Word Increase Rise Decrease Fall Drop Go up Go down fluctuate Stable Steady peak
Verb to increase, is increasing, has increased, increased to rise, is rising, has risen, rose to decrease, is decreasing, has decreased, decreased to fall, is falling, has fallen, fell to drop, is dropping, has dropped, dropped an upturn, expand
Noun an increase a rise a decrease a fall a drop
fluctuated, fluctuate, volatile, unstable stabilize remain steady peaked
a fluctuation stable (adjective) steady(adjective) a peak
1 The unemployment rate in the U.K increased from 10% to 12% from 2008-2014 2 The unemployment rate in the U.K increased by 2% from 2008-2014 3 From 2008-2014 there was an increase of 2% in the rate of unemployment in the U.K. 4 From 2008-2014 there was an increase in the rate of unemployment in the U.K.of 2% 5 The unemployment rate in the U.K rose from 10% to 12% from 2008-2014 6 The unemployment rate in the U.K rose by 2% from 2008-2014 7 From 2008-2014 there was a rise of 2% in the rate of unemployment in the the U.K. 8 From 2008-2014 there was a rise in the rate of unemployment in the U.K. of 2% 9 The unemployment rate in the U.K decreased/fell/dropped from 12% to 11% from 2014-2016 10 The unemployment rate in the U.K decreased/fell/dropped by 1% from 2014-2016 11 From 2014-2016 there was a decrease/a fall/a drop of 1% in the rate of unemployment in the U.K. 12 From 2014-2016 there was a decrease/a fall/a drop in the rate of unemployment in the U.K. of 1% 13 The unemployment rate in the U.K.fluctuated between 6% and 8% from 1995-1997 From 1995-1997, there was a 2 14 The unemployment rate in the U.K. remained stable/ remained steady at 6% between 2006-2007 15 The unemplyment rate in the U.K. stabilized at 6% 15 The unemployment rate in the U.K. reached a peak of 5% in 2009 Up Verbs Soar Rocket Leap climb surge
From 1995-1996, India's oil production soared by 18% and then it reached a peak of 80 million in 2001. After a slight fall in fuel prices in November, this figure rocketed to a high of 86 rs in december The number of cancer patients leapt to 80000 in November The number of LCD Tv units continued to climb throughout the year Inspite of a meagre fall in medicines rates, it then surged to a high of 95 rs in december
Down verbs Plummet Sink Drop slip back dip
The sensex followed a steady increase till November and then it plummeted by 90 points in december,co The vegetable prices increased gradually till June and then it sank by 90 points There was a significant drop in vegetable prices in the first half of year 2015 The number of two-wheelers units sold rose to 125000 units in June before slipping back to 118000 units The number of females employed rose steadily from June to December, despite a slight dip in July
Steady verbs Steady Stable consistent gradually
remained steady remained stable rose consistently, a consistent rise decreased gradually, a gradually rise
It can be clearly seen from the graph that the overall trend was consistently upwards throughout the peri
In 1979, the consumption of foodgrains began at 1800 tonnes and continued to rise till 1987, therafter it s In 2000, the fuel prices was $80, this figure rocketed to nearly 128$ in 2004 and then it continued to clim Compare and contrast 1 In contrast, 2 In comparison, 3 However, 4 On the Other hand, 5 Whereas, 6 While, 7 Although, 8 But,
A
Kindly Note More/less/fewer--------------- than
1 8% more boys played cricket than football 2 Few girls participated at Annual function in 2013 3 Fewer girls participated at Annual function in 2013 than in 201 B
Similar--- to same--- as
C
Differ/differed/different/difference
D
Comparisons with numbers
E
Twice----as, Twice----as---much/ many
India consumes twice the amount of foodgrains than the USA
1 In 1979 India exported 12 million tonnes of rice. In contrast/ In comparison/ On the other hand, USA exported only 2 In 1979 India exported 12 million tonnes of rice, whereas/while USA exported only 5 million tonnes. 3 While/Whereas India exported 12 million tonnes of rice, USA exported only 5 million tonnes 4 In 1979 India exported 10 million tons of cereals, however, the UK exported only 0.5 million tons 5 Although France produced 12.5 tons of saffron, India managed to produced only 1.2 tons 6 Almost a quarter of french teenagers consume massive alcohol, but Indian teenagers consume only 10% alcohol. 1 The number of candidates appeared for IELTS at BC and IDP were very similar. 2 A similar number of candidates appeared for IELTS at BC and IDP. 3 The figures for 2012 of IELTS candidates were very similar to the figures for 2013 4 The figures for 2012 of IELTS candidates was exactly the same as for 2013 1 The number of candidates who appeared for IELTS at BC and IDP differed by almost 25,000 points 2 There was a difference of nearly 25000 points in the number of candidates who appeared for IELTS at BC and IDP 1 The candidates, who appeared for IELTS exam at BC was two times more than IDP 2 Twice the number of candidates appeared for IELTS at BC than IDP 3 Twice as many candidates appeared for IELTS at BC than IDP
4 The number of candidates who appeared for IELTS was twice as many as BC as IDP The number of smartphones and tablets bought by Canadians differed by 0.8 million
1 The fuel prices soared by 18% and then it reached a peak of 35%. 2 Despite a slight dip in oil prices, this figure rocketed to a high of $80 million 3 The number of candidates appeared for UPSC exam leapt to 80000 4 In 2000 the number of bikes sold by BAJAJ increased to 18% and then continued to climb over the 10 year timescale 1 The currency value had a steady increase in the first half of 2015, thereafter it plummeted to a low of $65.32 The Koreans bought exactly twice as many smartphones as tablets The koreans bought two times more smartphones than tablets Starting Phrases 1 It is clear that 2 It can be clearly seen that 3 We can see that 4 At first glance, we can see that or 1 or 2 above 5 It is evident that the 6 It is immediately apparent/evident 7 It is of note that the
Words for Periods 1 In 2014 and 2015 2 between 2014 and 2015 3 over the period 4 over the same period of time 5 over the 10 year timescale 6 in both periods 7 in both years 8 throughout the period 9 over a period of fiye years/weeks/decad 10 over this time frame
to increase, is increasing, has increased, increased to rise, is rising, has risen, rose to decrease, is decreasing, has decreased, decreased to fall, is falling, has fallen, fell to drop, is dropping, has dropped, dropped go up, went up, an upturn go down, went down, contracted fluctuate, fluctuated, fluctuation, volatile, unstable stable, stabilized, remained stable steady, remained steady, levelled off peak, peaked, reached a peak of
an increase a rise a decrease a fall a drop
a fluctuation
a peak
ment in the U.K. the U.K. of 1% From 1995-1997, there was a 2% fluctuation in the rate of employment in the UK een 2006-2007
ed a peak of 80 million in 2001. of 86 rs in december
s in december
ted by 90 points in december,continued to decline throughout the year
re slipping back to 118000 units in August. despite a slight dip in July
tly upwards throughout the period
ued to rise till 1987, therafter it showed a downward trend till the end of the period 04 and then it continued to climb until it reached nearly $138 by the end of 2009
------------ than
al function in 2013 ual function in 2013 than in 2014
Few Good more low
Fewer better most lower less
The fewest the best many the lowest the least
erent/difference
--as---much/ many
dgrains than the USA
e other hand, USA exported only 5 million tonnes. 5 million tonnes.
1 Australia was the most popular tourist destination among the Indians wit form of vacation and Latin America was much more popular at 36%.
5 million tons
2 The number of female students studying MBA at Mumbai University was
rs consume only 10% alcohol.
3 India's balance of payments rose drastically to a high of $45 billion. USA's
4 We can clearly seen that the majority of the Britains preferred to travel fr from the train.
India exported 11 million tonnes of foodgrains. While, USA exported only
25,000 points peared for IELTS at BC and IDP Few males participated at annual function in 2013. Fewer males participated at annual function in 2013 than 2014.
The most popular mode of transport in the UK was the train
The amount of food consumed by teenagers in Australia and India were v A similar amount of food was consumed by teenagers in Australia and Ind The amount of fast food consumed by teenagers in Australia is as same as
climb over the 10 year timescale
meted to a low of $65.32
2014 and 2015
same period of time 10 year timescale
ut the period riod of fiye years/weeks/decade
Linking and Connecting Words 1 To begin with/ To begin 2 Firstly/ First of all 3 Secondly 4 Lastly/Finally 5 Next 6 Moving on to 7 In sharp contrast to this 8 Following this 9 Likewise 10 therafter 11 Interestingly 12 After this 13 In addition 14 Typically 15 Notably
stination among the Indians with over 60% giving preferences. In contrast, only 10% of the Britains chose this much more popular at 36%.
