/1xEV-DO hybrid networking. The ratio of CDMA2000 1X carriers to CDMA2000 1xEV-DO carriers is flexible



Supporting future demands through enhanced structure and good expansibility



Supporting high-power coverage and large-capacity coverage using carriers of different frequencies for a single sector



Adopting resource pool design to improve hardware resources utilization and error tolerance capability of the system



Supporting inter-carrier channel processing resource pools to improve hardware utilization and system fault tolerance



Adopting digital intermediate frequency (IF) technology to improve system reliability



Adopting intelligent fan control to increase the service life of fans and reduce the noise



Supporting anti-interference through in-band adaptive wave filtering



Supporting 450 MHz, 800 MHz, 1900MHz and 2100 MHz bands



Supporting cascading with the ODU to flexibly extend the coverage of radio network



Supporting forward and reverse load control and access channel load control to ensure the system capacity and service quality



Supporting various service negotiations, including active negotiations, passive negotiations, and non-negotiations


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

Supporting push to talk (PTT) functions



Supporting the wizard upgrade of the BSS system



Supporting GUI configuration



Supporting a variety of methods to set the daylight saving time (DST).



Supporting forward and reverse interference spectrum scan, thus capable of accurate identification of interference



Supporting transceiver module output power detection, thus capable of convenient identification of cable faults between RF modules



Supporting the mixed insertion of different-band carriers in the same cabinet



Supporting six-sector cell configuration, with the maximum configuration of S(6/6/6/6/6/6) or S(12/12/12).



Supporting IP transmission over the Abis interface



Supporting satellite transmission over the Abis interface

 Note: The BTS3606E supports CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO by using different types of channel processing boards such as CCPMs/CECMs.

2.2 High Reliability The BTS3606E uses the following mechanisms to ensure reliability: 

System hardware backup



Available inverse upgrade process



Resource pool design

The mean time between failure (MTBF) of the system reaches 100,000 hours.

2.3 Wide Coverage The BTS3606E can cover a wide area thanks to its excellent receiver and transmitter.

2.3.1 Receiver Sensitivity The diversity receiver is used to improve the reception. In RC3, the receiver sensitivity of the BTS3606E is as follows: 

–128 dBm on 800 MHz band



–127 dBm on 450 MHz, 1900 MHz, and 2100 MHz band


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2.3.2 Transmit Power (Measured at RF Port) On the 800 MHz band, the maximum transmit power is 100 W. On the 450 MHz, 1900MHz and 2100 MHz bands, the maximum transmit power is 60 W. For details, see section 7.1.1"Transmitter and Receiver Specifications."

2.3.3 ODU Cascading The BTS3606AE supports ODU cascading through the following methods: 

The SFP interface of the CRDM supports ODU cascading.



If the CRDM is not configured, the SFP interface of the CCPM/CECM supports ODU cascading.

In the CDMA2000 1X or CDMA2000 1xEV-DO network, each SFP interface can connect three levels of ODUs to extend the radio coverage.

2.4 Flexible Networking The BTS3606E enables flexible networking and supports various networking modes by providing various interfaces and clock resources.

2.4.1 Networking Interfaces The BTS3606E supports the networking through: 

ATM transmission based on the E1/T1



IP transmission based on the E1/T1 and fast Ethernet (FE)



Inverse Multiplexing on ATM (IMA), User Network Interface (UNI), Point to Point Protocol (PPP), Multiple Point to Point Protocol (MLPPP), Fractional ATM (FRAC), and Fractional IMA (FRACIMA) transmission link groups

2.4.2 Networking Modes The BTS3606E supports chain, star, tree, ring, fractional ATM, and ODU cascading networking modes. The BTS3606E can share the transmission network with GSM BTSs. In addition, it can provide the GSM BTSs with transmission channels on the Abis interface in fractional ATM mode.

2.4.3 Clock Sources The BTS3606E supports the following clock sources to adapt to various networking conditions: 

Global positioning system (GPS) clock



Global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) clock


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

Remote Global positioning system (RGPS) clock



Other external clock sources

With a high precision clock module (CHCM) equipped, the BTS3606E can keep clock synchronization for 72 hours after the external clock source signal is lost.

 Note: Only in the +24V DC Cabinet, the BTS3606E can support RGPS when it configures the QCK3CSLM.

2.5 Customized Operation and Maintenance System The operation and maintenance (O&M) of the BTS3606E is implemented through the local maintenance terminal (LMT) and the iManager M2000 mobile network management system (M2000). This section describes the O&M of the BTS3606E.

2.5.1 System Status Monitoring This function shows the following information: 

System operation and resource status



Configuration



Status of the local cell and logical cells

2.5.2 GUI Configuration The BTS3606E provides graphical user interfaces (GUIs) to facilitate system configuration.

2.5.3 Data Configuration The BTS3606E supports dynamic data configuration. The configured data takes effect without resetting the BTS. The BTS3606E also supports data batch processing. You can configure the common data for multiple network elements at a time. The BTS3606E supports the backup of the configuration data.

2.5.4 Alarm Processing The alarm processing function includes:


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

Alarm collection



Alarm clearing



Alarm querying



Alarm shielding



Alarm filtering

2.5.5 Security Management The security management function includes: 

User login authentication



Command authority restriction



Confirmation of dangerous operation



User group management



Timeout locking

2.5.6 Test Function The BTS3606E supports both off-line and in-service tests. The tests include: 

Board loopback test



Self-test



Trunk loopback test

2.5.7 Site Monitoring A data transmission channel is available for the monitoring devices in the equipment room to ensure unattended operation and centralized monitoring of the BTS3606E.

2.5.8 Upgrade Users can upgrade the system remotely. The system can revert to the original version if the upgrade fails. The BTS3606E provides the auto loading function. When a board needs to be replaced, if the software versions of this board and the new board are different, the software of the new board can be upgraded automatically through the auto loading function.

2.5.9 Operation on the Equipment The BTS3606E supports operations from its front side, and the boards in its cabinet are hot-swappable. This facilitates the maintenance, upgrade, and expansion of the system.


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2.5.10 Auto Restart When the BTS3606E is out of service owing to power failure or transmission failure, it can restart automatically right after the faults are cleared.

2.5.11 Reverse Maintenance With the reverse maintenance function, you can log in to the back administration module (BAM) from the LMT through the Ethernet port on the BCKM to perform operation, maintenance, and management for the whole BSS.

2.5.12 Interference Detection The BTS3606E supports interference detection. If the frame error rate (FER) is high, the system records the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and traffic volume. Based on such records, the system determines whether the interference exists.

2.6 Easy Upgrade and Expansion Thanks to its high compatibility, flexible configuration, and modular structure, the BTS3606E can be easily upgraded and expanded to meet different requirements.

2.6.1 High Compatibility The BTS3606E supports CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO and enables smooth evolution to CDMA AIE phase I. By replacing the CCPMs with CECMs and upgrading the software, you can upgrade the BTS3606E in a CDMA2000 1X network to support CDMA2000 1xEV-DO.

2.6.2 Flexible Configuration The BTS3606E supports multi-cell configuration. An ODU can be connected with the BTS3606E to provide one more cell. The BTS3606E supports 3-sector, 6-sector, and omnidirectional cell configurations.

2.6.3 Smooth Expansion The modular structure allows you to expand the BTS3606E by adding baseband boards, RF modules, or power supply modules.


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Chapter 3 System Structure This chapter describes the features of the BTS3606E hardware and functions from the aspect of system structure. This chapter consists of the following sections: 

Physical Structure



Logical Structure



Physical Ports



Huawei CDMA BTS Family

3.1 Physical Structure The physical structure of the BTS3606E can be divided by the following three levels: 

Cabinet



Subrack



Board and module

3.1.1 Cabinet The BTS3606E supports –48 V DC and +24 V DC power supplies.

I. Cabinet Appearance The dimensions of the 3606E cabinet are (excluding the components on the top of the cabinet): Height  Width  Depth = 1,600 mm [62.99 in.]  600 mm [23.62 in.]  650 mm [25.59 in.]


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I shows the BTS3606E cabinet.

