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180418 DUTTON Opinion Walker Mack (1)
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180418 DUTTON Opinion Walker Mack (1)
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216 [9A $4+ ##[ '.* F$)#&( ^03,' .$, 14* '03,'** $4+ is an entity known as “RHT -=>216 %9:<5 [ Investments P/L”. < @N ^.* Q$)*$ ;2*43* Q.#&+-$0* Q*4'0* Z J=>/12= J=>/12= J?21IC=9/ [ V$, 0*8#,'*0*+ $, $ %3,#4*,, 4$)* 14 Y L*-*)%*0 <=9YN @ The holder of this business name is “The Trustee for RHT Family Trust”.Y ^.* L*/$0')*4' 16 B+3-$'#14 $4+ ^0$#4#48 Z +(% [ )$T*, /$()*4', '1 *4'#'#*, 610 -.#&+ -$0* %*4*6#' Z JJ [ $4+ -.#&+ -$0* 0*%$'* Z JJ JJ D/;/825 [ JJ )/4=5/ [NR ^.* $880*8$'* $)134' 16 )14*( /$#+ %( LB^ 610 QQ ?*4*6#' $4+ '.* QQ W*%$'* #4 0*&$'#14 '1 Q$)*$ Q.#&+-$0* 610 FK9Y9RA FK9R9I $4+ FK9I9U V$, 12*0 _9N: )#&A V#'. 14&(
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Interests Declaration declares an interest u nder the heading “Name of Trust” in the “RHT Family Trust”. Trus t”. We .$2* $,,3)*+ 610 '.* /30/1,*, 16 '.#, S*)10$4+3) '.$' '.#, '03,' #, '.* ,$)* '03,' $, '.* '03,' V.#-. WH^ ]42*,')*4', 5'( "'+ #, ,'*+ $, %*#48 '.* '03,'** 16 610 '.* /30/1,*, 16 '.* 0*8#,'*0 )$#4'$#4*+ %( '.* D$'#14$& Q.#&+-$0* W*83&$'10A ,** 64 9RN < Mr Dutton has declared that the name of the trust he is a beneficiary of is the “RHT Family Trust (RHT ]42*,')*4', 5`" ATF)”, 5`" ATF)”, see item 2 of the Interests Declaration. The reference to “ATF” is taken t o be an acronym for “As Trustee For”. The reference to “RHT Investments P/L” is taken to be a reference to RHT Investments Za&+[ 5'( "'+ ;QD =J< <:Y
``-144*-'14*N$,#-N812N$3`W*8#,'0(7*$0-.` 610 Q$)*$ ;2*43* Q.#&+-$0* Q*4'0* ;?D :: R@I RIU 9RJ $--*,,*+ $--*,,*+ 14 99 ;/0#& <=9:N Y See the Australian Government Business Register “ABN Lookup” available at .''/,>``$%0N%3,#4*,,N812N$3 610 ;?D :: R@I RIU 9RJ $--*,,*+ $--*,,*+ 14 9I ;/0#& <=9:N R ^.* QQ ?*4*6#' $4+ '.* QQ W*%$'* V#&& ,114 %* 0*/&$-*+ %( $ ,#48&* )*$4, '*,'*+ /$()*4' T41V4 $, Q.#&+ Q$0* 73%,#+( 3/14 '.* -1))*4-*)*4' 16 '.* 0*&*2$4' /012#,#14, 16 '.* !"#$%& ())$)*"+,- .-/$)%"*$0+ (#-+1#-+* 2304) 506 !"#$%$-) 78$%1 7"6- 9",:"/-; (,* <=>? ZQ'.[N
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$N '.* 634+, 0*-*#2*+ #4 0*&$'#14 '1 Q$)*$ Q.#&+-$0* $0* 0*-*#2*+ %( '.* '03,'** 16 '.* F$)#&( ^03,' Z .=95 .=95 D [c %N the DET is relevantly “the Public Service of the Commonwealth” ( .=95 .=95 J [c -N '.* $00$48*)*4' /30,3$4' '1 V.#-. )14*( V$, 0*-*#2*+ #4 0*&$'#14 '1 '.* Q$)*$ Childcare is an “"/6--#-+* @$*8 the Public Service of the Commonwealth” ( .=95 + [c $4+ +N S0 L3''14 .$, $ /*-34#$0( #4'*0*,' #4 '.* 0*&*2$4' ,*4,* #4 $4( ,3-. $80**)*4' Z .=95 .=95 ( [N RN ^.* 0*,1&3'#14 16 '.*,* #,,3*,A 610 '.* 0*$,14, '.$' 61&&1VA &*$+, 3, '1 '.* -14-&3,#14 '.$' '.$' #' #, -&*$0&( $083$%&* '.$' S0 L3''14 #, 41' *#%&* '1 ,1 ,#' #4 '.* YR '. 5$0$)*4' $4+ /1'*4'#$&&( 41' *#%&* '1 .$2* %**4 -.1,*4 610 '.* YR '. 5$0$)*4'N E* $0* 16 '.* 2#*V '.$' '.#, #, '.* /0*6*0$%&* $083)*4'N D
