ZTE PON Solution

ZTE PO PON So So l u t i o n Fiber to the th e world wor ld

ZTE PON Solution for VNPT

ZTE PON Solution for VNPT Version

Date

V1.00

2008-03-18

Aut hor

Appr oved By

Remarks Remarks Not open to the Third Party

© 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be disclosed or used without the prior written permission of ZTE. Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information of the document is subjected to change without notice.

ZTE Confidential Proprietary

© 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

I


TABLE OF CONTENTS 1

Why PON ..................................................................................................................... 1

2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.2 2.3

Comparis on EPON and GPON.................................................................................. 3 Technology Comparison.............................................................................................. 3 Common Technology Features ................................................................................... 3 Different Technology Features .................................................................................... 3 Commercial Application comparison ........................................................................... 4 Cost comparison .......................................................................................................... 5

3 3.1 3.2 3.3

FTTx Solut ion ............................................................................................................. 6 FTTH............................................................................................................................ 6 FTTB............................................................................................................................ 7 FTTO............................................................................................................................ 9

4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6

FTTx Servic e pro vis ion............................................................................................ 10 VoIP Service .............................................................................................................. 10 IPTV Service.............................................................................................................. 11 CATV Service ............................................................................................................ 13 Broadband Services .................................................................................................. 13 Broadband VPN Service............................................................................................ 14 TDM Service .............................................................................................................. 14

5 5.1 5.2 5.3

QoS ............................................................................................................................ 16 General description.................................................................................................... 16 GPON QoS ................................................................................................................ 18 EPON QoS................................................................................................................. 19

6 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.3 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4.1 6.4.2 6.4.3 6.4.4

Opti cal Dist rib uti on Networ k ODN.......................................................................... 22 OLT, ONU and Splitter Deployment .......................................................................... 22 OLT Deployment........................................................................................................ 22 ONU Deployment....................................................................................................... 22 Optical Splitter Deployment ....................................................................................... 22 FTTH ODN Solution................................................................................................... 24 FTTB ODN Solution................................................................................................... 25 Typical application ..................................................................................................... 25 Commercial Zone ...................................................................................................... 25 Villa Area.................................................................................................................... 26 Multi-layer Building .................................................................................................... 27 High Building.............................................................................................................. 28

7

ZTE PON Market share ............................................................................................ 30

II


ZTE ConfidentialProprietary


FIGURES Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 23 Figure 24 Figure 25

Data from DITTBERNER............................................................................................... 4 Solution for FTTH........................................................................................................... 6 Solution for Villa ............................................................................................................. 7 FTTB with PON+LAN..................................................................................................... 8 FTTB with PON+DSL..................................................................................................... 8 Solution for FTTO .......................................................................................................... 9 VoIP Service ................................................................................................................ 10 Mode 1 IPTV Service Flow .......................................................................................... 12 Mode 2 Service Flow ................................................................................................... 12 CATV Service .............................................................................................................. 13 Broadband Service ...................................................................................................... 14 VPN services. .............................................................................................................. 14 PBX Access ................................................................................................................. 15 ONU and OLT QoS processing procedure.................................................................. 17 GPON Uplink Qos ..................................................................................................... 18 GPON Downlink Qos ................................................................................................ 19 EPON uplink QoS ........................................................................................................ 20 EPON downlink QoS ................................................................................................... 21 Splitter deployment scenarios...................................................................................... 23 FTTH ODN solution ..................................................................................................... 24 FTTB ODN solution...................................................................................................... 25 Commercial Building ODN Plan................................................................................... 26 ODN Plan in a Villa ...................................................................................................... 27 Multi-layer ODN Plan ................................................................................................... 28 High Building ODN Plan .............................................................................................. 29

TABLES Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4

Service bandwidth demand ........................................................................................... 1 Technology difference between EPON and GPON....................................................... 3 Relationship between CoS and service....................................................................... 16 Service and queue mapping relationship .................................................................... 17



III


1

Why PON The access-layer network is a fundamental platform for terminating and carrying out various services. With the rapid development of the broadband access services in the recent years, the demand for bandwidth of the access layer is on the on-going rise. As an ideal transmission medium, fibre provides high-speed, high-bandwidth, and multi-service transfer capabilities. Fibre access becomes one of the key technologies of the Next-Generation Network (NGN). •

Multim edia Servic e Driven FTTx Customers expect high bandwidth, simple and rich content service such as VoIP, VOD, HDTV, SDTV, online gaming, shopping online, etc, Service driven the access technology.