Figure 1.3 BTS3606E cabinet

II. Cabinet Features The BTS3606E cabinet features: 

Light weight thanks to its aluminum alloy materials



Excellent electrical conductivity and shielding effect



Good ventilation thanks to reasonable engineering of air ducts



Easy installation and maintenance



Nice and attractive appearance

III. Cabinet Configuration The BTS3606E cabinet is composed of: 

CDDU/IDFU subrack



3606E Baseband subrack



Carrier subrack



Power supply subrack



Fan box



Switch box


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

Cabling trough

In the –48 V cabinet, the power supply subrack is equipped with a PSU module. For the +24 V cabinet, the power supply subrack is equipped with a module that prevents wrong connection. The –48 V cabinet and the +24 V cabinet have no other difference. Based on the –48 V cabinet, this section describes the configuration of the BTS3606E cabinet. III shows the fully-configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet with CDDUs.

C D D U 1

C D D U 2

Cabling trough C M T R 1

C M P A 3

C M T R 3

C M P A 5

C M T R 5

Switch box

C M P A 1

Cabling trough C M P A 0

C M T R 0

C M P A 2

C M T R 2

C M P A 4

C M T R 4

B C B B BB C H C R R C C C C C C CC P E E E E K DD I I I I C M M M MM MMM MMM M 1 0 1 6 7 8 90 1 23

Switch box

Cabling trough B CC C C CC C EE E E EE K MM M M MM M 01 2 345 0

Switch box

C D D U 0

Fan tray Dummy panel

P S U 0

P S U 1

P S U 2

Figure 1.4 A fully–configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet (with CDDUs)


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I D F U 0

I D F U 1

I D F U 2

I D F U 3

I D F U 4

I D F U 5


C M P A 3

C C M M T P R A 3 5

C M T R 5

Switch box

C M P A 1


C M P A 2

C M T R 2

C M P A 4

C M T R 4

Switch box

C M P A 0

Cabling trough B CC C C CC C E E E E EE K MM M MMM M 0 1 2 3 45 0

Switch box

III shows the shows the fully-configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet with IDFUs.

BCC B BB B H C R R C C CC C CC C P E E E E KDD I I II C M M M M MMMMMMM M 1 0 1 6 7 8 9 0 1 23

Dummy panel

Fan box P S U 0

P S U 1

P S U 2

Figure 1.5 A fully–configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet (with IDFUs)


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 Note: 

The CCPM and CECM are collectively called the channel element module (CEM). A slot for CEM can be inserted with either the CCPM or the CECM.



The BTS3606E can be equipped with CDDUs or IDFUs. The CDDU supports the dual duplexer while the IDFU supports the single duplexer.



The power supply subrack in the +24 V cabinet is equipped with a module that prevents wrong connection. This is the only difference between the +24 V cabinet and the –48 V cabinet.

3.1.2 Subrack The BTS3606E cabinet consists of the following subracks: 

CDDU/IDFU subrack



RF subrack



Baseband subrack



Power supply subrack

The CDDU subrack and IDFU subrack cannot be configured in the same system.

I. CDDU Subrack The CDDU subrack, in which the CDDU is configured, resides in the upper part of the BTS3606E cabinet. The CDDU is one of the RF front end modules. It completes the filtering and duplex isolation of two received and transmitted signals.

II. IDFU Subrack The IDFU subrack, in which the IDFU is configured, resides on the upper part of the BTS3606E cabinet. The IDFU is one of the RF front end modules. It completes the filtering and duplex isolation of two received and transmitted signals.

III. RF Subrack The RF subrack resides in the middle of the cabinet, that is, between the CDDU/CDFU subrack and the baseband subrack. It has two layers configured with CMTRs and CMPAs.

IV. Baseband Subrack The baseband subrack resides on the bottom of the cabinet, that is, between the RF subrack and the PSU subrack. It is configured with baseband boards.

V. Power Supply Subrack In the cabinet, the power supply subrack is located under the baseband subrack. The Commercial in Confidence

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power supply subrack has the following features: 

In the –48 V cabinet, the power supply subrack is used to house the PSU DC/DC module. The PSUDC/DC modules provide the +24 V power to the BTS3606E. They form the power supply subsystem together with the power distribution unit, lightning protection unit, and monitoring unit.



In the +24V cabinet, the power supply subrack is used to house the module that prevents wrong connection. The PSUDC/DC modules provide the +24 V power to the BTS3606E. They form the power supply subsystem together with the power distribution unit, lightning protection unit, and monitoring unit.

3.1.3 Board and Module I. Boards and Modules I lists the boards and modules of the BTS3606E. Table 5.1 Boards and modules of the BTS3606E Acronyms

Full name

BCIM

BTS Control Interface Module

BCKM

BTS Control & Clock Module

CCPM

Compact-BTS Channel Process Module

CECM

Compact-BTS EVDO Channel Module

CDDU

Compact-BTS Dual Duplexer Unit

CMPA

Compact-BTS Multi-carrier Power Amplifier

CMTR

Compact-BTS Multi-carrier Transceiver Module

CRDM

Compact-BTS Resource Distribution Module

HPCM

High Precision Clock Module

IDFU

Indoor-BTS Duplexer and Filter Unit

PSU

Power Supply Unit

CESP

Compact-BTS E1 Surge Protector

CSLM

Compact-BTS Serial port Lightningproof Module


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II. Functions of Boards and Modules II lists the functions of boards and modules in the BTS3606E. Table 5.2 Functions of boards and modules in the BTS3606E Acronyms BCIM

Function The BCIM connects the BTS and the BSC. The BCIM supports the following: 

Transmission through E1, T1, and FE



Transmission over ATM or IP

Six transmission link groups (IMA, UNI, FRACTIONAL ATM, FRACTIONAL IMA, PPP, and MLPPP) BCKM

The BCKM controls and manages the BTS system to implement the following functions: 

Main control



Operation and maintenance (O&M)



Clock synchronization

CCPM

The CCPM is a CDMA2000 1X service processing board. It processes the CDMA2000 1X service data on the forward and reverse channels.

CECM

The CECM is a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO service processing board. It processes the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO service data on the forward and reverse channels.

CDDU

The CDDU contains a transmit/receive duplex isolator and a lowpass filter for two RF signals. It implements the TX/RX signal coupling test.

CMTR

The CMTR implements the modulation/demodulation and up/down conversion of baseband IQ signals in the multi-carrier mode.

CMPA

The CMPA amplifies modulated RF signals output by the CMTR and monitors the power amplifier.

CRDM

The CRDM implements resource sharing among the CEMs through its switching function, and static resource pools are formed through resource sharing.

HPCM

The HPCM is optional. If the BTS is required to maintain the clock signal for up to 72 hours after the BTS loses the satellite synchronization clock signal, you need to configure the HPCM in the baseband subrack.3606E

IDFU

Indoor-BTS Duplexer and Filter Unit

PSU

The PSU supplies power to the cabinet and monitors the power supply.


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Acronyms

Function

CESP

The BTS E1 surge protector (CESP) implements the lightning protection for E1/T1 trunk cables.

CSLM

The CSLM provides surge protection for the followings: 

Alarm serial ports of the EAC



External clock serial ports



Alarm ports of external dry contact

3.2 Logical Structure The BTS3606E system consists of the following logical subsystems: 

Baseband subsystem



RF subsystem



Power supply subsystem



Antenna subsystem

3.2 shows the logical structure of the BTS3606E.

Um interf ace MS/AT

Antenna subsystem

RF subsy stem

Baseband subsy stem

Abis interface

BSC

DC cabinet: -48 V DC/+24 V DC

Power supply and env ironment monitor subsy stem BTS3606E

Figure 1.6 BTS3606E logical structure

3.2.1 Baseband Subsystem The baseband subsystem consists of the following modules: 

BCKM



BCIM



CRDM



CCPM



CECM



HPCM

It has the following functions: 

Providing Abis interface and processing signals according to the Abis interface protocol


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

Providing an electrical interface and a GE interface to the RF subsystem



Processing signals according to protocols of the Um physical layer and common channel (CCH) media access control (MAC) layer



Cascading with the ODUs through the SFP interface.



Implementing modulation/demodulation of CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO baseband signals and coding/decoding of CDMA channels



Providing synchronization clock signals to the BTS



Performing system resource management, O&M, and environment monitoring

 Note: The HPCM is optional. If the BTS is required to maintain the clock signal as long as 72 hours when the BTS cannot lock the satellite synchronization clock signal, you need to configure the HPCM.