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IN Q$)*$ Q.#&+-$0* #, ,#'3$'*+ #4 B2*0'14 H#&&,A a3**4,&$4+ $4+ #, +*,-0#%*+ 14 #', V*%,#'* as a “6$)#&( “6$)#&( 1V4*+ $4+ 1/*0$'*+ -*4'0* 166*0#48 6$)#*, -.#&+ -$0* ,*02#-*, 610 -.#&+0*4 $8*+ I V**T, '1 I (*$0,N : ^.* &*8$& 0*8#)* 812*04#48 '.* /012#,#14 16 -.#&+ -$0* ,*02#-*, #, 812*04*+ %(A #4'*0 $$A #[ $4 $//*+ &$V ,-.*)* -1))14&( 0*6*00*+ '1 $, '.* E1F,"*$0+ "+1 7"6- D-6G$,-) H"*$0+"% ."@ whose “host jurisdiction” is Victoria J $4+ V.1,* /012#,#14,
$//&( $, $ &$V 16 a3**4,&$4+ 9= as a “participating jurisdiction” (hereafter '.* $=527;=1 [A ##[ ( H-@ I"J D&)*-# 2!"#$%& ())$)*"+,-; (,* 9JJJ ZQ'.[ Z'.* *<<2<5=;C/ *C5 [ [ V.#-. F=G relevantly governs when an individual is “eligible” for Commonwealth Government 6$)#&( $,,#,'$4-*A $4+ ###[ ( H-@ I"J D&)*-# 2!"#$%& ())$)*"+,-; 2(1#$+$)*6"*$0+; (,* 9JJJ ZQ'.[ Z'.* *I>2;2<59=527; *C5 ) which relevantly releva ntly governs when an individual is “entitled to be paid” Commonwealth Government family assistance. It will be necessary at times
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'1 0*6*0 '1 '.* ;,,#,'$4-* ;-' $4+ '.* ;+)#4#,'0$'#14 ;-' ,*/$0$'*&( .1V*2*0 V.*4 #' #, 41' 4*-*,,$0( '1 +1 ,1 '.*( V#&& %* 0*6*00*+ '1 $, '.* F$)#&( ;,,#,'$4-* "$VN UN ^.* %1+( V.#-. 12*0,**, '.* '.* D$'#14$& "$V is "$V is the Australian Children’s Education & Care a3$'( ;3'.10#'( Z $=527;=1 $=527;=1 J?21IC=9/ )/3:1=579 [N ^.* 0*&*2$4' &1-$& 0*83&$'10( %1+( #4 a3**4,&$4+ #, '.* W*83&$'#14A ;,,*,,)*4' $4+ 7*02#-* a3$'(A B$0&( Q.#&+.11+ $4+ Q1))34#'( B48$8*)*4'A L*/$0')*4' 16 B+3-$'#14 $4+ ^0$#4#48 Z'.* K://;<1=;I J?21IC=9/ )/3:1=579 [N
^.* D$'#14$& Q.#&+-$0* W*83&$'10 )$#4'$#4, $ 0*8#,'*0 16
“approved providers” 99 $4+ $ 0*8#ster 0*8# ster of “education and care services”. 9< ]4 10+*0 '1 become an approved provider a person must make an application containing “prescribed information”. 9@ ]4 0*&$'#14 '1 $4 $//012*+ /012#+*0A '.* /0*,-0#%*+ #4610)$'#14 V.#-. $ 414eindividual 414eindividual must provide in an application includes, the “applicant’s name and any trading or other name used by the applicant” and “documentary evidence of the legal ,'$'3, 16 '.* applicant and its constitution”. 9Y ]4 0*&$'#14 0*&$'#14 '1 -*4'0*e%$,*+ ,*02#-*,A '.* '.* prescribed information which an applicant must provide is the “applicant’s full name”, “provider approval number”, number”, “the name of the proposed education and care service” and 2$0#13, 1'.