INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR MODEL U-2810 SPECTROPHOTOMETER
(MAINTENANCE MANUAL)
Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation Copyright
C
Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation 2003. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.
Part No. 122-9905 TS-K �HT-HMS042068�
PREFACE Thank you very much for your purchase of Hitachi Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometer. The spectrophotometer is intended for use by persons having a basic knowledge of chemical analysis. Remember that improper use of analytical instruments, chemicals or samples would result not only in wrong analytical data but also in consequences consequences adverse to safety. Before using the instrument, be sure to read through this instruction manual to enable correct use.
ABOUT THIS MANUAL This instruction manual consists of the following two manuals. •
•
Instruction Manual for Model Model U-2810 U-2810 Spectrophotometer; Spectrophotometer; Maintenance Manual (Part No. 122-9905) Instruction Manual for Hitachi Hitachi Spectrophotomete Spectrophotometerr Series; Series; UV Solutions Program Operation Manual (Part No. 134-9010)
The above manuals describe the operating instructions and precautions for the Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometer. Before using the instrument, be sure to read through this instruction manual. First of all, read “SAFETY SUMMARY” included at the beginning of this manual for ensuring safety in operation of the spectrophotometer main unit. For operation, refer to the t he UV Solutions program manual.
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IMPORTANT PRECAUTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE INTERFERENCE 1.
Possible Electromagnetic Electromagnetic Wave Interference Caused by This Instrument When this instrument is used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto, it may cause interference to radio and television reception. To prevent this, use the specified system connection cables in strict accordance with the instruction instruction manual. The instrument is designed to minimize possible electromagnetic wave interference caused by it if the specified cables are connected properly. However, there is no guarantee that electromagnetic wave interference will not be caused by the instrument. If the instrument does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning off and on the instrument, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: Increase separation separation between the instrument instrument and and radio/TV radio/TV receiver. Connect the instrument to an outlet on a circuit circuit different different from that to which the radio/TV receiver is connected. •
•
2.
Possible Electromagnetic Wave Interference Affecting This Instrument If this instrument is used near an intense electromagnetic source, interference noise may be given to the t he instrument to incur an adverse effect on its performance or functionality. To prevent this, use the specified system connection cables in strict accordance with the instruction instruction manual. The instrument is designed to minimize possible electromagnetic wave interference affecting it if the specified cables are connected properly. However, there is no guarantee that electromagnetic wave interference will not occur occur in this instrument. instrument. If the instrument does incur electromagnetic wave interference, which can be determined by turning on and off possible sources of electromagnetic electromagnetic wave interference nearby, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
IMPORTANT - 1
• •
•
•
•
Reorient the instrument. Increase separation separation between the instrument instrument and possible sources of electromagnetic wave interference. Increase separation separation between the power power cable cable of the instrument and possible sources of electromagnetic electromagnetic wave interference. Connect the instrument to an outlet on a circuit circuit different different from that to which possible sources of electromagnetic wave interference are connected. Confirm that any other device device connected connected with with the instrument is not affected by electromagnetic wave interference.
WARRANTY ON PRODUCT The Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer is warranted to operate according to the specifications given in the instruction manual, provided it is used in accordance with the instructions described in the manual. (1)
Scope of Warranty The instrument will be repaired without charge if it malfunctions due to a defect in workmanship during the warranty period. Note that a substitute part may be used for repair, or replacement with an equivalent product may be made instead of repair. Such system components as a personal computer and printer to be updated frequently for improvement improvement may not be available in original versions at the time of replacement. The instrument which was discarded or resold without consulting Hitachi High-Technologies High-Technologies Corporation, consumables consumables and parts having a limited period of guarantee are excluded from this warranty.
(2)
Warranty Period One year from the date of initial installation
(3)
Limitations and Exclusions on Warranty Note that this warranty is void in the f ollowing cases even during the warranty period.