MBA at Mumbai University was under 60%. In comparison, only one in ten males were studying.
lly to a high of $45 billion. USA's, however, balance of payments increased to only $12 billion
he Britains preferred to travel from the train. On the other hand, only a small minority of Scottish chose to travel
rains. While, USA exported only 3 million tonnes.
tion in 2013 than 2014.
he UK was the train
ers in Australia and India were very similar by teenagers in Australia and India enagers in Australia is as same as India
Sample form- 08.08.2015 Introduction form for GRE and SUPRE- Scholarship form for idea for Hedge fundingMelbourne Business School, AGSM MBA, University of South Wales Name Amrit Ashok Pai DOB 03.06.1988 Tel9819151371 Caste South Indian- Telugu and Kannada Educ B.com, MMS-Finance, JAIIB, NCFM Modules and pursuing CFA. Work ex Assistant Mgr- Sudar Industries Ltd Finance Mgr and Analyst- Acair Fin Serv- Presently working Total Experience- 3 years Interests Reading books- Motivation and Personality development, autobiographies, watching football and tennis. Passion- Adventure sports- Bungy Jumping, sky diving, river rafting, ice skating and travelling to hilly areas
Motive of each day-
1. Atleast make three people happy. 2. Help to atleast 1 women and help in such a way that her problems should be solved or h 3. Donate something to poor people- even if it is 10 Rs.
Lessons to be remembered always
1 Never Cheat anyone and never play with anyone feelings 2 Break the friendship, but never break the trust. As broken g 3 Love is the only weapon that you can instill in people and l 4 Respect woman as they are the wonderful creation of this before the word man.
Achievements
1 Mumbai university topper in MMS finance- Gold medalist 2 Topper in International finance and Corporate law in Mumb 3 Award presented by SEBI for delivering best presentation o
Vision Time frame
To foster growth for myself, society and community by raisi in unorganised entrepreneurs. 25 years- Roadmap plan created- Achievement highly likely
Mission
To avoid unethical practices and find loopholes in financial preneurs and unorganised workers.
Future road map
Going to Australia probably by September 2016- Complete Start hedge fund company by 2022.
Philantrophic activity
Donations in the form of monetary and non monetary ince
1 Jammu Kashmir flood relief- Bottled water, dry snacks and 2 April 2015 Nepal earthquake- Rs.10,000 to Nepal Earthqua 3 St.catherine's Home- Orphanage Institution- Monetary don 4 Nana patekar farmers help- Monetary donation of around 5 Distributed textbooks and notebooks of schools and colleg
6 Raise awareness for Breast cancer and instill education in w Motive of philantrophic
1 Start an NGO called Woman Never dies and built a practica 2 Use hedge funds to built this project @ 9.55% per annum 3 Use govt subsidies to expand the infrastructure for governm 4 Built a school to encourage poor girls and teenagers to atte
Skills possessed
1 Leadership skills- I feel this is one of the major criteria to b skills, motivate them to take knowledge and acquire new s
2 Communicative skills- One of the major factors to build rela Hobbies
1 Avid eater of non-vegetarian 2 Perform yoga and physical exercises every early morning fo 3 Loves to drink scotch whisky-90 ml- every night for better h
ea for Hedge funding-
atching football and tennis. elling to hilly areas
blems should be solved or her problems should be slightly eradicated.
play with anyone feelings r break the trust. As broken glass cannot be joined together, though it can be joined with a glue, but the polish is not the same ou can instill in people and love them passionately. With love, you don't require any kind of violence. e wonderful creation of this earth. If you want to called be as gentleman, then you have to respect the prefix
MMS finance- Gold medalist and Corporate law in Mumbai University- 88 and 95 marks respectively out of 100 elivering best presentation on Reforms in Banking sector.
ciety and community by raising equity and low cost debt funds for unorganised workers and drive energy
ed- Achievement highly likely by 2040.
d find loopholes in financial system. Raise various sources of finance in order to fund emerging entre
September 2016- Complete CFA by 2017-
etary and non monetary incentives
ottled water, dry snacks and confectionaries to Fab India Rs.10,000 to Nepal Earthquake Relief and recovery fund. ge Institution- Monetary donation, clothes, confectionaries, noebooks and pencils. onetary donation of around Rs.10000 to distressed farmers and widows. ebooks of schools and colleges to poor students.
cer and instill education in women to prevent from Breast cancer.
ever dies and built a practical oriented school for girls roject @ 9.55% per annum he infrastructure for government schools. or girls and teenagers to attend school and complete the basic education
ne of the major criteria to bond the people together. I love to handle people and teach them to change their nowledge and acquire new skills.
he major factors to build relationship with the people and colleagues.
rcises every early morning for an hour 0 ml- every night for better health
olish is not the same
NOTE
While writing pie chart, you are required to use language of percentages and as well as you need to vary your voca Different ways to describe percentages
1 percentage/proportion/amount/number/majority/minority 2 almost a quarter/ nearly two-thirds/ approximately two-fifths/ just under and just over a quarter- almost/around/a 3 exactly/precisely % 65-75 73 75-85
Words A significant proportion/A large proportion A significant majority/ A large majority A very large majority
5%-15% 5%-15% 5%-15% 5%-15%
A small number/ A very small number A small minority/ A very small minority/ A minority An insignificant amount A small fraction A higher percentage/ the greatest proportion 16%-25% A good proportion/ A significant percentage %
Fraction Approx. three quarters Just under three quarters
A significant proportion of females th In sharp contrast a small number of fe
% 5 one in twenty/ one out of twenty 10 one in ten/ one out of ten 15 less than a fifth 20 a fifth 25 a quarter 30 less than a third 35 more than a third 40 two-fifths
45 more than two-fifths 50 a half 55 more than a half 60 three-fifths 65 two-thirds 70 seven in ten 75 three-quarters 80 four-fifths
PIE CHART- Reasons for Migration and Emigration to the UK.
Main reasons primary reasons/ factors/ variables/ca migration/migrated emigration/emigrated
The pie chart illustrates the primary reasons that people came to and left the UK in 2007. It can be clearly seen tha emigrate to the UK. 40 To begin, definite job accounted for 30% of immigration to the UK, and this figure was fairly similar for emigration, emigrated, whereas a small minority of people entered the UK for this purpose. 46
Another major factor to migrate to the UK was for formal study, with over a quarter of people immigrated for this re left the UK. 34
The proportion of people accompanied or joined with a family member was were fairly similar for immigration and of people (32%) gave no reason or other reason why they emigrated, whereas this figure was almost two times less
PIE CHART- POPULAR LEISURE ACTIVITIES IN THE USA STEP 1
Identify the Key/main points 1999 Soccer 17% 5 Camping 8% swimming 9% 4 aerobics 13% walking 29% 4 jogging 7% 4 bicycling 12% yoga/wL 5%
2009 18% 9% 18% doubled in popularity 4% Decreased 31% 3% decreased 7% decreased 10%
These two pie charts show the changes in popularity of different leisure activities in the United States of America be were almost the same in both periods, but there were a significant differences in popularity between the various ac
The two pie charts compares the changes in popularity of different leisure activities in the United States Of Ameri years and that walking was the most preferred leisure activity by the Americans.
To begin, walking was the most popular leisure activity in both 1999 and 2009, with just under and just over 30% of leisure activity was replaced by yoga, with around 10% of people giving preference. Soccer was the second most pop matched by swimming in 2009, which was precisely two times more popular than previous year./ which was precise
In sharp contrast to this, aerobics, jogging and bicycling became less popular, as all these activities dropping significa one exception in leisure activity, as camping popularity stayed almost the same in both years. Electricity Generation- 2 pie charts
The four pie charts compare the electricity generated from various sources in Germany and France in 2009. It is mea major source of electricty in Germany, whilst nuclear contributed the largest source of energy in France.