*0 #4610)$'#14 #4610)$'#14 0*&$'#48 '1 '(/* 16 -$0* $4+ /01/1,*+ 43)%*0 43)%*0 16 -.#&+0*4 '1 %* -$0*+ 610N 9R :N ^.* 0*8#,'*0 )$#4'$#4*+ )$#4'$#4*+ %( '.* D$'#14$& D$'#14$& Q.#&+-$0* W*83&$'10 ,'$'*, '.$' '.$' Q$)*$ Q.#&+-$0* 1/*0$'*, 601) 9e@ Q$)*$ ;2*A B2*0'14 H#&&, a&+ Y=R@ $4+ #, $//012*+ 610 J9 /&$-*, 16 the service type “centree “centre ebased care”. 9I The provider name for this service is “RHT Investments (Qld) Pty Ltd as Trustee for RHT Family Trust”. 9U ^.* -14+#'#14, 14 approval of the “service” are stated as follows: “this service is approved to /012#+* *+3-$'#14 $4+ -$0* '1 -.#&+0*4 601) %#0'. '1 12*0 /0*,-.11& $8*A 41' #4-&3+#48 ,-.11&
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``VVVN$-*-X$N812N$3`0*,130-*,`4$'#14$&e0*8#,'*0,`,*02#-*,A .''/,>``VVVN$-*-X$N812N $3`0*,130-*,`4$'#14$&e0*8#,'*0,`,*02#-*,A $--*,,*+ 14 99 ;/0#& <=9:N E* .$2* $,,3)*+ '.$' '.* WH^ ]42*,')*4', Za&+[ 5'( "'+ #, '.* ,$)* *4'#'( +*41'*+ #4 64 < $%12* 4$)*&( $4 *4'#'( V#'. '.* ;QD =J< <:Y
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children”. 9: Thus, it is important important to maintain a distinction between the “service” and the legal entity which “provides the service”. For the purposes of the Natio 4$& "$V #' #, useful to conceive of Camelia Childcare as a service, being a “centre e%$,*+ *+3-$'#14 $4+ care” service for the education and care of not more than 91 children who are not school -.#&+0*4N F30'.*0A 610 '.* /30/1,*, 16 '.* D$'#14$& "$VA '.* &*8$& *4'#'( V.#-. /012#+*, this service is “RHT Investments (Qld) Pty Ltd as Trustee for RHT Family Trust” which V$, $//012*+ '1 /012#+* '.* '.* ,*02#-*, 14 9 L*-*)%*0 L*-*)%*0 <=9YN JN ; +#,'#4-' /012#+*0 V#'. $ ,*/$0$'* /012#+*0 43)%*0 #, 0*8#,'*0*+ '1 /012#+* $ -*4'0*e %$,*+ -$0* ,*02#-* $' <=Y9 f()/#* W1$+A ?$&+ H#&&, a&+ Y=@I 34+*0 '.* 4$)* 16 ?$&+ H#&&, Q.#&+ Q$0* Q*4'0*N ^.* 0*8#,'*0*+ /012#+*0 16 '.#, ,*02#-* #, WH^ ]42*,')*4', Za"L[ 5'( "'+ V.#-. V$, $//012*+ '1 /012#+* '.#, ,*02#-* 14 9R D12*)%*0 <=9=N 9J S0 L3''14 #, 41' $ ,.$0*.1&+*0 #4 WH^ ]42*,')*4', Za"L[ 5'( "'+ $4+ -*$,*+ '1 %* $ +#0*-'10 $4+ ,*-0*'$0( 16 WH^ ]42*,')*4', Za"L[ 5'( "'+ 14 << S$0-. <=9=N <= E.$' 6&1V, 601) '.* $%12* #, '.$' WH^ ]42*,')*4', Za"L[ 5'( "'+ /012#+*, -.#&+ -$0* ,*02#-*, #4 'V1 -$/$-#'#*,N F#0,'A #4 #', 1V4 -$/$-#'( $, $4 $//012*+ /012#+*0 16 $//012*+ ,*02#-*, $' '.* ?$&+ H#&&, Q.#&+ Q$0* Q*4'0*N 7*-14+&(A #4 #', -$/$-#'( $, '03,'** 16 '.* F$)#&( ^03,'A $, $4 $ 4 $//012*+ /012#+*0 16 $//012*+ $//012*+ ,*02#-*, $' $ ' Q$)*$ Q.#&+-$0*N AB<
