Water Sup Suppl ply y Code of A ustr us tra alia li a WSA 03—2002-2.3
Melb Me lbou ourn rne e Re Retail tail Water Water Age Ag enc ncies ies Edi Editi tion on (Includi ng Cit y West Water, South Ea East st Water & Yarra Valley Valley Water)
Vers Ve rsio io n 1.0
Previous edition WSA 03: 1999
2
WSA 03—2002-2.3
ACK A CK NOW L EDGMEN EDG MENTS TS
The WSAA Board would like to express its appreciation to WSAA Members, Associates and staff for their contributions to the revision of the first edition of the Code. Contributions from other industry organisations and individuals are also gratefully acknowledged. In particular the following contributors deserve special mention for their productive work and commitment to the revision of this Code: Kevin Dawson
Yarra Valley Water Limited
Mike Hordern
Sydney Water Corporation
Gordon Logan
South East Water Limited
Greg Moore
South Australia Water Corporation
Barry Nelson
Sydney Water Corporation
Greg Rosser
SA Water Corporation
Ian Wight
Power and Water Corporation Grogan Richards Pty Ltd
Standard drawings by Loburn Pty Ltd, West Lakes, South Australia. DISCLAIMER
WSAA Codes are published by the Water Services Association of Australia Inc. on the understanding that: •
•
The Water Services Association of Australia Inc. and individual contributors are not responsible for the results of any action taken on the basis of information in the Water Supply Code of Australia, nor any errors or omissions. The Water Services Association of Australia Inc. and individual contributors disclaim all and any liability to any person in respect of anything, and the consequences of anything, done or omitted to be done by a person in reliance upon the whole or any part of the Water Supply Code of Australia.
PUBLICATION DETAILS
Published by: Water Services Association of Australia Inc. 469 Latrobe Street Melbourne Victoria 3000 Australia ISBN 1 8760 8867 2 COPYRIGHT
Water Services Association of Australia will permit up to 10 percent of Parts 1 and 2 of this Code to be copied for use exclusively in house by purchasers of this Code without payment of a royalty or giving advice to Water Services Association of Australia Inc. Water Services Associa Ass ociatio tion n of Austra Aus tralia lia will wil l also als o permit perm it some som e or all of Parts Par ts 3 and 4 of the Code to be copied for use in contract documentation. © Copyright 2002 by WATER SERVICES ASSOCIATION of Australia Inc. AL A L L RESERVED .
RIG HTS
2
WSA 03—2002-2.3
ACK A CK NOW L EDGMEN EDG MENTS TS
The WSAA Board would like to express its appreciation to WSAA Members, Associates and staff for their contributions to the revision of the first edition of the Code. Contributions from other industry organisations and individuals are also gratefully acknowledged. In particular the following contributors deserve special mention for their productive work and commitment to the revision of this Code: Kevin Dawson
Yarra Valley Water Limited
Mike Hordern
Sydney Water Corporation
Gordon Logan
South East Water Limited
Greg Moore
South Australia Water Corporation
Barry Nelson
Sydney Water Corporation
Greg Rosser
SA Water Corporation
Ian Wight
Power and Water Corporation Grogan Richards Pty Ltd
Standard drawings by Loburn Pty Ltd, West Lakes, South Australia. DISCLAIMER
WSAA Codes are published by the Water Services Association of Australia Inc. on the understanding that: •
•
The Water Services Association of Australia Inc. and individual contributors are not responsible for the results of any action taken on the basis of information in the Water Supply Code of Australia, nor any errors or omissions. The Water Services Association of Australia Inc. and individual contributors disclaim all and any liability to any person in respect of anything, and the consequences of anything, done or omitted to be done by a person in reliance upon the whole or any part of the Water Supply Code of Australia.
PUBLICATION DETAILS
Published by: Water Services Association of Australia Inc. 469 Latrobe Street Melbourne Victoria 3000 Australia ISBN 1 8760 8867 2 COPYRIGHT
Water Services Association of Australia will permit up to 10 percent of Parts 1 and 2 of this Code to be copied for use exclusively in house by purchasers of this Code without payment of a royalty or giving advice to Water Services Association of Australia Inc. Water Services Associa Ass ociatio tion n of Austra Aus tralia lia will wil l also als o permit perm it some som e or all of Parts Par ts 3 and 4 of the Code to be copied for use in contract documentation. © Copyright 2002 by WATER SERVICES ASSOCIATION of Australia Inc. AL A L L RESERVED .
RIG HTS
3
WSA 03—2002-2.3
FOREWORD
It gives me great pleasure to present the second edition of the Water Supply Code of Au A u s t r al i a. An initi in itiati ative ve of the of the Water Services Association of Australia (WSAA), this revised edition brings together my members’ and associates’ collective experiences of adoption of the first edition into their asset creation processes. This revised edition also now addresses the design and construction of water supply, as distinct from reticulation only. However, the clear benefits of this initiative extend beyond my members to the wider Austra Aus tralia lian n commun com munity ity.. The perfo per forma rmance nce of networ net work k infras inf rastru tructu cture re is fundam fun dament ental al to achieving excellence in community health, customer service, environmental sustainability, and delivering cost effective water and sewerage services. This revised Code will make a practical contribution to better achieving those goals. Cost savings in design and construction can deliver major benefits. Currently, water supply networks accounts for 65% of the $26 billion current replacement costs of the total water supply infrastructure in Australia’s major cities. Sewage collection systems account for 82% of the $28 billion current replacement cost of the total sewerage infrastructure. Water utilities and the urban development industry are investing some $500 million annually in water and sewerage networks. Water supply and sewerage networks are made up of a multitude of components including pipes, fittings, valves, connectors, access chambers and so on. Historically, Australia’s urban water utilities have developed local standards and codes for the design and construction of these networks. The wide variety of requirements for pipeline systems, designed to achieve essentially the same objectives, has created small fragmented markets for those components leading to higher costs. Standards have also focussed more on prescription than the performance required. Costs are high, innovation is stifled and export opportunities lost. The Water Services Association of Australia is ideally positioned to provide national leadership in actively prosecuting its National Codes Initiative. As an industry association of the major urban water utilities in Australia, WSAA’s 22 members supply some 14 million Austra Aus tralia lians ns with wit h water wat er and an d sewera sew erage ge servic ser vices. es. In devel dev elopi oping ng Codes Cod es of practi pra ctice, ce, WSAA is working to provide a complete asset management framework to support the total life cycle of our network infrastructure. Best practice and strategic standardisation are the principal drivers to delivering living codes and ensuring that water and sewerage assets are fit for purpose and cost effective. Materials and product specifications, quality assurance policies, certification programs, design and construction codes, research and development initiatives and competencybased training schemes will support and form a total package of industry practices that can deliver the outcomes for an internationally competitive Australian water industry. Dr John Langford BE (Ag) PhD FTSE FIE Aust Executive Director of the Water Services Association of Australia
4
WSA 03—2002-2.3
CONTENTS PREFACE
6
INTRODUCTION
9
PART 0: GL OSSARY OF TERMS AND AB BREVIATIONS
I Glossary of Terms
13
II Abbreviatio ns
25
III Referenced Documents
28
IV Other References
32
PART 1: PL ANNING AND DESIGN
Contents
36
1 General
42
2 System Planning
52
3 Hydraulic Design
66
4 General Design
76
5 Structural Design
95
6 Appurtenance s
105
7 Design Review and Drawings
123
PART 2: PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS
Contents
132
8 Products and Materials Overview
134
Appendix A Quality Assurance of Products and Materials
145
PART 3: CONSTRUCTION
Contents
152
9 General
157
10 Quality
159
11 General Construction
162
12 Products and Materials
173
13 Excavation
177
14 Bedding for Pipes
180
15 Pipe Laying and Jointing
182
16 Pipe Embedment and Support
189
17 Fill
192
18 Swabbing
194
19 Acceptance Testing
196
20 Disinfectio n
203
5
WSA 03—2002-2.3
21 Tolerances on As-Constructed Work
205
22 Connections
207
to Existing Water Mains
23 Restoration
209
24 Work As Constructed Details
211
PART 4: STA NDARD DRAWINGS
Contents
214
25 Introduction
216
26 Listing of Standard Drawings
218
27 Commentary on WAT-1100 Series Drawings
220
28 Commentary on WAT-1200 Series Drawings
224
29 Commentary on WAT-1300 Series Drawings
229
30 Commentary on WAT-1400 Series Drawings
232
STANDARD DRAWINGS
235
WAT-1100 Series Drawings – Pipeline Layout WAT-1200 Series Drawings – Embedment, Trench Fill And Restraints WAT-1300 Series Drawings – Installation Practices And Structures WAT-1400 Series Drawings – Fabrication Details
WSA 03—2002-2.3
6
PREFACE THE NEED FOR TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
The Water Supply Code of Australia, together with a Water Agency supplement and other referenced documents, sets an Agency’s requirements for: •
•
Minimum acceptable technical criteria for design and construction of water supply and reticulation networks; and Manufacture and supply of associated products and materials.