To begin with, the total electricity output in Germany was 560 billion kwh, with conventional thermal accounted for and in sharp contrast to Germany, conventional thermal contribution was only 10.3%, with major electricity coming contribution was nearly a quarter of the total electricity.
Moving on to renewables, the figures for Germany was marginally higher than France at 13.7%. In Germany, biomas which was significantly higher than hydroelectric and solar at 17.7% and 6.1% respectively. The situation, however, w of renewable electricity coming from hydroelectric at 80.5%, while remaining 20% was generated from biomass, wi
To begin with, the total electricity output in Germany was 560 billion kWh, whereas in France it was lower at 510 Germany, conventional thermal contribution was only 10.3%, with major source of electricity coming from nuclea
Next, renewable sources in Germany was fractionally higher than France at 17.4% and 13.7% respectively. Biomas and solar power at 17.7% and 6.1% respectively. On the other hand, hydroelectric was a large majority of electrici for renewables was solar and geothermal. Revenue sources and expenditures of USA charity in one year
These two pie charts illustrate the various sources of revenue and components of expenditure incurred by a children evident that donated food accounted for the largest proportion of the revenue, whereas program services accounte total expenditures.
To begin, donated food is the largest source of revenue, at 86.6%. Likewise, program services in expenditure categor Community contributions, the second largest source of revenue, stood at 10.4% and this was followed by program r income, which were the smallest sources in revenue categories.
Moving on to expenditures, fundraising outgoings were 2.6%, whereas management and general outflow accounted $53,561,580 was sufficient to manage the expenditure of $53,224,896.
Pie and Bar chart- Arrests A Males Fem
NA 32 9
M 68 91
1 Public drinking 2
30
The two pie charts illustrate the percentage of males and females who were arrested between 1989 and 1994, a pe arrests for both genders. It is immediately evident that a large number of males were arrested than females, and th females.
To begin with, a significant proportion of males at 32% were arrested, but only nearly one in ten females were arre than males, at 68%. Moving on to reasons for most recent arrests there were a significant differences between both at nearly 38% and 31% respectively. While, twice the number of men than women were arrested for drink driving. L were higher(17%) than females (13%). In sharp contrast to this, in case of assault and no answer, a good proportion
There are 8 items biggest- Security- 2.54 pounds smallest Media centre- 0.30 pounds
1 Three large items- Security, staging events and site prepa 2 four similar ones at around 1 billion pounds- olympic village 3 one smaller one- media centre
Pie chart- London olympics
This pie chart shows the different areas of costs incurred for the London Olympics in 2012. It is immediately evident and site preparation accounted for almost two-thirds of the total cost.
To begin with, the security accounted for the largest cost, at just over two and a half billion pounds, which was almo staging events, at 2.30 billion pounds, was fractionally lower than security, at 2.54 billion pounds. While, around 1.8 than security and staging events.
The other four areas of expense were fairly similar at around 1 billion pounds. Cost incurred, however, for constuctio transport and olympic park projects all accounted for under 1 billion pounds. Finally, the smallest amount of funds w the total budget.
Books food cars petrol restauar fur comp
1972 7 39 22 10 8 11 3
2002 3 dec 14 dec 40 inc 9 similar 14 double 9 dec 11 inc
1972 food and cars were the highest petrol and furniture- similar- 10 and 11 books restaurant and com- lowest
2002
Succeed in IELTS Academic- TEST 5
The two pie charts compares the different areas of expenses that Canadian households spent between the year 197 were 8 areas of expenses and there were a number of differences in various expenses.
To begin, in 1972, food accounted for the largest (average) annual expenditure, at 39%. A large percentage, 22%, wa furniture, at 10% and 11% respectively. Likewise, a small minority of annual expenses were spent on books and resta
In contrast to this, the situation was totally different in 2002. Precisely two-fifths of the annual expenditure was spen Next, the amount of money spent on computers, at 11%, was fractionally higher than petrol, at 9%. Interestingly, the to 3% over the previous year. Model 18- Pie and Bar chart
The pie chart illustrates the proportion of women in poverty in the USA in 2008, whereas the bar graph compares th single women with no dependent children accounted for the largest group in poverty and that poverty was the high
To begin, single women suffered from poverty the most. Single women with no children represented 54% of the tota On the other hand, the poverty rates for married women were significantly different. They with children and withou
Moving on to the bar chart, the poverty rates were the highest for children, and the rates were fairly similar for both year olds. From ages 18-24, however, the gap between men and women widened significantly by around 5%. The po 60-74 year olds with rates standing at between 7% and 8% for men, and 9% and 10% for women in both age groups women at nearly 13%, which is almost two times more higher than men at about 7%.
Cambridge English IELTS 9- Test 3
The four pie chart represents the populations of various ages in percentages in Yemen and Italy in 2000 and expecte middle aged people constitutes the major proportion of population in both countries for 2000 and 2050.
To begin,in Yemen, the majority of the population, at just under 50% was 0-14 years old, followed by 15-59 years old was from 60+ years. In sharp contrast, the situation was different in Italy. A significant majority of 15-59 years accou was from 60+ years, which was nearly one-fifth higher than Yemen. Finally 14.3% of the population was from 0-14 y
Moving on to projections it is expected that the largest age group in Yemen would increased to 57.3% and 37% for 0 60+ years with an estimated increase of 2.1%. In comparison to Italy, it is predicted that the significant majority of th a small minority of population at 11.5% will belong from 0-14 years Cambridge English IELTS 9- Test 3
The four pie charts compares the population of three age groups in percentages of Yemen and Italy in 2000 and proj category constitutes the largest proportion of population in both countries in 2000 and 2050.
To begin, in 2000, in Yemen just over half the population was from 0-14 years old, closely followed by 15-59 years ol As far as Yemen projections are concerned for 2050, the figures for middle-aged people are expected to increase by Finally, the older group population, the least group in both the years, is predicted to climb by a marginal amount of p
On the other hand, in 2000, the situation was different in Italy, with the largest group of population of 15-59 and 60 0-14 years old with 14.3% belonging from this age group. Moving on to Italy projections for 2050, the population fig for middle-aged, with around one-fifth rise in older population. Lastly, the population of young people is also predic IELTS upgrade Practice Test 3 The three pie charts illustrates the changes in popularity of five political parties in a country from May 2015 to June significant differences in popularity between the various political parties.
To begin, one month before the June 2015 election, the conservaties was the most popular political party at 41%, w The popularity, however, figures for the other three parties were quite different. Precisely 19% people supported lib In contrast, a very small minority of supporters preferred undecided party.
In comparison, after the election results there were significant differences in popularity. Conservatives party popular popularity declined by over a third. Next, 6 months after the June 2015 election, precisely a quarter of people, slight its popularity rose by 7% in June 2016.
On the other hand, both liberal democrats and green party popularity consistently declined 6 and 12 months after t a very small minority, at 8% and 5% respectively supported liberal democrats and green party.
Interestingly, undecided party was the only party, whose popularity rocketed consistently 6 and 12 months after the in June 2016 it soared to 20%, a figure which was almost five times more popular than May 2015.
s you need to vary your vocabulary
r a quarter- almost/around/approximately/nearly/about/in the region of
hree quarters er three quarters
ant proportion of females than males are proficient in foreign language contrast a small number of female speakers are proficient in foreign language
migration to the UK.
easons/ factors/ variables/causes
n/emigrated
07. It can be clearly seen that the definite job and job search was the main factor factors to migrate and
fairly similar for emigration, at 29%. Moving on to job search, a large proportion of people, at 22%
people immigrated for this reason. Shockingly, however, a very small number of people, 4%,
y similar for immigration and emigration, at 15% and 13% respectively. Finally, a significant majority e was almost two times less for immigration at 17%.
