Environ nvi ronmental mental Standa Standards rds Environ nvi ronmenta mentall Noise
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia National Environmental Standard Environmental Noise
Art ic le I – Pr eli mi nar y 1)
Definitions
‘L Aeq,T ’ Equivalent continuous A-weighted sound level. It is the constant sound level level that, in a given situation and time period (T), conveys the same sound energy as the actual time-varying A-weighted sound.
‘ambient noise’ noise’ A totally encompassing sound in a given situation at a given time usually composed of sounds from near and far.
“ L Amax ’ Maximum A-weighted sound level for a given time interval or event.
‘BAT’ Best available techniques.
‘level’ ‘level’ describes the magnitude of the sound in its physical dimension, whether or not there are humans there to hear it.
‘community noise’ noise emitted from all sources except noise at the industrial workplace. ‘construction noise’ noise’ refers to noise emitted from building, demolition, refurbishment or directly associated activities. ‘day’ refers to the time period between 07.00 and 19.00 hours. ‘decibel’ Conventional Unit for measurement of noise (dB). Decibels are measured on a logarithmic logarithmic scale as a result decibel levels do not add and subtract arithmetically. An increase or decrease of 3 dB in the level of a steady noise is about the smallest that is noticeable. It represents a doubling doubling or halving of noise energy. energy. An increase or decrease of 10 10 dB represents a ten-fold change in noise energy, and is perceived as a doubling or halving of loudness. ‘dose’ is the total (accumulated) exposure over a period of time. ‘evening’, refers to the time period between 19.00 and 23.00 hours. ‘environmental noise’ noise’ Outdoor sound created by human activity.
‘night’ refers to the tim e period between 23.00 and 07.00 hours. ‘noise’ ‘noise’ means vibration of a frequency within the range of 0-20,000 Hertz. ‘noise sensitive façade’ The façade of any noise sensitive property that is normally occupied during the relevant time period of “day”, “evening” or “night” and which includes a window and/or door to a habitable room. ‘noise sensitive open space’ Any area of open land designated as public gardens or recreational space or within the boundary of a premises that is used for recreational or educational purposes, including residential garden space. ‘noise sensitive property’ property’ Any occupied premises outside the noise emitting premises used as a dwelling (including gardens), place of worship, educational establishment, hospital or similar institution, or any other property likely to be adversely affected by an increase in noise level. Due consideration should be given to national parks, areas of outstanding natural beauty or other outdoor spaces where members of the public might reasonably expect quiet enjoyment of the area.
‘exceptional ‘exceptional circumstances’ refers either to natural events and phenomena, or unique or unusual operating conditions that make compliance impracticable.
‘noise emitting premises’ Premises from which the noise is emitted.
‘exposure’ sound levels which are transmitted to the human ear.
‘operator’ Refers to any site or facility subject to environmental controls under the General Environmental Regulations.
‘habitable room’ room’ areas within a dwelling house where the majority of time is spent, such that they are sensitive with respect to noise i.e. bedrooms, living rooms and dining rooms.
‘peak sound pressure’ Maximum pressure’ Maximum absolute value of the frequency weighted instantaneous sound pressure that occurs during a specified time period.
‘impulse sound’ Single sound’ Single short burst or series of short bursts of sound pressure. ‘industrial premises’ refers premises’ refers to any site or facility that extracts, manufactures, stores or processes any product or substance.
‘PME’ ‘PME’ refers to the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment who are designated as the responsible agency for the protection of the environment and the development of environmental protection standards in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. “receiver height” Distance between the receiver and the local ground level.
basis of collective knowledge about the effects of noise on human health and well-being. The limits must also take full appreciation of relevant social and economic factors, technological options, equity, enforceability and the cultural climate.
“ reference time interval (T)” The time interval to which the rating of the sound is referred. “residual noise” The ambient noise remaining at a given position in a given situation when the specific noise is absent. “Competent Agency” is the appointed body that will regulate and enforce these environmental standards.
4)
a) This standard relates to the following types of environmental noise:
“Significant noise emitting premises” Premises from which the difference between the emitted noise and the ambient noise level at that location is 10dB(A) or more. “source height” Distance between the source and the local ground level. “sound power” The sound energy radiated per unit time by a sound source. “specific noise source” Refers to the noise emitting party / structure that is under investigation.
5) Citation a) This document may be cited as the General Environmental Standard for Noise. This standard revises the current General Standards for the Environment (specifically document number 140901) issued by the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment (PME). 3)
Timescales for implementation a) The effective date of this standard is 01/05/1433H corresponds to 24/03/2012G.
3)
Purpose a) The purpose of the General Environmental Standard for Noise.is to provide a basis for statutory control to restrict and reduce the nuisance caused by environmental noise. The framework does not address the issue of occupational noise which falls under the jurisdiction of National Health and Safety Law. b) People may respond differently to the same level of noise. However, above certain levels, noise can adversely affect the lives of many people. It can lead to hearing loss and mental stress and irritation. It can also interfere with daily activities such as studying, watching television, talking on the telephone, resting and sleeping. c) Noise limits are set by the responsible and competent authorities (in this case PME) on the
i)
community noise;
ii)
noise from industrial units in areas set aside primarily for industrial facilities;
iii)
noise from construction activities;
iv)
noise from vehicles (including motorised vessels and recreational craft); and
v)
noise from equipment used outdoors.
b) The standard does not extend to noise from public transportation, including highways, railways and noise from commercial and private aircraft, including helicopters, both in flight and operating on the ground.
“specific noise level” The equivalent continuous Aweighted sound pressure level at the assessment position produced by the specific noise source over a given reference time interval.
2)
Scope
Exemptions a) Exemptions may apply in circumstances where the enforcement of this standard is impractical and/or inappropriate. Exemption in specified areas may be made for, but not restricted to, the activities specified in table 1. The Competent Agency will determine where these exemptions apply and which activities beyond this list are included. Table 1 – Exempt activit ies Ac ti vi ty Call to prayer Military activities Airports, commercial and private aircraft, including helicopters, both in flight and operating on the ground Public railways and railroad freight terminals Commercial port activity Expressways
Exem pt io n applies At all times At all times At all times
At all times
During operational activities At all times
b) With respect to events taking place at stadia (e.g. sports) and festivals, the Competent Agency will take account of the frequency of the events and how disturbing they will be. The enjoyment of the particular participants will be balanced against the
nuisance caused to other people and, depending on local circumstance and public opinion, noise emission levels may be set. These may include a limit on the hours of use and the control of noise emissions (including public address systems) during unsocial hours.
6)
9)
a) A right of appeal exists for any organisation or individual who is required to take action as a consequence of the implementation of the standard. b) The right of appeal against conviction or sentence is available through the appropriate judicial system as set out in the General Environmental Regulations.
Powers of Authority
c) Appeals with respect to abatement notices must be lodged with the Designated Agency for appeals as specified in the General Environmental Regulations.
a) This standard enables the issue of regulations and technical memoranda which are enforceable by the Competent Agency who hold delegated authority under the General Environmental Regulations. The standard includes provision for the exemption of certain nationalised or religious activities (see part III, 1.4). b) There may be some requirement at a future date to adjust the standards included to recognise specific local conditions and or improved understanding of the effects of noise.
d) All appeals should be fully supported with a documented case containing as a minimum, the information required under the appeals process of the General Environmental Regulations.
10)
c) The Competent Agency or appointed individual for the purpose of this noise standard may:
iii) at any reasonable time require any relevant party to supply him with copies of, or of extracts from, any records kept for the purpose of demonstrating compliance with the environmental noise standards.
