HPHT Procedures Objective: Obtain enough knowledge of typical HPHT procedures used, to allow the experienced drill crew to ask the right critical questions, before and during operation in the HPHT section, in order to operate safely.
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DRILLING PARAMETERS CONSTANT DRILLING PARAMETERS
RPM SPM WOB
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DRILLING PARAMETERS MUD LOGGER
RIG SYSTEM
MONITORED CONTINUOSLY
DISCREPANCY THOROUGHLY INVESTIGATE A FAILURE OF DRILLING INSTRUMENTATION COULD BE CAUSE FOR THE SUSPENSION OF OPERATIONS, IF THERE IS NOT A SUITABLE ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF MONITORING THE PARAMETERS AFFECTED. 20 April 2013
MWD LWD PWD Verify temperature Static and dynamic pressures downhole Getting a ”picture” of downhole Compare with modeling of: Swab Surge MW behavior
SURVEY PRIOR TO CONNECTION 20 April 2013
SURVEY PRIOR TO CONNECTION by stopping rotation and bringing the pumps down to suitable pump rate required without shutting down the pumps. (Verify best option with MWD operator) Bring the pumps back up to drilling pump rate and pump up survey. Once survey has been obtained, continue with connection procedure. Advantage: This will avoid having 2 pump off gas in annulus at the same time. Start pumps in the best way for the well. Can take SCR’s on each connection. Disadvantage: Downhole tools might require different approach Off bottom for longer time
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CONNECTIONS AND DUMMY CONNECTIONS without driling stand 1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7.
8. 9.
Inform Mud Loggers prior to making a connection. Ream as required. Take torque measurements, stop rotation, and record drag measurements. Shut down the rig pumps, allowing appropriate time for flow back to the active. Ensure the Mud Logger's screen on the drill floor is displaying the active tank graph, and that backflow trend is fingerprinted. Line the well up on trip tank, and start trip tank pump, with Mud Logger’s screen displaying same. (When CFM show the well is stable continue with connection) If the well appear to be flowing or you are in doubt- shut the well in. Make up next stand. (Note trip tank volume and compare graph with previous connection graphs. If no anomalies observed, stop trip tank pump and open to flow line.) If the well appear to be flowing or you are in doubt- shut the well in. (be aware of PP vs FG and decide on pump or not) Rotate drill string slowly and bring one pump up to 10 spm until returns are observed at the shakers, then slowly bring this pump up to operating strokes. Bring the remaining pumps up to operating strokes until full flow rate has been reached. Increase rotation to drilling RPM, inform the Mud Logger, and resume drilling as per procedure. Obtain reading from PWD to establish Low/High result from connection. "Dummy" connection gas is a “pumps-off” event and must still be circulated out of the well before the next connection is made 20 April 2013
CONNECTIONS AND DUMMY CONNECTIONS with Drilling stand 1. 2. 3. 4.
Inform Mud Loggers prior to making a connection. Ream as required and pump back the drilling stand. Take torque measurements, stop rotation, and record drag measurements. With the full drilling stand above the rotary table, shut down the rig pumps, allowing appropriate time for flow back to the active. Ensure the Mud Logger's screen on the drill floor is displaying the active tank graph, and that backflow trend is fingerprinted. 5. Line the well up on trip tank, and start trip tank pump, with Mud Logger’s screen displaying same. 6. Close bottom drilling stand FOSV as a mud saver, close TDS IBOP, break out the drilling stand and rack back same. 7. Make up next stand. 8. Slowly lower the drill string. Avoid surging the formation. 9. Make up drilling stand. Open TDS IBOP valve and open lower drilling stand FOSV. 10.Note trip tank volume and compare graph with previous connection graphs. If no anomalies observed, stop trip tank pump and open to flow line. If the well appear to be flowing or you are in doubt- shut the well in. 11. (be aware of PP vs FG and decide on pump or not) 12.Rotate drill string slowly and bring one pump up to “1 bbl/min” until returns are observed at the shakers, then slowly bring this pump up to operating strokes. Bring the remaining pumps up to operating strokes until full flow rate has been reached. Increase rotation to drilling RPM, inform the Mud Logger, and resume drilling as per procedure. Obtain reading from PWD to establish Low/High result from connection. Suggest a dummy connection once while drilling down stand. (EI part 17, volume 2 ) 20 April 2013
CONNECTIONS AND DUMMY CONNECTIONSHaving MPD and RCD installed, using Drilling Stand. 1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7.
8. 9.
Inform Mud Loggers and MPD operator prior to making a connection. Back ream as required, take torque and drag measurements. Pump back Drilling Stand. Shut down the rig pumps in agreement with MPD operator starting up “back up pressure pump”. Ensure Stand pipe pressure is zero before closing lower FOSV on drilling stand and breaking out TDS. Back pressure pump on T/T or Active. Rack back Drilling stand, make up new stand. Run it in hole. Good communication with MPD. M/U Drilling stand, open lower FOSV. Ensure volumes are within acceptable limits for connection. If volumes are not acceptable or you are in doubt- shut the well in. (be aware of PP vs FG and decide on pump or not) Rotate drill string slowly and bring one pump up to 10 spm in corporation with MPD operator and verify system integrity, then slowly bring this pump up to operating strokes. Bring the remaining pumps up to operating strokes until full flow rate has been reached. Increase rotation to drilling RPM, inform the Mud Logger, and resume drilling as per procedure. Obtain reading from PWD to establish Low/High result from connection. The readings will be under influence of surface pressure and will have to be corrected to give ESD.