3.2.2 RF Subsystem The RF subsystem consists of the CMTR, CMPA, and CDDU/IDFU. On forward links, the RF subsystem processes signals as follows: 1)

Performs power-adjustable up conversion and linear power amplification for modulated transmit signals.

2)

Filters transmit signals.

3)

Sends the signals to the RF antennas.

On reverse links, the RF subsystem processes signals as follows: 1)

Filters the received signals to suppress out-band interferences.

2)

Performs low-noise amplification.

3)

Performs noise factor-adjustable down conversion and channel-selective filtering.

4)

Sends the signals to the baseband subsystem.

3.2.3 Antenna Subsystem The antenna subsystem includes the RF antenna and the satellite synchronization antenna.

I. RF Antenna This part includes the following components: 

Transmit and receive antennas



Feeders


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

Jumpers

The RF antenna transmits and receives signals over the Um interface.

II. Satellite Synchronization Antenna This part includes the following components: 

Satellite signal receiving antenna



Feeder



Jumper



Lightning arrester

The satellite synchronization antenna receives synchronization signals from the GPS or the RGPS or the GLONASS satellite to provide a precise clock source for the BTS3606E.

3.2.4 Power Supply Subsystem The power supply subsystem consists of the power distribution unit, lightning protection unit, monitor unit, and power supply subrack. 

When power input is –48 V DC, the power supply subrack houses the PSU, which supports the –48 V DC power input and converts this power input into +24 V DC.



When power input is –48 V DC, the power supply subrack houses the module that prevents wrong connection to support the +24 V DC input. The power distribution module distributes the +24 V DC power to boards and modules

The power supply subsystem boasts the following features: 

Current equalizing



Hot backup



Centralized management



Distributed power supply

These features improve the reliability of power supply.

3.3 Physical Ports 3.3 lists the ports in a fully-configured BTS3606E cabinet.


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Table 6.1 Physical ports on the BTS3606E Interface Abis interface

ODU cascading port

Type

Quantity

Function

E1 or T1

32

E1s/T1s on the Abis interface connect the BTS and the BSC. E1s/T1s also support BTS cascading. When E1 is used, the BCIM provides the 75-Ohm and 120-Ohm ports. When T1 is used, BCIM provides the 100-Ohm link port.

FE

4

Transfers data to the BSC through an Ethernet network.

SFP interface

8

When the CRDM is used: One

CRDM

interfaces

to

provides

four

SFP

connect

ODUs.

A

maximum of three levels of ODUs can be cascaded in series. 20

When the CRDM is not used: One CCPM/CECM provides two SFP ports to connect ODUs. A maximum of three levels of ODUs can be cascaded in series.

Clock interface

GPS/GLON ASS

2

Provides signals.

RGPS

1

Only in +24V DC cabinet, It can support RGPS when the QCK2CSLM is used.

External synchronizat ion clock input

1

Provides high-precision clock when GPS/GLONASS clock signals are unavailable.

Maintenance port

Ethernet port

2

Works in active/standby mode to provide local maintenance path.

Power supply

Power supply

2

Provides –48 V DC/+24V DC power input.

PGND

1

Provides lightning protection for the BTS3606E.

Environment monitoring port

1

Connects to the EAC.

and

long-term

stable

clock

protection ground (PGND) port

Monitoring port


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3.4 Huawei CDMA BTS Family Huawei provides a full range of BTS products to enable a seamless coverage for urban, suburb, and rural areas, highway, and hot spots. 3.4 describes the applications of the Huawei BTS products. Table 6.2 Applications of Huawei BTS products Model

BTS3606E

BTS3606AE

Max carriers per cabinet

Capacity

36

36

Application

Type

Medium

Medium and small cities and towns where enough equipment room space is available

Indoor BTS supporting CDMA2000 1X and 1xEV-DO

Large

Densely populated areas and cities


Medium

Medium and small cities and towns where the traffic is heavy and equipment room space is unavailable

Outdoor BTS supporting CDMA2000 1X and 1xEV-DO

Large

Densely populated areas where the traffic is heavy and equipment room space is unavailable


BTS3601C

1

Small

Indoor, underground, highway, and railroad

Outdoor BTS supporting CDMA2000 1X (also applicable to indoor conditions)

BTS3601CE

6

Small

Indoor, underground, highway, and railroad

Outdoor BTS supporting CDMA2000 1X and 1xEV-DO (also applicable to indoor conditions)


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BTS3606C

18

Medium

Medium and small cities, towns, and the surrounding areas


BTS3606AC

9

Medium

Medium and small cities, towns, and the surrounding areas


 Note: A BTS3606C cabinet supports a maximum of nine sector carriers. With cabinet combination, a BTS3606C supports a maximum of 18 sector carriers.


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Chapter 4 Services and Functions This chapter describes the services and functions supported by the BTS3606E. This chapter consists of the following sections: 

Power Control and Rate Control



Handoff



Radio Configuration



Channel Configuration



DO Enhancement Features



1X Rel A Features



DO Rev A Features



Receiver/Transmitter Diversity



Trunking Calls

4.1 Power Control and Rate Control The CDMA system is a self-interference system. Each subscriber is an interference source to other subscribers. If every MS transmits at the minimum power needed, the system capacity reaches the maximum. Therefore, power control directly determines system capacity and quality of service (QoS). Operating in the CDMA2000 1X system, the BTS3606E adopts power control mechanism. Power control is classified into: 

Forward power control, used to control the transmit power of the BTS



Reverse power control, used to control the transmit power of the MS

Operating in the 1xEV-DO system, the BTS3606E adopts: 

Rate control in the forward direction



Power control in the reverse direction

4.1.1 Forward Power Control Depending on the MS protocol version and system parameters, the methods of forward power control can be: 

Power Control Based on PMRM



Power Control Based on EIB



Forward Fast Power Control


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I. Power Control Based on PMRM In the power control based on power measurement report message (PMRM), the MS determines the method and frequency of reporting PMRM according to the received control message contained in the system parameter message.

II. Power Control Based on EIB In the power control based on erasure indicator bit (EIB), the MS detects forward frame quality and sends this information to the BTS in an EIB. The BTS adjusts the transmit power according to the EIB information.

III. Forward Fast Power Control The MS uses power control bits to adjust the transmit power of the BTS. The power control bit can be transmitted at a maximum speed of 800 bit/s. The CDMA2000 1X system supports high-speed data services, which requires fast and accurate forward power control. The forward fast power control can accurately control the transmit power of forward channels. As a result, the interference is minimized and the capacity increases.

4.1.2 Reverse Power Control Reverse power control includes open-loop power control and closed-loop power control. Closed-loop power control consists of inner-loop power control and outer-loop power control.

I. Open-Loop Power Control The MS determines its transmit power to access the network according to the strength of the received pilot signal.

II. Closed-Loop Power Control The BTS sends a power control command to the MS, and adjusts its transmit power according to the feedback from the MS.


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II shows the process of the closed-loop power control. Power Control Bit

MS

Eb/Nt

FER

BTS

BSC

Eb/Nt changing quantity

Inner loop

Outer loop

Figure 1.7 Closed-loop power control In the inner-loop power control, the BTS sends power control bits to the MS according to the received Eb/Nt value. In the outer-loop power control, the BSC adjusts the Eb/Nt value according to: 

The frame error rate (FER) of the reverse signal received in the CDMA2000 1X network



The packet error rate (PER) of the reverse signal received in the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO network

Then the BTS sends power control bits to the MS based on the new Eb/Nt value. In this way, the transmit power of the MS can be controlled accordingly.

4.1.3 Rate Control Rate control applies to CDMA2000 1xEV-DO forward links only. The AT controls the rate of the forward traffic channel through data rate control (DRC) channel assignment.

4.2 Handoff When an MS or AT moves out of the serving cell or sector or the signal quality deteriorates to an unacceptable level, the MS or AT is handed off to another cell or sector to maintain the ongoing calls. If the system judges that a handoff can help improve the call quality and network performance, it also initates a handoff procedure. Different from CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 1xEV-DO also introduces virtual soft handoff function in forward traffic links. The following describes five types of handoffs.