7)
Enforcement procedur es a) Failure to comply with the requirements of these standards may lead to prosecution by the Competent Agency and those convicted of such failure may be subject to fines or periods of imprisonment as laid out in the General Environmental Regulations. b) It is anticipated that the requirements of this standard will be enforced nationally with inspections taking place to verify their implementation at a regional and local level.
8)
Penalty fines a) Maximum fines that may be imposed for exceeding the applicable standard, breach of permit and failure to comply with an abatement notice are set out in the General Environmental Regulations.
Periodic review a) There may be some requirement at a future date to adjust the standards included to recognise specific local conditions and or improved understanding of the effects of noise.
i) Enter any premises for the purpose of carrying out any investigation. ii) carry out such inspections, measurements and tests on premises entered, articles or records found on any such premises, and take away such samples of ambient air or articles, as may be considered appropriate for the purpose of enabling such investigation; or
Appeals
b) As a minimum, PME shall undertake a periodic review of this standard every 5 years.
Ar ti cl e II – Gener al p ro vi si on s
1)
Units of measurement a) Sound waves are very small fluctuations in the atmospheric pressure. Conventionally, in environmental acoustics these are measured as the root mean square pressure over a time interval of 0.5s (slow response), 0.1s (fast response) with units -2 of pascals (Pa) (i.e. Nm ). In order to express the vast range of pressures representing human hearing sensitivity, the practice is to use the decibel (dB). This is the logarithmic ratio of the measured value to a standard value, the reference sound pressure usually expressed as 20 Pa. The word “level” is added to sound pressure denoting that the quantity has a certain level above a predefined reference value. Throughout this standard all sound pressure levels are expressed in decibels. b) It is general practice to measure the sound level with a meter that incorporates an internationally standardised weighting filter that approximates to this characteristic. The specified frequency weighing used throughout this standard is the A-weighting; an Aweighted sound level is expressed in dB(A). c) For the purpose of this standard, the following condition applies regarding the rounding of results and figures in the unit dB. The convention applied to this standard is that all measured or calculated numbers are rounded up to the nearest whole number
if 0.5 dB or above and rounded down if it is below 0.5 dB.
levels can then be drawn where necessary by interpolation between the points.
d) The L Amax is a maximum sound level that should not be exceeded at any time. This restriction is included to protect against adverse health effects, annoyance and nuisance from loud single event or intermittent noises.
2)
iii)
The need to include all locations which categorize the noise from various specific noise sources to facilitate the calculation of noise levels elsewhere in the area based on the principles of the outdoor propagation of sound.
d) With the exception of Article VI, the minimum reference time period for measurements should be 1 hour and should, in any case, be sufficient to be representative of the source under assessment. e) For free-field noise levels, measurements must be undertaken at between 1.2 m and 1.5 m above ground level and, if practicable, at least 3.5 m from any walls, buildings or other reflecting surfaces. The height and location of the microphone should be stated in all reports.
Calibration procedur e a) An acoustic calibrator or pistonphone conforming to Class 1 or better of BS 7189:1989 or either Class 1 or 2 of IEC 60942 should be applied to the microphone to test the sensitivity of the measuring equipment before and after each measurement. Records of these tests must be retained by the equipment operator and produced when required.
f) In cases where outdoor noise level measurements are neither practicable nor relevant, indoor measurements must be made. The measurements must be made with windows open, unless the windows are permanently fixed closed, and at a distance of at least 1 m from the walls, 1.5 m from the windows and between 1.2 m and 1.5 m above the floor. In such cases care should be taken to differentiate between ambient indoor noise levels attributable to sources such as air conditioning, and the noise source under consideration.
b) In addition to the field tests in 1.4a more comprehensive calibration tests are required, at planned time intervals, with regard to the performance of the instrumentation. A suitably accredited calibration laboratory should undertake these tests. The minimum period is once every two years for each sound level meter system and annually for calibrators and pistonphones.
g) For all noise measurements the axis of maximum sensitivity of the microphone must be directed towards the noise source.
c) Records of the calibration programme for instrumentation and relevant calibration certificates issued by a certified calibration laboratory may be requested by the Competent Agency.
4)
The need to represent the average level of a specified area taking into account topographical and local shielding from buildings, structures and vegetation.
Instrumentation a) Noise levels shall be measured using an integrating averaging sound level meter or equivalent system confirming to BS EN 60804:1994 or ANSI Standard S1.4-1983 or ANSI S1.43-1997 (R1997), "Specifications for Sound Level Meters," Type 2 or better, or for newer instruments, IEC 61672-1:2002 (BS EN 61672-1:2003), Class 1 or 2.
3)
ii)
h) Non-steady noise: Where the noise is non-steady in nature, a longer sample period will be required to reflect all significant variations in the noise source.
Measurement procedur es i) The level of the noise under assessment should be determined by measurement. If this is not practicable, for example where the source is not yet in operation, predictions may be undertaken. In such cases the method of calculation must be reported for approval and the reason for using calculations must be stated.
a) The measurement of A-weighted continuous equivalent sound pressure levels (L Aeq,T) and maximum sound levels (L Amax) shall be carried out at locations representative of the most exposed noise sensitive property or noise sensitive open space. b) The location and number of measurement positions will depend on the required spatial resolution for the environment under consideration. c) The measurement positions shall be chosen (and recorded on a map or suitable plan) bearing in mind the following: i)
Measurements should be taken at a number of locations considered representative of the areas under consideration. Contours of equal noise
5)
Informati on to be recorded a) The following information should be recorded for audit and reporting purposes: i)
the date, time, address location of the measurements and the operator undertaking them;
ii)
the type of instrumentation including the serial numbers of all elements of the measurement system and the calibrator used, the measurement procedure and any calculation used;
iii)
the settings of the sound level meter including the dynamic range, slow or fast response, etc;
iv)
a description of the measurement location including details of the nature of the ground between source and measurement position, i.e. acoustically hard or soft ground, if appropriate, the nature and form of any barriers between source and receiver, and the character of the ambient noise, including the identification of any significant noise sources other than the specific noise source under investigation;
v)
a description of the time aspect of the measurements. i.e. the reference and measurement time intervals, including details of sampling, if used;
vi)
measurement positions including microphone height above ground and distance from reflective surfaces if less than 3.5 m;
precipitation; wind speed and direction; presence of conditions likely to lead to temperature inversion (i.e. clam nights with little cloud cover); relative humidity; and variability and character of emission noise sources.
wind direction within an angle of 45º of the direction connecting the dominant sound source and the centre of the specified measurement area;
iii)
the wind direction is from the specific noise source towards the noise receiver;
iv)
there should be no strong temperature inversions near to the ground; and
v)
there should precipitation.
be
no
significant
b) Where measurement in such conditions is unavoidable, details of the adverse conditions should be recorded for information and additional measurements may need to be undertaken as appropriate. c) Where monitoring in difficult conditions is unavoidable, the Competent Agency must consider the impacts of these conditions upon the ability of the operator to comply with this standard. ,Compliance does however remain at the discretion of the Competent Agency. d) For all measurements the microphone must be fitted with a wind shield as recommended to be appropriate by the manufacturer/supplier. Noise from wind acting directly on the microphone or on nearby structures or vegetation should not be permitted to interfere with the measurements.
vii) where appropriate, a description of the sound propagation model used; and viii) the following conditions during the measurements should be described qualitatively and quantitatively where appropriate:
ii)
7)
Permitting a) In circumstances where a facility, site or premises can provide substantive evidence that the prescribed noise limits are not practicable, a permit may be issued that allows the parameters within this standard to be temporarily exceeded.
b) The permit application form in Appendix C must be completed in full and submitted to the Competent Agency within 60 days of the date of implementation.
b) The Competent Agency for environmental protection will undertake regular inspections of facilities to enforce the standards set out by this document.