Table 1

Service bandwidth demand Item

2008~2010 Forecast

Bandwidth Requirement (Downstream)

Bandwidth Requirement (Upstream)

Total Downstream Bandwidth Total Upstream Bandwidth

2010~2012 Forecast

HDTV：4～8M

HDTV：10~20M

SDTV：2～4M

SDTV：4～8M

Video Communication：1~2M

Video Communication：2~4M

WEB: 512K～1M

WEB：1～2M

Online Gaming：1M

Online Gaming：4M

Video Communication: 1~2M

Video Communication: 2~4M

WEB：512K

WEB：1M

Online Gaming：300~800K

Online Gaming：1~2M

IPTV：50K

IPTV：100K

Video Monitoring：1M

Video Monitoring：2M

10M~20M

20～40M

4M

10M

The existing ADSL2+ limited by distance, bandwidth that cannot meet the customer further service expectations, so higher bandwidth, lower investment, and easy maintenance technology PON (passive optical network) are the most suitable for access. •

Investment Cost Driven FTTx As we known, fiber price decrease fast, which has reach up to 0.0125USD/m; but Copper price increase by 30%~60% y/y. Copper cost is 2USD/pair/m. Optic Modular also decreased sharply, in 2000 the price of 155Mbps optic modular is 500USD, but now it is only 12.5USD. EPON ASIC chip also decrease by 30%~40%. And GPON ASIC is becoming mature and stable.



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FTTx network reduce the OpEX the most. FTTx is lower power consumption than DSLAM, FTTx need smaller room than DSLAM. ODN network is passive, which will largest reduce Operation, management and maintenance cost. •

Advanced Featur es Fiber access is one of the key technologies of Next Generation Network. FTTx has advance Features as the following:

2

−

High bandwidth

−

Long distance, PON can reach up to 20KM

−

Fiber lifetime can last to more than 50 years

−

Anti- electromagnetism disturbance and lower fault

−

Easy management




2

Comparison EPON and GPON In order to meet the high bandwidth demands including VoIP, IPTV, VOD, CATV video services, L2VPN service, EPON and GPON emerged. For FTTx solution, EPON and GPON dominated in the fiber access technology. EPON and GPON work as Passive Optic network technology, there are some advantages such as long distance, high bandwidth, lower power consumption, easy maintenance, antielectronic magnet, longer lifetime, etc. but when the carriers choose the PON technology, they are often confused, so the next section, we give you some comparison about EPON and GPON.

2.1

Technolog y Comparison

2.1.1

Common Techno logy Features •

•

•

Wide Approved international standard by telecom fields Similar network topology, the network consists of OLT, ONU, ODN and NMS. EPON and GPON support all FTTx solutions such as FTTH/FTTB/FTTC/FTTO EPON and GPON all adopt asymmetric wavelength transmitting data, downlink is1490nm; uplink is 1310nm，also support 1550nm for CATV.

•

2.1.2

Support Multi-play services such as Voice, Data, Video, multimedia and so on, fully bear IPTV and CATV service.

•

The maxim transmitting distance is 20km.

•

Support carrier-graded link protection.

Different Techno logy Features Since EPON and GPON come from different standard organization and based on different technology. There is some difference as the following shows. Table 2

Technology difference between EPON and GPON

Item

EPON

Standards and Organization

IEEE,802.3ah

Mode

symmetric


GPON

ITU-T. G.984.1 GSR、 G.984.2 GPM、G.984.3 GTC、 G.984.4 OMCI Asymmetric/Symmetric


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Bandwidth(Down/Up)

1.25Gbps/1.25Gbps

1244.16 Mbps/155.52 Mbps 1244.16 Mbps/622.08 Mbps 2488.32 Mbps/155.52 Mbps 2488.32 Mbps/622.08 Mbps 2488.32 Mbps/1244.16 Mbps 2488.32 Mbps/2488.32 Mbps

Code

8B/10B

NRZ

Splitter

Maxim 1:64, Application 1:32

Maxim 1:128; Application is 1:64

TDM

CES

CES/Native

Encapsulation

Ethernet frame

GEM/ATM

OAM

Adopting 802.3ah procedure to managing OLT and ONT

G.984.4 define the OMCI mechanism, support powerful OAM、PLOAM and OMCI

Security

Not define, normally adopting AES

Define AES as the security standard

Stability

Evolution

The standard completed earlier. Product and application are Matured and stability, industry chain is matured EPON to 10G PON

just completed the standard, industry chain is not matured yet. Not clear

Commercial Appl ication comparison

2.2

•

EPON domi nated the FTTx market Till now FTTx are prevailing in Japan, Korea, USA, China and West Europe. Different countries choose different PON technology. China, Japan, korea, some north Europe countries choose EPON; but USA and some of West Europe choose GPON and VDSL2 as the FTTx technology. There are 10M EPON in Japan till 2007, and Japan will expand to 17M in 2010. From 2007 China began to develop EPON network largely. EPON accounted for 80% market share of FTTx.

