7 Philosophies of Education

7 Philosophies of Education Essentialism

Progressivism

Perennialism

Proponents

Purpose of the Curriculum

Subjects to be Taught

William Bagley

The purpose of this philosophy is to help the learners acquire basic skill set, intelligence and morals for them to become model citizens.

     

Reading & Writing Math Natural Sciences History Foreign Languages Literature

John Dewey

This aims to develop the learners to become enlightened and intelligent citizens of a democratic society. They encourage the learners to live fully NOW instead of preparing for adult life.



Skills in Gathering and Evaluating Information Problem Solving Skills Natural and Social Sciences

This aims to develop the learners’ rational and moral powers and to let them use their reasoning skills and higher faculties according to their passions and appetites.

  

Robert Hutchins and Mortimer Adler

 

   

Humanities General Education Principles of Natural Science Philosophy Language History Conceptual Thinking

Teaching Strategies and Approaches Teachers on this school focuses on the mastery of subject matter and basic skills through the use of prescribed textbooks, drill method and the lecture method. Teachers use experimental methods in teaching that encourage the learners to gain knowledge from actual experience. Teachers in this school of educational philosophy also use the “hands-on-minds-on-heartson” teaching methodology to let the students interact with nature and society. The teaching is centered on the teacher. They utilise the Socratic method of teaching and mutual inquiry sessions.

The 7 Philosophies of Education

7 Philosophies of Education Essentialism

Progressivism

Perennialism

Proponents

Purpose of the Curriculum

Subjects to be Taught

William Bagley

The main purpose of this philosophy is to help the learners acquire basic skill set, intelligence and morals for them to become model citizens.

     

Reading & Writing Math Natural Sciences History Foreign Languages Literature

John Dewey

This philosophical school of education aims to develop the learners to become enlightened and intelligent citizens of a democratic society. They encourage the learners to live fully NOW instead of preparing for adult life.



Skills in Gathering and Evaluating Information Problem Solving Skills Natural and Social Sciences

The curriculum for this philosophical school of education aims to develop the learners’ rational and moral powers and to let them use their

  

Robert Hutchins and Mortimer Adler

 



Humanities General Education Principles of Natural Science Philosophy

Teaching Strategies and Approaches Teachers who follow the essentialist way of teaching focuses mainly on the mastery of subject matter and basic skills through the use of prescribed textbooks, drill method and the lecture method. Teachers following this philosophy of teaching use experimental methods in teaching that encourage the learners to gain knowledge from actual experience. Teachers in this school of educational philosophy also use the “hands-on-minds-on-heartson” teaching methodology to let the students interact with nature and society. The perennialist way of teaching is centered on the teacher. They utilise the Socratic method of teaching and mutual inquiry sessions.

reasoning skills and higher faculties according to their passions and appetites.

  

Language History Conceptual Thinking



Existentialism

Jean Paul Sartre

Behaviourism

Ivan Pavlov, Edward Thorndike, John Watson and Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Linguistic Philosophy

Jurgen Habermas and Hans Georg Gadamer

Constructivism

Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky

This school of philosophy deals with the development of the learner as a whole person and not just the development of the mind. They do this by helping the students understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility for their thoughts, feelings and actions The main purpose of the behaviourist curriculum is to develop a favourable learning environment for the learners to develop desirable behaviour in the society. Linguistic educational philosophy works toward the development of the learners’ communication skills from them to be able to express themselves and their ideas. This philosophy of education aims to develop learners to become independent and inherently motivated so that they can construct new ideas with the help of proper learning

       

Humanities Vocational Education History Fine Arts Drama Creative Expression Literature Philosophy

 Psychology of Human Behaviour  Stimuli-Response Relationship

 Verbal Communication  Nonverbal Communication  Paraverbal Communication  Foreign Language  Knowledge Evaluation and Synthesis  Learning Process and Skills  Research and Experimentation

The teaching-learning process in an existentialist classroom is self-paced and self-directed. It encourages an open and honest individual relationship between the learner and the teacher. The teachers use the values clarification strategy.

Teachers under this school of philosophy use behaviourist method of teaching in which the teacher control physical variables to get the desired responses from the learners. The experimental method is the most popular teaching strategy used by the teachers under this philosophy since it is the most effective way of teaching language and communication. A constructivist teacher provides the learners adequate data and information and encourage them to interact with this data to form their own hypothesis, predict the

skills.

Prepared By: Lea Jane I. Razona 3rd year BSEd

outcome, investigate, and invent new ideas and to research for further information.