6)
Measurement condi tion s a) Where possible maximum effort should be exercised in monitoring noise levels during meteorological conditions that are approximately consistent with the following: i)
wind speed between 1 and 5 meters per second measured at a height of 3 to 11 meters above the ground;
c) The Competent Agency may seek to externally verify any evidence provided within the application form. d) The Competent Agency will assess each application and issue a response on a case by case basis. e) Where rejected, the facility must meet the requirements of this standard or risk penalties as detailed in Article I. f) Where, accepted, a permit will be issued that may impose operating conditions, revised emission limits and a time-bound improvement schedule.
8)
Noise abatement notic es
(including hostels and hotels) and may range from sparse population densities to suburban districts of cities.
a) Where the competent body is of the opinion that the level of noise recorded from a facility is excessive, it may issue a noise abatement notice. Such a notice will detail required abatement actions and may include the carrying out of works, which must be undertaken to reduce the noise levels.
C = Non-sensitive – This designation applies to mixed areas, often within cities where there is a mix of residential and commercial activities. This designation will also apply to retail and financial districts.
b) Abatement notices will be based on both physical and subjective assessments of the noise levels. The responsible authority may issue an abatement notice in circumstances where the level of noise does not exceed this standard.
Table 2. Permitted free-field external noise limits for community noise, measured at any noise sensitive property within the appropriate area designation
c) The requirements of an abatement notice may be variable in terms of timescales and specification. As a minimum, these requirements will be specified within the notice and must be fully complied with by the operator.
Designation A B C
Day L Aeq, T(dB) 50 55 60
Evening L Aeq, T (dB) 45 50 55
Night L Aeq, T (dB) 40 45 50
Art ic le IV – Co mm un it y No is e
1)
b) For a single noise emitting premises the noise levels in Table 2 shall pertain. In instances where there are two separate noise emitting premises the limits in Table 2 shall be reduced by 3dB (A) for each individual premises. For areas where there are more than two noise emitting premises the limits applied to each individual premises in Table 2 shall be reduced by 5 dB(A).
Definition a) Community noise is defined as noise emitted from all sources except noise at the industrial workplace. It includes sources such as commercial premises (including restaurants, cafes and evening venues), ventilation systems, neighbours, sports events, transportation and light manufacturing processes in residential areas.
c) Further to the permitted noise limits specified within Table 2 and in order to achieve a reasonable standard within habitable rooms at night, individual noise events during the night-time period (measured with the fast time-weighting) should not exceed 60dB L Amax at the nearest noise sensitive property.
b) For the purpose of this standard transportation sources are not included. Furthermore, for areas which are predominantly industrial in nature, for construction sites, (where an EIA has been required for the development) for motor vehicles and for equipment used outdoors, specific criteria are specified in Articles V and VI.
2)
d) The noise level of an alleged excessive specific noise source must be measured at the closest boundary of the nearest noise sensitive property or noise sensitive open space. Where the most exposed façade is representative of the relevant boundary the measurements must be taken at a distance of 1m. Where a noise is alleged to be excessive the measurement should be made at a representative time of day. All relevant details of the measurement should be recorded and retained.
Permitted nois e limit s a) The standards displayed in Table 2 are to be applied with regard to the level of free-field external noise, from noise emitting premises that is permitted in each of the area designations, A – C. Each designation has a different permissible level to accommodate the variable levels of sensitivity and development / density pressure. A = Sensitive – These areas are designated quiet areas as they hold value in terms of them being places of worship, important tourist attractions, recreational park land and those areas surrounding hospitals, schools and noise sensitive natural habitats. B = Mixed – Areas designated in this category will typically be dominated by residential properties
3)
Noise sensit ive properti es adjoinin g the premises at which the source is sit uated a) Where a noise sensitive property physically adjoins the premises at which the noise source is situated or has a blank wall facing the source, noise from any industrial or commercial source or from mechanical plant shall be at least 10dB(A) below the appropriate limit in Table 2. b) The sound level measurement shall be representative of the sound distribution within the habitable room of the noise sensitive property. The microphone shall be rotated in a sweeping motion
from a single axis. The rotation radius should be at least 0.7m and the plane of the traverse shall be inclined in order to cover a large proportion of the space. At no point should the microphone lie within 1m of a wall, floor or ceiling and the duration of the rotation shall be for not less t han 15 seconds. c) Should other noise sources be audible within the room i.e. air conditioning, the aim should be for the residual noise level to be at least 10 dB(A) lower than the specific noise level. In cases where the difference is less than 10 dB(A) the specific noise level should be derived by logarithmic subtraction of the residual noise level from the measured total noise level with the source operating. d) Where a short term project may breach the attached standards i.e. during maintenance, repair, renovation, etc. the competent body must be approached in order to acquire a temporary permit which will be subject to conditions at the discretion of that competent body. Art ic le V – Noi se fr om in du st ri al un it s in areas set asi de primarily for industr ial facilities.
1)
Permitted noise limit s a) An occupier of industrial premises must not cause or permit excessive noise to be emitted from the premises. b) Noise emitted from industrial premises is considered excessive if the specific noise level at the nearest noise sensitive property or noise sensitive open space, exceeds the maximum permissible noise level for that time of day and the area in which the premises are situated. c) Industrial premises are split into four categories that must be determined by the operator but at the discretion of the Competent Agency: A1 – Retail refers to areas that are entirely dominated by retail, dining and recreational properties. A2 – Warehousing refers to areas where units predominantly store products or goods for distribution and there are no or very limited process activities. A3 – Light industrial refers to those areas which may be mixed with or adjacent to residential properties where minor manufacturing processes take place. A4 – Medium density industrial areas are those when a range of manufacturing processes including combustion take place on small to medium size sites and there is an absence of residential properties. A5 – High density industrial refers to designated industrial cities and industrial complexes where large scale manufacturing, refining and petrochemical processes exist. Cement manufacture is specifically included. d) Permitted noise limits are contained in Table 3.
Table 3 Maximum permissible free-field noise levels Site
A1 – Retail A2 – Warehousing A3 – Light industrial (in residential areas) A4 – Medium density industry A5 – High density industry
Daytime L Aeq,T (dB) 55 55
Evening L Aeq, T (dB) 50 50
Night time L Aeq, T (dB) 45 45
55
50
45
65
60
50
75
65
55
e) For a single noise emitting premises the noise levels in Table 3 shall pertain. For industrial/ commercial areas with occupation (actual or planned) by two separate significant noise emitting premises the limits in Table 3 shall be Permitted reducednoise by 3dB limits (A) for e individual premises. For areas where more than two industrial/ commercial premises exist or are planned the limits in Table 3 shall each be reduced by 5 dB(A) for individual premises. f) Further to the permitted noise limits specified within Table 3 and in order to achieve a reasonable standard within habitable rooms at night, individual noise events during the night-time period (measured with the fast time-weighting) should not exceed 70dB L Amax at the façade of the nearest noise sensitive property. g) In situations where general environmental noise is high (e.g. as a result of noise from extraneous sources, such as occasional passing cars), and when the noise being investigated is steady in nature, the specific noise may be assessed by measurement of the L A90,T background noise. For the specific noise to be suitable for assessment using the L A90,T, it must be a constant and steady noise with no variation over the time period being assessed (i.e. day, evening or night). In such a case the measured L A90,T specific noise may be considered to be equivalent to the L Aeq,T and the assessment made on the basis that it is so. That a measured L A90,T has been used rather than a measured L Aeq,T must be noted in the measurement and assessment records (Art. II, (5)). h) Where the industrial noise operates continuously, such that it is not possible to measure the ambient noise level in the absence of the source, ambient noise measurements should be undertaken at a representative location which is not influenced the industrial noise source under consideration. In such cases the reason for assuming that the location is representative should be noted. i) For sensitive properties adjoining the premises at which the source is located (Art IV, (3)).