Figure 1

4

Data from DITTBERNER




The above diagram shows the shipment of Q1 2008, EPON is the major FTTx technology. •

EPON Maturi ty is better t han GPON EPON’s OLT and ONU are based on ASIC and EPON standard was completed for a long time and EPON has been largest application in the world. GPON OLT and ONU are based on FPGA, just little GPON ONU is based on ASIC; there are few chipset vendor for GPON. The cost is still very high.

•

Supply Chain, EPON is better t han GPON Before 2007 there were 3 matured chipset vendors including PMC、Cortina、 Teknovus. To 2007 has been increased to 5 vendors. Till now, there is only Broadlight provide ASIC GPON chip for GPON ONU. In 2007 there are 15 EPON vendors’ products passed China Telecom interoperability test.

2.3

Cost comparison The big difference of cost is MAC chip and Optic Modular. Because GPON is new standard, there is not matured application and industry product chain. GPON’s cost still several times than that of EPON. •

Basic cost −

−

•

EPON based on Ethernet, the MAC layer of EPON simpler than GPON, the cost of EPON is lower than GPON. GPON performance index of fiber facility (Splitter, Optic modular) is higher than EPON. GPON OLT is difficult interoperability between different vendors. GPON ONU must adopt DFB, but EPON adopt FP, DFB is much higher than FP.

Speed of pric e down −

−

EPON based on ASIC and there are larger applications in the world. ASIC technology is more mature than FGPA, so EPON has big price space and easy to be mass production and reduce the cost. FGPA is a new technology, bad compatibility. GPON chip based on FGPA, it will be a long way to suitable price.



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3

FTTx Solution

3.1

FTTH In this mode, ZXA10 C220/C200 is placed in the central office, or in the equipment room of the residential area, ZXA10 C220/C200 connects with the subscribers in each house, apartment or building via splitter. In the case of high building, splitter is placed outside of the building, hung on the wall or in outdoor cabinet. For multi-layer residential building, one splitter can be shared by several residential building. Generally splitter is placed in the middle of the buildings to save fiber. Fiber is inter-connected in the connecting cabinet, and then enters into the room of subscribers via pig-tail; ONT can be placed on the desk or mount-hanging. ONT provides multi-services access such as POTS, IPTV, HSIA, CATV through VoIP, FE/GE, WLAN and RF interfaces, etc. The characteristic of this mode is that each apartment/house has its own private ONT, splitter is shared by several subscribers, and bandwidth of each subscriber is relative to the number of ONT.

Figure 2

Solution for FTTH

Nowadays, there are many villas in each city, these users often need high bandwidth and high QoS for service access, the features of GPON is just fit for these customers’ requirements, fiber to the villa is a typical kind of FTTH application. Broadband users in villa area are generally separated. OLT can be placed in the equipment room of the area. To save optical cable resource, multi-level optical fiber splitting is used. Hang the backbone cable on the cable pole overhead or lay them underground with cell equipment room as the center. Install a level 1 optical fiber 6




splitter at an interval to cover the users nearby. For users far away from the backbone cable, install a level 2 optical fiber splitter to cover users around this area. Since level 2 optical fiber splitting box and the users are separated, a multiplexer with small optical splitter is used.

Figure 3

Solution for Villa

Each villa has its own private ONT; splitter is generally placed outside of the villa and shared by several subscribers.

3.2

FTTB For commercial building, there are several self-governed enterprises or companies in each building, the bandwidth of each enterprise or company generally is very high. In this case, ZXA10 C220/C200 can be placed in the basement or equipment room of the building, splitter is placed in the low voltage room of each floor. Multi level splitting can be used in this case. Each enterprise or company has its own ONU/ONT, ONU/ONT connects to the splitter which shared by several ONU/ONTs, with Hub or LAN switch for interfaces expansion. There are two ways: MTU for PON+LAN and MDU for PON+DSL used in this mode. •

PON+LAN mode



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•

Figure 4

FTTB with PON+LAN

Figure 5

FTTB with PON+DSL

PON+DSL mode

ZXDSL 9806H as a MDU supports up to 96 lines ADSL/ADSL2/SHDSL or 64 lines VDSL2, with EPON/GPON uplink to OLT via splitter. ZXDSL 9806H can be placed in the basement of the building or outdoor cabinet. The existing twisted-pair cooper line in the building can be used to save the cost of networking, for higher building, wiring box can be used in certain layer to make it easy for wire planning. For high building, OLT can be placed in the access equipment room or central equipment room. Level 1 optical fiber splitting is generally recommended: Use an optical fiber splitter for several layers and install it in the low voltage equipment room. Put the optical splitter in the optical fiber splitting box, which directly cover users in serveral layers. If level-2 optical fiber splitter is used, it can only be used as splicing wire distribution convergence point, not the optical fiber splitting point.