This set of documentation has a number of benefits. It: •
enables ready acquisition from different suppliers of assets of a recognised acceptable quality;
•
ensures assets have acceptable levels of buildability, operability and maintainability;
•
takes account of whole-of-life costs;
•
• •
•
facilitates efficient design and construction i.e. it obviates the need for Water Agencies to develop and maintain their own standards; limits risk exposure of both the principal and suppliers; facilitates controlled improvements to asset designs, usage of products and materials, and construction and acceptance testing methods; and facilitates quality assurance and inspection.
THE BENEFITS OF NATIONAL CODES
Historically, Australia’s urban water authorities developed and enforced their own parochial standards for design, construction, materials and products. The wide variety of requirements for pipeline systems created small, fragmented markets and hindered the mobility of suppliers, leading to higher costs than necessary. National Codes, which commenced publication 1999: • •
•
•
•
facilitate consistent national reform and regulation of the water industry; provide a transitional mechanism for sharing water-industry specialist expertise as internal Water Agency resources diminish; provide a common technical reference for the development of industry training and skills accreditation programs for private sector suppliers; enhance the mobility of suppliers e.g. designers and constructors by reducing parochial technical impediments to trade; and improve the Australian water industry’s interface with international water companies.
WSAA members and associate members have adopted the first editions of the Codes with supplementary requirements and technical variations. The second editions of the Codes address many of the supplementary requirements and variations such that the extent of the Agency supplements is expected to decrease markedly. The Codes are presented in “performance based” terms together with “deemed-to-comply” solutions. Alternative solutions may be accepted provided it can be demonstrated that they meet the performance requirements.
7
WSA 03—2002-2.3
INNOVATION
The word “innovation” has become a euphemism for doing anything differently, though not necessarily better. Dictionaries variously define innovation as “to introduce novelties i.e. anything new or strange; to make changes”. On closer scrutiny, many changes may be shown to be technically inferior and/or more costly in life cycle terms. Standardisation and innovation are somewhat conflicting but associated concepts, some characteristics of which are outlined below. Standardisation may generate a number of benefits; however, without innovation, standards can lock in historical practice at the expense of best practice. STANDARDISATION
INNOVATION
•
In a changing market, standardisation may not be practicable
•
Innovation is necessary in all markets and precedes standardisation
•
Standardisation reduces complexity
•
Innovation thrives on complexity
•
Standardisation facilitates training
•
Innovation frustrates training
•
Standardisation requires pragmatism, compromise and consensus
•
Innovation requires creativity and courage
•
Standardisation may lead to sub-optimisation
•
Innovation seeks optimisation
•
Standardisation aids in management of risk and costs in a large market
•
Innovation’s risk and costs increase with the scale of its initial implementation
Genuine innovative ideas and methods that enhance functionality and reduce life cycle costs are to be encouraged but must be considered and adopted through an appropriate screening process. WSAA members have agreed to inform each other of innovative trials, to share information and to work with one another and with industry in challenging accepted standards and practices and achieving more effective and efficient outcomes. Designs/Construction Practices:
WSAA has developed a national product appraisal system that provides a single point of entry into the market for strategic product manufacturers, developers and innovators. Whilst a successfully appraised product will generally have universal appeal, it should be clearly understood that a finding by WSAA that a product is ‘fit for purpose’ and has ’acceptable life expectancy’ does not automatically mean it is authorised for use by a Water Agency. Other considerations may necessitate restrictions being placed on the number or type of products accepted for use in a particular network. Products:
HYPOTHETICAL EXAMPLE OF THE USE OF THE WATER SUPPLY CODE
When an agency’s administrative and process requirements are contractually coupled with this Code, the scenario outlined below illustrates a typical use of the Water Supply Code of Australia in asset creation. Concept Plan
The Agency’s Concept Plan defines the broad water supply management objectives and states the available system to which the planned scheme will connect, allowable pressures and flows and, if necessary, augmentation requirements. For a small development, the Plan may simply state the point of connection for a nominally sized reticulation system.