IMPORTANT - 2
(a) Failure due due to operation at a place not not meeting meeting the installation requirements specified by Hitachi HighTechnologies Corporation (b) Failure due to power supply supply voltage/frequen voltage/frequency cy other than specified by Hitachi High-Technologies High-Technologies Corporation or due to abnormality in power supply (c) Corrosion or deterioration deterioration of the tubing due to impurities contained in reagent, gas, air or cooling water supplied by the user (d) Corrosion of the electric circuits circuits or deterioration of the optical elements due to highly corrosive atmospheric gas (e) Failure due due to use of hardware, hardware, software or spare parts other than supplied by Hitachi High-Technologies High-Technologies Corporation (f) Failure due to improper handling or maintenance by the user (g) Failure due due to maintenance or repair repair by a service agent not approved or authorized by Hitachi HighTechnologies Corporation (h) Failure due due to relocation or transport transport after initial installation (i) Failure due to disassembly, modification or relocation not approved by Hitachi High-Technologies High-Technologies Corporation (j) Failure due to acts of God, including fire, earthquake, storm, flood, lightning, social disturbance, riot, crime, insurrection, war (declared or undeclared), undeclared), radioactive pollution, contamination with harmful substances, etc. (k) Failure due to computer virus infection HITACHI MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, EXCEPT AS PROVIDED HEREIN, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THEREOF, WARRANTIES AS TO MARKETABILITY, MARKETABILITY, MERCHANTABILITY, MERCHANTABILITY, FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, OR AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL HITACHI BE LIABLE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INCIDENTAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIA CONSEQUENTIAL L DAMAGES OF ANY NATURE, OR LOSSES OR EXPENSES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECTIVE PRODUCT OR THE USE OF ANY PRODUCT. NO ORAL OR WRITTEN INFORMATION INFORMATIO N OR ADVICE GIVEN BY BY HITACHI, ITS DEALERS, DEALERS, DISTRIBUTORS, DISTRIBUTORS, AGENTS OR EMPLOYEES EMPLOYEES SHALL CREATE A WARRANTY WARRANTY OR IN ANY WAY INCREASE THE SCOPE OF THIS WARRANTY.
IMPORTANT - 3
Hitachi assumes no liability for damage to data or application software due to failure of this instrument. (4)
Written Guarantee The written guarantee on this instrument shall not be reissued. Keep it in a safe place.
INSTALLATION, RELOCATION AND AFTER-SALE TECHNICAL SERVICE Installation of this instrument shall be carried out by or under supervision of qualified service personnel of Hitachi HighTechnologies Technologies Corporation or its authorized service agent. Before installation of the instrument, the user shall make preparations for satisfying the installation requirements requirements in accordance with the instruction manual. If relocation of the instrument becomes necessary after initial installation (delivery), please notify your local sales representative or nearest service office of Hitachi HighTechnologies Technologies Corporation.
DISPOSAL OF THIS INSTRUMENT When disposing of this instrument, make sure to check the latest issues of the relevant laws and regulations or consult your local Hitachi High-Technologies High-Technologies Corporation service office.
TECHNICAL SEMINARS AND TRAINING COURSES FOR USERS Hitachi High-Technologies High-Technologies Corporation offers technical seminars and training courses at its own facilities or at the user’s site and facilities to ensure proper and safe operations of the analytical instrument to its full performance. For further information, contact your sales representative. (Applicants will be charged.)
IMPORTANT - 4
OTHER PRECAUTIONS 1.
2.
3.
Handling of Chemicals and Samples (1)
The user is responsible for following relevant legal standards and regulations in handling, storage and discarding of chemicals and samples used in analytical operations of this instrument.
(2)
Reagents, standard solutions and accuracy-control samples shall be handled, stored and discarded as instructed by the respective suppliers.
Notice on Instruction Manuals (1)
Information contained in the instruction manuals furnished with the instrument is subject to change without notice for product improvement.
(2)
This manual is copyrighted by Hitachi High-Technologies High-Technologies Corporation with all rights reserved.
(3)
No part part of this manual manual may be reproduced reproduced or transmitted transmitted in any form or by any means without the express written permission of Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation.
Trademark Acknowledgments Microsoft® Windows® XP operating system, Microsoft® Excel and Microsoft® Word are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation, Corporation, USA.
IMPORTANT - 5
SAFETY SUMMARY PRECAUTIONS ON SAFETY Before using the Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer, be sure to read the following safety instructions carefully.
General Safety Guidelines • •
•
•
Follow all the operating operating procedures procedures provided provided in this manual. manual. Installation and maintenance maintenance of the product shall shall be carried out by service personnel qualified therefor. Be sure to observe the warnings warnings indicated indicated on the product product and in the instruction manual. Failure to do so could could result result in personal injury or damage to the product. The hazard warnings which appear on the warning labels on the product or in the manual have one of the following alert headings consisting of an alert symbol and signal word DANGER, WARNING or CAUTION. DANGER
: Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. (This warning does not apply to this product.) WARNING : Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, can result in death or serious injury. CAUTION : Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will or can result in minor or moderate injury, or serious damage to the product. : Precedes every signal word for hazard hazard warnings, and appears in safety-related descriptions in the manual.
“NOTICE” and “NOTE” are heading words which do not concern personal safety directly.