8




3.3

FTTO For office application it is similar to that of FTTB, but the distance between ONU/ONT and user is generally no more than 50 meters. Splitter can be placed in the centre of the office or in the equipment room. In this case, SBU (Single Business Unit) is used for few interfaces providing and MTU (Multi-Tenant Unit) are used for more interfaces providing.

Figure 6

Solution for FTTO

SBU/MTU should support E1 that connect with PBX which connect provide voice service for business user. MTU can not only directly provide FE that connects with PC, but also MTD/SBU can connect with LAN switch that provides multi FE connecting with PC. In this mode OLT located at center office. OLT connect with various service network such as IP network, VOIP network and PSTN/TDM network.



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4

FTTx Service provision

4.1

VoIP Servi ce VoIP service provides voice service for subscriber. ZXA10 C220/C200 supports the voice service in VoIP access mode. VoIP service can be realized by NGN network and VoIP is carried by ZXC220/C200 and ONU. ZXA10 C220/C200 meets the requirement of network evolution by integrating the NGN network with SS architecture.

Figure 7

VoIP Service

VoIP service flow in NGN network is as the followings: 1. ZXA10 C220/C200 connects to SS (Soft Switch) which controls the voice calling through SIP or H.248. 2. ONT equipment on the user side generates VoIP calling. 3. ZXA10 C220/C200 implements the convergence of VoIP service. VoIP service is sent upward to SS by the following two ways: 1)

GE/10GE port

2)

The same physical interface as other services. Different services are isolated from one another logically.

For ONU there are two Modes, one is ONU with IAD function, the other is ONU without IAD function. •

ONU wit h IAD Mode In this mode, ONU generates VoIP calling, ONU process the VOIP codec and SIP/H.248 protocol. OLT C200/C220 just transparent transports VoIP data and Signaling.

•

10

ONU with out IAD Mode




In this mode, ONU provide interface (xDSL or FE) which connect with IAD terminal. OLT and ONU work as the VOIP carried function. IAD generates calling and process calling. OLT and ONT provide the data channel of VOIP, but not process the VOIP calling.

4.2

IPTV Service ZXA10 C220/C200 supports high bandwidth video traffic and IP functions. IPTV service implements multicast to provide TV channels. It enables fast channel switching and reduces bandwidth requirements by distributing services to each subscriber. IPTV video stream does not require a constant bit rate. IPTV service flow is as the followings: 1)

Subscribers generate PPPoE service request from STB (Set Top Box), which is connected to FE/GE UNI (User Network Interface) of ONT.

2)

ZXA10 C220/C200 checks the subscriber’s video program request and controls duplication of video multicast service stream.

3)

IPTV service stream is transmitted to ONU via GE interface of ZXA10 C220/C200 according to the requested program.

4)

IPTV traffic flow can be set by the subscriber. It should be lower than VoIP service and higher than Internet access traffic flow. EPON/GPON provides very high bandwidth so there is no congestion.

There are two modes for traffic flow: •

Mode 1 (IPTV traffic passing through BAS) All services pass through the BAS (Broadband Access Server) in this mode. This mode provides Internet and IPTV services. BAS performs authorization, service control, user management and access control. IPTV service supporting platform is also used for subscriber authorization. One user account requires two times authorization for subscriber management and control. The advantage of this mode is that the IP network performs the subscriber’s management. The disadvantage is that both IPTV and Internet use the same line, so the speed is low. Other services pass through ZXA10 C220/C200 uplink port and connect to IP network. All subscribers are authorized by PPPoE server.



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Figure 8 •

Mode 1 IPTV Service Flow

Mode 2 (IPTV traffi c pass by BA S) The main features are as the followings: 1)

Broadband service passes through BAS.

2)

VoD service does not pass through BAS even it uses the same port with the broadband service.

3)

Live TV service does not pass through BAS

This mode uses one independent uplink port for live TV and another uplink port for Internet and VoD services. Both services are separated by VLAN and each has different Class of Service (CoS) priority. In this mode, the broadband subscriber uses PPPoE to be authorized and IPTV subscriber uses fixed or dynamic IP address. For dynamic IP address PPPoE authorization is used. ZXA10 C220/C200 supports transparent transmission.