WSA 03—2002-2.3
8
Agen cy / Dev el opmen t Agreem en t
The Agency, via a formal agreement or contract, instructs the Developer that all network infrastructure shall comply with the “deemed-to-comply” technical requirements of the Code. Special or alternative technical solutions would require formal approval by the Agency’s representative. Project Manager
Accountability for the total project design, construction and connection is vested in a Project Manager who is responsible for managing all facets of the project, including procurement of design, construction and testing services. The Project Manager’s system would include the necessary procedures, check lists etc addressing the Agency’s process and administrative requirements and technical elements of the Code. The Project Manager is responsible for ensuring that all suppliers have the necessary technical qualifications / accreditation. Design
Under the control of the Project Manager’s management system and using the Code as the principal design input, the Designer prepares Design Drawings in which the scheme layout, component sizing, class and material options comply with the criteria of the Code. Project Specification
The Designer (or Project Manager) prepares a project Specification, to accompany the Design Drawings, for issue to the Constructor. The project Specification may be prepared by “cutting and pasting” standard elements of Part 3: Construction, and including reference to or attachment of the relevant Standard Drawings (Part 4) and Purchase Specifications (WSAA website). Constructor
The Constructor is engaged by the Project Manager to build the asset in accordance with the project Specification. The Constructor works under the control of the Project Manager’s management system, including adherence to ITPs, witness and hold points etc. The Constructor is responsible for ensuring that all procured materials and products are listed in an Agency’s authorised products schedule and/or comply with the nominated Purchase Specifications, as well as being stored and installed without damage and in accordance with the Specification and Design Drawings. The Constructor provides details to the Designer for preparation of work-as-constructed drawings. Testing
Testers (compaction, pressure, etc) work under the Project Manager’s control and conduct tests in accordance with the requirements of the Code. THE WSAA WEBSITE
The first editions of the Codes contained a wide variety of product guidance and information. A decision has been made to transfer most of that information to the WSAA website www.wsaa.asn.au where it can more efficiently be managed and kept current. The following information is now available from the website. More information may be added over the life of this edition: Purchase Specifications • Product and Material Information and Guidance • Water Industry Product Standards • Technical Notes • Product Appraisal Reports •
9
WSA 03—2002-2.3
INTRODUCTION SCOPE OF CODE
The Water Supply Code of Australia covers the planning, design and construction of transfer, distribution and reticulation mains and service pipes up to DN 1200 and larger. The Code does not specifically address water reticulation used in private and community title developments that are connected to a Water Agency’s reticulation system. However, where those mains are likely to be maintained by the Water Agency or its contractor, it is recommended that the Water Supply Code be adopted as a “deemed-to-comply” solution for the water services specified in the National Plumbing and Drainage Standard AS/NZS 3500.1.1: Water supply—Performance requirements. CODE STRUCTURE
The Water Supply Code of Australia is made up of separate parts, which address the technical requirements of the design and construction elements of the Water Agency asset creation and renewal processes. Each part of the Code is divided into sections and clauses with supporting figures and tables. Part 4 of the Code al so has commentari es relevant to each se ries of Standard Drawings. A glossary of terms and interpretation of abbreviations is provided in Part 0, together with a list of referenced documents. CODE PURPOSE
The primary purpose of the Water Supply Code of Australia is to document technical best practice for design and construction of quality water networks. The Code is an element of the overall asset management framework that WSAA is developing for its members’ network infrastructure. The Code focuses on asset creation, but it could be used for some of the intervention options such as replacement and renewal that may be necessary with aging assets. The Code is intended for Planners, Designers and Constructors servicing the land development industry and for contract work done on behalf of Water Agencies for asset management. The Code does not provide administrative or process guidance that is specific to each Water Agency, which will be dependent on the nature of the works, whether they are developer or capital works employing Deed of Agreement or contract documents. The Water Supply Code of Australia Melbourne Retail Water Agencies Edition includes: The Water Agencies’ requirements for specific detail which the Code anticipates • individual water agencies will address, and additions, deletions and variations to the Code where the Code’s requirements are • not compatible with the Water Agencies’ current requirements (due to local practice, climatic, geographic and topographic conditions and statutory requirements, etc) or where the Code is otherwise silent. Any reference to the Water Supply Code of Australia (“the Code”) shall be deemed to refer to the Melbourne Retail Water Agencies Edition of the Code. The Code specifies mandatory requirements for the design and construction of water mains that are to become the responsibility of the Water Agencies. The Water Agencies reserve the right to specify or approve other design and/or construction requirement s for particular projects and/or developments. Before
WSA 03—2002-2.3
10
commencement of any construction, the Water Agency’s approval shall be obtained to any design and/or installation that does not comply with the Code. MANDATORY A ND INFORMATIVE
The Code provides a mixture of mandatory and informative statements. The mandatory requirements are a mixture of both prescriptive and performance requirements. Overall, the Code provides “deemed-to-comply” solutions to the planning, design and construction of water supply and reticulation mains and service pipes. The development of a fully performance-based code underpinned by a standard “deemed-tocomply” solution document is high on WSAA’s agenda. The information and guidance (informative text) contained in the Code has been deliberately interspersed throughout the mandatory requirements to provide some context and enable better understanding of the mandatory requirements. Informative text has been italicised to enable clearer differentiation. However, it is emphasised that the exact approach taken to all aspects of a particular water supply or reticulation project is the decision of the Water Agency and Planners, Designers and Constructors involved in each project. This Code provides technical information to aid in that process. PURCHASE SPECIFICATIONS
The WSAA materials network, in conjunction with product suppliers, has developed a suite of default Purchase Specifications to assist with preparation of contract documentation. The Purchase Specifications have been kept as clear and simple as possible and do not repeat the need for requirements that are already covered by the relevant product standard. A range of quality assurance options based on international practice and commensurate with the risk of failure have been adopted. The Purchase Specifications have been placed on the WSAA website for ease of access and to enable regular updating and improvements. Each Purchase Specification is freely downloadable. It is anticipated that Purchase Specifications will be revised over the life of this edition to reflect changes in Standards and advice from users. Similarly, additional Purchase Specifications may be published. PROPOSED AMENDMENTS
WSAA invites users of this Code and its supporting documentation to propose amendments. An amendment proforma can be downloaded from www.wsaa.asn.au. To increase the likelihood of suggested amendments being adopted, it is recommended that users of the Code seek preliminary review by and support of a WSAA Member or Associate or other relevant organisation, for example, CSIRO, Civil Contractors Federation or PIPA for inclusion with the submission. Amendments will be published from time to time on the WSAA web site. Users may register their interest so that published amendments can be emailed directly. To register, please submit your name, position, company and contact details, together with the WSAA Code titles in which you have an interest, to
[email protected] . Users of the Melbourne Retail Water Agencies Edition of the Code are invited to suggest amendments or improvements to the technical content and format or style of the document by emailing suggestions to: City West Water – standards @citywestwater.com.au •
11
WSA 03—2002-2.3
South East Water –
[email protected] Yarra Valley Water –
[email protected]
• •
USING THE HARD COPY VERSION OF THE CODE
As you read through the Code, you will note that a bold vertical line appears in the lefthand margin beside some clauses and paragraphs or parts thereof. The line indicates that there has been an amendment made by the Water Agencies (or any one of them) to that particular paragraph or clause of the WSAA edition i.e. material has been modified, added and/or deleted. Where a short vertical marginal line appears beside a space or blank line between paragraphs or clauses, it signifies that material has been deleted at that point. A suffix “-V” has been added to any WSAA Standard Drawing modified or varied by the Water Agencies and a suffix “-M” on the drawing number denotes an added or new Water Agency drawing (Refer Clauses MRWA 25.3 and MRWA 25.4). Provided the requirements of the Code as they appear in the Melbourne Retail Water Agencies Edition are followed, it is not necessary that you understand what changes or where such changes to the WSAA edition have been made. USING THE ELECTRONIC VERSION OF THE CODE
As with the hard copy of the Code, a bold vertical black line in the left-hand margin beside (or between) some paragraphs and clauses indicates that there is a Water Agency variation to that particular part of the Code i.e. material has been modified, added and/or deleted. In addition to the marginal marking, modified and/or added text appears in a violet font. If you utilise any hyperlinks within the documents, choose the “Previous View” (not “Previous Page”) button to return to where you were when you first activated the hyperlink. In addition to modified or added Water Agency drawings having a suffix (-V or –M) on the drawing number, such drawings also appear on screen in a violet colour. CONDITIONS OF SUPPLY OF MELB OURNE RETAIL WATER AGENCY STANDARDS
MRWA Standards are supplied subject to the following understandings and conditions: i.
MRWA Standards are copyright and apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no parts of the documents may be sold, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of MRWA.
ii.