SAFETY - 1
SAFETY SUMMARY General Safety Guidelines (Continued) NOTICE : NOTICE : NOTE
•
•
•
•
•
:
Used to indicate an instruction for preventing damage to the product. Used to indicate an instruction for ensuring correct use of the product and accurate analysis therewith.
Do not modify the product, replace replace parts parts that are not not user-serviceable, user-serviceable, use non-specified parts, nor remove safety devices, as it could be hazardous. Installation at delivery, delivery, maintenance maintenance and relocation relocation should be referred to service personnel qualified by Hitachi. Do not perform any operation or action other than described in the the instruction instruction manual. When in doubt, please contact your local Hitachi sales representative or nearest Hitachi service office. When using using a chemical chemical for analytical operation, be sure to provide proper ventilation in the laboratory room as per local requirements. Inadequate ventilation could endanger human health. Keep in mind that the hazard hazard warnings warnings in the manual or or on the product cannot cover every possible case, as it is impossible to predict and evaluate all circumstances beforehand. Be alert and use your common sense.
SAFETY - 2
SAFETY SUMMARY This instruction manual contains the following cautionary instructions.
WARNING
CAUTION
Electric shock upon contact with hazardous voltage (500 V) Contact with the D2 lamp power supply voltage (500 V) may cause an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury. Before replacing the D 2 lamp, make sure that the POWER switch of the spectrophotometer main unit is turned OFF. (Section 5) •
Electric shock upon contact with hazardous voltage (100 V) Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may also cause an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury. Before connecting the power cord, make sure that the POWER switch of the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer main unit is turned OFF. (Section 1)
•
Burns upon contact with high temperature The D2 and WI lamps reach a high temperature and can burn you if touched. Before replacing or adjusting the lamp, turn off the POWER switch and wait until the lamp cools down sufficiently. (Section 5)
•
Fatigue due to long use Operation while watching the display in the same posture for long hours may cause fatigue to accumulate in your eyes and/or body. During long use, it is recommended recommended to take a 10 to 15-minute break every hour for health reasons.
SAFETY - 3
SAFETY SUMMARY REMARKS ON SAFETY OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER (1)
Electricity (a) Make sure that that the power supply to the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer is 100 V AC, 1 kVA or more (50 or 60 Hz). Hz). Fluctuation in voltage voltage or noise noise on the power power line would not only affect the spectrophotometer main unit adversely but also cause an accident. (b) Be sure to provide grounding connection along with power connection. Make sure that the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer is grounded at a grounding resistance of 100 Ω or less. If grounding is improper, the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer is easily affected by external noise and floating voltage generated in it endangers physical safety. (c) High-voltage circuits are used inside the spectrophotometer. spectrophotometer. Do not open covers during operation unless absolutely necessary.
(2)
Flame Avoid smoking or using a flame near near the spectrophotometer.
(3)
Data Backup Data may become unusable due to instrument failure or malfunction. It is recommended to transfer data on the hard disk t o a floppy disk periodically. The transfer of data data is called called backup. To avoid malfunction, always reserve a free space of 100 MB or so on the hard disk as a working area for application software.
SAFETY - 4
SAFETY SUMMARY (4)
Computer Virus If programs or data is suddenly destroyed, if an unexpected operation takes place or if an abnormal display appears on the screen, your personal computer may have been infiltrated by a computer virus. The computer computer virus is a rogue program that secretly invades a personal computer and operates it willfully while destroying memorized data. A program for eliminating eliminating the virus virus is called a vaccine vaccine program. Possible causes of virus infection are: • Downloading a virus-laden program through communication floppy disk disk or other exchangeable exchangeable storage storage • Using a floppy medium infected by a virus. also that that a virus is transmitted transmitted from from one one personal personal • Note also computer to another via communication or storage medium. So avoid using a program or storage medium that is suspected of containing a virus. out check using a vaccine vaccine program program if there is a • Carry out possibility of virus infection. Note, however, that some kinds of vaccine programs cannot eradicate particular viruses. In such a case case be sure to make make a backup of hard disk files beforehand. requested to prepare a vaccine vaccine program program and • The user is requested carry out virus elimination on his or her own responsibility.
(5)
Power Failure On occurrence of power failure or momentary power voltage drop due to lightning, the personal computer used with the instrument may become faulty or the system software, application software or data may be damaged. For protection against momentary power voltage drop, it is recommended to use an AC uninterruptible power supply unit.