Figure 9

12

Mode 2 Service Flow




4.3

CATV Serv ic e CATV service provides cable TV channels. The subscriber can access to cable TV system through RF UNI of ONU. To access the CATV service, ONU with CATV interface is required. CATV service flow is as the followings: 1.

ONU provides the RF UNI for subscribers and ONT performs de-multiplexing.

2.

ZXA10 C220/C200 is configured connecting with multiplexer and Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA, Video combiner). The multiplexer combines three wavelength signals on one single fiber. These signal wavelengths are: 1)

1550 nm downstream CATV optical signal

2)

1490 nm downstream optical signal

3)

1310 nm upstream optical signal

3.

The signals are sent through the fiber in wave division form.

4.

ONU receives the 1550 nm CATV signal and sends it to the cable TV system after wave division.

Figure 10 CATV Service

4.4

Broadband Services ZXA10 C220/C200 provides various broadband services. These services include Internet surfing, downloading, online game, online learning, video conferencing, remote education/medical treatment, etc. The ONU/ONT supports data service access via LAN (FE/GE) or WLAN (WiFi) interface. Subscriber is connected to ONU/ONT. ONU/ONT is connected to ZXA10 C220/C200 (OLT) which implements convergence and uplink to the broadband WAN via GE interface. BAS performs subscribers’ authorization, service control, user management and access control.



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Figure 11 Broadband Service

Bro adband VPN Servic e

4.5

VPN (Virtual private network) is an important network application. It can reduce the end users’ own and usage cost, and promotes the network security. ZXA10 PON can support broadband VPN.

1

Figure 12 VPN services.

The ONU/ONT supports VPN broadband service access via LAN (FE/GE) or WLAN (WiFi) interface. Subscriber is connected to ONU/ONT. ONU/ONT is connected to ZXA10 C220/C200 (OLT) which implements convergence and uplink to the broadband WAN via GE interface. BAS performs subscribers’ authorization, service control, user management and access control. BRAS support VPN function. ZXA10 C220/C200 (OLT) connects the end user by VLAN/PPP to transmit the data to the BRAS which use the L2TP to establish the tunnel for secure connection to use internal network resources.

TDM Servi ce

4.6

ZXA10 C220/C200 provides TDM service to the subscribers. It is suitable for subscribers who use TDM network instead of IP networks (such as SS and IMS). TDM service is provided in network with SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy), SONET and TDM systems. TDM service is supported in CES mode. If there is PBX in the network, PBX uplinks to SBU/MTU, EPON/GPON OLT transmits the E1 signal from SBU/MTU to PSTN/TDM network. ZXA10 C220/C200 supports 128×E1 to connect with PSTN/TDM. SBU ZXA10 F621/F429 supports 4× E1 interfaces to connect with PBX,MTU ZXA10 F820 supports 16×E1 interfaces to connect with PBX. PBX is suitable for many commercial applications such as enterprises, factories, office parks, commercial streets and buildings for E1 requirements.

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Figure 13 PBX Access



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5

QoS

5.1

General d escriptio n ZTE PON QoS solution adopt Diffserv Model. QoS specifications with Ethernet are as the followings: 1. Support 802.1p with 8 class of service. 2. Provide eight queues in egress port with max/min bandwidth shaping. 3. Multiple queue scheduling support: −

Strict Priority (SP)

−

Round Robin (RR)

−

Weight Round Robin (WRR)

−

SP +Weight

4. SLAs based on classification including parameters like CIR, EIR and MBS. 5. Classification criteria:

•

−

MAC source and destination address

−

IP source and destination address

−

TCP/UDP source and destination port

−

Ethernet type, IP protocol and VID

Service and Priority ZTE PON QoS adopt DIFFSERV Mode. In order ensure end to end QoS, COS value should be planned entirely. The following table is the relationship and service about ZTE PON. The priority of service is defined by CoS in 802.1P.

Table 3

Relationship between CoS and service

COS value 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

16

Type Service

Service description

Remark

NC IC VO VI CA EE BK BE

Network Control Internet Control Voice(<10ms latency and jitter) Video(<100ms latency and jitter) Critical Application Excellent Effort background Best Effort

Including TDM


VoIP IPTV, video

HSIA



OLT and ONU support 4/8 queues. Different service can be mapped into different queue and schedule by SP, SP+WRR and WRR. The following table shows the relationship of Service and queue. Table 4

•

Service and queue mapping relationship

COS value 7

Service

Service Description

NC

Network Control

6

IC

Internetwork control

5

VO

4

VI

0

BE

Voice（< 10 ms latency and jitter ） Video（< 100 ms latency and jitter ） Best Effort

Service Remark Including TDM

Queue

Queue Remark

1

Queue Priority: Queue 1> Queue 2 > Queue 3> Queue 4

VoIP

2

IPTV、Video

3

HSIA

4

Qos Processing Procedure ZTE OLT and ONU adopt the same QoS processing procedure as the following diagram.