MRWA Standards are intended for use in connection with MRWA related projects only.
iii.
MRWA do not warrant the applicability of MRWA Standards to climates, topography, soil types, water and sewage characteristics and other local conditions and factors that may be encountered outside MRWA’s area of operations.
iv.
The holder of MRWA Standards acknowledges that they may contain errors and/or omissions.
v.
MRWA accepts no responsibili ty for any works or parts thereof which may contain design and/or construction defects due to errors or omissions in any part of a MRWA Standard which has not been prepared or formatted by MRWA.
vi.
MRWA accepts no responsibili ty for the incorrect application of MRWA Standards by the holder or any other party.
Water Supply Code of A ustralia WSA 03—2002-2.3 Melbourne Retail Water Agencies Edition (Includi ng Cit y West Water, South East Water & Yarra Valley Water)
Versio n 1.0
Part 0: Glossary of Terms, Abbreviations and Ref erences
13
WSA 03—2002-2.3
I GLOSSARY OF TERMS The purpose of this glossary is to assist in interpreting terminology used in the various parts of the Water Supply Code of Australia. The terms and definitions are adopted from various sources including: •
Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 2566.1, Buried flexible pipelines Part 1: Structural design British Standard BS EN 805:2000, Water supply—Requi rements for systems and components outside buildings
•
Glossary of Building Terms published jointly by National Committee on Rationalised Building (NCRB), Standards Australia and Suppliers Index Pty Ltd
•
•
•
Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 3500 National Plumbing and Drainage Code Part 0: Glossary of terms A Guide to Testing of Water Supply Pipelines and Sewer Rising Mains, 1st Edition, June 1999, WRc plc
•
The Drinking Water Dictionary, 1st Edition, 2000, American Water Works Association
•
Water Agency documentation
Term
Definition
access chamber
A below-ground structure with a cover constructed in the line of a water main to facilitate operation, testing and/or maintenance of the system. It will generally contain appurtenances such as valves
access cover
A removable cover that is installed at or above finished surface level on an access chamber to allow access to appurtenances
aggressive soil
Soil which could have a corrosive or other adverse effect on a pipeline component and which requires special consideration with respect to protective measures. See also contaminated soil
alignment of mains
Positioning of mains relative to locations such as property boundaries or the Water Agency’s space allocation in the road reserve
allotment
See lot
allowable operating pressure, A OP
Pressure rating marked on a pipe, fitting or appurtenance indicating the maximum pressure at which it can operate throughout its design life at a specified reference temperature, generally 20°C. The rated pressure incorporates a safety factor. The rated pressure for plastic materials must be adjusted for temperature
allowable site test pressure
Maximum hydrostatic pressure that a newly installed component is capable of withstanding for short durations (generally<24 h), in order to demonstrate the integrity and tightness of the water main
Authorised
Acceptable to, authorised by or approved by the Water Agency or Owner or Regulator
14
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Term
Definition
Austral ian Hei ght Datum, AHD
A level datum, uniform throughout Australia, derived from mean sea level observations at 30 tide gauge locations located along the Australian coastline and used as a base reference for “derived” datum levels throughout Australia; replaces “Australian Levelling Survey”
average day demand
The total water demand per year for a given area or category of development divided by 365
backfill
Material (including embedment and trench fill) and procedure used to fill an excavation. See also engineered fill
balancing storage
See operating storage
bedding
Zone between the foundation and the bottom of a pipeline. See also embedment
boring
A method of machine excavation working from a shaft or pit and creating a cylindrical tunnel slightly larger than the pipeline
boundary
Survey line separating adjoining properties for the purposes of defining ownership/title
bulkhead
A structural partition across a pipeline trench, built to minimise longitudinal and lateral movement of the pipeline, to minimise ground movement in the trench, and to restrict movement of fines within and along the trench caused by infiltration and ground water flow through the embedment and trench fill materials
cathodic protection
Partial or complete protection of a metal from corrosion by making it the cathode, using either galvanic or impressed current. It is usually applied to mitigate external corrosion of electrically continuous welded steel buried pipelines and internal corrosion of welded steel service reservoirs
carriageway
Portion of a road or bridge assigned to the movement of vehicles, inclusive of any shoulders and auxiliary lanes. It is designated as that part of a public road(way) between kerbs. See also local road, major road, road, road reserve
coating
Additional organic or inorganic material applied to the internal and/or external surface of a pipeline component at a specified film thickness, which is intended to provide long-term protection from corrosion, mechanical damage and/or chemical attack. Such coatings require special surface preparation and application techniques. See also lining
common trenching
See shared trenching
Concept Plan
A package of information provided to the designer by the Water Agency to enable the appropriate planning / design of major water system components to be performed
Constructor
An individual, corporation or legal entity including any contractors and sub-contractors that is accountable at law for delivery of Works under a specific contract or development agreement
contaminated soil
Soil that has been affected by previous land use or by direct or indirect infiltration of chemicals or other substances such that it requires special consideration. See also aggressive soil
controlled fill
See engineered fill
15
Term
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Definition
control valve
A valve designed to alter flow and pressure in the pipework on either side of the control valve to achieve the required operational outcomes
corrosion
Deterioration of a material and alteration of its properties due to chemical or electrochemical reaction between the material and its environment
dead water
Water that is not useable. For example, water below the outlet level of a reservoir or tank
demand
Volume of water used by customers during a certain time interval from a water supply system
demand forecasting
Process of anticipating volumes of water required to meet customers’ peak (maximum) hourly, daily and annual requirements
Design Drawings
Plans and drawings required for the construction of the water supply transfer, distribution or reticulation systems and showing the locality including roads and water main details, the site plan including lots, boundaries, roads, proposed and existing water mains, proposed property services, sewers, drains, watercourses, site contours, proposed aqueducts, proposed boreholes, a level schedule or longitudinal elevation if the water main is to be constructed prior to road or drainage construction and construction details. Supplementary information may include proposed buildings, existing services and groundwater and watercourse levels
design period
Period of time a design analysis should cover in order to size system facilities (such as service reservoirs, pumping stations and water filtration plants). It is the number of consecutive days that the daily demand factor exceeds the ratio of supply (or input) capacity to maximum day demand
design pressures, DP
Limiting pressures, both maximum and minimum, that the designer allows for in the design of a pipeline system. These pressures are used to determine: (a) the extent of the proposed development that may be serviced, in terms of elevation (acceptable range of residual pressures) and distance (acceptable minimum residual pressure after headlosses); (b) a suitable pipe material to meet expected operating pressures for the duration of the system life; and (c) structural requirements associated with the pipeline pressure
Designer
Person(s) or firm responsible for a design output. Such person or firm may be accountable to a Project Manager or other person having responsibility under a contract or otherwise
Developer
A person, organisation, local government authority or government authority (other than the Water Agency) responsible for provision of a water supply scheme or water reticulation system
diurnal pressure variation
A daily variation in system pressure, at any location, between periods of high and low water usage (normally between day and night)
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Term
16
Definition
distributio n main
A water main serving as the principal dist ributor within the supply area, normally without direct consumer connections
distribution network
A combination (network) of larger diameter water mains necessary to ensure an adequate supply of water to, and within, reticulation networks (systems)
dog leg
A pref abricated section of pipe incorporating bends to cater for a variation in alignment
drinking water
Water that is suitable for human consumption, food preparation, utensil washing and oral hygiene. For the purposes of this code, drinking water is cold water at a temperature ≤40°C (adapted from AS/NZS 4020)
dual service
A service pipe that bifurcates to provide two property connect ions from a single tapping of the water main