IN THE USA
United States of America between 1999 and 2009. We can clearly see that the leisure activities arity between the various activities.
the United States Of America between 1999 and 2009. It can be clearly seen that the most popular leisure activities were almost the sa
t under and just over 30% of Americans giving preference. Shockingly, in 2009, weightlifting as a cer was the second most popular activity at just under 20% in both periods, a figure that was ous year./ which was precisely as twice as popular than previous year.
e activities dropping significantly by atleast a half over the 10 year timescale. There was, however,
and France in 2009. It is measured in Billion kwh. We can see that conventional thermal was the energy in France.
tional thermal accounted for nearly 60%. In France, the total output was lower at 510 billion kwh, with major electricity coming from nuclear power at 76%. In Germany, however, the nuclear power
t 13.7%. In Germany, biomass and wind contribution was nearly three quarters of renewables, ely. The situation, however, was totally different in France as very large proportion generated from biomass, wind and solar.
n France it was lower at 510 billion kWh. In Germany, conventional thermal, a major source of electricity accounted for nearly 60%. In sh ectricity coming from nuclear power at 76% in France. In Germany, however, the nuclear power generation was under a quarter of the to
d 13.7% respectively. Biomass and wind contributed over three quarters of renewables energy, which was significantly higher than hydro s a large majority of electricity in renewables in France, with wind and biomass contributing nearly 10%. Finally, the least sources of ene
A charity in one year
nditure incurred by a children's charity in the USA over a period of one year. It is immediately s program services accounted for the most expenditure. Also, total revenue earned exceeded
rvices in expenditure categories accounted for just under 96%. Other items, however, in revenue and expenditure categories were much sm s was followed by program revenue at 2.2%. While, the remaining 0.8% were contributed by investment income, government grants and o
d general outflow accounted for only 1.6%. Over the one year timescale the total revenue of
F 38
etween 1989 and 1994, a period of 5 years. While the bar graph shows the various reasons for recent arrested than females, and that public drinking was the most common factor for arrest for males and
one in ten females were arrested. Interestingly, a very large percentage of females (was) were not arrested at 91% nt differences between both sexes. Public drinking was the main reason for arrest for both genders, e arrested for drink driving. Likewise, the males arrest figures for breach of order, theft and other reasons o answer, a good proportion of women were arrested than men.
staging events and site preparation- 2.54, 2.30 and 1.82 illion pounds- olympic village, olympic park projects, transport and construction of sporting venues
12. It is immediately evident that there were eight areas of expense and that security, staging events
ion pounds, which was almost a quarter of the total 10.8 billion budget. Following this, cost for n pounds. While, around 1.80 billion dollars was spent on preparing site, which was less lower
rred, however, for constuction of sporting venues was over 1 billion pounds. The Olympic village, e smallest amount of funds was spent on media centre, with only 0.30 billion pounds of
2.54 2.3 1.82 1.11 0.89 0.9 0.3 0.94 10.8 cars were the highest food and restaurant- similar comp- 11 wre higher than petrol and fur-9 books
spent between the year 1972 and 2002, a period of 20 years. It is immediately evident that there
A large percentage, 22%, was also spent on cars. A similar amount of money were spent on petrol and ere spent on books and restaurant. An insignificant amount, however, was spent on computers (3%).
annual expenditure was spent on cars. Annual expenses on food and restaurant were exactly similar. etrol, at 9%. Interestingly, the annual expenditure on books in 2002, was cut down by nearly a half
as the bar graph compares the differences in rates of poverty by sex and age. It can be clearly seen that nd that poverty was the highest for children and women.
n represented 54% of the total poverty and with children accounted for just over a quarter. hey with children and without children accounted for only one-fifth of the total poverty.
es were fairly similar for both sexes, at around 20% for under 5 and approximately 15% for 5-17 ficantly by around 5%. The poverty rates decreased significantly for both sexes for 45-59 and r women in both age groups. Shockingly, in old age group the poverty rates were the highest for
Part 1
and Italy in 2000 and expected numbers for 2050. It is immediately evident that the young and r 2000 and 2050.
d, followed by 15-59 years old at 46.3%. On the other hand, a small minority of senior people at 3.65% majority of 15-59 years accounted for the largest age group, whereas nearly a quarter of population population was from 0-14 years, which was far lower than Italy's population of same age group.
ased to 57.3% and 37% for 0-14 years and 15-59 years respectively. The least age group would be the significant majority of the population would be of middle-aged and senior people. Lastly,
Part 2
en and Italy in 2000 and projections for 2050. It is immediately evident that the young and middle-aged
ly followed by 15-59 years old at 46.3%. The fewest number of people at 3.6% was from 60+ years in 2000. are expected to increase by 11% and for 0-14 years old the numbers are going to decrease to over a third. mb by a marginal amount of precisely 2.1%.
f population of 15-59 and 60+ years, at 61.6% and 24.1% respectively. The least number of population was s for 2050, the population figures were notacebly different, as the figures are predicting nearly 15% decrease f young people is also predicted to drop fractionally to 11.5%.
ntry from May 2015 to June 2016, a period of eleven months . We can clearly see that there were a
ular political party at 41%, whereas just over a quarter of country supporters supported labour party. ely 19% people supported liberal democrats, whereas one in ten people preferred green party.
. Conservatives party popularity increased by 45%, but a year after the June 2015 election the ely a quarter of people, slightly lower than one month before the election, supported labour party and
ned 6 and 12 months after the June 2015 election. One in ten people supported to both these parties and in 2016,
ly 6 and 12 months after the June 2015 election. In december 2015, the popularity rose to a tenth and
ure activities were almost the same in both the
accounted for nearly 60%. In sharp contrast to on was under a quarter of the total electricity.
s significantly higher than hydroelectric Finally, the least sources of energy
nditure categories were much smaller. come, government grants and other
6 4 3 13
Gold Rate Labour 168000 24000 112000 16000 84000 12000 364000 52000
192000 128000 96000 416000
The line graph shows the changes in the number of diary and arable farms in the UK, and the pie charts illustrate the
The line graph shows that there were alomost twice as many diary farms as arable farms over this period, with num However, this difference did narrow by 2011, when the number of diary farms had fallen from 2000 to just 1900 , w Finally, the arable farms fluctuated marginally, but, interestingly, from 2007 the dairy farms decreased continously t
Moving on to pie charts, we can see that the same five crops were grown in both periods, but there was a notable c In 2006, wheat and corn accounted for just over and u, By 2011, however, almost a quarter of rapeseed was grown and corn and wheat were 5% less produce than before. almost unchanged at around 10%.
The line graph illustrates the percentages of unemployed women in 8 age groups. It can be clearly seen that age gro
K, and the pie charts illustrate the changes in arable crops grown between 2006 and 2011.
arms over this period, with numbers fluctuating between 2000 farms and 1000 farms respectively. allen from 2000 to just 1900 , whereas the number of arable farms rose to exactly 1000 farms y farms decreased continously to finish at approximately 1900 farms.
riods, but there was a notable change in the proportion of these crops.
re 5% less produce than before. One exception to this trend was potatoes and barley which stayed
can be clearly seen that age groups of 18 and of 45 have the highest unemployment rate.
BAR GRAPH- STOCK MARKETS INDEX VALUES
The chart illustrates the value of four international money market indices between 2005 and 2008, a period of 4 yea rose steadily in value from 2005 to 2007 and falling sharply at the end of 2008. It can also be note that the Dow Jon consistently lowest valued index.
To begin, the American index was the strongest in each of the four years, peaking in value at around 13000 points i points in 2008. The British market index was the second largest index throughout the four years, peaked in value at by the end of 2008. Interestingly, the Dow Jones index value was almost twice the value of the FTSE.
The French and British markets index are closely similar in terms of value and performance, though the British Mark index over the 4 year timescale. In sharp contrast, KOSPI was the lowest valued index throughout the period, thoug BAR GRAPH- COMPUTER PACKAGE
The bar chart illustrates the download rate per week of ActiveX, Java and Net from the internet over a period of five package to download, whereas NET was the least computer package amongst the three./ whereas Net was the only
To begin, ActiveX and Java showed a similar pattern, with both increasing gradually from week 1 to week 5. The do than Java over this time frame. In week 1, Active X was downloaded at almost 75,000 times, whereas for Java it wa Active X kept soaring and then it reached a peak of just over 120000 times in final week. Java also increased at a co
In sharp contrast to this, Net was the least computer package to download. It began the period at just under 40,000 to reach a low of approximately 15000 times. It then rose spectacularly over the following two weeks to finish the p and Java. 1 almost/ approximately/ around/ nearly 2 almost 80000 times/ around 75000 times/ nearly 62000 times/ approximately 65000 times 3 just under/ just over LINE GRAPH- FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION
The line graph illustrates the amount of (three types of fast food) consumed by teenagers in Australia between 197 the consumption of pizza and hamburgers increased over the period, whereas the amount of fish and chips that wa
In 1975, fish and chips was the most popular fast food with Australian teenagers, being eaten 100 times per year. Th consumed approximately 5 times a year. Apart from a significant rise, however, from 1980 to 1985, the consumptio to finish at just under 40 times per year. (In sharp contrast to this, the consumption of other two fast foods followed a similar upward trend over the perio In sharp contrast to this, the consumption of other two fast foods followed a similar trend, with both increasing ste consistently until it overtook the consumption of fish and chips in 1990 and thereafter it stabilized between 1995 to spectacularly from 1975-1984, exceeding the consumption of fish and chips in 1985. It finished at the same level w BAR GRAPH- HOLIDAY ACCOMMODATION- IDENTIFYING PATTERNS
The bar chart illustrates the holiday accommodation preferred by people in the British(in the United Kingdom) in 20 were much the most popular form of accommodation.