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4.2.1 Soft Handoff Soft handoff occurs between neighbor cells that operate on the same frequency and belong to different BTSs. The two BTSs can belong to the same BSC, or two different BSCs connected with each other through the A3/A7 interface. In the soft handoff procedure, the MS maintains the connection with the source cell till it sets up the connection with the target cell. The MS not only sets up radio links with multiple cells, but also selects and combine the received signals from these links to improve conversation quality and reduce call drops.

4.2.2 Softer Handoff Softer handoff occurs between neighbor sectors that operate on the same frequency and belong to the same BTS. It is a special case of soft handoff. As the MS sets up radio links through multiple sectors of a BTS, the BTS can combine the signals received by these sectors. Therefore, the speech quality during a softer handoff is better than that during a soft handoff.

4.2.3 Virtual Soft Handoff Virtual soft handoff applies to 1xEV-DO forward traffic links only. The AT monitors all pilot signals in the active set and chooses the sector with best signals as its serving sector. Then, it receives signaling messages and data from the selected sector. This process is called virtual software handoff. The BTS determines whether the sector is selected according to the DRC cover.

4.2.4 Hard Handoff In the hard handoff procedure, the MS first terminates the connection with the previous cell, and then sets up a connection with the new cell. Therefore, call drops may occur. Hard handoff includes: 

Intra-frequency hard handoff: Handoff between the BSCs without A3/A7 connection



Inter-frequency hard handoff: Handoff between cells operating on different frequencies

4.2.5 Handoff Between the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO System and the CDMA2000 1X System The system supports the handoff by the CDMA2000 1X/1xEV-DO dual-mode terminal between the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system and the CDMA2000 1X one, thus realizing Commercial in Confidence

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interworking of both systems. The dual-mode terminal performs registration, authentication, and signaling and data exchange in the two systems through the air interfaces.

4.3 Radio Configuration The CDMA2000 1X physical layer supports multiple radio configurations (RCs). Different RCs support the frames of different rate sets, and feature different channel configurations and spread spectrum structures. The transmission combinations supported by the BTS3606E include: 

Forward RC1 and reverse RC1






Forward RC3 or RC4, and reverse RC3




Each RC supports traffic channels of different data rates. The bearer capability of the CDMA2000 1X system varies with RCs. For example, the CDMA2000 1X system with RC1 and RC2 is compatible with IS-95A/B.

4.4 Channel Configuration A series of physical channels are defined on the Um interface. These physical channels are classified based on channel features. For a higher data transmission rate, CDMA2000 1xEV-DO uses a channel design different from that of CDMA2000 1X.

4.4.1 CDMA2000 1X Channels The following lists CDMA2000 1X channels.

I. Forward Channels CDMA2000 1X forward channels include forward common channels and forward dedicated channels. Forward common channels are further divided into: 

Forward pilot channel (F-PICH) The F-PICH provides synchronization signals for the MSs. The F-PICH is an spread spectrum signal not modulated that is always in the transmit state.



Forward synchronization channel (F-SYNCH) The F-SYNCH provides initial time synchronization information for MSs.



Forward paging channel (F-PCH) The F-PCH sends overhead messages and MS-specific messages to MSs. Each


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CDMA channel in a sector supports seven F-PCHs at most. 

Forward quick paging channel (F-QPCH) The F-QPCH sends the paging order and system configuration change order to slotted-mode MSs, instructing them to receive the paging messages. As a result, the MS battery energy is saved.



Forward common control channel (F-CCCH) The F-CCCH sends overhead messages and MS-specific messages to the MS.



Forward Broadcast Control Channel (F-BCCH) The F-BCCH sends system broadcast messages to the MS. Forward dedicated channels are further divided into:



Forward dedicated control channel (F-DCCH) The F-DCCH carries traffic and signaling messages between the MS and the BTS.



Forward fundamental channel (F-FCH) The F-FCH carries traffic between the MS and the BTS.



Forward supplemental channel (F-SCH) The F-SCH carries traffic between the MS and the BTS. It is applicable to RC3, RC4, and RC5 only.

II. Reverse Channels CDMA2000 1X reverse channels include reverse common channels and reverse dedicated channels. Reverse common channels are further divided into: 

Reverse access channel (R-ACH) The MS communicates with the BTS and responds to paging channel messages through the R-ACH. The MS uses random access protocol to initiate an access procedure. With respect to each supported paging channel, 32 access channels can be supported at most.



Reverse enhanced access channel (R-EACH) The MS initiates the communication with the BTS or responds to dedicated paging channel messages through the R-EACH. Reverse dedicated channels are further divided into:



Reverse fundamental channel (R-FCH) The R-FCH carries traffic and signaling messages between the MS and the BTS.



Reverse dedicated control channel (R-DCCH)


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The R-DCCH carries traffic and signaling messages between the MS and the BTS. 

Reverse supplemental channel (R-SCH) The R-SCH carries traffic between the MS and the BTS. It is applicable to RC3 and RC4 only.

4.4.2 CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Channels The following lists CDMA2000 1xEV-DO channels.

I. Forward Channels CDMA2000 1xEV-DO forward channels adopt the TDM mode. It includes four types of channels: 

Pilot channel Signals transmitted on the pilot channel are not modulated. They are used for AT synchronization and other associated functions. In a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system, pilot channel signals are not transmitted continuously.



Media access control (MAC) channel There are three types of code division sub-channels in the MAC channel: –

Reverse activity (RA) sub-channel, used for reverse overload control

on the Um interface –

Reverse power control (RPC) sub-channel, used for reverse power

control –

Data rate control lock (DRCLock) sub-channel, used by the AN to

inform the AT whether the DRC channel of the AT can be properly demodulated 

Control channel The control channel is similar to the paging channel in a CDMA2000 1X system. It is used to broadcast various overhead messages and transmit uni-cast messages such as paging messages.



Traffic channel The traffic channel carries traffic data. It is a TDM channel that serves multiple subscribers.

II. Reverse Channels CDMA2000 1xEV-DO reverse channels include the following channels: 

Reverse access channel


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The AT originates calls or responds to network paging messages through the reverse access channel. The reverse access channel consists of:



–

Pilot sub-channel (transmitted on I channel)

–

Data sub-channel (transmitted on Q channel)

Reverse traffic channel The reverse traffic channels are as follows: –

Pilot channel

The pilot channel helps the coherence demodulation and phase estimation of the BTS3606E. –

MAC channel

The MAC channel consists of reverse rate indicator (RRI) sub-channel and DRC sub-channel. The AT uses the DRC sub-channel to report the quality of the forward channel to the AN. The AN can adjust the rate and the sector for transmitting data to the AT according to DRC channel messages. In this way, the air resources can be fully utilized. The RRI sub-channel indicates the data channel the rate for transmitting data. –

ACK channel

The ACK channel helps the AT notify the AN whether the data packets from forward traffic channel are correctly received. This function helps the AT adjust its forward rate estimation to improve system performance. –

Data channel

The data channel carries reverse data. In a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system, it can transmit data at five rates: 9.6 kbit/s, 19.2 kbit/s, 38.4 kbit/s, 76.8 kbit/s, and 153.6 kbit/s.

4.5 DO Enhancement Features The DO enhancement features include the BCMCS and exclusive enhanced QoS.

4.5.1 BCMCS The BCMCS includes the following arming broadcast streams: 

Static arming broadcast stream You can configure BCMCS broadcast links on the BTS3606E. On the configuration console, you can configure a permanent virtual channel (PVC) link shared by subscribers to realize the broadcast.



Dynamic arming broadcast stream


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The BSC dynamically assigns a physical channel to subscribers to realize the broadcast. The DO enhancement features support the broadcast of intra-BTS BCMCS stream. Each broadcast stream uses a microchannel of terrestrial links.

4.5.2 Enhanced QoS The enhanced QoS features include the following: 

DO dedicated line subscribers



Inter-DO subscriber QoS



IX dedicated line subscribers

4.6 1X Rel A Features 1X Rel A supports cell broadcast short messages and forward power control.