SAFETY - 5
SAFETY SUMMARY (6)
Personal Computer If the personal computer is powered off during access to the hard disk or floppy disk, the personal computer may become faulty or the data or software stored in it may be destroyed. To power power off off the personal computer, be sure sure to terminate the spectrophotometer control and data processing program (US Solutions program) and then take the shutdown procedure through the system software.
SAFETY - 6
SAFETY SUMMARY Warning Labels The warning labels shown below are attached to the Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometer. (1)
Dangerous Voltage (500 V)
High voltag voltage: e: 500V Can cause fatal or serious injury. Before removing light source cover, turn power switch off, Never release safety mechanism inadvertently.
Light source compartment compartment
(2)
Dangerous Voltage (100 V)
High voltag voltage: e: 100V Can cause fatal or serious injury. Before removing light source cover, turn power switch off, Never release safety mechanism inadvertently.
Side of spectrophotometer main unit
(3)
High Temperature
High temperatur temperature e can cause burns. Light source lamp and lamp chamber remain hot for a while even after Power-off. Before lamp replacement, turn power off and wait at least 20 minutes. 134-1973
Light source compartment
SAFETY - 7
CONTENTS PREFACE .......................... ............................ ............................. ............................ ............ 1 ABOUT THIS MANUAL .......................... ............................ ............................. ................... 1 IMPORTANT .................................................................................................IMPORTANT-1 PRECAUTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE INTERFERENCE ...................................IMPORTANT-1 1. Possible Electromagnetic Electromagnetic Wave Interference Caused Caused by This Instrument....... IMPORTANT-1 2. Possible Electromagnetic Electromagnetic Wave Interference Affecting This Instrument..........IMPORTANT-1 WARRANTY ON PRODUCT.............................IMPORTANT-2 PRODUCT.............................IMPORTANT-2 INSTALLATION, RELOCATION AND AFTER-SALE TECHNICAL SERVICE .............IMPORTANT-4 DISPOSAL OF THIS INSTRUMENT.................IMPORTANT-4 INSTRUMENT.................IMPORTANT-4 TECHNICAL SEMINARS AND TRAINING COURSES FOR USERS ...................................IMPORTANT-4 OTHER PRECAUTIONS...................................IMPORTANT-5 PRECAUTIONS ...................................IMPORTANT-5 1. Handling of Chemicals Chemicals and Samples............ Samples ............ IMPORTANT-5 2. Notice on on Instruction Manuals....................... IMPORTANT-5 3. Trademark Acknowledgm Acknowledgments ents ......................IMPORTANT-5 SAFETY SUMMARY .....................................................................................SAFETY-1 PRECAUTIONS ON SAFETY..................................SAFETY-1 General Safety Guidelines.................................SAFETY-1 REMARKS ON SAFETY OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER ......................................SAFETY-4 (1) Electricity.......................................................SAFETY-4 (2) Flame ............................. .............................. . SAFETY-4 (3) Data Backup .......................... ....................... SAFETY-4 (4) Computer Virus ............................... .............. SAFETY-5 (5) Power Failure....................................... Failure......... .............................. ......... SAFETY-5 (6) Personal Computer .............................. ......... SAFETY-6 Warning Labels..................................................SAFETY-7
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1.
INSTALLATION (reference information for user)................................................. user)................................................. 1-1 1.1 Unpacking ............................................................... 1-1 1.2 Power Requirements.............................................. Requirements.............................................. 1-2 1.2.1 Power Supply Voltage.................................. 1-2 1.2.2 Frequency.......................... Frequency .......................... .......................... 1-2 1.2.3 Power Capacity................... ......................... 1-2 1.2.4 Grounding Line ........................ .................... 1-2 1.3 Installation Conditions........................................... Conditions........................................... 1-3 1.3.1 Installation Area ........................... ................ 1-3 1.3.2 Withstanding Load ......................... .............. 1-3 1.3.3 Environmental Conditions........................... Conditions ........................... . 1-3 1.4 Check of Contents.................................................. Contents.................................................. 1-5 1.5 Assembly ................................................................ Assembly ................................................................ 1-5 1.6 Connection of Cords.............................................. Cords .............................................. 1-6 1.7 Confirmation of Voltage and Fuse........................ Fuse........................ 1-7 1.8 Connection of Power Cord and Grounding Wire ...................................................... 1-9 1.9 Connection of Printer ............................................. ............................................. 1-10 1.10 Checkup after Installation and Assembly ............ 1-10 1.11 Turning On Power .................................................. Power .................................................. 1-11 1.12 Installation of UV Solutions Program................... Program................... 1-11 1.13 Shutdown of Instrument........................................ Instrument ........................................ 1-12
2.