duplicate main
An additional main, laid parallel to the original main (usually on the other side of the road), to service allotments that can not be easily serviced from the original main. See also rider main
dynamic p ressure head
When a pump is operating, vertical distance from a reference point (such as a pump centre line) to the hydraulic grade line
easement
A right held by one part y to make use of the land of another for certain purposes
embankment f ill
Fill material placed over the overlay for the purpose of creating an embankment
embedment
Zones around a pipe between the foundation, the trench or embankment fill and the trench walls. See bedding, haunch support, side support and overlay
end of pipe
A termination of a pipeline with no provision for access from the surface
engineered fil l
Fill that has been selected, placed and compacted to meet specified performance criteria
existing surface level
Undisturbed ground surface
fatigue de-rating
An allowance made, during the design process, for the reduced performance of products (particularly plastics) as a result of anticipated cyclic loadings within the system
ferrule
A component used to connect a service pipe to a main, usually capable of shutting off the flow of water to the service pipe
finished s urface
Paved or unpaved surface of a filled t rench or an embankment
finished s urface level, FSL
Ground level at the completion of construction and landscaping
fire flow demand
Quantity of water required for fire fighting purposes often expressed as a flow rate for a particular time period
fitting
A component of a pipeline, other than a pipe, which allows pipeline deviation, change of direction or bore. In addition, valves, flanged-socketed pieces, flanged-spigot pieces, collars and couplings are also defined as fittings
17
Term
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Definition
flexible joint
A joint that permits significant angular deflection, both during and after installation, and which can accept a slight offset to the centreline
flexible pipe
A pipe that relies primarily upon side support to resist vertical loads without excessive deformation. Flexible pipe materials include PVC, GRP, PE, steel and ductile iron
footpath
A formed pavement for pedestrians, especially one at the side of a road in the footway. See also footway
footway
A strip of land between the front boundary of a lot and the kerb or carriageway. Also known as nature strip or verge in some regions of Australia. See also carriageway
foundation
A naturally occurring or replaced material beneath the bedding
gravity system
A system wherein flow and/or pressure are caused by the force of gravity. There are two kinds of such systems: Pressurised gravity system, where the pipeline operates full; • and Non-pressurised gravity system, where the pipeline • operates partially full
haunch support
That part of the side support below the spring line of a pipeline
head, H
Pressure expressed in terms of the height of a column of water (in metres). The head is a factor of 9.81 (nominally 10) lower than the equivalent value in kPa, e.g. 800 kPa ≅ 80 m
hold point
A point beyond which an activity may not proceed without the approval of a designated organisation or authority
hydraulic grade lin e, HGL
A line (hydraulic profile) indicating the piezometric level of flow at all points along a conduit, open channel or stream. In pipes under pressure, each point on the hydraulic profile is an elevation expressed as the sum of the height associated with the pipe elevation and the pipe pressure (head)
Improvements
Pavements, shrubs, gardens, retaining walls, fences and all other structures
joint
A connection between the ends of two pipeline components including the means of sealing
k-value
Colebrook-White roughness coefficient; a measure of the interior roughness of a pipe
layout of main
Nominal route of a main, generally shown in terms of specific roads, reserves and/or easements
lining
Additional organic or inorganic material applied to the internal surface of a pipeline component at a specified thickness, which is intended to provide long-term protection from corrosion, mechanical damage and/or chemical attack. Such linings require special surface preparation and application techniques. See also coating
local planning authority
Local municipal council or local government body or appeals board authorised to administer or arbitrate government town planning legislation
18
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Term
Definition
local road
A road, under the control of the local government or council, with load restriction, or one that carries less than 200 commercial vehicles per day in each direction. See road, major road
lot
A property for which a separate title may be held or issued, and which will be serviced by the water reticulation system
major road
A collective term for any freeway, expressway, arterial road or distributor road. See road, local road
maximum allowable operating pressure, MAOP
Maximum hydrostatic pressure that can be sustained, with a factor of safety, by the type or class of pipe for its estimated useful life under anticipated operating conditions
maximum day demand
See peak day demand
maximum design pressure
Maximum operating pressure of the system or of the pressure zone as fixed by the Designer, considering future developments, all other foreseeable operating conditions and including an allowance for surge
maximum hour demand
Maximum demand which a system or part of a system is required to supply in any one hour of the year (also called peak hour demand). It is often expressed as a daily rate
maximum working pressure
See maximum allowable operating pressure
Melbourne Retail Water Agency Standards
Nominated National Codes which may incorporate specific Melbourne Water Retail Agency requirements for design and construction of infrastructure and the manufacture and supply of associated products and materials, and other documents including supplements to National Codes prepared and published or adopted by Melbourne Retail Water Agencies from time to time, which further set out such requirements
minimum design pressure
Lower limiting pressure that the Designer allows for in the design of a pipeline system. This pressure is selected to ensure: Acceptable minimum residual pressure for the types of • development; and Acceptable range of residual pressures (between operating • pressure limits) In the selection of pipe material, transient pressures below the minimum design pressure should be taken into account
minor road
See local road
Nation al Codes
The Water Supply Code of Australia, the Sewerage Code of Australia and other codes and documents published from time to time by the Water Services Association of Australia
network analysis
A process of analysing a water supply system by using a computer software network modelling package. Also known as dynamic system analysis
19
Term
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Definition
nominal size, DN
An alphanumeric designation of size for components of a pipeline system, which is used for reference purposes. It comprises the letters DN followed by a dimensionless whole number, which is indirectly related to the physical size, in millimetres, of the bore or outside diameter of the end connections
offset
A distance specifying the location of the centreline of a pipeline, generally measured perpendicular from a title boundary
operating pressure, OP
Internal pressure that occurs at a particular time and at a particular point in a water supply system For gravity systems, maximum operating pressure is the full supply level of the reservoir, less the lowest ground level applicable to the pipeline, plus surge. For pumped systems, maximum operating pressure is the greater of: The surge HGL less the ground level, or • The maximum pump suction HGL plus the no discharge • head of the pump, less the lowest ground level. Minimum operating pressure is due to maximum headloss conditions i.e. minimum supply pressure to the zone combined with peak demand in the zone (maximum water velocity through the pipelines)
operating pressure limit
Maximum pressure to which the Water Agency will permit a pipeline of particular material and class to be subjected in service. It typically results in a de-rating of the pipe pressure class e.g. 1.2 MPa for a Class 16 pipe
operating storage
Amount of storage provided to accommodate diurnal fluctuations in demand and to cater for demands exceeding the maximum available inflow rate (also called balancing storage or equalising storage)
overlay
Zone between the side support and either the trench fill or the embankment fill
Owner
Agency, Authority, Board, Company, Controlling Authority, Corporation, Council, Department, Individual, Regulator, Utility or other legal entity who is the owner of the asset and/or who has responsibility for the asset
peak day demand
Maximum demand in any one day of the year. A day is typically taken as any 24 hour period ending at 07:00 (also called maximum day demand )
pipe
A pipeline component of uniform bore, normally straight in axis, having socket, spigot or flanged ends
per capita consumption
An estimate of the water usage in a community, including residential, industrial and commercial, determined by dividing the total water used by the number of persons using it. It is the average amount of water used by a person within a given period of time and is most commonly expressed in units of litres per capita per day
pipe barrel
Cylindrical part of the pipe with a uniform cross section excluding socket and spigot or flanges where relevant
20
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Term
Definition
pitot point