4.6.1 Forward Power Control The forward power control modes include: 

FCH/DCCH forward fast power control



SCH forward fast power control



The combined mode of FCH/DCCH forward fast power control and SCH forward fast power control

4.6.2 Cell Broadcast Short Message The BTS3606E broadcasts short messages on the paging channel in multi-timeslot or periodic mode.

4.7 DO Rev A Features DO Rev A provides a high throughput and QoS enhanced features. DO Rev A supports real-time services such as the Voice over IP (VoIP) and the video traffic (VT).

4.8 Multi-Carrier Function The BTS3606E supports multi-carrier function. 

On the 450 MHz (421.68 MHz–425.85 MHz) sub bands, a CMTR/CMPA can provide two carriers. Thus, a cabinet equipped with multi-carrier transceiver modules can realize the configuration of S(4/4/4) or S(2/2/2/2/2/2), that is, 12 sector carriers.



On the 450 MHz (460 MHz–470 MHz) sub bands, a CMTR/CMPA can provide


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three carriers. Thus, a cabinet equipped with multi-carrier transceiver modules can realize the configuration of S(6/6/6) or S(3/3/3/3/3/3), that is, 18 sector carriers. 

On the 800MHz, 1900 MHz, and 2100 MHz bands, a CMTR/CMPA can provide six carriers. Thus, a cabinet equipped with multi-carrier transceiver modules can realize the configuration of S(12/12/12) or S(6/6/6/6/6/6), that is, 36 sector carriers.

4.9 Receiver/Transmitter Diversity The BTS3606E supports the receiver diversity and transmitter diversity.

I. Receiver Diversity This function is implemented through two sets of receiver devices. Each set of receiver device consist of the following: 

Antenna



Feeder



CDDU/IDFU



Main/diversity receiving channels

The two sets of receiving equipment demodulate the received signals at the same time. Then the baseband processing unit decodes the signals using the diversity combining algorithm to provide diversity gain. Receiver diversity enhances the anti-attenuation of the BTS receiver, and ensures reliable reception of the BTS under complicated radio environment.

II. Transmitter Diversity The BTS3606E supports Orthogonal Transmit Diversity (OTD) and Space Time Transmit Diversity (STTD). With these features, the maximum configuration of the BTS3606E can be halved, for example, from S(2,2,2) to S(1,1,1).

4.10 Trunking Calls Trunking calls supported by the CDMA digital trunking system fall into the following three types: 

Single call: A call established by two members in a call group. Any third party cannot hear the conversation between them.



Group call: A call established in a call group, in which only one member is allowed to talk at a time. Other members in the group can hear the voice and pre-empt the voice right.



Broadcast call: A call established in a call group, in which the voice of the talking member is broadcasted to all other members. But they cannot pre-empt the


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voice right.


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Chapter 5 Reliability The BTS3606E is designed with professional and comprehensive protection. The system reliability is based on the comprehensive reliability analysis of the system hardware and software. This chapter consists of the following sections: 

System Reliability



Hardware Reliability



Software Reliability

5.1 System Reliability The system reliability of the BTS3606E is ensured by: 

De-rating Design



Quality Control of Components



Thermal Design



EMC Design



Threshold for Closing CMPA



Redundancy Design



Reliability Measures for Input Power



Maintainability Design



Fault Monitoring and Handling

5.1.1 De-rating Design De-rating design aims to lower the electrical stress and temperature stress on the high-power or heat-generating components to a value smaller than the rated one. It slows components aging and prolongs the service life of components.

5.1.2 Quality Control of Components The category, specifications, and providers of the components are carefully selected based on the requirements for high reliability and maintainability. The replaceability is also considered in selecting components. All components feature high quality proved by burn-in test and strict inspection. Strict quality control is implemented during assembling process to ensure high reliability and stability in a long run.


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5.1.3 Thermal Design Thermal design focuses on the following aspects to minimize the impact of temperature changes on product performance: 

Component selection



Circuit design



Mechanical design



Heat dissipation

The thermal design ensures that the BTS3606E operates reliably in a wide range of temperatures.

5.1.4 EMC Design The EMC design ensures that the electromagnetic interference (EMI) from other equipment has no impact on BTS3606E performance, and the EMI from the BTS3606E does not affect other equipment.

5.1.5 Threshold for Closing CMPA The BTS3606E is designed with a threshold for closing the CMPA. If the temperature of the air intake vent at the baseband subrack exceeds 60 degrees Celsius, the CMPA is closed. You can set the temperature for the threshold.

5.1.6 Redundancy Design For the purpose of reliability, the system is designed with several units of the same type. The system does not fail until all units become faulty at the same time.

5.1.7 Reliability Measures for Input Power The BTS3606E provides the following measures to ensure the reliability of its input power: 

Protection against reverse connection of power supply



Testing on the input voltage, and generating alarms when the voltage is too low or too high



Protection against sharp voltage drop and lightning strikes



Protection of program and data in case of power failure

5.1.8 Maintainability Design Reasonable internal wiring of the BTS3606E enables easy board replacement. When you remove a faulty board, the only cables you need to disconnect are those connected to this board.


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The board can be removed and installed directly from the front of the cabinet. In addition, board indicators help you identify board status.

5.1.9 Fault Monitoring and Handling The BTS3606E can detect and diagnose software and hardware faults. It can record, output, and print fault information. In addition, it collects environment information and generates alarms if there is any exception. When a fault occurs in the hardware, the system first locates the fault, then isolates the faulty component and activates the standby components to ensure normal operation. The system confirms a hardware fault through repeated detection. This avoids the reconfiguration of the system or QoS decrease due to contingent faults. For software faults, the system provides automatic error-correction and recovery by restarting the system or reloading the data. The BTS3606E also notifies users of critical faults through the network management system. Therefore, users can easily operate and maintain the system through a maintenance console.

5.2 Hardware Reliability The hardware reliability of the BTS3606E is ensured by: 

Protection Against Wrong Insertion of Boards



Flexible Configuration of the SFP Interface



BCKM Active/Standby Switchover



BCIM Resistance Query



BCIM 1 + 1 Backup



N+1 Redundancy for Baseband Fans



Short Circuit Protection for Fan Power Port



CE Pool Design for CCPMs



Support for Static Resource Pools



Status Monitoring and Alarm Report The CRDM implements resource sharing among the CEMs through its switching function, and static resource pools are formed through resource sharing.



Distributed Power Supply

5.2.1 Protection Against Wrong Insertion of Boards When a board is inserted into a wrong slot, the special guide pins prevent the board from touching the backplane. This avoids possible damage to the backplane owing to wrong insertion. Commercial in Confidence

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5.2.2 Flexible Configuration of the SFP Interface The SFP interface of the board supports SFP cables and the hot-swappable optical module.

5.2.3 BCKM Active/Standby Switchover The BCKM supports the active/standby switchover. When the active BCKM is faulty, the standby BCKM is takes over the services of the active BCKM. The BCKM supports the GPS clock switchover. There are two options for the GPS antenna configuration: 

Each BCKM is configured with a set of GPS antennas.



Two BCKMs share a set of GPS antennas through a GPS divider.

5.2.4 BCIM Resistance Query The BCIM supports resistance query. For E1 ports, you can set and query the resistance.

5.2.5 BCIM 1 + 1 Backup The BCIM supports 1 + 1 backup. When the active board is faulty, the standby board is activated to ensure the stability of the control and interface of the BTS3606E.

5.2.6 N+1 Redundancy for Baseband Fans The baseband fans operate in the N+1 redundancy mode, with one standby fan equipped. When one fan fails, this standby fan starts working to ensure cooling effect.

5.2.7 Short Circuit Protection for Fan Power Port The short circuit protection is provided for the fan power port to enhance the system reliability.

5.2.8 CE Pool Design for CCPMs The CCPMs operate in CE pool mode. Daisy chains are formed between: 

CEM 0 and CEM 1



CEM 2 and CEM 3



CEM 4 and CEM 5

The daisy chains improve the use of channel resources and enable flexible channel capacity configuration for each sector carrier.


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5.2.9 Support for Static Resource Pools The CRDM implements resource sharing among the CEMs through its switching function, and static resource pools are formed through resource sharing.

5.2.10 Status Monitoring and Alarm Report The BCKM monitors the status of other boards or modules, and reports alarms when a fault occurs.