The key is communication and training. 20 April 2013
A RATE OF MUD FROM OR TO THE WELL, AS MEASURED BY THE RIG AND THE MUD LOGGERS, TO THE TRIP TANK, THAT DOES NOT REQUIRE ANY FURTHER ACTION. NORMAL OPERATION MAY PROCEED.
ACCEPTABLE FLOW CHECK MINIMUM 30 MINUTES (used in the Norweign sector) DECREASING TREND OF FLOW IN LINE WITH EXPECTED THERMAL EFFECT FOLLOWS TREND OF PREVIOUS FLOW CHECKS MAX. 25-50% OF KICK MARGIN IN LOSS/GAIN MUD COOLER/HYDRAULIC SIMULATION All flow checks on Trip Tank
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FLOW CHECK WELL STABILITY
BEFORE PUMPING OUT OF HOLE CASING SHOE TOP/BOTTOM OF MUD CAP
PRIOR TO PULLING BHA INCORRECT MUD VOLUME while tripping TOP OF LINER DYNAMIC FLOWCHECK- lets talk. If in doubt- shut the well in and observe pressures. Run or strip back to bottom and circulate bottoms up. Assess gas levels and evaluate to circulate the last 3000 (MD flowcheck 1500m- circ through choke ) ft through choke. 20 April 2013
FLOW CHECK PROCEDURE CONNECTION AT RIG FLOOR (space out for Annular or Pipe ram) STATIC FLOW CHECK TO TRIP TANK PLOT EVERY MINUTE DRILLER AND MUD LOGGER RECORD VOLUME CHANGES
INFORM DSV AND TP
IF IN DOUBT, SHUT IN THE WELL This takes MPD out of the loop, but you still have to verify the BOP is not leaking 20 April 2013
Suggested FLOW CHECK PROCEDURE with RCD installed • • • • • •
CONNECTION AT RIG FLOOR (space out for Annular or Pipe ram) DRILLER STOP PUMPS AS ON CONNECTIONS TOGETHER WITH @BALANCE USING BACK PRESSURE PUMP TO MAINTAIN BHP CONSTANT. (If possible line up on Trip Tank) IN STEPS OF X PSI, REDUCE SURFACE PRESSURE AND MONITOR SURFACE VOLUME HOLD PRESSURE FOR 5 MINUTES OR AS PR FINGERPRINTING DRILLER AND MUD LOGGER RECORD VOLUME CHANGES AND FLOW THE DRILLER WILL SHUT THE WELL IN IF ANY SIGN ON FLOW INFORM DSV AND TP STATIC OVERBALANCE WITH NO PRESSURE ON SURFACE AND ACCEPTABLE FLOWCHECK.
IF IN DOUBT, SHUT THE WELL IN This takes MPD out of the loop, but you still have to verify the BOP is not leaking
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FLUSHING CHOKE AND KILL LINE WITH MPD INSTALLED. •
Purpose is to get fresh mud in the hoses to avoid sagging
•
Challenge is to flush the lines, while maintaining additional pressure on the well,
•
and maintaining volume control. It has to be well, rig and equipment specific.
•
Pump from above or below maintaining ECD, or after Flowcheck.
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Establishing Circulation with risk of breaking down formation It only takes one....
1. Start with 25 GPM. 2. Break gel by bringing up string rotation stepwise to agreed rpm 3. Slow down string rotation to 30 rpm. 4. Increase pump rate stepwise when return is established. Bring one pump up to planned pump rate before bringing the second pump on line. 5. Increase string rotation stepwise until planned rotation. 6. The drill string should not be moved while performing these steps controlling PWD reading for ECD verification. The PWD is capable of providing maximum and minimum annular pressures can be provided after pumps off events. Review the information available after any trip to see if the surge pressures created during the trip are acceptable. If not, adjust the procedure and check for an improvement.
Hydraulics calculations shall be updated every 12 hours or when mud properties has changed Realistic modeling of swab/surge/temperature/ECD are necessary for knowing your well.
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PIT DISCIPLINE Pit discipline is a term used to describe the system of work whereby no operation that may affect mud pit levels is commenced, without the full knowledge of the
Driller, Mud Engineer, Derrickman, Mud Loggers
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1.