A chlorination injection point. This assembly consists of a 20 mm tapping and gate or ball valve. It is specified on designs for mains in some cases where there is no hydrant adjacent to a valve at the point of supply
potable water
See drinking water
pressur e creep
A tendency for pressure, which is normally controlled at a particular upper level, to rise toward a potential maximum pressure when conditions necessary for the control are reduced. Examples of this effect in pipelines are: •
•
The pressure increase when flow rates reduce to less than the usual (designed) minimum The pressure increase downstream of a PRV when the flow rate reduces to less than that required for the PRV to operate effectively
pressure rating
See allowable operating pressure
pressure surge
See surge
pressur e zone
A reticulated supply area connected to a controlled water pressure source (typically a service reservoir or tank), covering a limited area and range of elevations to enable supply within a range of minimum and maximum operating pressures
property service
Portion of a property water service from main to meter location. See also service pipe
pumped and gravity A system where gravity and pumping are used, either separately system or in combination, to provide flow and/or pressure pumped system
A system where flow and/or pressure are provided by means of one or more pumps and where the pipe(s) operate full
rated pressure
See allowable operating pressure
reduced level, RL
Elevation of a point or mark related to a nominated datum (metric or imperial). Some Water Agencies may use the term EL for metric RL’s
Regulator
Entity that has the power to enforce Regulations related to the activities and responsibilities of a Commonwealth, state, territory or local government. It applies to environmental management and protection, occupational health and safety and the like
remote terminal unit, RTU
An electronic hardware device used to collect, process and transmit SCADA data and signals at a site
reserve storage
Amount of storage provided to cater for some continuing supply in the event of a system component failure and depletion of the operating storage
reserve storage level, RSL
Top level of the reserve storage
reservoir
Bulk drinking water distribution mains
reticulation main
A water main that connects a distribution main with service pipes. Reticulation mains are generally sized DN 100 to DN 375
storage
supplying
to
transfer
and/or
21
Term
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Definition
reticulation submain
A water main that connects a reticulation main with service pipes within discrete areas where the number of consumers is small, thereby minimising deterioration of water quality. Reticulation sub-mains are generally sized DN 40 to
rider main
An additional main laid parallel to a transfer or distribution main to provide for service connections. See also duplicate main
rigid pipe
A pipe that supports vertical loads primarily by virtue of its inherent resistance to bending or deformation as a ring; when rigid pipes are used, flexible joints must be used to ensure that the pipeline installation is flexible. Pipe types include VC and RC
right of way
A specified right which gives a person or persons access across certain land belonging to another person
road
A surface devoted to public travel and movement of goods by vehicles; a road covers the entire width between opposite property boundaries in a road reserve including the road pavement, footways, cycleways (where appropriate) and verges
road reserve
Land set aside for the road pavement, footway(s) and verge(s)
roadway
See road
SCADA
An electronic supervisory control and data acquisition system for compiling water system operations data and enabling automatic and remote control/operation of specific facilities
service pipe
A water pipe that supplies water from the reticulation main to the consumer. The portion of the service pipe under the control of a Water Agency generally terminates at the water meter, or in the case of fire services, the isolating valve of the fire protection system
service pressur e, SP
Internal pressure delivered at the point of connection to a consumer’s installation at zero flow in the service pipe. Service pressure does not include surge pressure
side support
Embedment zone between the bottom and top of a pipe
shared trenching
Simultaneous installation of two or more services in one (common) trench
socket
The end of the pipe or pipe fittings with an enlarged internal diameter for the reception of the plain or spigot end of another pipe fitting
Specification
The document detailing the work involved in the particular project in hand
specifications
Precise standards of performance for construction work, materials and manufactured products. Specifications make it possible to express expected values when work or items are purchased or contracted for, and they provide means of determining conformance with expectations after purchase or construction
spigot
The plain or specifically formed end of a pipe fitting for insertion in a socket or coupling to form a joint
22
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Term
Definition
splay corners
The section of the title boundary offset and at 45 degrees to the point intersection of the title boundaries at intersecting streets
split s ervice
See dual service
spring line
Projection of the horizontal centreline to the walls of a pipe
standards
(1) Documents that specify the minimum acceptable characteristics of a product or material, a test procedure, an installation method etc, issued by an organisation that develops such documents e.g. Standards Australia. Such standards may or may not be used as (or called) specifications (2) A set numerical limit e.g. a contaminant limit set by a regulatory agency
static head
When water is not moving, vertical distance from a specific point in the water/pipeline to the free water surface. See dynamic pressure head and static pressure
static pressure
Static head multiplied by the specific weight of water. See dynamic pressure head and static head
street alignment
Plan shape of the boundary between a road reserve and the adjoining lots. See also road
support type
A mode of pipe embedment
surge
A rapid fluctuation of pressure caused by flow alteration over a short period of time
surge pressure
A short-duration pressure increase caused by a sudden movement of water from such causes as a directional change in flow, the starting or stopping of a pump, and opening or closing of a valve or hydrant
Superintendent
The individual appointed by the contract principal as an independent arbiter of contract directions, issues, claims and variations
system
A combination of elements that together makes up a functioning water supply
system planning
A process of examining the present, recognising trends, making projections and developing plans to ensure water supply systems have the capability to achieve agreed customer, stakeholder and regulator outcomes
temperature de-rating
An allowance made, during the design process, for the reduced performance of products (particularly plastics) as a result of anticipated operating temperatures above 20°C within the system
test pressure
Hydrostatic pressure applied to a newly laid pipeline in order to demonstrate its integrity and tightness. This pressure may be greater than the operating pressure limit of a pipeline for a relatively short duration
Tester
An individual, corporation or legal entity registered by the National Association of Testing Authorities for the relevant classes of tests and that is accountable at law for delivery of testing services under a specific contract with the Constructor
23
Term
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Definition
traffi cable area
Any area where vehicular traffic is likely, e.g. road pavement , driveways, etc
transfer main
A water main that interconnects source(s), treatment works, reservoir(s) and/or supply areas, normally without direct consumer connections
traverse line
A survey line fixed on the ground consisting of several connected lines of known length which meet at measured angles or bearings, and used for setting out the location of a proposed water main
trench fill
Fill material placed over the overlay for the purpose of refilling a trench
trench width
The clear width between the sides of an unsupported trench or the width inside the internal faces of a trench support system
trenchstop
A non-structural partition across a pipeline trench built to restrict movement of fines within and along the trench caused by infiltration and ground water flow through the embedment and trench fill materials
trunk main
See transfer main
underground services
Underground assets, including those owned by other authorities or companies, e.g. gas, telecommunications and electrical
useable capacity
Operating storage plus reserve storage (of a service reservoir)
valve
A mechanical device used for stopping or regulating flow and controlling pressure e.g. gate valve, isolating valve, control valve, pressure reducing valve, air valve and hydrant
verge
Areas between the boundaries of a road reserve and the carriageway. This term is usually applied where there are no formed footways
Water Agency
An authority, board, business, corporation, council or local government body with the responsibility for planning or defining planning requirements, for defining and authorising design requirements, for defining and authorising construction requirements and for operating and maintaining or defining operation and maintenance requirements for a water supply and/or sewerage system or systems In particular, City West Water, South East Water, Yarra Valley Water or any other water authority that may adopt this edition of the Water Supply Code.