5.2.11 Distributed Power Supply The BTS3606E adopts a distributed power supply. The DC/DC power modules operate in N+1 redundancy mode. When an error occurs to a power module, an alarm is generated and sent to the BAM. You can replace the faulty module during the live operation of the system.

5.3 Software Reliability The software reliability of the BTS3606E is ensured by: 

Periodic Check on Key Resources



Process Monitoring



Data Check



Fault Isolation



Black Box Function



Self-Test



Upgrade Reversibility



Log Function

5.3.1 Periodic Check on Key Resources The BTS3606E checks the software resources that are occupied for a long time. If it finds that certain resource becomes unavailable owing to a software error, it releases the resource and outputs logs and alarms.

5.3.2 Process Monitoring Process monitoring provides a channel for outputting software and hardware faults while the software is running. This function helps monitor the running status of a task or system, and reports the status to the related devices.

5.3.3 Data Check Data check consists of the following contents: Commercial in Confidence

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

Checking the consistency of data on different processing boards, restoring the data, and outputting logs and alarms



Checking the consistency of the data entered by the user to ensure correct reference relation among data



Restoring the data to the initial state when the modification of some data fails



Conducting automatic check upon the version upgrade of the BTS3606E

5.3.4 Fault Isolation In the BTS3606E, if a fault occurs to a software module, other software modules will not be affected. The BTS3606E software also features powerful fault tolerance and correction. A minor operation exception does not cause the system to restart.

5.3.5 Black Box Function If a fatal error occurs to a board of the BTS3606E, the system prompts to replace the board and records the associated information on the Flash memory of the board.

5.3.6 Self-Test You can perform self-test on the BTS3606E system, its boards and backplanes to locate problems efficiently and accurately.

5.3.7 Upgrade Reversibility The BTS3606E allows you to restore the programs and data of the version before upgrade.

5.3.8 Log Function The O&M software can automatically record users' operations and save them into a log file. When an unknown error occurs to the system, you can refer to the log files to find out the normal status for the purpose of fault location or data restoration. Log files also save the information prior to the occurrence of board failures, which helps locate problems efficiently.


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Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance Operation and maintenance is the basis for you to manage and maintain the equipment. Flexible operation and maintenance can lower the operation and maintenance cost of the equipment. This chapter describes the structure and functions of the BTS3606E operation and maintenance system. After reading this chapter, you can know the basic structure and functions of the operation and maintenance system of the BTS3606E. This chapter consists of the following sections: 

O&M Structure



O&M Functions

6.1 O&M Structure This section introduces the structures of the local O&M system and M2000 system.

6.1.1 Structure of Local O&M System 6.1.1 shows the structure of the local O&M system used for the BSS/AN.

IPoA: IP over ATM BTS: Base transceiver station

IPoE: IP over Ethernet BSC: Base station controller

Figure 1.8 Local O&M system of the BSS/AN

I. Far-End Maintenance To realize the far-end maintenance on BTS, a local maintenance terminal (LMT) is connected to the BSC BAM. The local O&M system of the BSS is designed in client/server (C/S) structure, where Commercial in Confidence

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the LMT is a client and the BAM is a server. The far-end maintenance process is as follows: 1)

The user enters commands through the LMT.

2)

The BAM processes commands from the LMT.

3)

The BAM sends these commands to the host (BSC or BTS) and waits for responses.

4)

The BAM records the operation results (such as success, failure, timeout, or abnormality) and sends the results to the LMT in a specified format. In this way, users can manage the BTSs under the control of the BSC and carry out network planning in a centralized way.

II. Near-End Maintenance To realize the near-end maintenance, the LMT is directly connected to the BTS through a network cable. Users can log in to the BTS through Telnet client and execute MML commands to maintain the BTS. Users can also employ the reverse maintenance function to log in to the BSC BAM from the BTS to realize the maintenance over the whole BSS.

6.1.2 Structure of M2000 System The M2000 system provides centralized maintenance functions for mobile communications equipment. Various network elements (such as BSC, MSC, and HLR) connect to the M2000 system through local area networks (LANs) or wide area networks (WANs). The BSC connects to the M2000 system through the BAM.


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6.1.2 shows the typical networking of the M2000 system.

Figure 1.9 Networking of the M2000 system The M2000 system can implement the following functions: 

System configuration management: enables you to perform system configuration on the NEs such as BSC and BTS through GUIs, for example, system setting, system maintenance, and capacity expansion.



Performance management: enables you to record the traffic measurement tasks of NEs on the client and to view the execution results of the tasks recorded on the whole network.



Fault management: enables you to obtain required alarm data of the NEs from the alarm client by setting combined conditions, to views query results, and to perform associated management operations.

6.2 O&M Functions The operation and maintenance functions of the BTS are as follows: 

Data Configuration Management



Interface Tracing



Performance Management



Alarm Management



Log Management

6.2.1 Data Configuration Management The data configuration management of the BTS is implemented by the LMT. It has the Commercial in Confidence

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following features: 

Easy-to-use MML interface with predictive text input function



Strict user authority defining the operation scope of each level



Reasonable task assignment for the purpose of flexible operations



Local maintenance or remote centralized maintenance



Online data modification and loading without affecting services

6.2.2 Interface Tracing The interface tracing function of the BTS is implemented by the LMT. You can use the maintenance navigation tree of the LMT to trace and review messages. You can create interface or signaling tracing tasks to monitor the connection procedure, service procedure and resource usage in real time. The traced messages can be reviewed online or offline. Subscriber and signaling tracing helps you locate faults conveniently.

6.2.3 Performance Management The performance management of the BTS is implemented by the M2000. The BTS generates the performance measurement files, and provides the FTP service. The M2000 is used as the FTP client to receive the performance measurement file for performance management. The M2000 provides a convenient and comprehensive operation environment. This enables you to carry out performance management for the entire network as needed. With the performance management provided by the M2000, you can create, modify, query a performance measurement task and manage the measurement results. The information collected from performance measurement is a very important reference for performance assessment and network optimization.

6.2.4 Alarm Management The alarm management of the BTS is implemented by the LMT and the centralized alarm management system of the M2000. The BTS sends the alarm information to the LMT or the M2000, and saves the alarm information in alarm files. The BTS collects the alarm information and divides the information by type and severity. After this processing, the BTS sends the alarm information to the LMT or the M2000. The LMT or M2000 displays the alarm information in GUI, providing the location, cause, and troubleshooting suggestions.

6.2.5 Log Management The log management of the BTS is implemented by the LMT or the SMT. The BTS


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system collects and stores equipment operation, service operation, and service communication logs. From the logs, you can know the current or history running states of the system, operation information, and alarm information. This helps avoid system failures.


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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications This chapter describes the major technical features of the BTS3606E. This chapter consists of the following sections: 

System Performance



Physical and Electrical Specifications



Reliability Specifications



Compliant Safety Standards



EMC Standards



Environmental Requirements

7.1 System Performance The specifications related to system performance of the BTS3606E include: 

Transmitter and Receiver Specifications



Cascading Specifications



Transmission Link BER Threshold Specifications

7.1.1 Transmitter and Receiver Specifications This section provides the specifications of the BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on different bands.

 Note: 

The transmit power is the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet.



The multi-carrier transmit power is the total power instead of the power of an individual channel.



The signal receiver sensitivity is the main and diversity receive sensitivity at the RC3.


