Chapter 3: Fractionation Fractionation Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers, 5th Edition by Stephen Hall
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Methyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol (ystem )ressure
Antoine Constants A B 8. !"8#.$ 8. !"%#.% &'* mm +,
Err-"*# *.** *.* *.#* *.$* *.1* *."* *.'* *.&* *.8* *.%* .**
/ *.** *.' *.$* *.1# *."$ *.'$ *.&# *.8* *.88 *.%1 .**
Temp! de, C &8.#%8%8"1 &8.#%8%8"1 &'.'#"*%&# &'.'#"*%&# &".*$*1$%*$ &".*$*1$%*$ &$."*%#**8&$ &$."*%#**8&$ &#.*"'1'$81" &#.*"'1'$81" &*.''&&$18$ &*.''&&$18$ '%.$$8&'1%&8 '%.$$8&'1%&8 '8.*'"&1$#$$ '8.*'"&1$#$$ ''.81"*'1"# ''.81"*'1"# '".'&$1**%*& '".'&$1**%*& '1."1&&$#"$% '1."1&&$#"
%$C #$%.& ##'.#
roblem Statement: Constr Construct uct a tabl table e of of 4apo 4apor5l r5li6u i6uid id e6uili e6uilibri bri a syste ystem m of meth ethano anol5et l5etha hano noll at atmo atmos s pressure! assumin, ideal beha4ior.
V)! mm +, )artial )ressure Methyl Ethyl Methyl Ethyl Alcohol Alcohol Alcohol Alcohol 0ifference !#&".1# !#&".1# &'*.** *.** &'*.** 2*.**3 !#**.11 !#**.11 &.*' &.*' #*.*1 '$%.%' 2*.**3 !$#.1* !$#.1* '''.%* ##'.18 "$$."# 2*.**3 !*&*."* !*&*."* '#'.%$ $#." 1$8.8" 2*.**3 !*1.*$ !*1.*$ "%*.'" 1*".' $"1.$% *.** %'#.$8 ""&.'$ 18.% #&8.8 *.** %".* "#&.1% "1%.** #.** #.** 2*.**3 8&.1& 1%%.% '*.*$ 1%.%& 2*.**3 8$.$" 1&1.'# ''".*8 %1.%# 2*.**3 &%1.#% 1".$' &1.8' 1".1 2*.**3 &'*.** 1#%.%# &'*.** *.** 2*.**3
Methyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol (ystem )ressure
Antoine Constants A B 8. !"8#.$ 8. !"%#.% &'* mm +,
Err-"*# *.** *.* *.#* *.$* *.1* *."* *.'* *.&* *.8* *.%* .**
/ *.** *.' *.$* *.1# *."$ *.'$ *.&# *.8* *.88 *.%1 .**
Temp! de, C &8.#%8%8"1 &8.#%8%8"1 &'.'#"*%&# &'.'#"*%&# &".*$*1$%*$ &".*$*1$%*$ &$."*%#**8&$ &$."*%#**8&$ &#.*"'1'$81" &#.*"'1'$81" &*.''&&$18$ &*.''&&$18$ '%.$$8&'1%&8 '%.$$8&'1%&8 '8.*'"&1$#$$ '8.*'"&1$#$$ ''.81"*'1"# ''.81"*'1"# '".'&$1**%*& '".'&$1**%*& '1."1&&$#"$% '1."1&&$#"
%$C #$%.& ##'.#
roblem Statement: Constr Construct uct a tabl table e of of 4apo 4apor5l r5li6u i6uid id e6uili e6uilibri bri a syste ystem m of meth ethano anol5et l5etha hano noll at atmo atmos s pressure! assumin, ideal beha4ior.