water distribut ion system
Part of the water supply system comprising pipelines, service reservoirs, pumping stations and other assets by which water is distributed to the consumers. It generally begins at the outlet of a water treatment works (or source, if there is no treatment) and includes the reticulation system
water s upply system
See water distribution system
24
WSA 03—2002-2.3
Term
Definition
water hammer
Any sudden pressure head change in a pipe caused whenever the velocity in the pipe is changed from one steady state condition to another (commonly caused by stopping flow too rapidly). It is often characterised by pipe movement or noise. See also surge pressure
working pressure
See operating pressure
Work As Construc ted (WAC)
Documentation showing details of work as actually constructed (in contrast to Design Drawings). Also called Work As Executed
Works
All those Works being water mains, valves, hydrants and accessories including valve chambers and storage facilities as shown on the Design Drawings and including any part or parts of the Works
witness point
A point in the work process at which an activity may be observed
25
WSA 03—2002-2.3
II ABBREVIATIONS ABBREVI ATION
INTERPRETA TION
%
percentage
AC
asbestos cement
AHD
Australian Height Datum
AICV
automatic inlet control valves
AMG
Australian Map Grid
ANSI
American National Standards Institute
AOP
allowable operating pressure
AS
Australian Standard
AS/NZS
Australian/New Zealand Standard
ASTM
American Society for Testing Materials
AV
air (release) valve
AWWA
American Water Works Association
BSP
British standard pipe
CB
Certificati on Body
CBD
central business district
CCF
Civil Contractors Federation
CFA
Country Fire Authority
cfu
colony-forming unit
CI
cast iron
CL
cement lined
CP
cathodic protection
CWW
City West Water Limited
De
nominal external size designation (based on external diameter) of plastic pipe and components and used to distinguish from DN which is generally based on internal diameter
DI
ductile iron
DICL
ductile iron cement (mortar) lined
DN
nominal size
DP
design pressure
EF
electrofusion
EPA
Environmenta l Protection Agency
EPDM
ethylene propylene diene monomer
FSL
finished surface level full storage level (of a reservoir)
g/m 2
grams/square metre
GDA
Geocentric Datum Australia
26
WSA 03—2002-2.3
ABBREVI ATION
INTERPRETA TION
GIS
geographical informatio n system
GRP
glass reinforced polyester
h
hour
H
head (in metres)
ha
hectare
HGL
hydraulic grade line
HP
hydrant path
HR
hydrant road
ID
Density Index
ISO
International Standards Organisation
ITP
inspection and test plan
JSA
Job Safety Analysis
ks
equivalent sand roughness size
kL
kilolitre
km
kilometre
kPa
kilopascal
kV
kilovolt
L
litre
LP
pipe length
m
metre
m/s
metres per second
MAOP
maximum allowable operating pressure
MFB
Metropolit an Fire Brigade
mg/L
milligrams/litre
mL
millilitre
mm
millimetre
MPa
megapascal
MRWA
Melbourne Retail Water Agencies
MSCL
mild steel cement lined
NATA
National Association of Testing Authorities
o
degree
o
C
degree Celsius
OCEI
Office of the Chief Electrical Inspector
OD
outside diameter
OH&S
occupational health and safety
OP
operating pressure
PDF
peak day factor
27
ABBREVI ATION
INTERPRETA TION
PE
polyethylene
PHF
peak hour factor
PIPA
Plastics Industry Pipe Association of Australia Limited
PL
property line
PN
nominal pressure, in megapascals X 10
PRelV
pressure relief valve
PRV
pressure reducing valve
PSV
pressure sustaining valve
PVC
polyvinylchloride
PVC-M
polyvinylchl oride modified
PVC-O
polyvinylchlo ride oriented
PVC-U
polyvinylchl oride unplasticise d
Q
flow (in metres/second)
RD
density ratio
RL
reduced level
RRJ
rubber ring (seal) joint
RSL
reserve storage level
RTU
remote terminal unit
RV
reflux valve
s
second
S
spacing
Sc
scour
SCADA
supervisory control and data acquisitio n
SCL
steel cement (mortar) lined
SEW
South East Water Limited
SMP
Safety Management Plan
SN
nominal stiffness, in N/m/m X 10-3
SP
service pressure
STP
system test pressure
SV
stop valve
TUP
tapping under pressure
UPCIC
under pressure cut-in connection
UV
ultraviolet
VC
vitrified clay
WAC
Work As Constructed
WSAA
Water Services Association of Australia Inc.
YVW
Yarra Valley Water
WSA 03—2002-2.3
28
WSA 03—2002-2.3
III REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
The following documents are referred to in this Code. STANDARD
TITLE
CLA USE / TAB LE / DRAWING
ANSI/A WWA —downloadable from http://www.awwa.org/bookstore
C651
Standard for Disinfecti ng Water Mains
20.1
AS —downloadable from http://www.standards.com.au/catalogue
1100
Technical drawing
27.1
1199
Sampling procedures and tables for inspection A3.2 by attributes
1281
Cement mortar lining of steel pipes and fittings
1289
Methods for purposes
1289.5.1
Soil compaction and density tests
1289.5.1.1
Determination of the dry density/moisture 5.5.2, 17.2, 19.3.1, Table 19.1 content relation of a soil using standard compactive effort
1289.5.4
Compaction control test
1289.5.4.1
Dry density ratio, moisture ratio
1289.5.6
Compaction control test
1289.5.6.1
Density index material
1379
Specificatio n and supply of concrete
1432
Copper tubes for plumbing, gasfitting and WAT–1104, WAT–1106, WAT– drainage applications 1107, WAT–1108, WAT–1109,
1579
Arc-welded steel pipes and fittings for water and 4.13.1, 4.13.2, WAT–1402, wastewater WAT–1404
1906
Retroreflective materials and devices for road traffic control purposes
1906.3
Raised pavement markers (retroreflecti ve and WAT–1300 non-retroreflective)
2124
General conditions of contract
9.1
2187
Explosives—sto rage, transport and use
13.5
2200
Design charts for water supply and sewerage
3.2.5.2
2419
Fire hydrant installatio ns
2419.2
Part 2: Fire hydrant valves
2490
Sampling procedures and charts for inspection A3.2 by variables for percent nonconforming
2638
Gate valves for waterworks purposes
2638.1
Part 1: Resilient seated valves
6.2.1.2
2638.2
Part 2: Metal seated valves
8.4.1, WAT–1406, WAT–1407
testing
soils
for
moisture
method
for
engineering
variation
a
WAT–1403, WAT–1404
and 19.3.1, Table 19.1
cohesionless 19.3.1, Table 19.1 A4.3
6.8.5
29
STANDARD
TITLE
WSA 03—2002-2.3
CLA USE / TAB LE / DRAWING
2700
Colour standards for general purposes