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I. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 0 I and I list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on the band class 0. Table 9.1 Specifications of BTS3606E transmitters operating on band class 0 Item

Specifications

Operating band

869 MHz to 894 MHz

Channel bandwidth

1.23 MHz

Channel precision

30 kHz

Frequency tolerance

≤ 0.05 ppm

Transmit power

100 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet when the BTS works in the six-carrier mode and in an altitude lower than 3500 m)

Table 9.2 Specifications of BTS3606E receivers operating on band class 0 Item

Specifications

Operating band

824 MHz to 849 MHz

Channel bandwidth

1.23 MHz

Channel precision

30 kHz

Signal receiver sensitivity

Better than –128 dBm (RC3, main and diversity receiving)

II. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 1 II and II list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on the band class 1. Table 9.3 Specifications of BTS3606E transmitters operating on band class 1 Item

Specifications

Operating band

1930 MHz to 1990 MHz

Channel bandwidth

1.23 MHz

Channel precision

50 kHz

Frequency tolerance

≤ 0.05 ppm

Transmit power

60 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet when the BTS works in the six-carrier mode and in an altitude lower than 3500 m)


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Specifications

Operating band


Channel bandwidth

1.23 MHz

Channel precision

50 kHz



III. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 5 III and III list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on the band class 5. Table 9.5 Specifications of BTS3606E transmitters operating on band class 5 Item

Specifications

Operating band

421.68MHz to 425.85MHz, 460 MHz to 470 MHz

Channel bandwidth

1.23 MHz

Channel precision

25 kHz, 20 kHz

Frequency tolerance

≤ 0.05 ppm

Transmit power



460 MHz to 470 MHz:

60 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet when the BTS works in the three-carrier mode and in an altitude lower than 3500 m) 

421.68MHz to 425.85MHz:

40 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet when the BTS works in the two-carrier mode and in an altitude lower than 3500 m)


Specifications

Operating band

411.68 MHz to 415.85 MHz, 450 MHz to 460 MHz

Channel bandwidth

1.23 MHz

Channel precision

25 kHz, 20 kHz




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IV. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 6 IV and IV list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on the band class 6 (2100 MHz band). Table 9.7 Specifications of BTS3606E transmitters operating on band class 6 Item

Specifications

Operating band


Channel bandwidth

1.2288 MHz

Channel precision

25 kHz

Frequency tolerance

≤ ±0.05 ppm

Transmit power

60 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet when the BTS works in the six-carrier mode)


Specifications

Operating band


Channel bandwidth

1.2288 MHz

Channel precision

25 kHz



7.1.2 Cascading Specifications 7.1.2 lists the specifications of the BTS3606E with respect to ODUs cascading in CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO networks. Table 9.9 Specifications of BTS3606E with respect to ODUs cascading Item ODU3601C

Maximum distance of single cascading

Maximum number cascading levels


Specifications

of

Depending on the type of the optical module, the maximum distance of single cascading may be either of the following values: 

10 km [6.21 mi]



70 km [43.50 mi]

3

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Item

ODU3601CE

Specifications

Maximum total distance after cascading

90 km [55.93 mi]

Maximum distance of single cascading

Depending on the type of the optical module, the maximum distance of single cascading may be one of the following values:

Maximum number cascading levels

of

Maximum total distance after cascading



10 km [6.21 mi]



40 km [24.86 mi]



70 km [43.50 mi]

3 90 km [55.93 mi]

7.1.3 Transmission Link BER Threshold Specifications The bit error rates (BERs) of transmission links has the same impact on the UNI and IMA. 7.1.3 lists the BER threshold specifications of transmission links. Table 9.10 BER threshold specifications of transmission links Type

Max. BER threshold

1X voice service

2  10e-4

Packet service

2  10e-6

Maintenance function

5  10e-5

7.2 Physical and Electrical Specifications 7.2 lists the physical and electrical specifications of the BTS3606E. Table 9.11 Physical and electrical specifications of the BTS3606E Item

Specifications

Cabinet dimensions (height width  depth)

1,600 mm [62.99 in.] x 600 mm [23.62 in.] x 650 mm [25.59 in.]

Cabinet weight

Empty cabinet: ≤ 155 kg [341.78 lb] Fully-configured cabinet (without the mount set): ≤ 280 kg [617.40 lb]


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Item

Specifications

Power supply

–48 V (–40 V DC to –60 V DC) +24 V (+23 V DC to +29 V DC)

Power consumption typical configuration

(in

–48 V DC power supply: ≤ 3590 W +24 V DC power supply: ≤ 3160 W

Ambient temperature

–5°C to +50°C [23°F to 122°F]

Relative humidity

5% to 95%

Equipment noise

≤ 65 dBA (varies with the ambient temperature)

room

7.3 Reliability Specifications 7.3 lists the reliability specifications of the BTS3606E. Table 9.12 Reliability specifications of the BTS3606E Item

Specification

Availability

≥ 99.999%

MTBF (Mean time between system failures)

≥ 100000 h

MTTR (Mean time to repair)

≤1h

7.4 Compliant Safety Standards The BTS3606E complies with the following safety standards: 

GB4943–2000: Safety of information technology equipment.



IEC60950 Safety of information technology equipment including Electrical Business Equipment.



IEC60215 Safety requirement for radio transmitting equipment.



CAN/CSA–C22.2 No 1-M94 Audio, Video and Similar Electronic Equipment.



CAN/CSA–C22.2 No 950-95 Safety of Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment.



UL 1419 Standard for Professional Video and Audio Equipment



73/23/EEC Low Voltage Directive.



UL 1950 Safety of information technology equipment including Electrical Business Equipment.



IEC60529 Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP


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Code). 

GOST 30631–99. General Requirements to machines, instruments and other industrial articles on stability to external mechanical impacts while operating.



GOST R 50829–95. Safety of radio stations, radio electronic equipment using transceivers and their components. The general requirements and test methods.



GOST

12.2.007.0–75.

Electrotechnical

devices.

The

general

safety

requirements.

7.5 EMC Standards The BTS3606E complies with the following EMC standards: 

89/336/EEC EMC directive Council directive of 3 May 1989 on approximation of laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility;



CISPR 22 (1997): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment";



IEC 61000-6-1: 1997; "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

Part 6: Generic

standards ∗ Section 1: Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments"; 

IEC 61000-6-3: 1996; "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

Part 6: Generic

standards ∗ Section 3: mission standard for residential, commercial and light industrial environments"; 

IEC 61000-4-2 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques ∗ Section 2: Electrostatic discharge immunity test";



IEC 61000-4-3 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques ∗ Section 3: Radiated,

radio-frequency

electromagnetic field immunity test"; 

IEC 61000-4-4 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques ∗ Section 4: Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test";



IEC 61000-4-5 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques ∗ Section 5: Surge immunity test";



IEC 61000-4-6 (1996): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques ∗ Section 6: Immunity to contacted disturbances, induced by radio frequency fields";



ITU-T Recommendation K.20, Resistibility of Telecommunication Switching Equipment to Overvoltages and Overcurrents;



CFR 47, FCC Part 15-Radio Frequency Device;



TS 25.113v3.1.0, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Networks; Base station EMC;



ITU-R Rec. SM.329-7: "Spurious emissions";



GOST R 51318.22-99: Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment. Man-made noise from informational equipment. Limits and test methods;


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

GOST 30429-96. "Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment. Manmade noise from equipment and apparatus used together with service receiver systems of civil application. Limits and Test methods.

7.6 Environmental Requirements Environmental requirements for the BTS3606E include the requirements for the storage, transportation, and operation of the equipment. The environmental requirements for the BTS3606E must comply with the following standards: 

GB4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code).



GB4798 Environmental conditions for electrician and electronic products application.



IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code).



IEC 60721-3-1: Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities-Section 1: Storage.



IEC 60721-3-2: Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities-Section 2: Transportation.



IEC 60721–3–3 (1994): Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities Section 3: Stationary use at weather protected locations.



IEC 60721–3–4 (1995): Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities Section 4: Stationary use at non-weather protected locations.



ETS 300 019-2-1: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 2-1, Specification of environmental tests Storage.



ETS 300 019-2-2: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 2-2, Specification of environmental tests Transportation.



ETS 300 019-2-3: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 2-3, Specification of environmental tests

Transportation

Stationary

use

at

weather-protected

locations. 

ETS 300 019-2-3: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 2-3, Specification of environmental tests Transportation Stationary use at non-weather-protected locations.



IEC 60068–2–1 (1990): Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests A: Cold.



IEC 60068–2–2 (1974): Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests B: Dry heat.


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

IEC 60068–2–6 (1995): Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal).



GOST

15150–69:

Machines,

instruments

and

other

industrial

articles.

Applications for different climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage and transportation conditions in compliance with the environmental factors. 

GOST 23088–80: Electronic equipment. Requirements to packing and transportation and test methods.

7.6.1 Storage Environment This section describes the climatic, waterproof, biological, air purity, and mechanical stress requirements for equipment storage.