Table 4 General Constr ucti on maximum permissible facade noise limits
Art ic le VI – No is e fr om co ns tr uc ti on act iv it ies
1)
Ar ea classification
Basic conditions a) Construction activities contribute significantly to noise disturbance particularly through activities such as percussive piling, the general use of heavy machinery on site and heavy traffic both on and off site. Close proximity to residential areas and other sensitive receptors during some construction projects results in a significant risk of major disturbance. Construction activities in certain areas must therefore be controlled carefully. b) The general noise emission limits for permissible construction noise levels at sites where an EIA has been required are set out in Table 4. These levels represent the maximum values that are acceptable during construction activities in the designated areas A – D. c) Where, through the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process for a project, it has been predicted that the limits in Table 4 are likely t o be breached a construction noise permit will be required.
A, B, C D
3)
A = Quiet areas – These areas are designated quiet areas as they hold value in terms of them being places of worship, important tourist attractions, recreational park land and those areas surrounding hospitals, schools and noise sensitive natural habitats. B = Sensitive – Areas designated in this category will typically be dominated by residential properties (including hostels and hotels) and may range from sparse population densities to suburban districts of cities. C = Mixed – This designation applies to mixed areas, often within cities where there is a mix of residential and commercial activities. This designation will also apply to retail and financial districts. D = Non-sensitive – The final classification of district is a predominantly industrial area where there are few residential properties and commercial premises. This classification also applies to industrial cities and land that is generally unpopulated.
Night-time L Aeq,12h (dB) 5m 45 80
a) In circumstances where the occupier of a premises, or anyone undertaking work there, either directly or indirectly on behalf of the occupier, becomes aware of the need for a temporary dispensation from any of the noise limits required by this standard they may apply to the Competent Agency for consent. Such an application must be made in writing at least 14 days prior to the date from which the dispensation is required. Sufficient information must be provided at the time of the application detailing:
Permissibl e noise levels a) Receptors are classified as follows:
Evening L Aeq,12h (dB) 5m 65 80
Dispensations
d) Where in the opinion of the Competent Agency, a project is deemed to provide significant social benefit and where the application of these construction noise standards will cause excessive cost or disruption to the realisation of that social benefit, the Competent Authority may issue a conditional exemption permit which displays due consideration to these factors for permanent or temporary construction activities.
2)
Daytime L Aeq,12h (dB) 5m 75 80
i)
a description of the works for which it is required;
ii)
the necessity for the dispensation;
iii)
it’s timing and duration;
iv)
the methods to be employed for minimising noise during the period of the dispensation; and
v)
the contact details for the occupiers controller of the work (relevant at all times for the periods during which the work is to take place).
b) Where any of the specified information is missing or inadequate, the Competent Agency may seek such further information as it may reasonably require to determine the application and will not be obliged to permit the dispensation by the date sought in the application. c) In case of a breach of the noise limits in this standard arising from an unforeseen emergency that risked injury or physical damage to persons or plant, the circumstances of the incident must be reported to the Competent Agency retrospectively. Such notification must be in writing and submitted to the Competent Agency within 24 hours of the occurrence of the incident. The following details must be provided with the notification: i)
the emergency that resulted in a breach of the noise limits;
ii)
the date, timing occurrence;
iii)
the steps taken to prevent a recurrence; and
and
duration
of
its
iv)
the contact details for controller of the work.
the
occupiers
3.5 tonnes, engine power ≥320kW a) If the vehicle is equipped with a compression ignition and direct injection internal combustion engine, the limits shall be increased by 1dB(A).
Art ic le VII – Noi se f ro m v ehi cl es 1)
General provi sions
b) For vehicles design for off-road use with a maximum authorised mass greater than 2 tonnes, the limits shall be increased by 1dB(A) if the vehicle is equipped with an engine having a power of less than 150kW, or by 2 dB(A) if the vehicle is equipped with an engine having a power of 150kW or above.
a) Mobile noise sources, particularly motorcycles and vehicles, are significant contributors to ambient noise levels and environmental noise problems. The appropriate silencing of motorcycles and vehicles represents the key method by which this problem can be addressed. b) This schedule applies to all vehicles with a date of manufacture on or after DD/MM/YY.
Table 6 Maximum permissible noise levels for motorcycles
c) The maximum permissible noise levels for motorcycles and vehicles are set out below in tables 5 and 6 respectively. These limits represent the maximum levels of noise that are acceptable from the defined classification of motorcycles and vehicles. d) There are two assessment methods both of which should be applied to each individual motorcycle or vehicle: the moving noise level and the stationary noise level. See methods in Schedules 4 and 5 respectively. 2)
Maximum permiss ible levels
Table 5 Maximum permissible instantaneous noise levels fo r vehicles Vehicle type
Vehicle Sub-type
≤9
Vehicles used for the carriage of passengers
Vehicles used for the carriage of goods
seats ≤ 9 seats, max. authorised mass >3.5 tonnes, engine power <150kW >9 seats, max. authorised mass >3.5 tonnes, 150kW ≤ engine power <320 kW > 9 seats, max. authorised mass >3.5 tonnes , engine power ≥320kW max. authorised mass < 2 tonnes 2 tonnes < max. authorised mass ≤3.5 tonnes
max. authorised mass >3.5 tonnes, engine power < 75kW Vehicles max. authorised mass > used for 3.5 tonnes, 75kW ≤ engine the power <150kW transport of max. authorised mass > goods 3.5 tonnes, 150kW ≤ engine power < 320kW max. authorised mass >
Limit Value dB(A) a, 74 a,b
78
a,b
80
a,b
83
76
Engine Cylinder Capacity (cc) 3
cc ≤ 80cm 80cm < cc ≤ 175cm 3 cc ≥ 175 cm 3)
Limit Value dB(A) 75 77 80
General measurement provi sions a) Measurements shall be made on unloaded vehicles in a sufficiently silent and open area (ambient noise and wind noise at least 10 dB(A) below the noise being measured). b) For all tests the relevant motorcycle/vehicle must be unladen and, except in the case of non-separable vehicles, without trailer or semi trailer. For vehicles, if the vehicle is fitted with more than two-wheel drive, it shall be tested in the drive which is intended for normal road use and for motorcycles having more than one driven wheel, only the drive provided for normal road operation may be used. c) For all tests the test area shall be dry, practically level and surfaced with concrete, asphalt or a similar material. d) For all tests the measurements shall be considered valid if the difference between two consecutive measurements on the same side of the motorcycle/vehicle does not exceed 2 dB(A). The maximum figure recorded shall constitute the result of the measurement.
4) Measurement Procedure – Moving vehicle/moto rcyc le 77
77
78
80 83
a) The measurement area shall take the form of an open space of 50 meter radius for vehicles and a 25m radius for motorcycles. The central part of the open space should have a radius of at least 20 meters. b) No person other than the observer taking the readings from the apparatus and the driver/rider may remain near the vehicle or the microphone, as the presence of spectators near either the vehicle or the microphone may considerably affect the measurement results.
j) The motorcycle/vehicle shall approach line AA" at a steady speed corresponding to the lowest of the following three speeds:
c) The results of any measurements that appear to have been influenced by extraneous noise unrelated to the vehicle under test shall be rejected.
i) d) At least two measurements shall be made on each side of the motorcycle/vehicle in motion and preliminary measurements may be made for adjustment purposes but the results shall be disregarded.
ii)
iii) e) The microphone shall be situated 1.2 meters above ground level at a distance of 7.5 meters from the path of the motorcycle/vehicle's centre line, CC, measured along the perpendicular PP" to that line. The axis of maximum sensitivity of the microphone shall be located horizontally and perpendicular to the path of the motorcycle/vehicle.