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9=N ;, 9=N ;, ,'$'*+ $%12* '.* &*8$& 0*8#)* 610 -.#&+ -$0* ,*02#-*, #4-&3+*, '.* /012#,#14 16 Q1))14V*$&'. f12*04)*4' $,,#,'$4-* '1 -*0'$#4 #4+#2#+3$&,N ^1 34+*0,'$4+ '.* Q1))14V*$&'. -1)/14*4' 16 '.* 0*8#)*A 0*8$0+ )3,' %* .$+ '1 '.* #4'*0&1-T#48 1/*0$'#14 16 'V1 Q1))14V*$&'. ,'$'3'*, V.#-.A $, $%12*A $0* #[ '.* ;,,#,'$4-* ;-' which relevantly governs when an individual is “eligible” for assistance and ii) the Administration Act which relevantly governs when an individual is “entitled to be paid” $,,#,'$4-*N ^.* $,,#,'$4-* /012#+*+ %( '.* Q1))14V*$&'. f12*04)*4' 0*&*2$4'&( #4-&3+*, '.* QQ ?*4*6#' $4+ '.* QQ W*%$'*N ^.* /$()*4', )$+* 14 %*.$&6 16 '.* Q1))14V*$&'. #4 0*&$'#14 '1 '.* QQ ?*4*6#' $4+ '.* QQ W*%$'* $0* $+)#4#,'*0*+ %( '.* LB^N The LB^N The CC Benefit is usually paid to an “approved child care service”. An individual
9: 7*02#-*
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``VVVN$-*-X$N812N$3`0*,130-*,`4$'#14$&e0*8#,'*0,`,*02#-*,A $--*,,*+ 14 99 ;/0#& <=9:N 9J 5012#+*0 ;//012$& D1 5We====99:IN 7** D$'#14$& W*8#,'*0 )$#4'$#4*+ %( '.* D$'#14$& Q.#&+-$0* W*83&$'10 .''/,>``VVVN$-*-X$N812N$3`0*,130-*,`4$'#14$&e0*8#,'*0,`,*02#-*,A .''/,>``VVVN$-*-X$N812N $3`0*,130-*,`4$'#14$&e0*8#,'*0,`,*02#-*,A $--*,,*+ 14 99 ;/0#& <=9:N <= 7** ;7]Q Q300*4' $4+ H#,'10#-$& Q1)/$4( Bg'0$-' 610 WH^ ]42*,')*4', Za&+[ 5'( "'+ ;QD =J< <:Y
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can elect to have the CC Rebate paid to them directly or paid to an “approved child care service”.<9 99N ;&'.138. 99N ;&'.138. '.* ;+)#4#,'0$'#14 ;-' ,/*$T, 16 /$()*4' %*#48 )$+* '1 $4 “approved child care service”, an approved child care service is not a legal entity and the true position is that the payment is made to an “operator” of an approved child care service. The Administration Act does not define the term term “operator”. However, However, i ' #, -&*$0 601) , 9JR; of the Administration Act that the “obligation imposed by the law on an approved child care service is taken to be imposed on the person operating the service”. It is also a -14+#'#14 16 -14'#43#48 *#%#'( 34+*0 '.* ;+)#4#,'0$'#1n ;+)#4#,'0$'#1 n Act that the “operation of the service” and the “provision of care by the service” comply with all requirements imposed %( 1'.*0 &$V,A V.#-. V13&+ #4-&3+* '.* D$'#14$& "$VN << S10*12*0A '.* Bg/&$4$'10( S*)10$4+3) 610 '.* %#&& V.#-. #4'01+3-*+ , 9JR; 41'*, that “'.* “'.* 1/*0$'10 16 '.* ,*02#-* #, '.* /*0,14 14 V.1,* $//-$'#14 Z34+*0 ,*-'#14 9JY 16 '.* F$)#&( ;,,#,'$4-* Z;+)#4#,'0$'#14[ ;-'[ '.* ,*02#-* V$, $//012*+ 610 '.* /30/1,*, 16 '.* 6$)#&( $,,#,'$4-* &$VN” &$VN”<@ 9
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IRB;;;; 16 '.* ;+)#4#,'0$'#14 ;-'N << 7*-'#14 9JI 16 '.* ;+)#4#,'0$'#14 ;-'N <@ Bg/&$4$'10( S*)10$4+3) F$)#&( ;,,#,'$4-* "*8#,&$'#14 ;)*4+)*4' ZQ.#&+ Q$0*[ ?#&& ? #&& <==Jc ,** $&,1 '.* definition of “audit team” which is “an audit of an operator of an approved child care service, means the expert engaged to carry out the audit of the operator”.
