VOCATIONAL TRAINING REPORT WBSEDCL (ABHIKSHAN BHAWAN, SALTLAKE)
FROM:-28/12/201 TO 11/01/201!
VOCATIONAL TRAINING AT WBSEDCL (ABHIKSHAN BHAVAN,SALTLAKE)
DATE: 28/12/201 - 11/01/201! S"BMITTED S"BMIT TED B#: B#: NILAN$AN BHATTACHAR#A DEPAR DEPARTMENT TMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING NAR"L NAR"LA A INSTIT INSTIT"TE "TE OF TECHNOLOG#,AGARPARA "NIVERSIT# REG%NO:-1&12'01102 REG%NO:-1&12'011022 2 "NIVERSIT# ROLL NO:-12'01!1&01
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FOREWORD
T 9+.4 +.. . 3+.+ *+* 4+4 < 7*+6;+. * 3+7 + + *+;7.+* ;*;. 7;+. . E4+4 E..., 6*7 . + 4+.* <77 + + H;3. R*; D943.+ D+3.+ 65 + *+9 44*% T +.. * 3+7 . 9;* +*:1% P++. *5*+3(R45 T*+.)% 2% T.*3 . <=*% &% T.*3 O4 T*+.% >% CT/PT T*+.% % M+ T*+.% !% S;6-*++. 9*+(&&/11 =9)%
The objective of the training is to make the students aware of the distribution scheme and the operation of the various equipments of the substations etc. and provide them with a hands-on-experience of handling the necessary equipments in a substation. Also a sense of the administrative duties of a Assistant Engineer is also imparted to the students while their training at the roup Electric !upply "#ce. Also$ the students should be note the way of dealing with di%erent types of consumer grievances. All the above activities are done with a view that be they be recruited in &est 'engal !tate Electricity (istribution )ompany *imited or any other distribution company$ they should be able to dispense o% with their duties as an engineer e#ciently. This training report has been prepared by +r. ,AA /0+A, )1"0(1A,2$ a student of the A,0*A 3!T3T0TE "4 TE)1"*"2$/"*/ATA$ a college a#liated to the MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY and recogni5ed by the All 3ndia )ouncil "f Technical Education 6A3)TE7$ ew (elhi. 3t was intimated to us by his college authorities that he has appeared in the 8fth semester exams of the '.Tech 6Electrical7 course. 3t was observed that +r. ,AA has attended all the training sessions sincerely. 3 wish him every success in life.
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)hief Engineer (epartment
Testing
&'!E()*$ 6 Abhikshan 'havan7 !altlake$/olkata
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-:TRANSFORMER:-
A transformer is a static machine used for transforming power from one circuit to another without changing frequency. The history of transformer was commenced in the year 1880. In the year 1950, 400! e"ectrica" power transformer was introduced in high #o"tage e"ectrica" power system. In the ear"y 19$0s, unit rating as "arge as 1100%!A was produced and 800! and e#en higher ! c"ass transformers were manufactured in year of 1980
.
&'T()*+ - TA/+-%*'& Transformers can e categoried in different ways, depending upon their purpose, use, construction etc. The types of transformer are as fo""ows'&
1. +tep 2p Transformer 3 +tep own Transformer. . Three )hase Transformer 3 +ing"e )hase Transformer. 6. *"ectrica" )ower Transformer, istriution Transformer 3 Instrument Transformer.
>% Two 7inding Transformer 3
Auto Transformer%
% utdoor Transformer 3 Indoor Transformer.
&'/+T2TI/'& 1.ore
Transformers for use at power or audio frequencies typically have cores made of high permeability silicon steel. The steel has a permeability many times that of free space and the core thus serves to greatly reduce the magnetizing current and confine the flux to a path which closely couples the windings. Each lamination is insulated from its neighbors by a thin non-conducting layer of insulation. The universal transformer equation indicates a minimum cross-sectional area for the core to avoid saturation.
2.Windings
The conducting material used for the windings depends upon the application but in all cases the individual turns must be electrically insulated from each other to ensure that the current travels throughout every turn. !or small power and signal transformers in which currents are low and the potential difference between ad"acent turns is small the coils are often wound from enamelled magnet wire such as !ormvar wire. #arger power transformers operating at high voltages may be wound with copper rectangular strip conductors insulated by oil-impregnated paper and bloc$s of pressboard%
9. Insulation drin!
:. Bus"in!s
;. Coolin!
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4. T r ans f or merTur nsr at i ot es t
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-:T.*3 O4:Transformer oil or insulating oil is an oil that is stable at high temperatures and has excellent electrical insulating properties. %t is used in oil-filled transformers some types of high-voltage capacitors fluorescent lamp ballasts and some types of high-voltage switches and circuit brea$ers.
-:T*+. O T.*3 O4:-
The insulation oil of voltage- and current-transformers fulfills the purpose of insulating as well as cooling. Thus the dielectric quality of transformer oil is a matter of secure operation of a transformer. &s transformer oil deteriorates through aging and moisture ingress transformer oil should depending on economics transformer duty and other factors be tested periodically. Transformer oil testing sequences and procedures are defined by various international standards.
-:T#PES OF TESTI NG:'. (olor 2. )ielectric brea$down voltage *. !lash point fire point +. %nterfacial tension ,. arl !ischer moisture . /xidation inhibitor content 0. 1elative density specific gravity3 4. 1esistivity 5. 6isual examination
TRANSFORMER OIL TEST CHART (STANDARD VAL"E )
A+E "4 TE!T
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4", 0!E( "3*
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&0 (3.)
Acidity Test
0%0& (3)
0%& (3)
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0%01 (3)
1%0 (3)
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20 (3)
& (3)
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(!10)12 3
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2% A4+. 9;* 3+% &%T*+. 3+ &n electricity meter electric meter electrical meter or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence business or an electrically powered device. Electric utilities use electric meters installed at customers premises to measure electric energy delivered to their customers for billing purposes. They are typically calibrated in billing units the most common one being the $ilowatt hour 7kWh8. They are usually read once each billing period. When energy savings during certain periods are desired some meters may measure demand the maximum use of power in some interval. 9Time of day9 metering allows electric rates to be changed during a day to record usage during pea$ high-cost periods and off-pea$ lower-cost periods. &lso in some areas meters have relays for demand response load shedding during pea$ load periods
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-:CONCL"SION:T +.. ;.7<.+ + + W*+ B.4 S++ E4++5 D*+6;+. C3.5 L3+7 (WBSEDCL) <* . 5 . ;*% I+ 977 ;* <+ + +;.+5 + 6*9 9;* 3+.+ *+* + ;.+.. D*+6;+. *5*+3% T ;.+.. + H%T% L%T% 7*+6;+. *5*+3 .7 + 644. 7; <* 6*97 .7 ;.7*+7% I+ 4* 37 ;* < + .< +.4* *; * HVDS *5*+3, GPS 3. +.*3 4+.*, . *+ 644. .7 ;* 3;+7 M+ R7. I.*+;3.+ (MRI) ++ *4<45 .7 *+745 4. + 47 .* *;4+. . 4** 7;+. .7 .* . +% I+ <* 95 4;4 . ;.7*+.7. + T.*3 .+.445%