5) Measurement Procedure - Stationary Motorcy cle/ vehicle a) For stationary motorcycles/vehicles the test site shall take the form of an open space where a rectangle with no sides closer than 3m from the extremities of the motorcycle/vehicle can be described.
f) Two lines AA" and BB", parallel to line PP" and situated respectively 10 meters forward and 10 meters rearward of that line, shall be marked out on the test track. Vehicles shall approach line AA" at a steady speed, as specified below. The throttle shall then be fully-opened as rapidly as practicable and held in the fully-opened position while the motorcycle travels along the line CC” until the rear of the vehicle crosses line BB"; the throttle shall then be closed again as rapidly as possible.
b) The microphone must be located at a height equivalent to that of the outlet pipe of the exhaust and pointed towards the orifice of the gas flow at a distance of 0.5m. The axis of maximum sensitivity should be at an angle of 45°. Where the vehicle/motorcycle has more than one exhaust the microphone position should be related to either the outlet nearest to the extreme edge of the vehicle of the highest outlet.
g) The measurement results should refer the maximum sound level, expressed in dB(A), measured as the motorcycle/vehicle travels along the line CC” and between the lines AA” and BB”.
c) At least two measurements shall be made. d) The engine of a motorcycle/vehicle without a speed governor shall be run at three-quarters of the rpm speed at which, according to the vehicle manufacturer, it develops its maximum power. The rpm speed of the engine shall be measured by means of an independent instrument, e.g. a roller bed and a tachometer. If the engine is fitted with a governor preventing the engine from exceeding the speed at which it develops its maximum power, it shall be run at the maximum speed permitted by the governor.
h) Where there is no gearbox the motorcycle/vehicle shall approach line AA" at a steady speed corresponding to the lowest of the three following speeds: i)
ii)
iii) i)
an engine speed equal to three-quarters of the engine speed at which the engine develops its maximum power; an engine speed equal to three-quarters of the maximum engine speed permitted by the governor; or 50 kilometers per hour.
Where the motorcycle/vehicle has gears, the second gear in the gearbox must be engaged if the vehicle is fitted with a two-speed, three-speed or four-speed gearbox; ii)
iii)
The third gear in the gearbox must be engaged if the box has more than four gears; If the transmission has a double gear ratio (transfer gearbox or two-speed rear axle assembly), the gearbox must be engaged in the ratio allowing the highest vehicle speed.
Art ic le VIII – No is e fr om equ ip men t u sed ou td oo rs
1)
General provi sions
an engine speed equal to three-quarters of the engine speed at which the engine develops its maximum power; an engine speed equal to three-quarters of the maximum engine speed permitted by the governor; 50 kilometers per hour.
e) Before taking any measurements, the engine of the motorcycle/vehicle shall be brought to its normal running temperature. 6)
Informati on to be recorded a) In addition to the measurement procedures set out in Article II, the following information should be recorded for audit and reporting purposes: i) ii) iii)
A detailed description of the test track surface and layout; the vehicle under test including relevant vehicle identification numbers; and the tyres fitted, including tread depth.
a) With the exception of vehicles intended to be used on road, rail, air and waterways and equipment for military purposes, all equipment for use in outdoor public and private areas is subject to these standards. The provisions are designed to protect
human health from the effects of over-exposure to noise and apply to all such equipment first purchased on or after 01.01.2008. b) The maximum permissible levels for noise from specific types of equipment are set out in Table 7. The equipment listed in Schedule 1, section b, is subject to noise marking only. c) If in the opinion of the Competent Agency the emission of noise from any equipment used outdoors conforms to standards as or more stringent than those prescribed above, the equipment may be deemed to conform to the standard.
d) The Competent Agency may exempt any equipment for use outdoors from the provisions of this Standard or any part thereof if the Competent Agency considers that it would be in the public interest to do so. 2)
Permissib le limi ts a) The maximum allowable noise limits for specific equipment are set out in table 7.
Table 7 Permissible maximum sound power limits f or equipment for use outdoors
Type of equipment
Compaction machines (vibrating rollers, vibratory plates, vibratory rammers)
Tracked dozers, loaders and excavator-loaders Excavators and winches, hoists and motor hoes
Net installed power, P (kW), (1) Electric power, Pel (kW), Mass of appliance, m (kg), Cutting width, L (cm)
Permissible sound power level (dB/1 pW)
Guideline sou nd power level (dB/1 pW)
P≤8
108
105
8
109
106
P>70
89 +11 lg P
86+11 lg P
P≤55
106
103
P>55
87 +11 lg P
84 +11 lg P
P≤15
96
93
P>15
83 +11 lg P
80 +11 lg P
98 + lg P
95 + lg P
Pel≤2
97 + lg Pel
95 + lg Pel
2
98 + lg Pel
96 + lg Pel
Pel>10
97 + lg Pel
95 + lg Pel
P≤15
99
97
P>15
97 +2 lg P
95 +2 lg P
m≤15
107
105
15
94 +11 lg m
92 +11 lg m
m>30
96 +11 lg m
94 +11 lg m
P≤55
104
101
P>55
85 +11 lg P
82 +11 lg P
L≤50
96
94
50
100
98
70
100
98
Tower cranes Welding and power generators Compressors
Hand-held concrete breakers and picks
Wheeled dozers, loaders, excavator-loaders, dumpers, graders, loader type landfill compactors, combustion-engine driven counterbalanced lift trucks, mobile cranes, compaction machines (non-vibrating rollers), paver-finishers, hydraulic power packs
Lawn mowers / lawn trimmers
L>120
105
103
b) The following equipment must be marked to sho w the maximum noise level they will emit:
3)
Aerial access platforms with combustion engine Brush cutters Builders’ hoists for the transport of goods (with electric motor) Building site band saw machines Building site circular saw benches Chain saws, portable Combined high pressure flushers and suction vessels Compaction machines (explosion rammers only) Concrete or mortar mixers Construction winches (with electric motors) Conveying and spraying machines for concrete and mortar Conveyor belts Cooling equipment on vehicles Drill rigs Equipment for loading and unloading tanks or silos on trucks Glass recycling containers Grass trimmers/grass edge trimmers Hedge trimmers High pressure flushers High pressure water jet machines Hydraulic hammers Joint cutters Lift trucks, combustion-engine driven, counterbalanced (only ‘other counterbalanced lift trucks’ with a rated capacity of not more than 10 tonnes Mobile waste containers Paver finishers (equipped with high compaction screed) Piling equipment Pipelayers Piste caterpillars Power generators (<400kW) Power sweepers Refuse collection vehicles Road milling machines Scarifiers Shredders/chippers Suction vehicles Trenchers Truck mixers Water pump units (not for use underwater
Measurement a) The determination of the sound power level of equipment for use outdoors, as listed in Table 7 and Section b or as otherwise may be specified by the Competent Authority, shall be by derivation from the methods for airborne sound pressure level measurement described in EN ISO 3744:1995 and
EN ISO 3746:1995, subject to the supplements described in Part A of Annex III to the European Parliament Directive 2000/14/EC. b) The competent authority for environmental protection will undertake regular inspections of facilities on a risk based schedule to enforce the standards set out by this document.
ADMINISTRATION FEE (SR)
Presidency of Meteorology and Environm ent (PME) APPENDIX A – PERMIT APPLICATION (Page 1)
CHECK NO.
RECEIVED
CHECK AMOUNT (SR)
DATE RECEIVED
SECTION A : GENERAL INFORMATION FACILITY DETAILS A-1. FACILITY NAME AND SITE REFERENCE
A-2 DATE SUBMITTED
A-5 STAMP (OFFICE USE ONLY)
A-3 FACILITY TELEPHONE NUMBER
A-4 FACILITY FAX
(
(
)
-
)
-
A-6 FACILITY ADDRESS LINE 1
A-7 ADDRESS LINE 2
A-8 ADDRESS LINE 3
A-9 CITY
A-10 REGION
A-11 REFERENCE (OFFICE USE ONLY)
A-12 FACILITY CONTACT PERSON MR.