To begin, approximately 50% of people chose to stay in hotels in all the four countries. This figure was the highest i chose self-catering and far higher than the number of people who prefered camping at nearly 12% and finally Carav and Wales. In both countries, just over and just under 50% of people prefered to stay in hotels with approximately caravan accomodation at around 12% was two times more popular than camping in Scotland, whereas the opposit
Interestingly, Nortern Ireland is such a country that shows a different pattern. It is of note that how over 30% of hol self-catering at around 12%. Interestingly, the one country that showed a different pattern is Nortern Ireland. It is notable how there over 30% of self-catering and camping at nearly 12%.
BAR GRAPH- PURPOSE OF JOURNEYS BY MALE AND FEMALE- ORGANISING YOUR A
This bar chart illustrates the different reasons for making journeys in the UK in 2006 by males and females and how
NOTE
It is immediately evident that commuting and business and shopping were the most popular purposes for journeys Next, the second most popular reasons were visiting friends and school run at nearly 15% average, closely followed Sport/entertainment journey accounted for approximately 7% average, which was fractionally higher than education Finally, the least number of journeys were walking and holiday trip, both sexes accounted for around 3% of all journ Travelling for sport/entertainment at nearly 7% average was marginally higher than education at 6% average Typically, there were also few major differences between males and females. A similar number of journeys were tak The two purposes for journeys where men travelled significantly more than women were commuting and business a shopping, school run and friends. Notably, almost twice as many men as women travelled for sport/entertainment. LINE GRAPH- TWO FACTORS -ORGANISING YOUR ANSWER
The line graph illustrates the importance that four ages groups rate on five various factors when while buying a new crime rate is the most important variable amongst all the age groups, while public transport is the least factor .
To begin, of all the factors, the desire for a low crime rate is by far the most important. Amongst all the age groups, t It is,however,fractionally higher for middle-aged and elderly. Next, schools are also seen as a very important factor a this figure fell drastically to just under a quarter for 55-64 year olds.
Shopping facilities, at around 13%, are not given too much importance than crime rate and schools by the younger a get older its importance increases and exceeds the importance of schools at (nearly) over 25% for 55-64 year olds.F given too much importance than other factors./Finally, neither parks nor public transport are given as importance
ORGANIZING ANSWER BY AGE GROUPS The line graph illustrates how various ages groups rate on five various factors in terms of importance when buying a rate is considered to be the most important variables amongst all the age groups, whereas public transport is the lea
The factors that are very important while buying a new home remained almost identical/are fairly similar for the fir To begin, crime rate accounted for around 80% of these groups, however this figure is marginally higher for aged 35 Schools as a factor is also very simliar at approximately 60%, but fell significantly slightly to just over 50% for 35 to 4
Finally, shopping facilities , parks and public transport are given less importance as a factors than crime rate and sch
Moving on to the next two age groups, crime rate followed a similar upward trend like (the) younger age groups, wit In contrast to the younger age groups, the importance of schools decreased significantly to finish at just under a qua Interestingly, a large proportion of these age groups emphasis on shopping facilities.Finally, parks and public facilitie
BAR GRAPH- DRUGS CONSUMPTION IN NEWZEALAND The bar chart illustrates, measured in percentages, the various types of drugs consumed by boys and girls in a schoo hashish or marijuana is the most popular drug to consume, whereas LSD is taken the least. At first glance we can als a similar amount of cocaine is taken by both sexes.
To begin, boys consume more hashish or marijuana than girls at around 32% and just under 30% respectively. Likewi girls at only 5%. On the other hand, the figures for amphetamines and solvents are fairly similar for both genders at
Notably, the trend for LSD and recreational use of drugs is exactly similar for boys and girls at 3% for boys and 2% an amount of cocaine. LINE GRAPH- SPREADS CONSUMPTION
The line graph shows the amount of Margarine, Lowfat and reduced spreads and butter consumed in grams betwee that the consumption of butter and margarine decreased significantly over the period, whereas there was a conside
In 1981, butter was the most popular spread to consume at approximately 140 grams and continued to increase unti After 1986, however, there was a consistent decline in the consumption to finish the period to a low of around 50 gr
In sharp contrast to this, the margarine consumption showed a opposite trend as compared to consumption of butte in 1991, but after 1996, the consumption plummeted gradually to finish the period at precisely 40 grams.
On the other hand, low fat and reduced spreads were introduced in 1996 and increased consistently over the next fi contracted, which was still more popular than other spreads. BAR GRAPH-GDP in THE UK
The bar chart illustrates the Gross Domestic Product contributed by the IT and Service industry in the UK between 1 Overall, it can be clearly seen that both increased as a percentage of GDP, but the IT industry was considerably hig
In 1992, the Service industry accounted for 4% of GDP, while IT industry exceeded this, at just over 6%. Over the nex similar, with both components standing between 6% and 8%. IT industry was still higher over these three years, thou
In 1992, the IT industry accounted for just over 6% of GDP, while the service industry at only 4%. The levels of both Despite a marginal dip from 1994 to 1996, the IT industry was still higher over this time frame.
Interestingly, over the following two years the patterns of the two components were notably different. The percenta and then it reached a peak of nearly 15% at the end of the period. In sharp contrast to this, the service industry leve which was still lower than service industry over the entire period.
Bar Chart- British Emigration to Five destinations
The bar chart illustrates the number of British people who emigrated to five destinations from 2004 and 2007, a per popular country to emigrate throughout the period.
In 2004 and 2005, just over and just under 40,000 people emigrated to Australia, whereas for Spain it was around 35 The figures for Australia rose spectacularly to almost 52,000 in 2006, before slipping back to around 43000 in 2007.
Moving on to Spain, it was the second most popular destination, but its popularity declined over the period to finish remaining three countries. Likewise, Newzealand followed a similar downward trend with approximately 20,000 peo fluctuated between 20,000 and 25,000 people throughout the period. Similarly, Newzealand followed a similar downward trend throughout the period, with approximately 20,000 Briti and about 20,000 in 2005 and 2007. Finally, the number of people who emigrated to France went up to nearly 35,000 in 2005, but it was the country tha at the end of the period. Finally, the number of people who emigrated to France rose sharply to over 35,000 in 2005, but the figures droppe the other countries
Bar and Line Graph The line graph illustrates the number of visitors in millions from the UK who went abroad and those that came to th which countries were the most popular for the UK residents in 1999. It can be clearly seen that both visits to and fro was the most popular country to visit by the UK residents.
To begin, both visits abroad by UK residents and visits to the UK by overseas residents followed a similar pattern, wit Visits abroad, however, by UK residents was significantly higher than overseas residents over this time frame. In 197 visits abroad increased significantly to reach a peak of over 50 million. Visits to the UK by overseas residents also ros of overseas visitors going to the UK.
On the other hand, a significant majority of UK visitors, at around 11 million visited to the most popular country i.e. While, the USA, Greece and Turkey were far less popular than the France and Spain at around 4,3 and 2 million visito Car theft- Line graph
The line graph compares the number of car thefts per thousand in four European countries from 1990 to 1999, a pe were significantly higher than the other three countries over the period.