V)! mm +, )artial )ressure Methyl Ethyl Methyl Ethyl Alcohol Alcohol Alcohol Alcohol 0ifference !#&".1# !#&".1# &'*.** *.** &'*.** 2*.**3 !#**.11 !#**.11 &.*' &.*' #*.*1 '$%.%' 2*.**3 !$#.1* !$#.1* '''.%* ##'.18 "$$."# 2*.**3 !*&*."* !*&*."* '#'.%$ $#." 1$8.8" 2*.**3 !*1.*$ !*1.*$ "%*.'" 1*".' $"1.$% *.** %'#.$8 ""&.'$ 18.% #&8.8 *.** %".* "#&.1% "1%.** #.** #.** 2*.**3 8&.1& 1%%.% '*.*$ 1%.%& 2*.**3 8$.$" 1&1.'# ''".*8 %1.%# 2*.**3 &%1.#% 1".$' &1.8' 1".1 2*.**3 &'*.** 1#%.%# &'*.** *.** 2*.**3
m 4alues for here
Antoine Constants A Ethyl Alcohol 7ater
8. 8.*
B !"%#.% !&*.8
Err-"*# *.** *.*$ *.*' *.* *." *.#* *.$* *.1* *."* *.'* *.&* *.8* *.%* .**
Solution !odel :one Mar,ules 4an aar
roblem Statement: Construct a table of 4apor5li6ui system of ethanol5water at a Acti4ity coefficients from the M
C ##'.# #$."
V)! mm +, / Temp! de, C Ethyl Alcohol *.** **.*% !'%%.*% *.#$ %$.'" !$"".*1 *.$" 8%.&8 !&&.## *.11 8'.'* !*1'.1% *." 81.$* %"%.#& *."1 8#.%1 %*.8$ *."% 8.1% 8'.** *.'# 8*.'" 8$$.18 *.'" &%.%% 8#.$1 *.'% &%.1 &%1.8 *.&" &8.%1 &&%.1" *.8# &8.'* &'%.$ *.% &8.1* &'$.% .** &8.$* &'*.**
Mar,ules
7ater &'*.** '*.1# "#*.*# 1'*.1& 1#*.88 $%8.%1 $&'.1# $'1.* $"1.18 $1'.$* $$%.'& $$".*$ $$#.$' $$*.%$
VE Ethanol57ater # $
;#
1.%'1 1.$1 $.&8 $.## #.'& #.#'8 .&#% .1 .##* .*& .*1$ .*# .** .***
.*** .**# .**8 .*#$ .*"* .*8& .8% .$#' .1%$ .'8* .8&# #.*1" #.&* #.#1
9eference ine /
* *.*"' *.*% *.8% *.#8' *.$#$ *.$$ *.1% *."# *.'# *.&*1 *.&" *.&%8 *.81$ *.81& *.81% *.881 *.%*8 *.%##
;
* *.$'' *.118 *."$% *."8# *.' *.'*" *.'#& *.''' *.&# *.&"% *.&'1 *.88 *.8" *.8"1 *.8"' *.88' *.%*& *.%#
/ *
*
(ource?sobaric Vapor5i6uid E6uili
Mar,ules )arameters A# A#
d e6uilibrium 4alues for a mosphere pressure! usin, ar,ules model.
.'*##
*.&%1&
Mar,ules Model
4an aar )arameters A# A# .'&%8
*.%##&
4an aar Model
)artial )ressure Ethyl Alcohol *.** &".$8 #'&.*% $$'.' $81.$8 1$.*' 11'.'' 1&*.$% 1%".11 "#&.$# "'%.#8 '##.%8 '8&.8% &'*.**
7ater 0ifference &'*.** 2*.**3 "81.'# 2*.**3 1%#.% 2*.**3 1#$.81 *.** $&".'# *.** $1'.%1 *.** $$.$1 *.** #8%.' *.** #'1."' 2*.**3 #$#.'8 2*.**3 %*.&# 2*.**3 $&.*# 2*.**3 &#. 2*.**3 *.** *.** 2*.**3
;
;#
;
;#
1.%'1 1.$1 $.&8 $.## #.'& #.#'8 .&#% .1 .##* .*& .*1$ .*# .** .***
.*** .**# .**8 .*#$ .*"* .*8& .8% .$#' .1%$ .'8* .8&# #.*1" #.&* #.#1
".$'1 1."*' $.8" $.%& #.'8 #.# .'%% .1*% .#$" .#8 .*'$ .*#" .**' .***
.*** .**$ .** .*#' .*"' .*%1 .%1 .$#* .1'% .'$% .8$* #.*1 #.#&* #."'