FUNCTION ............................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Instrument Configuration ...................................... 2-1 2.2 Name and Function of Each Part .......................... 2-2 2.3 Application.............................................................. Application .............................................................. 2-4 2.4 Operating Principle ................................................ 2-6 2.4.1 Optical System.......... ............................ ....... 2-6 2.4.2 Signal Processing and Control System........ 2-6 2.5 Proper Use of Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer ........................ ........................ 2-8 2.5.1 Selection of Solvent ............................ ......... 2-8 2.5.2 Special Samples .......................... ................ 2-8 2.6 Measurement Measurement Function .......................................... 2-9 2.6.1 Measurement Measurement Mode ........................... .......... 2-9 2.6.2 Quantitative Calculation............................... Calculation.... ........................... 2-9 2.6.3 Wavelength Scan.................................... Scan........ ............................ ..... 2-10 2.6.4 Time Scan.................................... Scan........ ............................ ................ 2-10 2.6.5 Secondary Data Processing ........................ 2-10 2.6.6 Baseline Correction...................................... 2-11 2.6.7 Automatic Calibration and Self-diagnosis Self-diagnosis .... 2-11 2.7 Specifications ......................................................... 2-12
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3.
INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION ................................................................................ CALIBRATION ................................................................................ 3-1 3.1 Introduction ............................................................ Introduction ............................................................ 3-1 3.2 Zero %T Measurement ........................................... 3-2 3.3 Wavelength Calibration ......................................... Calibration ......................................... 3-2 3.4 System Baseline Measurement ............................. 3-3
4.
MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION ....................................................................... INSPECTION ....................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Introduction ............................................................ Introduction ............................................................ 4-1 4.2 Self-diagnosis and Automatic Adjustment.......... Adjustment .......... 4-1 4.3 Check of Specified Performance .......................... 4-1 4.3.1 Wavelength Accuracy ........................ .......... 4-1 4.3.2 Spectrum Band Width ........................ .......... 4-4 4.3.3 Baseline Flatness................................... ...... 4-4 4.4 Periodical Maintenance ......................................... Maintenance ......................................... 4-7 4.4.1 Cleaning of Sample Compartment Compartment ............... 4-7 4.4.2 Cleaning of Sample Compartment Window Plate ........................... .................... 4-9 4.5 Check of Lamp ON Time........................................ Time ........................................ 4-10 4.6 Storage .................................................................... 4-11 4.6.1 After Completion of Measurement Measurement ............... 4-11 4.6.2 When Unused for a Long Time .................... 4-11 4.7 Troubleshooting Table........................................... Table........................................... 4-12
5.
REPLACEMENT PARTS ......................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Introduction ............................................................ Introduction ............................................................ 5-1 5.2 Consumables and Spare Parts.............................. Parts.............................. 5-1 5.3 Replacement of Light Source Lamp ..................... 5-2
INDEX......................................................................................................................INDEX-1 INDEX......................................................................................................................INDEX-1
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1.1
1. INSTALLATION (reference information for user) The instrument is installed by service personnel qualified by Hitachi. The following description is included as reference information for the user (reference information on system configuration, etc.).
1.1
Unpacking Unpack the shipping crate, carefully take out the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer and place it on a table. Take utmost care when taking out the instrument. Figure 1-1 shows the Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer. The figure is applicable to other models as well. Data processing unit
Fig. 1-1
NOTICE: NOTICE:
Spectrophotometer main unit
Mode U-2810 Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer
The light source switching mirror is fastened with a sponge during transport. Before use, detach the light source cover and remove the sponge.
1-1
1.2
Power Requirements
1.2 1.2.1
Power Requirements Power Supply Voltage
Rated voltage:
100, 115, 220, 230 or 240 V AC Allowable fluctuation fluctuation is within ±10% ±10% of the rated voltage.
1.2.2 Frequency
Rated frequency:
50 or 60 Hz Allowable fluctuation fluctuation is within ±0.5 ±0.5 Hz of the rated frequency.
1.2.3
Power Capacity
200 VA or more (excluding power for computer and printer) For use with a personal computer, printer and other peripheral devices, it is recommended to provide a power capacity of 500 VA or more.