To begin, car thefts in Sweden, France and Canada followed a fairly similar pattern for the first five years, all remainin The number, however, of car thefts in France and Canada decreased over the period, with both at around 6 per thou upward trend, with starting the period at nearly 9 per thousand and increased spectacularly over the 9 year timesca
Interestingly, the car thefts in Britain started at 18 per thousand in 1990, which was far higher than the remaining co peak of almost 20 thefts per thousand in 1996 and thereafter the car thefts continued to decline to nearly 19 per th
To begin with, car thefts in Sweden, France and Canada followed a similar pattern for the first five years at betwee Canada decreased over the period, with both stood at nearly 6 per thousand in 1999. In sharp contrast to this, car It started the period at approximately 8 per thousand and rose spectacularly to reach a peak of under 15 per thou Britain.
Interestingly, Great Britain showed a fluctuated trend over the time frame. In 1990, the figures were under 20 per Despite a fall from 1992 to 1993, the car thefts significantly increased to a high of around 20 per thousand in 1996 per thousand, which was fractionally lower than where it began. Succeed in IELTS Academic- TEST 6
The chart illustrates the use of four methods of payment by consumers in the United States between 2002 and 2005 most popular method of payment, while debit card was swiped the least.
In 2002, cash was the most preferred mode of payment by consumers at nearly 35%. This was significantly higher th nearly 13%. In 2003, cash as a mode of payment fell drastically to nearly a quarter, with levels stabilized till 2004. Th was still less popular than it began the period.
The cheque and credit card showed a similar upward trend till 2003, with nearly 30% used by US consumers. The us stable at just under 35% at the end of the period. On the other hand, between 2003 and 2004, the trend of cheque over a quarter.
In sharp contrast to this, debit card was the least popular amongst US consumers. In first two years, around 13% wa period to a low of nearly 10%, which was the least used than cash, credit card and cheque.
Choosing the right details in a Bar Chart
The bar chart illustrates the comparison of males and females proficiency in foreign language in percentages in six c than males are expertise in second language. (It is immediately apparent that females are much more proficient th
If we look at males we can see that India has the highest proportion of foreign language speakers at around 56% and in Romania are proficient in foreign language, which stood second amongst all the countries. Moving on to the othe around 35% to 30%, which were far lower than India and Romania.
In sharp contrast to this, more number of females than males are proficient in second language in all the countries, around 67%, closely followed by Romania at around 65% and then by Russia and Vietnam at nearly 55% and 43% re are China and Thailand at around 30%, however, China was slightly higher than Thailand by nearly 3%. Bar chart- Monthly expenditure
The bar chart illustrates the monthly expenses in dollars on food, gas and clothing by a family in the USA in 2010. It i over the period.
To begin, in January food accounted for the largest expenses at around $500 and rose slightly by around $80 in Febr two months to finish the period at around $300. On the other hand, gas expenses was approximately $350 in Januar expenditure levels of gas rose significantly over the next two months to end the period to a high of under $600.
Moving on to clothing, there was not consistent patterns over this time frame. It began the period at over $200, whi in February before slipping back to around $440 in March. It ended the period to a high of $650, which was the high time frame.
With the exception of an increase in March, the average spending on three items decreased significantly. Line Graph- Employment
The graph illustrates the comparision between males and females employment in six different sectors in Freedonia b
Cambridge English IELTS 9- Test 2
The bar chart illustrates the amount of time spent on different types of telephone calls in the UK between 1995-200 of telephone calls in minutes consistently increased, except local-fixed line, but those were the most popular among
To begin, local- fixed line calls were the most popular throughout the period, it began the period at just over 70 billio in 1999. Therafter, the number of calls in minutes contracted over the following four years and ended the period to
On the other hand, national and international- fixed line calls increased consistently over a period of 8 years. In 1995 but quite slowly until 1999, then the figures increased drastically in the following three years to around 60 billions in
In sharp contrast, the situation was quite different for mobiles (all calls). In 1995 only around 2 billions minutes calls however, the figures increased spectatularly to reach a high of over 40 billions in 2002. Cambridge English IELTS 9- Test 4
The graph illustrates the amount of energy consumption in the US from 1980 to 2010, and projected consumption ti petrol and oil consumption increased considerably and predicted to be the largest consumption of energy, whereas
In 1980, petrol and oil consumption were the highest at 35 quadrillion units, with figures fluctuated between 1980 t consumption is expected to rise to over 45 quadrillion units to 2030. Energy consumption derived from coal and nat the period at over 15 and 20 quadrillion units respectively. The coal consumption increased steadily till 1995 to over despite the figures were levelled off with coal between 1985-90. Therafter the coal consumption decreased till 2005 nearly 31q units in 2030. Whereas for natural gas, the figures were not stable and expected to rise to over 21q units
On the other hand, from 1980 to 1995, the levels of nuclear, solar/wind and hydropower were fairly similar between Thereafter, the consumption of nuclear as well as solar/wind rose gradually and they both are expected to rise slight hyrdopwer consumption fluctuated between 1995-2010, but the levels remained stable till 2030. IELTS upgrade Practice Test 2
The line graph illustrates the amount of money spent on food, education and entertainment by people in the United differences in expenditure of three items amongst three income groups.
To begin with the people in the poorest category spend most of their income on food at just under 70%, but as incom
category spending between 40% and nearly 32%. The richest category spend the least income on food at nearly 5%. between approximately 28% and 31%. While the poorest expenditure on education is in the range of 0%-30%, the re these category the expenditure decreases to nearly 15%.
On the other hand, as the income increases in poorest category the expenditure on entertainment also increases to amount. Finally, it seems that richest people are more inclined towards entertainment which spends at over 30%.
2005 and 2008, a period of 4 years. At first glance, we can see that all the four indices an also be note that the Dow Jones was the highest valued index, whereas KOSPI was the
n value at around 13000 points in 2007, before dropping off to its lowest value at around 9000 he four years, peaked in value at just over 6000 points in 2007 and posting a 2000 point drop alue of the FTSE.
mance, though the British Market index values always exceeded the values of French market ex throughout the period, though it exhibited a similar overall trend.
the internet over a period of five weeks. It can be clearly seen that Active X was the most popular computer hree./ whereas Net was the only computer package that was the least downloaded from the internet
y from week 1 to week 5. The download rate of ActiveX, however, was significantly higher 00 times, whereas for Java it was 30,000 times lower. Despite a slight fall in week 4, downloading of week. Java also increased at a consistent rate finishing the period at just over 80000 times.
n the period at just under 40,000 times and plummeted consistently over the next two weeks llowing two weeks to finish the period at nearly 50000 times, which was still lower than ActiveX
nagers in Australia between 1975 and 2000, a period of 25 years. At first glance we can see that amount of fish and chips that was eaten decreased.
eing eaten 100 times per year. This was significantly higher than pizza and hamburgers, which were m 1980 to 1985, the consumption of fish and chips contracted gradually over the 25 year timescale
lar upward trend over the period) r trend, with both increasing steadily over the period. Firstly, pizza consumption rose fter it stabilized between 1995 to 2000. Finally, the biggest rise was seen in hamburgers, increasing 5. It finished at the same level where that fish and chips began, with consumption at precisely 100 times a year.
YING PATTERNS
tish(in the United Kingdom) in 2010. It can be clearly seen that all the four countries preferred a similar choices and (that) hotels
es. This figure was the highest in England at around 55%, almost twice the number of people who g at nearly 12% and finally Caravan at around 5%. A similar pattern was repeated in Scotland ay in hotels with approximately 30% in self-catering. There was a one exception, (however), that n Scotland, whereas the opposite pattern (can)could be seen in Wales.
f note that how over 30% of holidaymakers prefered caravan accommodation than both camping and
s notable how there over 30% of the population preferred caravan accommodation in preference to
D FEMALE- ORGANISING YOUR ANSWER
6 by males and females and how they differed in this.
st popular purposes for journeys, both being accounted for/ approximately 20% of all journeys ly 15% average, closely followed by personal business at around 10% average. ractionally higher than education at 6% average. unted for around 3% of all journeys education at 6% average ilar number of journeys were taken by both sexes in walking, holidays and personal business. were commuting and business and education, while more number of women travelled for avelled for sport/entertainment.
actors when while buying a new home. It is measured in percentages. It is immediately apparent that a low ansport is the least factor .
nt. Amongst all the age groups, this figure stand stands at approximately 80 percent. een as a very important factor at around 50% for the first two age groups, whereas
ate and schools by the younger age groups. In sharp contrast to this, as people ) over 25% for 55-64 year olds.Finally, amongst all the age groups, neither parks nor public transport are nsport are given as importance as the other factors by any of the age groups.
ms of importance when buying a new home. It is measured in perentages. It is of note that a low crime hereas public transport is the least factor.
ntical/are fairly similar for the first two age groups. is marginally higher for aged 35 to 44. ghtly to just over 50% for 35 to 44 year olds.
factors than crime rate and schools.
ke (the) younger age groups, with accounted for nearly 80%. antly to finish at just under a quarter for aged over 55. .Finally, parks and public facilities became all important factors as people get older.