"apor#$i%uid E%uilibrium *.% *.8 e s a h r o p a " , n o i t c a r F e l o !
*.& *.' 9ef erence in )redicted
*."
Experimental
*.1 *.$ *.# *. * *
*.
*.#
*.$
*.1
*."
*.'
*.&
*.8
*.%
!ole Fraction, $i%uid hase
bria for Methanol @ Ethanol @ 7ater and the Three Constituent Binary (ystems!> . Chem En,. 0ata %%$! Vol $8! p 11'511%.
e
Methyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol
Antoine Constants A B 8. !"8#.$ 8. !"%#.%
!olar Composition Methyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol
&ottoms
C #$%.& ##'.# Feed *.1* *.'*
Err-"*# *.1*
'istillate *.%8 *.*#
V)! mm +, / Temp! de, C *."$ &#.*'
!inimum Reflu( Ratio alpha .&'8*8 9m $.$1
Methyl Alcohol !*1.*$
Answer
Ethyl Alcohol "%*.'"
roblem Statement: Estimate the minimum reflux r consistin, of 1* mole metha ethanol at its bubble point. Th composition is %8 mole met
)artial )ressure Methyl Alcohol 1*".'
Ethyl Alcohol 0ifference $"1.$% *.**
atio for a binary feed nol and '* mole desired distillate hanol.
n5hexane n5heptane n5octane
Antoine Constants A B '.8 !#.' '.8 !##1.1 '.% !$&.*
(ystem )ressure Temperature !olar Composition n5hexane n5heptane n5octane
C #8.* ##.% #*"."
&'* mm +, *# de, C Feed *.* *."* *.1*
", mm Hg !%".1"* 8$&.8"1 $&$.8#* 0ifference
eed Condition! 6 Theta !olar Composition n5hexane n5heptane n5octane
roblem Statement: Estimate the minimum reflux rati system n5hexane! n5heptane! n5o feed at the bubble point and mol *.! *."! *.1 respecti4ely. %" of should be contained in the distill n5octane in the bottoms.
.** .$* Feed
αi
%."1" 18.%#& 1%."#8 &'*.*** *.***
".# #.#1 .**
2 D feed at the Bubble )oint3
αi
*.* *."* *.1*
xi αi / (αi - θ)
".# #.#1 .**
*.$ .% 2.$$3 *.** 2*.**3
0ifference
Distillate
xiD αi / (αi - θ)
*.&$ *.8#* *.**&
*.#$ .%' 2*.*#3 #.& D 9m @
Calculation of the distillate and bottoms compositions Moles !olar Composition n5hexane n5heptane n5octane
Feed *.* *."* *.1*
$ight )ey
Hea*y )ey
x x
Reco*ery of )eys
&ottoms
%" %%
'istillate *.** *.** #."* 1&."* $%.'* *.1* 1#.* "&.%*
for the tertiary ctane! with the r composition the n5heptane te and %% of the
Answer
Mole raction &ottoms 'istillate *.** *.&$ *.*' *.8#* *.%1 *.**&
eed
** moles
Antoine Constants A B 8. !"8#.$ 8. !"%#.%
Methyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol !olar Composition Methyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol (ystem )ressure
&ottoms
roblem Stateme ind the number of column! with 1* m methanol in the bottoms! ,i4en a re
C #$%.& ##'.# Feed *.1* *.'*
'istillate &ottoms *.%8 *.* *.*# *.%%
&'*
Err-"*#
V)! mm +,
/ Temp! de, C *.*# &8.$ *."$ &#.*' *.%% '1.&&
*.* *.1* *.%8
Methanol !#'&."8 !*1.*$ &''.'"