Figure 14 ONU and OLT QoS processing procedure

The package from ONU or OLT will be process as the following procedure. 1)

Input package was classified by MAC, IP, VLAN, Ethernet type, UDP/TCP.

2)

Traffic processing modular will detect the speed of stream, when the speed exceeds the threshold, it will be rejected.

3)

COS process: Sometime the data from UNI/SNI with COS is not reliability, COS process modular will check and transfer to reliability COS. According to Port, VLAN ID, LLID, etc, it will generate a new COS. COS processing will copy the internal (C-Tag ) CoS to external (S-TAG) CoS.

4)

COS and queue mapping: in order to guarantee service QoS, According to COS value, the data will be mapping different priority queue, then be scheduled through SP, WRR or SP+WRR.

5)

There is a queue scheduler in ONU and OLT, which is responsible for data scheduling.



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6)

Shaping: make the traffic smoothly output.

GPON QoS

5.2

Beside the Ethernet QoS as above, ZTE GPON QoS specifications with GPON are as the followings: On OLT side 1)

DBA is performed, which uses the bandwidth map to grant T-CONT’s time slot and guarantees the high priority T-CONT.

2)

Traffic profile is given according to different service with different QoS guarantee.

On ONT side 1)

Multi T-CONTs are supported in ONT (up to 8 T-CONTs)

2)

Five types of T-CONT are supported: 1-Fixed, 2-Assured, 3-Non-assured, 4best effort, 5-all

3)

Mapping of T-CONT is based on UNI, 802.1p and VLAN

4)

Support DBRu mode 0 based on ITU-T G.984.3

For the GPON, There are two types of total QoS in GPON application mode, which are: •

GPON Uplink QoS Subscriber traffic is queued and enters the T-CONT for mapping. There are multiple conditions of T-CONT which are as followings: 1)

One user uses one T-CONT or all the subscribers use one T-CONT. T-CONT uses strict priority (SP) and weight round robin (WRR) polices for mapping and scheduling the user traffic. Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) is assigned at OLT side.

2)

One type of service uses one T-CONT and one subscriber can use several TCONTs. DBA manages one user bandwidth or one type of service bandwidth at a time.

3)

PIR (Peak Information Rate) and SIR (Sustained Information Rate) can be configured for one user. PIR and SIR can also be configured for one type of service. If the data exceeds these WRED it is discarded in ONT/ONU.

Figure 15 GPON Uplink Qos

18




•

GPON Downlink QoS Server side traffic is classified based on port id. Configurations rules are managed by software. The downlink flow is as the followings: 1)

Subscriber data is mapped to user traffic units. User traffic unit controls and manage several subscribers by using SLA (Service Level Authentication). Its functions are as follows: •

•

Controls the PIR /SIR of whole downlink bandwidth. Controls PIR/SIR of every services of every user. The data exceeded is discarded

•

Shaping every service traffic of every user

•

Shaping the whole service traffic of every user

•

Scheduling service traffic of every user using SP and WRR.

•

Controls the user’s maximum, assured and fixed bandwidth.

2)

Special low delay queues and user traffic unit are schedules WRR

3)

Support 512 user traffic unit per PON interfaces

4)

Different service traffic is mapped to different queues in UNI

5)

SP and WRR set the priorities of the queues in UNI interface and shape the data through every UNI interface using PIR /SIR.

e l u d e h c S

e l u d e h c S

e l u d e h c S d n g a n g i n d r i y a f i w s r s o a F l C

e l u d e h c S e l u d e h c S

Figure 16 GPON Downlink

5.3

using SP and

e l u d e h c S

d n g a n g i n d r i y a f i w s r s o a F l C

Qos

EPON QoS ZTE EPON QoS specifications with EPON are as the followings: On OLT side



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1)

2)

DBA is performed, the DBA will adjust the bandwidth of ONU dynamically, Support bandwidth mode： −

Fixed Bandwidth (FIR)

−

Assured Bandwidth (CIR )

−

Best Effort Bandwidth (CIR-PIR)

Traffic with different priority, comes from SNI, will be classified by 802.1p and mapped into the queue of traffic unit, which is given specific type with different bandwidth to guarantee the service QoS

On ONT side 1)

One LLID is supported in ONT

2)

Upstream bandwidth based on DBA

3)

4 queue mapping is based on 802.1p

For the GPON, There are two types of total QoS in GPON application mode, which are: •

EPON upli nk QoS The user traffic from UNI will be clarified and tagged with 802.1p COS. Different service will be mapped into different priority queues that will be scheduled by SP, WRR or SP+WRR. ONU configure CIR/PIR parameter according to services. OLT guarantee ONU enough bandwidth and SLA through DBA. OLT differentiated traffic through S-VLAN. OLT configure CIR/PIR according to different service. The detail QoS procedure is as following diagram.