I. Climatic Requirements I lists the climatic requirements for equipment storage. Table 9.13 Climatic requirements for equipment storage Item

Range

Temperature

. . –40 C to +70 C

Temperature change rate

. ≤ 1 C/min

Relative humidity

5%–100%

Altitude

≤ 5000 m

Air pressure

70 kPa–106 kPa

Solar radiation

≤ 1120 W/m²

Heat radiation

≤ 600 W/m²

Wind speed

≤ 30 m/s

II. Waterproof Requirements The equipment is usually stored in a room where: No water accumulates on the ground or drops onto the package. The equipment is kept away from water sources such as hydrant and air-conditioner. If the equipment is placed outdoor, make sure that: 

The package is intact.



Waterproof measures are applied to prevent water penetration.



No water accumulates on the ground or drops onto the package.



The package is not exposed directly to the sunlight.


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III. Biological Requirements Ensure that the place for equipment storage is free of: 

Fungus or mildew



Rodents such as rats

IV. Air Purity Requirements The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive or corrosive dust. The density of physically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in IV. Table 9.14 Requirements for physically active materials in storage environment Physically active material

Unit

Density

Suspended dust

mg/m³

≤ 5.00

Falling dust

mg/m²·h

≤ 20.0

Sand

mg/m³

≤ 300

Note: 

Suspended dust: Diameter ≤ 75μm



Falling dust: 75μm≤ Diameter ≤150μm



Sand: 150μm≤ Diameter ≤1000μm

The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in IV. Table 9.15 Requirements for chemically active materials in storage environment Chemically active material

Unit

Density

SO2

mg/m³

≤ 0.30

H2S

mg/m³

≤ 0.10

NO2

mg/m³

≤ 0.50

NH3

mg/m³

≤ 1.00

Cl2

mg/m³

≤ 0.10

HCl

mg/m³

≤ 0.10

HF

mg/m³

≤ 0.01

O3

mg/m³

≤ 0.05


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V. Mechanical Stress Requirements V lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during storage. Table 9.16 Mechanical stress-related requirements for storage Item Sinusoidal vibration

Sub-item

Range

Offset

≤ 3.5 mm

-

Accelerated speed

-

≤ 10.0 m/s²

Frequency range

2 Hz–9 Hz

9 Hz–200 Hz

7.6.2 Transportation Environment This section describes the climatic, waterproof, biological, air purity, and mechanical stress requirements for equipment transportation.

I. Climatic Requirements I lists the climatic requirements for equipment transportation. Table 9.17 Climatic requirements for equipment transportation Item

Range

Temperature

. . –40 C to +70 C


. ≤ 3 C /min

Relative humidity

5%–95%

Altitude

≤ 5000 m

Air pressure

70 kPa–106 kPa

Solar radiation

≤ 1120W/m²

Heat radiation

≤ 600W/m²

Wind speed

≤ 30m/s

Precipitation

≤ 6mm/min

II. Waterproof Requirements Before transporting the equipment, make sure that: 

The package is intact.



Waterproof measures are applied to prevent water penetration.



No water accumulates in the vehicle.


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III. Biological Requirements Ensure that the vehicle is free of: 

Fungus or mildew




IV. Air Purity Requirements The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive, or corrosive dust. The density of physically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in IV. Table 9.18 Requirements for physically active materials in transportation environment Physically active material

Unit

Density

Suspended dust

mg/m³

No requirement

Falling dust

mg/m²·h

≤ 3.0

Sand

mg/m³

≤ 100

Note: 

Suspended dust: Diameter ≤ 75μm



Falling dust: 75μm ≤ Diameter ≤ 150μm



Sand: 150μm ≤ Diameter ≤ 1000μm

The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in IV. Table 9.19 Requirements for chemically active materials in transportation environment Chemically active material

Unit

Density

SO2

mg/m³

≤ 0.30

H2S

mg/m³

≤ 0.10

NO2

mg/m³

≤ 0.50

NH3

mg/m³

≤ 1.00

Cl2

mg/m³

≤ 0.10

HCl

mg/m³

≤ 0.10

HF

mg/m³

≤ 0.01

O3

mg/m³

≤ 0.05


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V. Mechanical Stress Requirements V lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during transportation. Table 9.20 Requirements for mechanical stress in transportation environment Item Sinusoidal vibration

Random vibration

Unsteady impact

Sub-item

Range

Offset

≤ 7.5mm

-

-

Accelerated speed

-

≤ 20.0 m/s²

≤ 40.0 m/s²

Frequency range

2 Hz–9 Hz

9 Hz–200 Hz

200 Hz

Spectrum density of accelerated speed

30 m²/s³

3 m²/s³

1 m²/s³

Frequency range

2 Hz–10 Hz

10 Hz–20 Hz

200 Hz–2000 Hz

Impact response spectrum II

≤ 300 m/s²

Static payload

≤ 10 kPa

Hz–500

Note: Impact response spectrum: The maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms. Static payload: The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the top in normal pile-up method.

7.6.3 Operation Environment This section describes the climatic, waterproof, biological, air purity, and mechanical stress requirements for equipment operation.


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I. Climatic Requirements I and I list the climatic requirements for equipment operation. Table 9.21 Requirements for temperature and humidity in operation environment Temperature Normal

Safe

. . –5 C to +50 C

. . –10 C to +55 C

Relative humidity 5%–95%

Note: The values are measured 1.5 m above the floor and 0.4 m in front of the equipment, without protective panels in front of or behind the cabinet. Safe operation refers to continuous operation for no more than 48 hours or accumulated operation of no more than 15 days in a year.

Table 9.22 Requirements for other climatic factors in operation environment Item

Range

Altitude

≤ 4000 m

Air pressure

70 kPa–106 kPa


. ≤ 3 C /min

Solar radiation

≤ 700 W/m²

Heat radiation

≤ 600 W/m²

Wind speed

≤ 1 m/s

II. Biological Requirements Ensure that the place for equipment storage is free of: 

Fungus or mildew




III. Air Purity Requirements The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive, or corrosive dust.


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The density of physically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in III. Table 9.23 Requirements for physically active materials in operation environment Physically active material Dust particles

Unit

Density

Particles/m³

≤ 3 x 104 (Visible

dust

should

not

accumulate on the desktop within three days) Note: Dust particles: Diameter ≥ 5 µ m

The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in III. Table 9.24 Requirements for chemically active materials in operation environment Chemically active material

Unit

Density

SO2

mg/m³

≤ 0.20

H2S

mg/m³

≤ 0.006

NH3

mg/m³

≤ 0.05

Cl2

mg/m³

≤ 0.01

IV. Mechanical Stress Requirements IV lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during operation. Table 9.25 Requirements for mechanical stress in operation environment Item Sinusoidal vibration

Unsteady impact


Sub-item

Range

Offset

≤ 3.5 mm

-

Accelerated speed

-

≤ 10.0 m/s²

Frequency range

2 Hz–9 Hz

9 Hz–200 Hz

Impact response spectrum II

≤ 100 m/s²

Static payload

0

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Item

Sub-item

Range

Note: Impact response spectrum: The maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms. Static payload: The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the top in normal pile-up method.


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Chapter 8 Installation This chapter briefly describes the installation, upgrade and expansion of the BTS3606E. This chapter consists of the following sections: 

System Installation



System Expansion and Upgrade

8.1 System Installation The BTS3606E system is assembled in the factory. Before delivery, all cable connections inside the cabinet are completed and the system is pre-commissioned based on the site conditions. On site, engineers only need to install cabinets, boards or modules, and external cables according to the instructions in the hardware installation manual. Boards and modules of the BTS3606E can be inserted and removed easily from the front side. Ports for external cables, such as power cables, transmission cables, and signal cables, are on the top of the cabinet with remarkable silk-screen marks. Before delivery, the BTS3606E is installed with necessary software and configured with typical scripts. After the hardware is installed and tested, the system is ready to operate upon power-on. All these efforts save installation time on site, enabling operators to build networks and to deliver services relatively quickly.

8.2 System Expansion and Upgrade The BTS3606E allows you to expand system capacity by inserting new channel processing boards and/or RF modules in the existing cabinet without adding additional cabinets. The BTS3606E offers a powerful software upgrade tool. This tool collects upgrade information and gives related upgrade messages automatically.


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9.1.3 Product Description for BTS 3606E

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