NEWZEALAND med by boys and girls in a school in New Zealand. It is immediately evident that e least. At first glance we can also see that boys consume more drugs than girls, however,
st under 30% respectively. Likewise, boys take opium or morphine at approximately 8%, but airly similar for both genders at 4% for boys and 2% and 3% for girls for both drugs.
nd girls at 3% for boys and 2% and 3% for girls. Finally, boys and girls consume an equal
tter consumed in grams between 1981 and 2007, a period of 26 years. It is immediately evident od, whereas there was a considerable increase in the consumption of lowfat and reduced spreads.
ms and continued to increase until it reached a peak of 160 grams per person in 1986. e period to a low of around 50 grams per person.
mpared to consumption of butter from 1981-1986. It exceeded the consumption of butter at precisely 40 grams.
ased consistently over the next five years at nearly 80 grams in 2001. After 2001, however, the consumption
ce industry in the UK between 1992 and 2000, a period of 8 years. It is measured in percentages. T industry was considerably higher than service industry over this time frame.
his, at just over 6%. Over the next two years, the trend for both the industries were fairly gher over these three years, though it dipped marginally from 1994-1996.
try at only 4%. The levels of both the industries between 1994 to 1996 were fairly similar, with both components standing between 6% a time frame.
e notably different. The percentage of GDP from the IT industry rose sharply to 12% in 1998 to this, the service industry levels stayed nearly the same, increasing to only 8 percent,
tions from 2004 and 2007, a period of four years. It is evident that the Australia was much the most
hereas for Spain it was around 35000, and twice as high as the other three countries. back to around 43000 in 2007.
declined over the period to finish at nearly 29000 in 2007. Despite this, it was still popular than the d with approximately 20,000 people emigrated each year, while the figures for the USA
with approximately 20,000 British people emigrated each year, while the figures for the USA fluctuated, with nearly 25,000 people emig
2005, but it was the country that was the least popular to emigrate, at just under 20,000 people
0 in 2005, but the figures dropped consistently in 2006 and 2007 and at the end of the period just under 20,000 people emigrated, which
broad and those that came to the UK between 1979 and 1999, while the bar graph represents y seen that both visits to and from the UK increased consistenly over the period, and (that) France
ts followed a similar pattern, with both gradually increasing over the 10 year timescale. ents over this time frame. In 1979, the figures were fairly similar, at around 10 million, but UK by overseas residents also rose gradually, but it finished the period at nearly a quarter
to the most popular country i.e. France, followed by Spain at nearly 9 million. at around 4,3 and 2 million visitors respectively.
untries from 1990 to 1999, a period of 10 years. It is immediately evident that car thefts in Britain
or the first five years, all remaining at between 5 and 10 per thousand. , with both at around 6 per thousand in 1999. In stark contrast to this, Sweden experienced an tacularly over the 9 year timescale to finish the period at under 15 per thousand.
far higher than the remaining countries. The figures then fluctuated throughout the period, reaching a ed to decline to nearly 19 per thousand, which was fractionally lower than where it began.
for the first five years at between 5 and 10 per thousand. The number, however, of car thefts in France and 99. In sharp contrast to this, car thefts in Sweden followed an upward trend over the 10 year timescale. ach a peak of under 15 per thousand in 1999, which was far higher than France and Canada, but lower than
, the figures were under 20 per thousand, which were considerably higher than the remaining countries. around 20 per thousand in 1996. Thereafter, the figures started declining and ended the period at 17
d States between 2002 and 2005, a period of 4 years. It is immediately evident that cheque was the
%. This was significantly higher than cheque and credit card with around 25% of their purchases and debit card accounted for with levels stabilized till 2004. Thereafter, it rose gradually to finish the period at just under 30%, which
% used by US consumers. The use of cheque, however, continued to increase until 2004, then it remained 3 and 2004, the trend of cheque remained steady, but decreased consistently to finish the period, at
n first two years, around 13% was used by consumers and then plummeted consistently to finish the
language in percentages in six countries. It is immediately evident that a higher percentage of females ales are much more proficient than males in foreign language.)
uage speakers at around 56% and China constitute the least at approximately 16%. Nearly 42% males ountries. Moving on to the other three countries, Vietnam, Thailand and Russia accounted between
nd language in all the countries, except in Thailand. India once again tops in females category with etnam at nearly 55% and 43% respectively. The two countries that were the least foreign language speakers land by nearly 3%.
y a family in the USA in 2010. It is immediately evident that the levels of all the three items fluctuated
se slightly by around $80 in February. But, thereafter the food expenditure decreased over the following as approximately $350 in January, falling in the month of February and in sharp contrast to food, the iod to a high of under $600.
gan the period at over $200, which was the lowest expenditure and rose spectacularly to nearly $580 high of $650, which was the highest expenditure incurred by family not only in March but also over this
ecreased significantly.
x different sectors in Freedonia between 1975 and 1995.
alls in the UK between 1995-2002, a period of 8 years. It can be clearly seen that all the three types e were the most popular amongst the UK residents over this time frame.
n the period at just over 70 billions minutes and rose gradually to reach a peak of nearly 90 billions r years and ended the period to match the 1995 figure in 2002.
over a period of 8 years. In 1995 the figures were around 38 billions minutes with rising gradually, ree years to around 60 billions in 2002.
y around 2 billions minutes calls were made, climbing gradually to around 15 billions in 1999. After 1999,
0, and projected consumption till 2030, a information derived from 2008. It is immediately evident that onsumption of energy, whereas hydropower is expected to be the least consumption.
gures fluctuated between 1980 to 1995, and by 2005 the figures rose to 40 quadrillion units. The mption derived from coal and natural gas were fairly similar over this time frame. Both of them started creased steadily till 1995 to over 20 quadrillion units, while the consumption of natural gas contracted, consumption decreased till 2005, but started to soared consistently and predicted to rise to xpected to rise to over 21q units, which is fractionally higher than its 1980 figures.
ower were fairly similar between 5 and 3q units respectively, but nuclear consumption was the highest. y both are expected to rise slightly to nearly 5 and just under 5q units respectively. Whereas the able till 2030.
ainment by people in the United Kingdom. It is immedicately evident that there were significant
d at just under 70%, but as income increases the expenditure starts to decline with middle income
ast income on food at nearly 5%. Moving on to education it was the highest in the middle income category is in the range of 0%-30%, the reverse trend is reflected in richest category, as the income increases in
entertainment also increases to nearly 22%, whereas in middle income category they spend the least nt which spends at over 30%.
oices and (that) hotels
ponents standing between 6% and 8%.
with nearly 25,000 people emigrated in 2004 and 2006,
20,000 people emigrated, which was far lower than
ard accounted for
Process of payment by credit card
This diagram shows the different stages in the process of making a purchase with a credit card. We can see from it there are seven different steps until the merchant receives payment.
The first step is that the customer offers his credit card to pay for the goods. At that point, the merchant has to requ organisation and at the same time the consumer's bank should also authorised this transaction. Once the authorisa customer.
The merchant, however, does not receive the payment unless it has paid transaction fees to the credit card organisa transfer the funds for the transaction to the merchant's own bank, which will then credit the merchant's bank accou
The merchant, however, does not receive the payment unless it has paid transaction fees to the credit card organi bank will transfer funds of the purchase after deducting transaction fees to the merchant's own bank which will th Process of manufacturing bricks This diagram shows the different stages in the process of making bricks for the building industry. We can see from it digging up of clay and ends in delivery of the bricks.
The first step is the clay which is used to make the bricks is dug up from the ground by a large digger. This clay is the smaller pieces. A roller assists in this process. Following this, sand and water are added to the clay and this mixture i wire cutter. Next, these bricks are transferred into an oven to dry for 24 to 48 hrs.
In the subsequent stage, the bricks go through a heating and cooling process. They are heated in a kiln at a moderat cooling process in a chamber for 2-3 days. Finally, the bricks are packed and delivered to their destinations.