1.2.4
Grounding Line
Grounding resistance:
1-2
100 Ω or less
1.3.1
1.3 1.3.1
Installation Conditions Installation Area
Footprint:
1120 (W) mm × 760 (D) mm or more
0 5
0 6 7
Personal computer (CPU)
0 4 4
0 7 1 0 0 1
Spectrophotometer
5 7 5
Keyboard
470
50
505
50
1120
Fig. 1-2
1.3.2
Withstanding Load
1.3.3 Environmental Conditions
Installation Area
Select a level surface capable of withstanding a weight of 29.0 kg or more. (1)
Operating Temperature:
5 to 35 °C
For measurement under the most stable conditions, it is recommended recommended to install the instrument in a room which is air-conditioned air-conditioned at 20 to 25 °C. (2)
Operating Humidity:
(3)
Storage Temperature:
(4)
Atmosphere •
•
45 to 85% -20 to 70 °C
The installation installation room should should be be free from the following. Acidic, alkaline alkaline and other gases gases which may corrode corrode metals significantly Gaseous organic solvents (particularly benzene and thinner) which may dissolve paint
1-3
1.3
Installation Conditions
(5)
Other General Precautions (a) The instrument instrument should should not be exposed exposed to direct sunlight. Avoid a position near a window. (b) The instrument instrument should should be free from noticeable vibration or shock. (c) There should should be no heat source such such as a gas burner, electric heater, oven, etc. near the instrument to prevent the main unit cover being heated (to 70 °C or more). (d) The instrument instrument should should not be located located near near a device producing a strong electric/magnetic electric/magnetic field (electric welding machine, high-frequency electric furnace or pole transformer for example). (e) The installation installation site should be be free from excessive excessive dust. (f)
The instrument should be free from abrupt variation in power supply voltage.
(g) Avoid frequently frequently turning on/off on/off an electric motor motor not provided with a noise suppressor (of a stirrer, vibrator, etc.) on the power line connected with the spectrophotometer. NOTICE: NOTICE:
The optical system is very delicate. The control unit incorporates parts constructing a high-density electronic circuit which functions as a computer. So careful consideration should be given to the above items.
1-4
1.4
1.4
Check of Contents Upon completion of unpacking, check the contents against t he packing list. If any part is missing or damaged, damaged, or or if you have have a question, then contact your local Hitachi sales representative.
1.5
Assembly
WARNING Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may cause an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury. Do not connect the power cord to the outlet until t he assembly work is finished.
The light source switching mirror in the light source compartment is fastened with a sponge to prevent it from moving during transport. Remove the sponge in the following procedure. (1)
Detach the light source cover.
(2)
Remove the sponge.
(3)
Attach the light source cover.
1-5
1.6
1.6
Connection of Cords
Connection of Cords Connect cords as in Fig. 1-3.
WARNING Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may cause an electric shock, resulting resulting in fatal or serious serious injury. injury. Make sure the power switch is OFF before the cable connection, and connect the power cord last.
To AC power supply
Communication cable
Printer cable
COM 1
Printer Printer
RS-232C Spectrophotometer main unit
Fig. 1-3
1-6
PC
Connection of Cords
1.7
1.7
Confirmation of Voltage and Fuse
WARNING Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may cause an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury. Before checking the voltage and fuse, make sure the power cord is disconnected.
Confirm the power supply voltage and the usable voltage of the spectrophotometer, spectrophotometer, which is indicated near its power plug. NOTICE: NOTICE:
When 100 or 115 V is indicated, the instrument is unusable on a 200 V power line. Voltage changeover is required inside the spectrophotometer. spectrophotometer. The same is true for use on a 100 V power line when a 200 V line is indicated.
Fuse holder
Fig. 1-4
1-7
Power Unit (U-2810)
1.7
Confirmation Confirmati on of Voltage and Fuse
•
Confirmation of Fuse Make sure that the capacity of the fuse f use meets the line voltage to be used. Table 1-1
Model U-2810
Voltage
Fuse Capacity
100 V line (100, 115 V) 200 V line (220, 230, 240 V)
3.15 A (time lag)
1-8
Part No. J821336
1.8
1.8
Connection of Power Cord and Grounding Wire
WARNING Contact with the power supply voltage (100 V) may cause an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury. Make sure the power switch is OFF, and connect the power cord of the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer main unit after all other connections.
(1)
Plug the power power cord cord securely securely into the connector connector of the main unit.
(2)
When using a plug plug adapter adapter or table table tap, securely connect its grounding wire to the grounding terminal.
Power outlet
Grounding terminal Spectrophotometer Grounding resistance: 100 Ω or less Grounding wire (green) Underground 75 cm or more underground
Power cord m m 0 0 3
Copper plate 10 mm 2 mm
COMMON W
COMMON (WHITE)
HOT S
GROUND (GREEN)
GROUND
HOT (BLACK)
HOT S
Fig. 1-5
COMMON GROUND
Grounding Connection 1-9
1.9
1.9
Connection of Printer
Connection of Printer Use a printer which is compatible with the Windows XP. Printer connection differs depending on the model of printer. Connect the printer with reference to the instruction manual furnished with it. NOTE: NOTE: The printer and printer printer cable should be prepared separately.