The Mud Engineer will always produce a written work instruction for the Derrickman, copy to Driller, TP and Mud Logger. 2. When drilling ahead, adding premix/water/base oil, might be allowed whilst drilling ahead with the DSV and STP’s permissions provided that: Fingerprint volume prior to the transfer. The pit from which the transfer is to be made must be added to the active system PVT. The only change in volume therefore should be as Fingerprinted before the transfer began. 3. If additions are required and the conditions do not meet the previous criteria or for any other reasons, the Driller must pick off bottom and circulate until a stabilised pit level has been established. Once obtained the addition can be done. 4. If barite has to be added to the system, then an allowance for the corresponding pit volume change has to be made. Only light dusting of barite is allowed while drilling after permission from the DSV/TP. Light dusting means maintaining existing mud weight. (know why it is necessary ) 5. The Mud Engineer shall be present at the shakers to monitor bottoms up after trips, flow checks etc. 6. Radio communication system to be available at all times by the Driller, Mud Engineer, Derrickman, Shaker hand and Mud Loggers. 7. Mud Loggers shall maintain an accurate volume balance sheet stating gain/loss and net result throughout each section drilled. An updated sheet shall be presented at least 2 times daily and after tripping in/out of hole. 8. Flow Sensors (rig’s own, rental and third party sensor) should be operational at all times. 9. Mud Coolers to be utilized as required in the 12-1/4”, 8-1/2”, 6-1/2”. (Shut down prior to POOH) 10. Never leave transferring into the active unattended. 11. Inform Driller of change in Shaker screen type, as it might change volume. 20 April 2013
WELL CONTROL: before drilling 9-7/8 Casing ACCUMULATOR BOTTLE PRECHARGE @ 400 PSI
OPEN
ANNULAR PREVENTER
BALL VALVE
PIT DRILLSTRIP DRILLS-
DRILLS: STRIP DRILLSCHOKE DRILLS-
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CLOSE
Well Flow while Drilling 1. Pick off bottom until the annular can be closed and a FOSV is accessible above the rotary table. With MPD, they can increase back pressure 2. Stop rotating, and then stop the pumps. immediately and minimize the kick size. 3. Close the annular (Hard shut-in). 4. Line up trip tank and monitor for leaking BOP. 5. Open choke line valves towards a closed choke. 6. Record time and monitor casing pressure (SICP). 7. Notify Tool pusher/Lead Driller and Operators drilling supervisor. 8. Close appropriate FOSV in Drilling Stand and bleed off pressure above same to verify floats/FOSV are holding pressure. 9. Break connection above FOSV. 10.Install kick assembly with 15 K hose and Lo-Torq’s, and make up TDS on top. 11.Pressure test hose connection to max as agreed against closed FOSV’s above and below hose connection. 12.Open FOSV below hose connection and FOSV on Drilling Stand. 13.Establish SIDPP- not necessary for circulating out the influx 14.Circulate out kick/kill the well according to procedure When the well is shut in, the MPD is out of the loop, but you have to verify that your BOP is not leaking Glycol injection can start at 75% B/U at a rate of 0,5 gpm/ 2 lpm 20 April 2013
Well Flow while Tripping If a kick occurring when the TDS is not made up to the drill string (e.g. when tripping) the well shall be shut-in as follows: 1. Set the slips below the top tool joint. 2. Install and close a FOSV. 3. Secure the well by the hard shut in method using annular preventer. Always keep in mind string weight and wellbore pressure. Consider closing pipe rams to limit upward movement of the drill string if drill pipe is across BOPs. 4. Open choke line to fully closed choke and monitor annulus pressure. 5. Notify supervisors. 6. If pumping is needed: 1. Install kick assembly with 15K hose and make up TDS on top 2. Pressure test hose connection to agreed pressure against closed FOSV’s above and below hose connection. 3. Open FOSV’s below hose connection. 4. Establish SIDPP- if relevant. 5. Record SICP every 30 seconds. 7. Monitor trip tank to detect any annular or ram leaks. 8. Prepare to strip back to bottom if pressures permit.
Prepare to kill the well!!! 20 April 2013
HPHT CHECKLISTS 1. Prepare non essential personnel list 2. Attend morning meeting 3. Obtain copy of POA and post 4. Verify days since last BOP test 5. Verify days since last H2S drill 6. Verify days since last fire drill 7. Verify days since last abandon rig drill 8. Verify supply vessel schedule 9. Verify H2S package onboard and operational 10. Verify weekly H2S and combustible gas sensor test 11. Verify stand by vessel upwind for H2S 12. Hold pre-tour meeting with the drill crew 13. Verify rig floor kill board in compliance 14. Verify Driller / AD / Derrickman tour checklist 15. Hours since last TDS service 16. Hours since last swivel packing change 17. Numbers of closures / strip drills on annular preventer 18. Verify stocks from Barge Engineer Hole Section
Cement MT
Barite MT
um Level ement rd supply vessel
Comments:
Date:
Signed:
Mud Materials for M³
Drill Water M³
Glycol gal
OIM/TP Daily Checklist DSV Daily Checklist DRILLER HPHT Tourly Checklist A/D HPHT Tourly Checklist DERRICKMAN HPHT Tourly Checklist CEMENTER HPHT Daily Checklist MUD ENGINEER HPHT Daily Checklist MUD LOGGER HPHT Tourly Checklist
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