Chocolate Production
This diagram shows the different stages in the process of manufacturing chocolate. We can see from it that there are on cacao trees and ends in production of the chocolate.
To begin, the cocoa which comes from the cacao trees are grown in South Amercian and African continents and Indo cocoa beens are removed. Next, they are fermented and then they are laid out on a large try to dry under the sun. F factory by either train or lorry. The beans are then roasted at a temperature of 350 degrees, after which they are cru part that is left is pressed by a mechanism and the chocolate is produced. Tea manufacture
This diagram shows the different stages in the process of manufacturing tea. We can see from it that all the five type significant differences in the process of five type of teas.
The first three stages of manufacture are similar for all of the five teas. To begin, the leaves are grown, then they are similar, where all the leaves are dried in an oven. There are, however, different methods of production between vari
Firstly, white tea is unique as it involves no other processing. In contrast, green, oolong and large leaf black tea are a before being rolled, but is not fermented. The other two teas are first rolled and then they are fermented (oolong on black tea is neither steamed nor rolled, but it is crushed before being fully fermented.
This diagram shows the different stages in the process of making bricks for the building industry. We can see from it of the clay and ends in delivery of the bricks
Vocabulary- next, then, after, before, once after that, to begin, following this, subsequently, finally
a credit card. We can see from it that there are five different parties involved in such a transaction and
point, the merchant has to request for the payment which is to be authorised by the credit card transaction. Once the authorisation has been received, the merchant can then release the goods to the
n fees to the credit card organisation. After that has been paid, the consumer's issuing bank will redit the merchant's bank account with the amount of the purchase less the transaction fees.
on fees to the credit card organisation. Once the transaction fees has been paid, the consumer's issuing erchant's own bank which will then credit to the merchant's bank account
ing industry. We can see from it there are seven different steps which begins with the
by a large digger. This clay is then placed onto a metal grid, which is used to break up the clay into ded to the clay and this mixture is turned into bricks by either placing it into a mould or using a
are heated in a kiln at a moderate and high temperature (ranging from 200C- 1300C), followed by ed to their destinations.
We can see from it that there are ten different steps which begins with the growing of the pods
and African continents and Indonesia. Once the pods are ripe and red, they are harvested and white large try to dry under the sun. Following this, they are placed into large sacks and delivered to the degrees, after which they are crushed and separated from their outer shell. In the last stage, the inner
n see from it that all the five types of teas are produced from the same leaf, while there are
leaves are grown, then they are plucked and wilting of the leaves occurs. The final stage is also hods of production between various stages.
ong and large leaf black tea are all rolled as part of the process. Green tea, however, is steamed n they are fermented (oolong only slightly but large leaf black completely). Finally, small leaf
ing industry. We can see from it that there are seven different steps which starts with the digging up
Countries - five Year 1982 language of change and language of comparison and contrast Biggest USA in all the the four criteria Smallest Bangladesh in all the four criteria Bolivia and Indonesia are fairly similar egypt- much more better than bol and indon Content- quality of life in 5 countries Economic indicators
Table- Standard of living
The table compares the standard of living by using four economic indicators of five countries in 1982. It is immediate had the lowest amongst the four countries.
To begin, the USA had the highest GNP at US$13160 per head. It's daily calorie intake per head and life expectancy w mortality rate. On the other hand, the other developing countries quality of life was were significantly lower. The ec Egypt's standard of living was considerably higher amongst the three. The infant mortality rate, however, in Egypt wa in Indonesia.
In sharp contrast to this, Bangladesh had the lowest standard of living in all the indicators. Its GNP was almost hundr expectancy were nearly half of the USA, and its infant mortality rate was precisely 11 times greater. Table- Monthly income
The table shows the amount of household income that five countries in Europe spend per month on four items. It is Food and drink and housing, while less amount on clothing and entertainment.
To begin, housing accounted for the largest expenditure for France, Germany and the UK, with approximately one th nearly a quarter of their income on food and drink. This pattern, however, is reverse for Turkey and Spain, with just o on housing.
Next, all the five countries spend the least amount of their income on clothing and entertainment. Germany spend t while UK and the Turkey spend the similar amount of their income. Next, a small minority, at nearly 8%, is spend on entertainment than clothing, in the range of 13%-15%. Table- School attendance
The table illustrates the percentage of school children attending four different types of secondary school from 2000 voluntary-controlled schools experienced a heavy decline in number of pupils, while there was a spectacular increas
To begin, nearly half of the pupils attended voluntary-controlled schools in 2000 and thereafter the figures contracte Likewise, nearly a quarter of children attended grammar schools in 2000, but it also dropped consistently by a half to but over the 10 year timescale the levels were fairly similar, with nearly one in ten pupils attending this school.
In sharp contrast to this, the situation was totally different in community schools as compared to other schools. In 2 consistently to reach a peak of nearly 60% in 2009.
In contrast, the situation was totally different in community schools as compared to other schools. The students atte In 2000, roughly one in ten pupils attended with rising by one-fifth to 32% and then it reached a peak of 58% in 2009
countries in 1982. It is immediately evident that the USA had the highest quality of life, while Bangladesh
e per head and life expectancy was far higher than the other four countries, and the lowest infant were significantly lower. The economic indicators for Egypt, Indonesia and Bolivia were fairly similar, but , rtality rate, however, in Egypt was slightly higher than Indonesia's at 97 deaths per 1000 compared to 87
cators. Its GNP was almost hundred times smaller than the USA's. Even its calorie intake and life 1 times greater.
nd per month on four items. It is of note that all the five countries spend majority of their income on
e UK, with approximately one third of their income spend on this category. In contrast, these countries spend for Turkey and Spain, with just over and just under a third of their income on food and drink, but only a fifth
entertainment. Germany spend the largest amount on both items, at just over a third of their income, nority, at nearly 8%, is spend on clothing by Spain and France, but these countries spend two times more on
of secondary school from 2000 to 2009. It is immediately evident that the specialist, grammar and e there was a spectacular increase in children's attendance in community schools over this time frame.
d thereafter the figures contracted drastically to precisely one-fifth in 2009. dropped consistently by a half to exactly 12%. This figure was exactly matched by specialist schools in 2000, upils attending this school.
compared to other schools. In 2000, about one out of twelve children attended and then it rose
other schools. The students attendance showed a positive trend throughout the period. it reached a peak of 58% in 2009.
Brandfield Map
The map illustrates the two proposed sites for construction of shopping mall in the city of Branfield. We can see that north and the southeast of the town.
The first possible site, S1, for the shopping mall, is just north of the City centre, above the railway line, which runs fro built here, it will be next to to a housing estate, which will be easy access to those living in the City centre and housi
The second proposed site, S2, is again just near the railway line and fairly close to the City centre. It is also near to an through the city and is close to both the sites, thus providing good access to both the sites. A large golf course and p Cambridge English IELTS 9- Test 1
The two maps show the same island while the first one is before and the second one is after the construction of vari significant changes in the island after the intoduction of some tourist facilities.
The first island before the construction is surrounded by the sea from all the sides with a beach in the west and num
Moving on to the second map, we can see there are plenty of row houses on the island. One is the accommodation Between them there is a restaurant and a reception surrounded by vehicle track. This track connects from restauran Furthermore, a footpath connects to the accomodation and this footpath also leads to the beach in the west, where
To conclude, comparisng both the islands there were a variety of differences after the construction of various faciliti
city of Branfield. We can see that the two possible sites, S1 and S2, under consideration are in the
ve the railway line, which runs from the southeast to the northwest of the city. If shopping mall is ving in the City centre and housing estate. It will also be next to the river, which flows through the town.
e City centre. It is also near to an industrial site rather than housing. There is a main road that runs e sites. A large golf course and park in the west of the town prevents this area from being available as a site
e is after the construction of various tourist facilities for tourism. We can clearly see that there were
with a beach in the west and numerous cocounut trees planted on the west and east side of the island.
and. One is the accommodation in the west, while the other one is in the centre of the island. is track connects from restaurant to reception and it also leads to pier where tourists can do sailing in the sea, which is located in the south to the beach in the west, where tourists can do swimming.
he construction of various facilities for tourists and it is used not only for eating and staying, but also for swimming.
sea, which is located in the south of the island.