Figure 17 EPON uplink QoS

•

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EPON Downli nk QoS




On OLT side: Traffic with different priority, comes from SNI, will be classified by 802.1p and mapped into the queue of traffic unit, which is given specific type with different bandwidth to guarantee the service QoS. The traffic in different priority queue will be scheduled by SP, WRR, SP+WRR. On ONU side: Traffic out of EPON Mac will be mapped to specific queue according to the 802.1p, then be scheduled and shaped to different SNI ports. The detail QoS procedure of downlink shown as the following.

Figure 18 EPON downlink QoS



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Document Title

6

Optical Distribution Network ODN PON network consist of OLT, ONU and ODN. ODN is the Optical fiber distribution network that consists of ODF, Fiber distribution Cabinet/Box, splitter, cool splice and other auxiliary fiber facilities.

6.1

OLT, ONU and Spl it ter Depl oy ment

6.1.1

OLT Deploym ent OLTs can be deployed in equipment rooms in offices or residential community access equipment rooms If OLTs are deployed in equipment rooms in offices, equipment maintenance is much convenient, but because a large number of optical fibers are deployed from the office to residential communities where fibers are distributed, the costs of fibers are rather high and there is a lot of construction work. If OLTs are deployed in residential community access equipment rooms where a multitude of user optical interfaces are provided, they are nearer to users. Because a large number of optical fibers from the office to residential communities are not necessary, fiber and construction costs are saved.

6.1.2

ONU Deploym ent Deployment of ONUs is divided into FTTH, FTTC, FTTB, FTTO, FTTCab, etc. If terminals on ONU side are deployed outdoors, installation positions, damage prevention, power supply, and other problems need to be taken into consideration; on the other hand, the construction and maintenance work is huge. If terminals on ONU side are deployed indoors, installation and maintenance are very simple, and various services can be offered to users conveniently. Thus it is the trend of development in future.

6.1.3

Optical Splitt er Deplo yment Theoretically, the nearer splitters to users, the more fiber resources are saved. However, during network design, costs of supporting facilities should be considered at the same time, that is, it is not worth attaching full importance to save fiber resources while neglecting costs of supporting facilities. Therefore, when users are relatively centralized, it is most suitable for splitters to be in weak electric-pump wells of the floors near users; when user density is not high, splitters can be placed in weak electric-pump wells on the first floors or equipment rooms, and a “secondary optical splitter” solution can be used in which splitters are flexibly configured with various coupling ratios to provide optical fiber access

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services for nearby floors. If users are relatively decentralized, such as in a villa neighborhood, splitters can be deployed in outdoor cabinets as well.

Figure 19 Splitter deployment scenarios

As the above diagram, there are 4 situations for the splitter deployment, which are splitter in Center office, Splitter installing in residential equipment room, splitter installing building corridor, splitter installing greened region between building and residential equipment room. •

splitter in Center office Splitter is installed in center office, which easy management, but that will need many fiber resources and engineering is also complex. We did not recommend this mode unless you should cover larger region and the density of population is not high.

•

Splitter installing in residential equipment room In this mode, Splitter placed in the equipment room, the cost of centralized wiring is low. Splitter is installed centralized, which cover many subscribers; also improve the utilization of PON.

•

splitter installing building corridor Splitter placed on the corridor, can save fiber at the most, but cover range is smaller and PON utilization is lower if the population density is not high.

•

splitter installing greened region Splitter placed in the outdoor cabinet, Splitter centralized deployment and the cost of fiber is low, and covers many subscribers; also improve the utilization of PON.



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Document Title

FTTH ODN Sol ut io n

6.2

ODN is the optical fiber distribution between OLT and ONU. For the FTTH solution, medial transport is pure fiber between OLT and ONU. OLT installed in center office and ONU deployed in subscriber home. The following topology structure of an FTTH system mainly refers to that of ODN. ODN is passive, that is, there did not need power supply.

Figure 20 FTTH ODN solution

From this diagram, ODN consists of five Optical fiber subsystem. They are jumper fiber subsystem system, Trunk Fiber subsystem, distribution Fiber system and Outdoor Fiber subsystem and indoor fiber subsystem. •

Jumper fiber subsystem This subsystem is from OLT to ODF in the center office. The major components are OLT, ODF.