MS.
A-13 FACILITY CONTACT TELEPHONE NO.
(
)
A-14 FACILITY CONTACT E-MAIL
-
A-15 PLEASE PROVIDE THE NAME AND CONTACT DETAILS OF THE LEGAL PERSON(S) OR ENTITY THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE OPERATION OF THE SITE.
SECTION A-2: TYPE OF PERMIT REQUIRED A-16 PLEASE SELECT FROM THE FOLLOWING: NEW APPLICATION
PERMIT RENEWAL
PERMIT MODIFICATION
ADMINISTRATIV E AMENDMENT
SECTION A-3: FACILITY DESCRIPTION A-17 GENERAL OPERATING ACTIVITIES [INCLUDING INDICATION OF SITE SIZE AND LAYOUT]
SECTION B: COMPLIANCE SECTION B-1: VARIATION FROM CONTROLLED ACTIVITIES B-1 DOES YOUR FACILITY COMPLY WITH ALL CONDITIONS AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL REGULTION STANDARDS? YES [SKIP TO C-18]
NO
[PLEASE ANSWER QUESTION B-2]
B-2 FOR WHICH OF THE FOLL OWING DOES YOUR FACILITY REQUIRE A PERMIT VARIA TION FOR?
Air
(complete section C)
Water
(complete section D)
Noise
(complete section E)
Presidency of Meteorology and Environm ent (PME) APPENDIX A – PERMIT APPLICATION (Page 2) SECTION C: APPLICATION FOR A PERMIT OF VARIATION FOR EMISSIONS TO AIR RELEVANT ACTIVITIES [MOST INFORMATION REQUIRES ATTACHMENT] C-1 FOR EACH NON-COMPLIANT EMISSION, PLEASE PROVIDE THE COORDINATES FOR LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE. C-2 PROVIDE AN ASSESSMENT OF THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS INCLUDING AIR QUALITY AND THE PRESENCE OF, AND THE SENSITIVITY OF THOSE RECEPTORS C-3 DESCRIBE AND PROVIDE DATA REGARDING THE FLOW RATE OF THE EMISSION, ITS PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANY POLLUTI0N ABATEMENT TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED C-4 PROVIDE A DETAILED ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT IMPACTS OF THE EMISSION(S) UPON THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE SENSITIVE RECEPTORS IDENTIFIED IN C-2.
C-5 PAYING DUE REGARD TO C-2, 3 AND 4, DOCUMENT A JUSTIFICATION FOR THE AWARD OF A TEMPORARY PERMIT FOR CONSIDERATION BY THE COMPETENT AGENCY.
SECTION D: APPLICA TION FOR A PERMIT OF VARIA TION FOR DISCHARGES TO WATER RELEVANT ACTIVITIES [MOST INFORMATION REQUIRES ATTACHMENT] C-6 FOR EACH NON-COMPLIANT DISCHARGE, PLEASE PROVIDE THE COORDINATES FOR LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE.
C-7 PROVIDE AN ASSESSMENT OF THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS INCLUDING WATER QUALITY AND THE PRESENCE OF, AND THE SENSITIVITY OF THOSE RECEPTORS C-8 DESCRIBE AND PROVIDE DATA REGARDING THE FLOW RATE OF THE DISCHARGE, ITS PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANY POLLUTI0N ABATEMENT TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED C-9 PROVIDE A DETAILED ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT IMPACTS OF THE DISCHARGE(S) UPON THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE SENSITIVE RECEPTORS IDENTIFIED IN C-7.
C-10 PAYING DUE REGARD TO C-7, 8 AND 9, DOCUMENT A JUSTIFICATION FOR THE AWARD OF A TEMPORARY PERMIT FOR CONSIDERATION BY THE COMPETENT AGENCY.
SECTION E: APPLICATION FOR A PERMIT OF VARIATION FOR THE EMISSION OF NOISE RELEVANT ACTIVITIES [MOST INFORMATION REQUIRES ATTACHMENT] C-11 FOR EACH NON-COMPLIANT EMISSION, PLEASE PROVIDE THE COORDINATES FOR LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE. C-12 PROVIDE AN ASSESSMENT OF THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS INCLUDING THE PRESENCE OF, AND THE SENSITIVITY OF THOSE RECEPTORS C-13 DESCRIBE AND PROVIDE DATA REGARDING MEASURED OR PREDICTED NOISE LEVELS AND ANY ABATEMENT TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED
C-14 PROVIDE A DETAILED ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT IMPACTS OF NOISE UPON THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE SENSITIVE RECEPTORS IDENTIFIED IN C-12.
C-15 PAYING DUE REGARD TO C-12, 13 AND 14, DOCUMENT A JUSTIFICATION FOR THE AWARD OF A TEMPORARY PERMIT FOR CONSIDERATION BY THE COMPETENT AGENCY.
SECTION F: COMPLIANCE PLAN C-16 PLEASE PROVIDE AND ATTACH DETAILS OF A SCHEDULE OF TIME BOUND ACTIVITIES THAT WILL BRING THE FACILITY INTO COMPLIANCE WITH THE GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS.
C-17 EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLIANCE
I CERTIFY UNDER PENALTY OF LAW THAT I UNDERSTAND THE REQUIREMENTS FOR OBTAINING A TEMPORARY PERMIT; THAT THIS DOCUMENT AND ALL ATTACHMENTS WERE PREPARED UNDER MY DIRECTION OR SUPERVISION AND THAT TO THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE, ALL INFORMATION INCLUDED IS TRUE, ACCURATE AND COMPLETE. C-18 SIGNATURE OF RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL OF COMPANY
C-19 DATE
C-20 TYPE OR PRINT NAME OF RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL
C-21 TITLE OF RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL
TITLE:
NAME:
Ap pen dix B – Eq ui pment fo r u se o ut do or s Definitions of equipment for u se outdoors [sourced from the EU Directive regarding the Use of outdoor equipment]
1. Aerial access platforms with combustion engines Equipment consisting of a minimum of a work platform, an extending structure and a chassis. The work platform is a fenced platform or a cage which can be moved under load to the required working position. The extending structure is connected to the chassis and supports the work platform; it allows movement of the work platform to its required position. 2. Brush cutter A combustion-engine driven portable hand-held unit fitted with a rotating blade made of metal or plastic intended to cut weeds, brush, small trees and similar vegetation. The cutting device operates in a plane approximately parallel to the ground. 3. Builders’ hoist for the transport of goods A power-operated, temporarily installed builders’ hoist intended for use by persons who are permitted to enter engineering and construction sites, serving (i) defined landing levels, having a platform designed for the transportation of goods only which permits the access of persons during loading and unloading which permits the access and travel by authorised persons during erection, dismantling and maintenance guided travelling vertical or along a path within 15° max. of the vertical supported or sustained by: wire, rope, chain, screwed spindle and nut, rack and pinion, hydraulic jack (direct or indirect), or an expanding linkage mechanism where masts may or may not require support from separate structures, or
(ii) either one upper landing or a work area extending to the end of the guide (e.g. a roof), having a loadcarrying device: designed for the transportation of goods only designed that there is no need to step on it for loading or unloading purposes or for maintenance, erection and dismantling from which persons are prohibited at any time guided which is designed to travel at an angle of at least 30° to the vertical but may be used at any angle sustained by steel wire rope and a positive drive system controlled by constant pressure type controls which does not benefit from the use of any counterweight having a maximum rated load of 300 kg having a maximum speed of 1m/s; and where the guides require support from separate structures.