Ethanol Methanol &"1.8& #.'8 "%*.'" 1*".' 1$1.*& &".$#
!inimum Reflu( Ratio alpha .'&%#*# 9m $."#
!inimum +umber of Stages at nfinite Reflu( enske E6uation
:m
1.'1
!ol-ano* E%uation / D expF2 @ "1.132 3 G 22 @ &.#32 *."3H / D 2: : min3 G 2: @ 3 D 29 9min3 G 29 @ 3 or 9 D D
".* *.#"
:D /D
#'.*% *.1#
9+( D 0ifference
*.1# 2*.**3
)artial )ressure
Answer
Ethanol 0ifference &1&.$# 2*.**3 $"1.$% *.** 8.'8 2*.**3 *.**
t: sta,es for a methanol5ethanol le methanol in the feed! %8 mole istillate! an methanol in the flux ratio of ".*
Ii
.'&% .&& .&''
Antoine Constants A Ethyl Alcohol 7ater
B !"%#.% !&*.8
8. 8.*
Err-"*#
roblem Statement: Construct a McCabe5Thiele 0i water at atmosphere pressur from the Mar,ules model.
C ##'.# #$."
V)! mm +, /
*.** *.*$ *.*' *.* *." *.#* *.#8 *.1* *."* *.'* *.&* *.8* *.%* .**
Temp! de, C Ethyl Alcohol **.*% !'%%.*% %$.'" !$"".*1 8%.&8 !&&.## 8'.'* !*1'.1% 81.$* %"%.#& 8#.%1 %*.8$ 8.&# 8'%.** 8*.'" 8$$.18 &%.%% 8#.$1 &%.1 &%1.8 &8.%1 &&%.1" &8.'* &'%.$ &8.1* &'$.% &8.$* &'*.**
*.** *.#$ *.$" *.11 *." *."1 *."8 *.'# *.'" *.'% *.&" *.8# *.% .**
!olar Composition Ethyl Alcohol 7ater
Reflu( Ratio Feed, %
&ottoms *.*# *.%8
Mar,ules ;
7ater &'*.** '*.1# "#*.*# 1'*.1& 1#*.88 $%8.%1 $8*.*1 $'1.* $"1.18 $1'.$* $$%.'& $$".*$ $$#.$' $$*.%$
1.%'1 1.$1 $.&8 $.## #.'& #.#'8 .8#1 .1 .##* .*& .*1$ .*# .** .***
Feed *.1* *.'*
;# .*** .**# .**8 .*#$ .*"* .*8& .'1 .$#' .1%$ .'8* .8&# #.*1" #.&* #.#1
'istillate *.88 *.#
' *.%%%
Reference $ine (lope ?ntercept *.** .**
Stripping .** (lope *.** ?ntercept / *.** *.*# .** *.1*
Feed .8 (lope 2*.**3 ?ntercept / *.*# *.1* *.1& *.1*
%%%.** 2$%%.#*3 / *.1* *.1&
Rectific (lope ?ntercept *.88 *.1*
Step 'ata .
/ *.*# *.*# *." *." *.11 *.11
*.*# *.& *.& *."* *."* *.'$
!cCabe#Thiele 'iagram .** *.%*
*."% *."% *.'' *.'' *.&* *.&* *.&$ *.&$ *.&" *.&" *.&' *.&' *.&8 *.&8 *.&% *.&% *.8* *.8* *.8 *.8 *.8# *.8# *.8$ *.8$ *.81 *.81 *.81 *.81 *.8" *.8" *.8' *.8' *.8& *.8& *.8& *.8& *.88 *.88 *.8% *.8% *.%* *.%* *.% *.% *.%# *.%# *.%$ *.%$ *.%1 *.%1
*.'$ *.'% *.'% *.&# *.&# *.&" *.&" *.&& *.&& *.&8 *.&8 *.&% *.&% *.8* *.8* *.8 *.8 *.8# *.8# *.8$ *.8$ *.8$ *.8$ *.81 *.81 *.8" *.8" *.8" *.8" *.8' *.8' *.8& *.8& *.8& *.8& *.88 *.88 *.8% *.8% *.%* *.%* *.%* *.%* *.% *.% *.%# *.%# *.%$ *.%$ *.%1
. e s a h r o p a " , n o i t c a r F e l o !