1.10
Checkup after Installation and Assembly Upon completion of installation and assembly, check the following items. (1)
Check if the installation site is normal.
(2)
Check if the sponge for transport transport is removed from the light source switching lever.
(3)
Check if the power supply voltage is confirmed confirmed and set properly.
(4)
Check if the power cord is connected properly. Check if the grounding wire is connected as specified.
(5)
Check if the the connection connection cord is properly properly connected between the spectrophotometer main unit and data processing unit.
(6)
Check if the the printer printer is installed and connected properly.
(7)
Check if there is any any obstacle obstacle which which cuts cuts off the light light beam beam in the sample compartment of the t he spectrophotometer. Check if there is any other abnormality in the sample compartment.
1 - 10
1.11
1.11
Turning On Power Turn on the power supply in the following procedure.
1.12
(1)
Turn on the power switch of the printer.
(2)
Turn on the power switch of the the spectrophotomete spectrophotometerr main main unit.
(3)
Turn on the power power switch of the LCD monitor.
(4)
Turn on the power switch of the the personal personal computer.
Installation of UV Solutions Program Refer to Section 1 in the operation manual.
1 - 11
1.13
1.13
Shutdown of Instrument
Shutdown of Instrument Upon completion of measurement, shut down the instrument in the following procedure. (1)
From the File menu, select the Exit command.
Fig. 1-6
Select Yes Select Yes,, and the UV Solutions program will then be terminated. (2)
Turn off the the POWER POWER switch of the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer main main unit.
(3)
Click the Start button Start button of the Windows XP, and select “Shut Down Windows.” In the the Shut Shut Down Down Windows dialog box, select “Shut down the computer?” and click Yes click Yes..
(4)
Power off the personal computer and CRT monitor. (At step (3), the personal computer may be turned off in some settings.)
(5)
Power off the printer.
1 - 12
2.1
2. 2.1
FUNCTION
Instrument Configuration This instrument consists of the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer main unit and data processing unit. Figure 2-1 shows the appearance of the instrument .
Data processing unit (personal computer)
Fig. 2-1
Spectrophotometer main unit
Appearance of Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer
2-1
2.2
2.2
Name and Function of Each Part
Name and Function of Each Part The spectrophotometer main unit is composed of the light source, monochromator, monochromator, sample compartment, detector, mechanical system and electrical system for control. Figures 2-2 through 2-4 show the name and function of each part. (1) Sample compartment
(2) RUN lamp
Fig. 2-2 Appearance of Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer Main Unit
(1) Sample Compartment In this compartment, set a sample to be measured. In the standard configuration, configuration, 10 mm rectangular cell holders are prepared. A solvent solvent should should be set set at the reference reference side (rectangular cell holder at the rear) and a sample to be measured at the sample side (rectangular cell holder at the front) normally. (2)
RUN Lamp Indicates whether the computer incorporated in the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer main unit is running normally or not. Under the condition that the internal computer is normal, this lamp comes on a few seconds after the POWER switch is turned on and remains on until it is turned off. If the lamp turns off or blinks, it means occurrence of an abnormality in the internal computer. In this case, turn the POWER switch off and and then on again. If the lamp remains off or blinking, take a proper countermeasure referring to 4.7.
2-2
2.2
(4) PC connector
(3) ACC connector
Left side of main unit (toward front)
Fig. 2-3 Left Side of Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer Main Unit
(3)
ACC connector (I/O) Used for input/output of signals for control of the auto sampler (separately available) or any other external device.
(4)
PC connector (RS-232C) Used for communication with the personal computer.
Main unit left side (toward rear)
(5) POWER switch
Fig. 2-4
(5)
POWER switch Power switch of the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer main unit. Power is supplied by turning on this switch.