``+1-,N*+3-$'#14N812N$3`+1-3)*4',`-.#&+e-$0*e,*02#-*e$//0 .''/,>``+1-,N*+3-$'#14N81 2N$3`+1-3)*4',`-.#&+e-$0*e,*02#-*e$//012$&e14*e$//-$'#14e610) 12$&e14*e$//-$'#14e610) $--*,,*+ 14 99 ;/0#& <=9:N ^.#, 2*0,#14 16 '.* 610) V$, -0*$'*+
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%* '.* ,$)* $, '.$' ,/*-#6#*+ 14 '.* 5012#+*0 ;//012$& Q*0'#6#-$'*N ^.* ;?D ,.13&+ $&,1 )$'-. '.* ;?D 16 '.* &*8$& *4'#'( '.$' $//*+ 610 $//012$& '1 '.* 0*&*2$4' 7'$'* 10 ^*00#'10( W*83&$'10( Authority”.
9@N ]' 6&1V, 601) '.* $%12* '.$'A #4 $&& T*.11+A %*-$3,* '.* '03,'** 16 '.* F$)#&( ^03,'A namely RHT Investments (Qld) Pty Ltd, is the “approved provider” of the “approved service” at 1 – @ @ Q$)*$ ;2*43*A B2*0'14 a&+ 34+*0 '.* D$'#14$& "$VA #' #, '.* *4'#'( V.#-. 0*-*#2*, $4( QQ ?*4*6#' /$()*4', )$+* 14 %*.$&6 16 '.* Q1))14V*$&'. Q1))14V*$&'. 34+*0 '.* F$)#&( ;,,#,'$4-* "$V #4 0*&$'#14 '1 '.* ,*02#-*, /012#+*+ $' '.$' &1-$'#14N ABM
9"-+* 05 77 A-+-5$* *0 *8- *6F)*-- 05 *8- !"#$%& I6F)*
9YN ^1 9YN ^1 %* *4'#'&*+ '1 '.* /$()*4' 16 '.* QQ ?*4*6#' 34+*0 '.* ;+)#4#,'0$'#14 ;-' $4 #4+#2#+3$& )3,' 6#0,' %* *#%&* 34+*0 '.* ;,,#,'$4-* ;-'N ^.* ,'$0'#48 /1#4' 610 determining if an individual is “eligible” is Div 4 of Pt 3 of the Assistance Act which is entitled “Eligibility for child care benefit”. This Division introduces the concept of “conditional eligibility”. In summary, an individual is conditionally eligible for the CC ?*4*6#' #4 0*&$'#14 '1 $ -.#&+A #6 '.* -.#&+ )**', -*0'$#4 %$,#- -0#'*0#$ 0*&$'#48 '1 $8*A -3,'1+( $4+ 0*,#+*4-(N
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However, no “ceiling” is placed on the amount a mount of fees which can be charged for a service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@=N ^.* @=N ^.* ]4'*0*,', L*-&$0$'#14 #, 41' -&*$0N \4 '.* 14* .$4+ S0 L3''14 .$, +*-&$0*+ $4 #4'*0*,' #4 '.* F$)#&( ^03,'A V.1,* $//1#4'*+ '03,'** #, WH^ ]42*,')*4', Za"L[ 5'( Ltd. The nature of the operation of the trust is stated to be “Investment”. There are 2$0#13, /1,,#%&* '03,' '03,' 0*&$'#14,.#/,N \4* #, '.$' $ '03,'**A /30,3$4' /30,3$4' '1 $ '03,' #4,'03)*4'A #4,'03)*4'A #, 0*X3#0*+ '1 #42*,' '03,' )14*( $4+ '.* )$#4 ,130-* 16 #4-1)* #, 601) #42*,')*4' $-'#2#'(A such a trust relationship may sometimes be referred to as an “investment trust”. Another #, '.$' $ '03,'**A /30,3$4' '1 $ '03,' #4,'03)*4'A #, 0*X3#0*+ '1 *48$8* #4 '0$+#48 $-'#2#'( $4+ '.* )$#4 ,130-* 16 #4-1)* #, 601) '0$+#48 $-'#2#'(A ,3-. $ '03,' 0*&$'#14,.