WAT–1300
3500
National Plumbing and Drainage Code
3500.1
Water supply
3600
Concrete structures
12.5.4
3610
Formwork for concrete
12.5.3
3680
Polyethylene sleeving for ductile iron pipelines
15.9
3681
Guidelines for the application of polyethylene 15.9, WAT–1102 sleeving to ductile iron pipelines and fittings
3688
Water supply—Coppe r and copper alloy body WAT–1104, WAT–1107, compression and capillary fittings and threaded- WAT–1109 end connectors
3996
Metal access covers, road grates and frames
WAT–1303, WAT–1304, WAT–1305, WAT–1306, WAT–1308, WAT–1309
4041
Pressure piping
15.18.2
4087
Metallic flanges for waterworks purposes
4.13.4, WAT–1313, WAT–1403, WAT–1405, WAT–1409
4321
Fusion-bonded medium-density polyethylene WAT–1401, WAT–1403 coating and lining for pipes and fittings
4799
Installation of underground utility services and Table 8.2, 4.3.9, WAT–1213 pipelines within railway boundaries
AS/NZS —downloadable from http://www.standards.com.au/catalogue/Script/search.asp
1260
PVC pipes and fittings for drain, waste and vent WAT–1308 applications
1477
PVC pipes and fittings for pressure applications
1554
Structural steel welding
1554.1
Welding of steel structures
15.18.1, WAT–1400, WAT– 1401, WAT–1402, WAT– 1403, WAT–1404, WAT–1405
1554.6
Welding stainless steels for structural purposes
WAT–1401
2280
Ductile iron pressure pipes and fittings
3.7.1.2, 8.4.1, WAT–1401, WAT–1407
2566
Buried flexible pipelines
2566.1
Part 1: Structural design of buried flexible pipe
2832
Cathodic protection of metals
2832.1
Part 1: Pipes and cables
4.12.3
2832.2
Compact buried structures
4.12.3
2845
Water supply—Backflow prevention devices
2845.1
Water supply—Backflo w prevention devices— 2.5.2 Materials, design and performance requirements
8.4.1
5.1, 5.4.3, WAT–1201
30
WSA 03—2002-2.3
STANDARD
TITLE
CLA USE / TAB LE / DRAWING
3500.1.2
Acceptable solutions
12.6, 22.4
3678
Structural steel—Hot rolled plates, footplates WAT–1401, WAT–1402, and slabs WAT–1405
3679
Structural steel
3679.1
Hot-rolled bars and sections
4020
Testing of products for use in contact with drinking water
4360
Risk management
2.7, 4.1.5
4536
Life cycle costing – An application guide
8.6
4801
Occupational health and safety management 10.1.1 systems— Specification with guidance for use
4853
Electrical hazards on metallic pipelines
WAT–1311, WAT–1312
4.3.11
PIPA —downloadable from http://www.pipa.com.au/Guidelines.html
POP006
Derating requirement s for fittings
3.5.3.2
POP010A
Part 1 Polyethylene pressure pipes design for 3.5.2, 3.5.3.1, Table 3.2 dynamic stresses
POP010B
Part 2 Fusion fittings for use with polyethylene pressure pipes design for dynamic stresses
3.5.3.2
BS EN —downloadable from http://www.bsonline.techindex.co.uk
295
Vitrified clay pipes and fittings and pipe joints for drains and sewers
295-4
Requirements for special fittings, adaptors and 8.4.3 compatible accessories
545
Ductile pipes, fittings, accessories and their 8.4.1 joints for water pipelines—Requirements and test methods.
ISO — downloadable from http://www.standards.com.au/catalogue/Script/search.asp
9000
Quality management and quality assurance standards
A1, A2.1, A2.2, A2.4, A4.2.2, A4.2.3, A4.2.4, A4.3, A4.5
9001
Quality systems—Mode l for quality assurance in A2.1, 10.1.1 design, development, production, installation and servicing
9002
Quality systems—Mode l for quality assurance in A2.1 production, installation and servicing
14001
Environmental management systems— Specification with guidance for use
10.1.1
WSA 01
Polyethylene Pipeline Code
3.2.2, 15.1.3, 19.4.1, 19.4.4, 19.4.5, WAT–1108, WAT-1409
WSA 06
Code of Practice for Under Pressure Cut-Ins (publication expected 2003)
4.7
WSAA
31
PUBL ISHER
TITLE
DIPRA
Thrust Restraint Design for Ductile Pipelines, 4th Edition, 1997, downloadable from http://www.dipra.org/publications/
WSA 03—2002-2.3
CLA USE
Iron
5.9.3
32
WSA 03—2002-2.3
IV
OTHER REFERENCES
The following documents are published on the WSAA website. While not necessarily specifically referred to in this Code, they may be used in process documentation permitting the adoption of this Code and/or preparation of Contract documentation. The list of documents is not complete as other documents may be published from time to time. WSAA PURCHASE SPECIFICATIONS WSA PS No
TITLE
PRESSURE PIPE AND FITTINGS
200
Ductile Iron Pipe
201
Ductile Iron Fittings
202
Ductile Iron Pipe and Fittings
203
Steel Pipe
204
Steel Fittings
205
Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) Pressure Pipe
206
Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) Pressure Fittings
207
Polyethylene (PE) Pipe
208
Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Fittings
209
Modified Polyvinylchlo ride (PVC–M) Pressure Pipe
210
Oriented polyvinylchl oride (PVC–O) Pressure Pipe
211
Unplasticised Polyvinylchlo ride (PVC-U) Pressure Pipe
212
Ductile Iron Fittings for PVC Pressure Pipe
213
Moulded and Post-Formed PVC Pressure Fittings
214
Property Connection Pipe – Copper
215
Property Connection Pipe – Polyethylene
VALVES A ND HYDRANTS
260
Resilient Seated Gate Valves
261
Metal Seated Gate Valves
262
Extension Spindle for Gate Valves
263
Butterfly Valves
264
Non-Return (Reflux) Valves
265
Kinetic Air Valves
266
Knife Gate Valves
267
Hydrants (Spring)
268
Pressure Reducing Valves
SURFACE FITTINGS
292
Access Covers – Water Supply
ANCILLARY PRODUCTS
310
Mechanical Tapping Bands
33
311
Unrestrained Mechanical Couplings
312
Flange Gaskets and O-rings
313
Offtake Clamps for Under-Pressure Connection
318
Marking Tape, Non-Detectable
319
Marking Tape, Detectable
320
Polyethylene Sleeve for Ductile Iron Pipe and Fittings
CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL S
350
Compaction Sand (For Pipe Embedment)
351
Single Size Coarse Aggregate (For Pipe Embedment)
352
Controlled Low Strength Materials (CLSM)
353
Fine Crushed Rock for Road Base
354
Coarse Crushed Rock for Road Base
355
Geotextile Filter Fabric
356
Piles
357
Pre-mixed Concrete, Normal Class
358
Pre-mixed Concrete, Special Class
360
Embedment/Concrete Sand
361
Embedment/5 mm Minus
362
Well Graded Crushed Rock for Pipe Embedment
WSAA TECHNICAL NOTES WSA TN No
TITLE
1
PE squeeze-off
Crushed Rock
WSA 03—2002-2.3