4. Build ing site band saw machine A hand-fed powered machine weighing less than 200 kg fitted with a single saw blade in the form of a continuous band mounted on and running between two or more pulleys. 5. Building site circular saw bench A hand-fed machine weighing less than 200 kg fitted with a single circular sawblade (other than a scoring saw) with a diameter of 350 mm or more, up to a maximum diameter of 500 mm, which is fixed during the normal cutting operation, and a horizontal table, all or part of which is fixed during operation. The sawblade is mounted on a horizontal non-tilting spindle, the position of which remains stationary during machining. The machine may have any of the following features: the facility for the sawblade to be raised and lowered through the table
machine frame below the table may be open or enclosed the saw may be fitted with an additional, manually operated travelling table (not adjacent to the sawblade).
6. Chain saw, portabl e A power-driven tool designed to cut wood with a saw chain and consisting of an integrated compact unit of handles, power source and cutting attachment, designed to be supported with two hands. 7. Combined high pressure flusher and suction vehicle A vehicle which may work either as a high pressure flusher or as a suction vehicle. See high pressure flusher and suction vehicle. 8. Compaction machine A machine which compacts materials, e.g. rock fills, soil or asphalt surfacing, t hrough a rolling, tamping or vibrating action of the working tool. It may be self-propelled, towed, walk-behind or an attachment to a carrying machine. Compaction machines are subdivided as follows:
rollers for ride-on operators: self-propelled compaction machines with one or more metallic cylindrical bodies (drums) or rubber tyres; t he operator’s station is an integral part of the machine walk-behind rollers: self-propelled compaction machines with one or more metallic cylindrical bodies (drums) or rubber tyres in which the operation facilities for travelling, steering, braking and vibrating are disposed in such a way that the machines have to be operated by an attending operator or by remote control towed roller: compaction machines with one or more metallic cylindrical bodies (drums) or rubber tyres which do not possess an independent drive system and where the operator’s station is to be found on a tractor unit vibratory plates and vibratory rammers: compactions machines with mainly flat base plates which are made to vibrate. They are operated by an attending operator or as an attachment to a carrier machine explosion rammers: compaction machines with mainly a flat pad as the compacting tool which is made to move in a predominantly vertical direction by explosion pressure. The machine is operated by an attending operator.
9. Compressor Any machine for use with interchangeable equipment which compresses air, gases or vapours to a pressure higher than the inlet pressure. A compressor comprises the bare compressor itself, the prime mover and any component or device supplied, which is necessary for safe operation of the compressor. Excluded are the following categories of device: fans, i.e. devices producing air circulation at a positive pressure of not more than 110 000 pascals vacuum pumps, i.e. devices or appliances for extracting air from an enclosed space at a pressure not exceeding atmospheric pressure gas turbine engines.
10. Concrete-breakers and picks, hand held Powered (by any method) concrete-breakers and picks used to perform work on civil engineering and building sites. 11. Conc rete or mortar mixer A machine to prepare concrete or mortar, irrespective of the loading, mixing and emptying process. It may be operated intermittently or constantly. Concrete mixers on trucks are called truck mixers (see definition 55). 12. Construction winch A power-operated, temporarily installed lifting appliance which is equipped with means for raising and lowering a suspended load. 13. Conveying and spraying machine for concrete and mortar Items of plant pumping and spraying concrete or mortar, with or without agitator, whereby the material to be transported is conveyed to the placing position through pipelines, distribution devices or distribution booms.
Conveyance is carried out: for concrete mechanically, by piston or rotor pumps for mortar mechanically by piston, worm, hose and rotor pumps or pneumatically by compressors with or without air chamber. These machines may be mounted on t rucks, trailers or special vehicles.
14. Conveyor belt A temporarily installed machine suitable for transporting material by means of a power driven belt. 15. Cooling equipment on vehicles A cargo space refrigeration unit on vehicle categories N2, N3, O3 and O4 as defined by EU Directive 70/156/EEC. The refrigeration unit may be powered by means of an integral part of the refrigeration unit, a separate part attached to the vehicle body, a driving engine of the vehicle, or by an independent or standby power source. 16. Dozer A self-propelled wheeled or crawler machine used to exert a push or pull force through mounted equipment. 17. Drill rig A machine which is used for drilling holes on construction sites by: percussive drilling rotary drilling rotary percussive drilling.
Drill rigs are stationary during drilling. They may move from one place of work to another, under their own power. Self-propelled drill rigs include those mounted on lorries, wheeled chassis, tractors, crawlers, skid bases (pulled by winch). 18. Dumper A self-propelled machine wheeled or crawler machine having an open body, which either transports and dumps or spreads material. Dumpers may be equipped with integral self-loading equipment. 19. Equipment for loading and unloading of silos or tanks on trucks Powered devices attached to silo or tanker trucks for loading or unloading of liquids or bulk material by means of pumps or similar equipment. 20. Excavator, hydraulic or rope-operated A self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine having an upper structure capable of a minimum of 360° rotation, which excavates, swings and dumps material by the action of a bucket fitted to the boom and arm or telescopic boom, without moving the chassis or undercarriage during any one cycle of the machine. 21. Excavator-loader A self-propelled wheeled or crawler machine having a main structural support designed to carry both a front-mounted bucket loading mechanism and a rear-mounted backhoe. When used in the backhoe mode, the machine normally digs below ground level with bucket motion towards the machine. The backhoe lifts, swings and discharges material while the machine is stationary. When used in the loader mode, the machine loads or excavates through forward motion of the machine, and lifts, transports and discharges material. 22. Glass recycling container A container, built of whatever material, that is used for the collection of bottles. It is equipped with at least one opening for filling in bottles and another one for emptying the container. 23. Grader A self-propelled wheeled machine having an adjustable blade, positioned between front and rear axles, which cuts, moves and spreads material usually to grade requirements. 24. Grass tr immer/grass edge trimmer
A combustion-engine driven portable hand-held unit fitted with flexible line(s), string(s), or similar nonmetallic flexible cutting elements, such as pivoting cutters, intended to cut weeds, grass or similar soft vegetation. The cutting device operates in a plane approximately parallel (grass trimmer) or perpendicular (grass edge trimmer) to the ground. 25. Hedge trim mer Hand-held, integrally driven powered equipment which is designed for use by one operator for trimming hedges and bushes utilising one or more linear reciprocating cutter blades. 26. High pressure flusher A vehicle equipped with a device to clean sewers or similar installations by means of a high pressure water jet. The device may be either mounted on a proprietary vehicular truck chassis or incorporated into its own chassis embodiment. The equipment may be fixed or demountable as in the case of an exchangeable bodywork system. 27. High pressur e water jet machine A machine with nozzles or other speed-increasing openings which allow water, also with additives, to emerge as a free jet. In general, high pressure jet machines consist of a drive, a pressure generator, hose lines, spraying devices, safety mechanisms, controls and measurement devices. High pressure water jet machines may be mobile or stationary:
mobile high pressure water jet machines are mobile, readily transportable machines which are designed to be used at various sites, and for this purpose are generally fitted with their own undergear or are vehicle mounted. All necessary supply lines are flexible and readily disconnectable stationary high pressure water jet machines are designed to be used at one site for a length of time but capable of being moved t o another site with suitable equipment. Generally skid or frame-mounted with supply line capable of being disconnected.