#/ )$( sometimes be referred to as a “trading trust”. In either case, $ '03,' #4,'03)*4'A +*6#4*, '.* 4$'30* 16 '.* %*4*6#-#$& #4'*0*,'N ; %*4*6#-#$0( )$( %* *4'#'&*+ '1 $ -*0'$#4 /01/10'#14 of trust income, such a trust relationship is usually termed a “unit trust”. Alternatively, a '03,'** )$( )$#4'$#4 $ +#,-0*'#14 $, '1 '.* /01/10'#14, 16 #4-1)* V.#-. $0* '1 %* assigned to a beneficial interest, such a trust relationship is usually termed a “discretionary “discretionary trust”. If a discretion is available to the trustee, a beneficiary has a right to be considered #4 '.* *g*0-#,* 16 '.$' +#,-0*'#14N @9N It is not clear from the description under the heading “nature of the operation of the trust” in the Interest Declaration i) if the trust operates as an “investment trust” or a “trading trust”, or ii) if Mr Dutton is entitled to a set distrib 3'#14 16 '.* #4-1)* 16 '.* Family Trust, or iii) if Mr Dutton’s distributions under the trust instruments are subject to '.* 1/*0$'#14 16 '.* +#,-0*'#14 16 '.* '03,'**A 10 #2[ #6 '.* '03,'** .$, #4 6$-' *g*0-#,*+ $ +#,-0*'#14 ,1 $, '1 $,,#84 #4-1)* '1 S0 L3''14 /30,3$4' '1 '.* 0*&*2$4' '03,' #4,'03)*4'N It is noted that Mr Dutton has not declared that he has “any other substantial source of income” Y: $4+ '.$' '.* *g/&$4$'10( 41'*, 0*&*2$4' '1 '.* ]4'*0*,', L*-&$0$'#14A ,'$'* '.$' “as a general rule of thumb, income over $1000 per annum might be notifiable”. notifiable”. YJ @
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and iv) Mr Dutton’s
+*-&$0$'#14, 16 0*8#,'0$%&* #4'*0*,', '1 '.* H13,* #4 '.* YY '. 5$0$)*4' V.#-. +#+ 41' #4-&3+* $4( 0*6*0*4-* '1 $4 #4'*0*,' #4 '.* F$)#&( ^03,' $4+ V*0* 41' $)*4+*+ $' $4( '#)*A #4-&3+#48 #4 L*-*)%*0 <=9Y Z%*#48 '.* )14'. #4 V.#-. WH^ ]42*,')*4', Za&+[ 5'( "'+ $, '03,'** 610 ^.* F$)#&( ^03,' V$, $//012*+ '1 /012#+* '.* Q$)*$ Q.#&+-$0* ,*02#-* $4+ $&,1 '.* )14'. #4 V.#-. Q$)*$ Q.#&+-$0* %*-$)* $ %3,#4*,, 4$)* .*&+ %( '.* F$)#&( ^03,'[N @@N There @@N There are three available assumptions assumptions relating to the nature of Mr Dutton’s Dutton’s interest in the F$)#&( ^03st: ^03st: i) to assume that what Mr Dutton means when he describes his “beneficial interest” as being a beneficiary is that he is the beneficiary of a “unit trust” and the trustee #, +3'( %134+ '1 )$T* +#,'0#%3'#14, +#,'0#%3'#14, '1 S0 L3''14A L3''14A ##[ '1 $,,3)* $&'*04$'#2*&(A '.$' '.* '03,'** .$, /0*2#13,&( *g*0-#,*+ $4+ #, *g/*-'*+ '1 -14'#43* '1 *g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c V* ,.13&+ 41' %* '$T*4 $, *g/0*,,#48 $ 2#*V $, '1 '.* 2$+#'( 16 '.#, '.#, $,,3)/'#14N EB<