*.&* *.'* *."* *.1* *.$* *.#* *.* *.** *.**
*.*
*.#*
*.$*
*.1*
*."*
*.'*
!ole Fraction, $i%uid ha
!cCabe#Thiele 'ia .**
*.%*
*.8*
e s a h r o p a " , n o i t c a r F e l o !
*.&*
*.'*
*."*
*.1*
*.$*
*.#*
*.*
*.** *.**
*.*
*.#*
*.$*
*.1*
*."*
*.'*
!ole Fraction, $i%uid hase
*.%" *.%" *.%& *.%& *.%8 *.%8 .** .** .*# .*# .*1 .*1 .*& .*& .*% .*% .# .# ." ." .8 .8
*.%1 *.%" *.%" *.%& *.%& *.%8 *.%8 .** .** .*# .*# .*1 .*1 .*' .*' .*% .*% . . .1 .1 .'
a,ram for a system of ethanol5 e! usin, Acti4ity coefficients
Mar,ules )arameters A# A# .'*##
*.&%1&
Mar,ules Model
4an aar )arameters A# A# .'&%8
*.%##&
4an aar Model
)artial )ressure Ethyl Alcohol *.** &".$8 #'&.*% $$'.' $81.$8 1$.*' 11*.&# 1&*.$% 1%".11 "#&.$# "'%.#8 '##.%8 '8&.8% &'*.**
7ater 0ifference &'*.** 2*.**3 "81.'# 2*.**3 1%#.% 2*.**3 1#$.81 *.** $&".'# *.** $1'.%1 *.** $%.#8 2*.**3 #8%.' *.** #'1."' 2*.**3 #$#.'8 2*.**3 %*.&# 2*.**3 $&.*# 2*.**3 &#. 2*.**3 *.** *.** 2*.**3
;
;#
;
;#
1.%'1 1.$1 $.&8 $.## #.'& #.#'8 .8#1 .1 .##* .*& .*1$ .*# .** .***
.*** .**# .**8 .*#$ .*"* .*8& .'1 .$#' .1%$ .'8* .8&# #.*1" #.&* #.#1
".$'1 1."*' $.8" $.%& #.'8 #.# .&8& .1*% .#$" .#8 .*'$ .*#" .**' .***
.*** .**$ .** .*#' .*"' .*%1 .&* .$#* .1'% .'$% .8$* #.*1 #.#&* #."'
!urphree Tray Efficiency: (e,ment Jri,in ation *.8' *.$ / *.88 *.1&
Step 9eboiler # $ 1 " ' & 8 % * # $ 1
. *.*# *." *.11 *."% *.'' *.&* *.&$ *.&" *.&' *.&8 *.&% *.8* *.8 *.8# *.8$
/ *.*# *.& *."* *.'$ *.'% *.&# *.&" *.&& *.&8 *.&% *.8* *.8 *.8# *.8$ *.8$
(e,ment # Jri,in . *.*# *." *.11 *."% *.'' *.&* *.&$ *.&" *.&' *.&8 *.&% *.8* *.8 *.8# *.8$
!urphree / *.& *."* *.'$ *.'% *.&# *.&" *.&& *.&8 *.&% *.8* *.8 *.8# *.8$ *.8$ *.81
*.&*
*.8*
*.%*
" ' & 8 % #* # ## #$ #1 #" #' #& #8 #% $* $ $# $$ $1 $" $' $& $8
.**
se
ram
9eference ine VE Cur4e (trippin, eed 9ectification Tray (teps Murphree V E
*.&*
*.8*
*.%*
.**
*.81 *.81 *.8" *.8' *.8& *.8& *.88 *.8% *.%* *.% *.%# *.%$ *.%1 *.%" *.%& *.%8 .** .*# .*1 .*& .*% .# ." .8
*.81 *.8" *.8" *.8' *.8& *.8& *.88 *.8% *.%* *.%* *.% *.%# *.%$ *.%1 *.%" *.%& *.%8 .** .*# .*1 .*' .*% . .1
*.81 *.81 *.8" *.8' *.8& *.8& *.88 *.8% *.%* *.% *.%# *.%$ *.%1 *.%" *.%& *.%8 .** .*# .*1 .*& .*% .# ." .8
*.8" *.8" *.8' *.8& *.8& *.88 *.8% *.%* *.%* *.% *.%# *.%$ *.%1 *.%" *.%& *.%8 .** .*# .*1 .*' .*% . .1 .'