•

Trunk Fiber subsystem This segment is the trunk optical fiber parts from the center office ODF to Fiber distribution Cabinet. Trunk fiber normally is armored fiber. Trunk fiber subsystem includes ODF, Fiber distribution box and cross-connection box. Sometime splitter can be installed into fiber distribution cabinet.

•

Distribution Fiber subsystem Distribution fiber subsystem is segment from Trunk fiber to Fiber distribution box of district or building. Splitter often installed in the distribution box of district and building.

•

Outdoor Drop fiber subsystem This subsystem distributed fiber from district distribution box to home. The fiber is ribbon fiber.

•

Indoor Drop fiber subsystem This part is the indoor fiber planning from the Fiber socket to the ONT/ONU.

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6.3

FTTB ODN Solu ti on FTTB ODN divided into two parts including Trunk fiber part and user fiber part. FTTB solution consists of OLT, ODF, Splitter, MTU (with PON and LAN)/MDU (with PON and DSL), and other Optical auxiliary components. The detail topology of FTTB is shown as the following diagram.

MTU OLT

MDU

Figure 21 FTTB ODN solution

The trunk fiber is armored fiber. Fiber Wiring box and splitter are install in the same cabinet which located in residential equipment room or outdoor cabinet near to a building. For FTTB, it often adopts one level splitter centralized. MTU/MDU is installed in weak electric well of building.

6.4

Typic al applic ation

6.4.1

Commerci al Zone Users in commercial area are more concentrated. It is recommended that OLT be placed in the access equipment room. A fiber splitter is installed in each layer or 2~3 adjacent layers. An optical splitter is installed in the fiber splitting box (It is general 1: 32) for “Level 1 Optical Splitter”. If users in one layer are more than 32, a separate level 1 splitter may be installed. If users in one layer are less than 32, multiple layers can share one level 1 fiber splitting box. Backbone optical fiber is laid in the fiber splitter via weak electric well by OLT. Its minimum fiber core capacity is determined by the total number of final users in the building and optical splitting ratio of optical splitter. Optical fiber splitter is directly connected to the user via user optical fiber, or for the convenience, to level 2 fiber splitting box, then to the user. At this time, level 2 fiber splitter is only used as splicing wire distribution convergence point, not optical splitting point.



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Document Title

Backbone optical cable

User

Level 2 wire distribution box

Level 1 wire distribution box

Access equipment room

OLT

User ODF rack Weak electric well

Figure 22 Commercial Building ODN Plan

6.4.2

Vill a Area Broadband users in villa area are generally separated. OLT can be placed in the machine room of the cell. To save optical cable resource, multi-level optical fiber splitting is used. Hang the backbone cable on the cable pole overhead or lay them underground with cell machine room as the center. Install a level 1 optical fiber splitter at an interval to cover the users nearby. For users far away from the backbone cable, install a level 2 optical fiber splitter to cover users around this area. Since level 2 optical fiber splitting box and the users are separated, a demultiplexer with small optical splitter is used.

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Figure 23

6.4.3

ODN Plan in a Villa

Multi-layer Bui ldi ng If a multi-layer building doesn’t have many users, OLT can be placed in the cell machine room or the central equipment room. An optical fiber splitter is generally used in a corridor or several corridors share an optical fiber splitting box. An optical splitter is used in the fiber splitting box. When there are many users in the corridor, just adopt “Level 1 Optical Fiber Splitting Box” . Whe n there are much more users in the corridor, adopt “Level 2 Optical Fiber Splitting Box” mode. User the optical fiber splitter in a corridor as the level 1 optical fiber splitting box, leading out optical fiber to the corridor nearby. Then, install a level 2 optical fiber splitting box, thus ensuring effective use of optical fiber resource.



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Document Title

Figure 24 Multi-layer ODN Plan

6.4.4

High Buil din g For high building, OLT can be placed in the access equipment room or cell equipment room. “Level 1 Optical Fiber Splitting” plan is generally recommended: Use an optical fiber splitter for several layers and install it in the weak electric well. Put the optical splitter in the optical fiber splitting box, which directly cover users in many layers. If level 2 optical fiber splitter is used, it can only be used as splicing wire distribution convergence point, not optical fiber splitting point. If user density is very low, to save the backbone optical fiber resource, level 2 optical fiber splitting mode can be considered. Advantage of the level 2 optical fiber splitter is that it can fully save optical fiber resource. The loss will be more, and the maintenance work will increase.

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Backbone optical cable

Splitter and wiring box

Access equipment room

OLT

Splitter and wiring box

ODF rack

Weak electric well

Figure 25 High Building ODN Plan



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ZTE PON Solution

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