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@YN The @YN The text of s 44(v) of the Constitution Constitution is “[any person who] has any direct or indirect /*cuniary /*cuniary interest in any agreement a greement with the Public Service of the Commonwealth… shall be incapable of being chosen or of sitting…” The issue of whether the interest a %*4*6#-#$0( .$, 34+*0 $ '03,' -13&+ %* $4 #4'*0*,' V#'.#4 '.* )*$4#48 16 , YYZ2[ V$, -14,#+*0*+ #4 L- P"& QH0
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;3,'0$$4 ?3,#4*,, W*8#,'*0 $2$#&$%&* $' .''/,>``$%0N%3,#4*,,N812N$3` 610 '.* ^03,'** 610 WH^ F$)#&( ^03,' ;?D :: R@I RIU 9RJ $--*,,*+ $--*,,*+ 99 ;/0#& <=9:N R9 This part of the Interest Declaration relates to the “registered Directorships of companies” and concerns Mr Dutton’s spouse. ]' V13&+ $//*$0 601) '.* 610*81#48 +#,-3,,#14 -14-*04#48 '.* 0*8#,'*0, )$#4'$#4*+ %( '.* D$'#14$& Childcare Regulator that the operation of the RHT Family Trust could also fit the description of “Child Care/Investment”. R< ^.* Bg/&$4$'10( D1'*, .(/*0T*+ '1 '.* 0*8#,'0$%&* #4'*0*,', 601) ,'$'*,N
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@RN f$8*&*0 G $&,1 0*P*-'*+ '.* $083)*4' '.$' %*-$3,* $ %*4*6#-#$0( 34+*0 $ +#,-0*'#14$0( '03,' #, 14&( $ /1'*4'#$& %*4*6#-#$0( '.*( -13&+ 41' %* ,$#+ '1 .$2* $4 #4'*0*,' V#'.#4 '.* )*$4#48 16 , YYZ2[N W*&*2$4'&( .#, H14130 .*&+> hJ9i ^.*0* V$, 41'.#48 0*)1'* 10 34T*&( $%13' '.* 634+, 8*4*0$'*+ 601) '.* 0*4' '1 %* /$#+ %( '.* Q1))14V*$&'. #4 '.* /*0610)$4-* 16 #', 1%$'#14 34+*0 '.* &*$,* 6&1V#48 '.0138. F3&&$0'14 ]42*,')*4', '1 ? k ? L$(A *#'.*0 $, &1$4 0*/$()*4', 10 $, '03,' +#,'0#%3'#14,A +#,' 0#%3'#14,A '1 '.* 3&'#)$'* 6#4$4-#$& %*4*6#' 16 S0 L$( … h99Ii S0 L$( ’, #4'*4'#14 #4 ,*''#48 3/ '.* ' .* -14'0$-'3$& $4+ '03,' 0*&$'#14,.#/, %*'V**4 F3&&$0'14 F3 &&$0'14 ]42*,')*4', $4+ ? k ? L$( #, .#8.&( /01%$'#2* 16 '.* V$( #4 V.#-. '.1,* 0*&$'#14,.#/, -13&+ 1%P*-'#2*&( %* *g/*-'*+ '1 .$2* V10T*+ '1 %*4*6#' .#) #4 /0$-'#-*N a3#'* $/$0' 601) '.* +#0*-'#14 $, '1 '.* /$()*4' 16 0*4'A '.* ,'03-'30* .* /3' #4 /&$-* 0*,3&'*+ #4 S0 L$( .$2#48 $4 *g/*-'$'#14 16 %*4*6#'#48 #4 )14*( 10 )14*( ’, V10'. 601) '.* Q1))14V*$&'. /*0610)#48 #', 1%$'#14 '1 /$( 0*4' 34+*0 '.* &*$,* '.0138. .#) 1%'$#4#48 *#'.*0A 10 %1'.A $ 0*+3-'#14 #4 '.* *g'*4' 16 .#, -14'#48*4' $%#'( '1 D;? 10 $ +#,'0#%3'#14 601) ? k ? L$( $, '03,'** 16 '.* L$( F$)#&( ^03, t… h99:i ^.* '.*10*'#-$& &*8$& /1,,#%#'( '.$' 1'.*0, )#8.' %*4*6#' .$, 41 %*$0#48 14 '.* /0$-'#-$& -1))*0-#$& T*.11+ '.$' S0 L$( V13&+ %*4*6#'N ^.* 1/*0$'#14 16 , YYZ2[ 16 '.* Q14,'#'3'#14 #, -14-*04*+ V#'. '.* &$''*0A 41' '.* 610)*0N