Solution !odel :one Mar,ules 4an aar
# $
V)! mm +, "$E / *.& *."* *.'$ *.'% *.&# *.&" *.&& *.&8 *.&% *.8* *.8 *.8# *.8$ *.8$ *.81
Temp, deg C %".1# 81.$' 8*.$' &%.1& &%.$ &8.%" &8.81 &8.&' &8.& &8.'' &8.'$ &8.'* &8."8 &8."" &8."$
Ethyl 1lcohol !11$.* %'.$" 8#1.#& &%".&& &8".# &&%.&$ &&'.$' &&1.*' &&#.$& &&.*' &&*.** &'%.# &'8.$& &'&.& &'&.$
0ater '1.88 1#.8# $"%.8" $1&.*# $1#.#' $$%.8* $$8.#8 $$&.#" $$'.1% $$".%* $$".1# $$".*$ $$1.'% $$1.$% $$1.$
Mar,ules
)artial )ressure
2
24
1."' #.'8& .$#* ." .*'" .*11 .*$$ .*#' .*# .*& .*" .*# .* .**% .**8
.** .*1% .$%# .''# .&% .8'8 .%% .%"' .%8" #.**% #.*#8 #.*1" #.*'* #.*&$ #.*8"
Ethyl 1lcohol $*.$" $8$.% 18*.#" "#$.%# ""*. "'8.#$ "8.8% "%#.8 '*.% '*%.&" ''.&* '#$.** '#8.8# '$1.#% '$%."
0ater '#%.'" $&'.8 #&%.&" #$'.*8 #*%.8% %.&& &8. '&.% "8.*% "*.#" 1$.$* $&.** $.8 #".& #*.1%
'ifference 2*.**3 *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.**
*.8" *.8" *.8' *.8& *.8& *.88 *.8% *.%* *.%* *.% *.%# *.%$ *.%1 *.%" *.%& *.%8 .** .*# .*1 .*' .*% . .1 .'
&8."# &8."* &8.1% &8.1& &8.1' &8.11 &8.1$ &8.1# &8.1 &8.$% &8.$8 &8.$& &8.$' &8.$1 &8.$$ &8.$ &8.$* &8.#8 &8.#' &8.#$ &8.% &8." &8.* &8.*1
&''.'* &''. &'".'" &'".## &'1.8* &'1.1 &'1.*# &'$.'1 &'$.#' &'#.8% &'#." &'#.$ &'.&" &'.$" &'*.%$ &'*.18 &'*.** &"%.11 &"8.&8 &"&.%" &"'.8% &""."" &"$.%' &"#.#'
$$$.8% $$$.'& $$$.1' $$$.#& $$$.*8 $$#.% $$#.&$ $$#."' $$#.$% $$#.## $$#.*' $$.88 $$.& $$."$ $$.$1 $$.1 $$*.%# $$*.'& $$*.$8 $$*.** $#%."$ $#8.%$ $#8.# $#&.1"
.**& .**' .**" .**1 .**1 .**$ .**$ .**# .**# .** .** .** .*** .*** .*** .*** .*** .*** .*** *.%%% *.%%% *.%%& * .%%1 * .%%*
#.*%' #.*' #.' #.#" #.$1 #.1$ #." #.'* #.'8 #.&' #.81 #.% #.%8 #.#*" #.#* #.#$ #.#1 #.#* #.#* #.81 #."8 #.#* #.*&$ #.*#*
'11."& '1%."$ '"1.1& '"%.1$ ''1.1& ''%.'" '&".*$ '8*.'8 '8'.'& '%$.*8 &**.* &*&."& &".%* &#".1 &$".1' &1&.*" &'*.*% &&1.&# &%*.%8 8*8.&* 8#&.$& 81'.*& 8'$.18 8&8.#8
".1$ *.1& *"."$ **."8 %"."$ %*.$" 81.%& &%.$# &$.$$ ''.%# "%.%% "#.1$ 11.* $1.8' #1."1 #.%" 2*.*%3 21. 2$*.%83 218.&*3 2'&.$&3 28'.*&3 2*$.183 28.#83