28. Hydraulic hammer Equipment which uses the hydraulic power source of the carrier machine to accelerate a piston (sometimes gas assisted), which then hits a tool. The stress wave generated by kinetic action flows through the tool into the material, which causes the material to break. Hydraulic hammers need a supply of pressurised oil to function. The complete carrier/hammer unit is controlled by an operator, usually seated in the cabin of the carrier. 29. Hydraulic power pack Any machine for use with interchangeable equipment which compresses liquids to a pressure higher than the inlet pressure. It means an assembly of a prime mover, pump, with or without reservoir and accessories (e.g. controls, pressure relief valve). 30. Joint cutter A mobile machine intended for the production of joints in concrete, asphalt and similar road surfaces. The cutting tool is a rotating high speed disc. The forward motion of the joint c utter can be: manual manual with mechanical assistance power-driven.
31. Landfill compactor, loader-type with bucket A self-propelled wheeled compaction machine having a front-mounted loader linkage with a bucket having steel wheels (drums) primarily designed to compact, move, grade, and load soil, landfill or sanitary (refuse) materials. 32. Lawnmower A walk-behind or ride-on grass cutting machine or a machine with grass-cutting attachment(s) where the cutting device operates in a plane approximately parallel to the ground and which uses the ground to determine the height of cut by means of wheels, air cushion or skids, etc., and which utilises an engine or an electric motor for a power source. The cutting devices are either
rigid cutting elements, or
non-metallic filament line(s) or freely pivoting non-metallic cutter(s) with a kinetic energy of more than 10 J each; the kinetic energy is determined using EN 786:1997, Annex B.
Also a walk-behind or ride-on grass cutting machine or a machine with grass-cutting attachment(s) where the cutting device is rotating about a horizontal axis to provide a shearing action with a stationary cutter bar or knife (cylinder mower). 33. L awn trimmer/lawn edge trimmer An electrically powered walk-behind or hand-held grass cutting machine with cutting element(s) of nonmetallic filament line(s) or freely pivoting non-metallic cutters with a kinetic energy of not more than 10 J each, intended to cut grass or similar soft vegetation. The cutting element(s) operate(s) in a plane approximately parallel (lawn trimmer) or perpendicular (lawn edge trimmer) to the ground. The kinetic energy is determined using BS EN 786:1997, Annex B. 34. Lift truck, combust ion-engine driven, counterbalanced A wheeled, internal combustion-engine driven lift truck with counterweight and lifting equipment (mast, telescopic arm or articulated arm). These are: rough terrain trucks (wheeled counterbalanced trucks intended primarily for operation on unimproved natural terrain and on disturbed terrain of, e.g., construction sites)other counterbalanced lift trucks, excluded are those counterbalanced lift trucks that are specifically constructed for container handling. 35. Loader A self-propelled wheeled or crawler machine having an integral front-mounted bucket-supporting structure and linkage, which loads or excavates through forward motion of the machine, and lifts, transports and discharges material. 36. Mobile crane A self-powered jib crane capable of travelling, loaded or unloaded, without the need for fixed runways and relying on gravity for stability. It operates on tyres, crawlers or with other mobile arrangements. In fixed positions it may be supported by outriggers or other accessories increasing its stability. The superstructure of a mobile crane may be of the type of full-circle slewing, of limited slewing or non-slewing. It is normally equipped with one or more hoists and/or hydraulic cylinders for lifting and lowering the jib and the load. Mobile cranes are equipped either with telescopic jibs, with articulated jibs, with lattice jibs, or a combination of these, of such a design that may readily be lowered. The loads suspended from the jib may be handled by hook block assemblies or other load-lifting attachments for special services. 37. Mobile waste container An appropriate designed container fitted with wheels intended to store waste temporarily, and which is equipped with a cover. 38. Motorhoe A self-propelled machine designed to be pedestrian-controlled with or without support wheel(s), in such a way that its working elements act as hoeing tools to ensure propulsion (motor hoe), and propelled by one or various wheel(s) directly actuated from the engine and equipped with hoeing tools (motor hoe with drive wheel(s)).
39. Paver-finisher A mobile road construction machine used for the purpose of applying layers of construction material, such as bituminous mix, concrete and gravel on surfaces. Paver-finishers may be equipped with a highcompaction screed. 40. Piling equipment Pile installation and extraction equipment, e.g. impact hammers, extractors, vibrators or static pile pushing/pulling devices of an assembly of machines and components used for installation or extraction of piles, which also includes:
piling rig consisting of carrier machine (crawler, wheel or rail mounted, floating leader attachment, leader or guiding system)
accessories, e.g. pile caps, helmets, plates, followers, clamping devices, pile handling devices, pile guides, acoustic shrouds and shock/vibration absorbing devices, power packs/generators and personal lifting devices or platforms.
41. Pipelayer A self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine specifically designed to handle and lay pipes and carry pipeline equipment. The machine, the design of which is based on a tractor, has especially designed components such as undercarriage, main frame, counterweight, boom and load-hoist mechanism, and vertically pivoting side boom. 42. Pist e caterpil lar A self-propelled crawler machine used to exert a push or pull force on snow and ice through mounted equipment. 43. Power generator Any device comprising an internal combustion engine driving a rotary electrical generator producing a continuous supply of electrical power. 44. Power sweeper A sweeping collection machine having equipment to sweep debris into the path of a suction inlet that would then pneumatically by way of a high velocity airstream or with a mechanical pick-up system convey the debris to a collection hopper. The sweeping and collecting devices may either be mounted to a proprietary vehicular truck chassis or incorporated into its own chassis embodiment. The equipment can be fixed or demountable as in the case of an exchangeable bodywork system. 45. Refuse collection vehicle A vehicle designed for the collection and t ransportation of domestic and bulky waste based on loading via containers or by hand. The vehicle may be equipped with a compaction mechanism. A refuse collection vehicle comprises a chassis with cab onto which the bodywork is mounted. It may be equipped with a container lifting device. 46. Road-milling machine A mobile machine used for removing material from paved surfaces using a power-driven cylindrical body, on which surface the milling tools are fitted; the cutter drums rotate during the cutting operation. 47. Scarifier A walk-behind or ride-on powered machine which uses the ground to determine the depth of cut and which is equipped with an assembly appropriate to slit or scratch t he surface of the lawn in gardens, parks and other similar areas. 48. Shredder/chipper A powered machine designed for use in a stationary position having one or more cutting devices for the purpose of reducing bulk organic materials to smaller pieces. Generally it consists of a feed intake opening through which material (which may be held by an appliance or not) is inserted, a device which cuts up the material by whatever method (cutting, chopping, crushing or other methods) and a discharge chute through which the cut material is discharged. A collecting device may be attached. 49. Suction vehicle A vehicle equipped with a device to collect water, mud, sludge, refuse or similar material from sewers or similar installations by means of a vacuum. The device may be either mounted on a proprietary vehicular truck chassis or incorporated into its own chassis embodiment. The equipment may be fixed or demountable as in the case of an exchangeable bodywork system. 50. Tower crane A slewing jib crane with the jib located at the top of a tower which stays approximately vertical in the working position. This power-driven appliance is equipped with means for raising and lowering suspended loads and for the movement of such loads by changing the load-lifting radius, slewing, travelling of the complete appliance.
Certain appliances perform several but not necessarily all of these movements. The appliance can be installed in a fixed position or equipped with means for displacing or climbing. 51. Trencher A self-propelled, ride-on or pedestrian-controlled, crawler or wheeled machine, having a front- or rearmounted excavator linkage and attachment, primarily designed to produce trenches in a continuous operation, through a motion of the machine. 52. Truck mixer A vehicle which is equipped with a drum to transport ready-mixed concrete from the concrete mixing plant to the job site; the drum may rotate when the vehicle is driving or stand still. The drum is emptied on the job site by rotating the drum. The drum is driven either by the driving engine of the vehicle or by a supplementary engine. 53. Waterpump unit A machine consisting of a water pump itself and the driving system. Water pump means a machine for the raising of water from a lower to a higher energy level. 54. Weldin g generator Any rotary device which produces a welding current.