@IN j*$4* G .*&+ '.$' #' V$, 41' 4*-*,,$0( '1 0*,1&2* V.*'.*0 , YYZ2[ -$/'30*, $ ,1e-$&&*+ beneficiary’s interest under a discretionary trust but observ *+> observ *+> h9J9i ;--10+#48&(A #' #, 41' 4*-*,,$0( #4 '.#, -$,* '1 0*,1&2* $4( X3*,'#14 $, '1 V.*'.*0 '.* -10/10$'* $4+ '03,' ,'03-'30*, *,'$%,.*+ %( S0 L$( V*0* $/' '1 $21#+ '.* +#,X3$(#48 *66*-' 16 , YYZ2[N ;4 *g/*-'$'#14 16 $ 8$#4 10 &1,, 16 )14*( 8*4*0$'*+ %( $ /01)#,* )$( *g#,' V#'.13' $ &*8$&&( *4610-*$%&* *4'#'&*)*4' '1 /$()*4' 16 )14*(N f#2*4 '.* -14,'#'3'#14$& -14'*g'A #' #, *4138. '.$' '.* /*0,14 ’, /1-T*', V*0* 10 )#8.' %* $66*-'*+N [192] The term “indirect” #4+#-$'*, “indirect” #4+#-$'*, that, here, regard may be had “'1 “ '1 /0$-'#-$& $, V*&& $, &*8$& *66*-' ” ,1 '.$t '.$t a person has at least an “indirect” #4'*0*,' 16 $ /*-34#$0( 4$'30* #4 $4 $80**)*4' #6 '.* $80**)*4' #, ,3-. '.$' #' -$4 8#2* 0#,* '1 $4 *g/*-'$'#14 16 $ )14*'$0( 8$#4 10 &1,, #6 #' #, /*0610)*+N ; /*0,14 V.1 .$, $4 *g/*-'$'#14 16 $ %*4*6#' +*/*4+*4' 14 '.* /*0610)$4-* 16 $4 $80**)*4' #, 4$'30$&&( ,$#+ '1 %* #4+#0*-'&( #4'*0*,'*+ #4 '.* '.* $80**)*4'N ;, V$, ,$#+ #4 !061 G (+16-@) ,3-. ,3-. $ /*0,14 is “interested” #6 .* h10 ,.*i #, 41' ‘+#,#4'*0*,'*+’ +#,#4'*0*,'*+’ #4 $ /*-34#$0( 10 /01/0#*'$0( ,*4,*N
@UN ]' $//*$0, '.$' #4 +*-#+#48 S0 L$( .$+ $ , YYZ2[ #4'*0*,'A 6130 P3+8*, 16 '.* H#8. Q130' Zj*#6*& QGA ?*&& $4+ B+*&)$4 GG $4+ f$8*&*0 G[ -14,#+*0*+ $4+ *g/0*,,&( 0*P*-'*+ '.* $083)*4' '.$' '.* #4'*0*,' 16 $ /*0,14 $, $4 1%P*-' 16 $ +#,-0*'#14$0( '03,' -$441' %* $4 #4'*0*,' V#'.#4 , YYZ2[ 16 '.* Q14,'#'3'#14N ]4 130 1/#4#14A '.#, #, %#4+#48 $3'.10#'( 610 '.* /01/1,#'#14 '.$' ,3-. $4 #4'*0*,' -$4A #4 -*0'$#4 -#0-3),'$4-*,A %* $4 #4'*0*,' V#'.#4 '.* )*$4#48 16 , YYZ2[N ^.3,A #' V13&+ $//*$0 '.$' *2*4 14 '.* V*$T*,' 16 '.* $,,3)/'#14, /1,*+ Z#N*N '.$' S0 L3''14 .$, $' )1,' $ .1/* 16 0*-*#2#48 #4-1)* $4+ '.* '03,'** $' relevant times has not in fact made distributions to Mr Dutton) that Mr Dutton’s interest is capable of being characterised as a s 44(v) interest. This is supported by the “objective
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