*.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.** *.**
'ifference Total $!%'.%*
roblem Statement: 0etermine a column pressure that fits within a4ailable steam and coolin, water temperatures
A i,ht +ea4y
n5)entane n5Jctane 7ater
) (team )ressure M) (team )ressure +) (team )ressure Tower 7ater Temp. Chilled 7ater Temp. 9eboiler approach Condenser approach
Antoine Constants B '.8 !*"%.* '.% !$&.* 8.* !&*.8
)ressure " "
bar 2,au,e3 bar 2,au,e3 bar 2,au,e3
C #$.1 #*"." #$."
Temperature # "% #*# $* " " *
Err-"*# Bottoms
*.*" *.*" *.*"
to operate this column at close to ic pressure 2&'* mm +,3! choose team for the reboiler! and tower e condenser.
C C C C C C C
V)! mm +, / *.$8 *.$ *.#"
Bubble )oint Temp! de, C *".& 11.$ 8'.&
Maximum )ressure '"#.$ !&*$.8 1!*#*.#
/ *.%" *.%"
0ew )oint Temp! de, C 1*.* ".*
Minimum )ressure $&*." *8.1
Err-"*#
0istillate
)ressure! mm +, Maximum Minimum '"#.$ !&*$.8 1!*#*.# $&*." *8.1
n5)entane 1!%%$.1 *!1%$.*8 #*!#"#.$8
n5Jctane 1#$.&8 !#1.& $!'".81
V)! mm +, n5)entane 8''.$$ $18.#8
9esults
)artial )ressure n5)entane #1%.'' "#1.'" !*#.'#
n5Jctane 0ifference 1*#."% *.** !&%.# *.** $!**&."" *.**
yG)K
n5Jctane n5)entane $.#* *.***%'"8 &.'% *.**#&#&&*
n5Jctane 0ifference *.** *.** *.* *.**
Therefore! atmospheri M) or +) water for th
to operate this column at close to ic pressure 2&'* mm +,3! choose team for the reboiler! and tower e condenser.
Methyl Alcohol 7ater Methane Ethane )ropane Toluene Acetic Acid ?sobutane n5Butane ?sopentane n5)entane n5+exane
Antoine Coefficients A B 8.*8*%& "8#.#& 8.*$"#&'% &*.&8"8& '.'8#%18 $8%.%#'%"8 '.8*#'"818 '"'.1*$'' '.%"%'%%& 8"&.&$'#* &.*"#8#8'' $%&.%& &.1%*11%%% '*1.'"%# '.&18*% 88#.8*$1## '.%'8#*%'' ***.'$%$" '.&8%'&$*& *#*.*11# '.8$%*#%%8 *"%.*''8 ' &'*%8$'& # "'*8
Mol 7t C M7 #$%.&#' $#.*1# #$.1''&1% 8.*" #'".%% '.*1$ #"".%% $*.*& #"#.118' 11.*%& ##1.#%&1 %#.1 ##%.%*#&* '*.*"# #1* "8.#1 #1".$*%"8 "8.#1 #$$. &#." #$.118%"% &#." #8 *#%%*8 8' &8