2-3
2.3 Application
2.3
Application The spectrophotometer is utilized for absorption analysis of liquid, solid and gaseous samples in the ultraviolet-visible region. Figure 2-5 shows the scheme of Bouguer-Beer’s Bouguer-Beer’s law. In this scheme, a monochromatic monochromatic beam with intensity I0 travels through a liquid phase having concentration c and optical path length l, which results in the intensity of monochromatic monochromatic beam decreasing to I t. With respect to the initial intensity I 0 and attenuated intensity I t of monochromatic monochromatic beam, the following equation (1) can be set up. It/I0 = 10-
c l
ε⋅ ⋅
= t .......................... ........................(1)
where, ε is a constant known as absorptivity, which varies according to the sample. Equation (1) represents the Bouguer-Beer’s law, and t indicates a transmittance which is often expressed as t × 100 = T (%T). Also, the common logarithm of inverse inverse transmittance can can be expressed as follows: Log (1/t) = ε⋅c⋅l = E............................................(2) where, E is called absorbance (Abs). Absorbance E is is proportional to concentration concentration c and is a unit of measurement measurement indispensable indispensable for quantitative analysis. With this spectrophotometer, spectrophotometer, transmittance mode and absorbance mode are available. It is advisable for the first-time user of the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer to read through the JIS K 0015 Absorptiometric Analysis Procedural Standards (1973).
2-4
2.3
Optical path length l
Transparent Transparent cell
Liquid l0
lt
Concentration c
Fig. 2-5
2-5
Bouguer-Beer’s Law
Monochromatic beam
2.4
Operating Principle
2.4 2.4.1
2.4.2
Operating Principle Optical System
Signal Processing and Control System
Figure 2-6 shows the optical system of the Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer. The white light emitted from the light source is fed to the SeyaNamioka mount monochromator utilizing a concave diffraction grating (with a grating constant of 1/600 mm, a blaze wavelength of 250 nm and a diffraction area of 20 mm × 25 mm), where it is transformed into a monochromatic monochromatic beam. The beam sent from the monochromator passes through the filter, is reflected by the toroidal mirror, and is then separated into reference beam and sample beam by the grating mirror. The two beams which have passed through the sample compartment are focused by lenses and irradiated into the detectors, where they are converted into electric signals. This optical system has the following features. (1)
The Seya-Namioka Seya-Namioka mount optical system utilizing Hitachi’s reputable concave diffraction grating realizes a monochromator monochromator featuring a high energy efficiency and a low stray light level.
(2)
The beam beam is is separated separated by using using a grating mirror rather than a rotating mirror like in the conventional double beam spectrophotometer. spectrophotometer. This structure serves to eliminate the moving parts, thus realizing a stable and reliable monochromator.
(3)
The optical systems at the sample beam and reference beam sides are absolutely the same, thus t hus enabling acquisition of stable data.
The electric signal converted from an optical signal is amplified, A/D-converted and and then LOG- converted converted with software software to provide absorbance data. The result result of of measurement measurement is output output to the monitor and printer (see Fig. 2-7).
2-6
2.4.2
Toroidal diffraction grating
D2 lamp
Exit slit
Condensing mirror
Entrance slit WI lamp
Filter
Plane mirror
Detector 2 Reference side
Half mirror
Toroidal mirror Detector 1
Plane mirror
Sample side
Monochromator
Lens 1
Sample compartment
Fig. 2-6
Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer Main Unit
Monochromator/ mechanism
Lens 2
Optical System
Detector
Reference beam
Log amplifier Amplifier
Sample beam
Signal Processing and Control Unit MPU
A/D converter (16 bits)
l/O, l/F
Bus line
RAM
External I/F
ROM
l/O, l/F
RS-232C
Battery Input/Output Devices
Printer
Fig. 2-7
Computer
Optional accessory (auto sipper for example)
Signal Processing and Control System
2-7
2.5
Proper Use of Spectrophotometer Spectrophotome ter
2.5 2.5.1
Proper Use of Spectrophotometer When selecting a solvent for sample preparation, keep the following requirements in mind. • Small absorption in measurement wavelength range • Non-interactive with solute • Low volatility
Selection of Solvent
Table 2-1 lists the applicable wavelength wavelength ranges of common organic solvents. Table 2-1 Applicable Wavelength Ranges (indicated by solid lines) Wavelength Solvent
200 nm
Cyclohexane
200 nm
Ethyl alcohol
220 nm
Methyl alcohol
220 nm
Ethyl ether
220 nm
Dioxane
220 nm
Hexane
220 nm
Chloroform
250 nm
Isopropyl alcohol
250 nm
Ethyl acetate
270 nm
Carbon te tetra trachloride
275 nm
Benzene
280 nm 335 nm
Methyl ethyl ketone
340 nm
Acetone
380 nm
Carbon disulfide
Special Samples
400 nm
250 nm
Acetic acid
2.5.2
300 nm
Note that equations (1) and (2) in 2.3 are not applicable to the following special samples. • Fluorescing sample • Appreciably turbid sample In measurement of a solid sample such as glass plate, the energy of beam radiation undergoes a loss due to reflection on the surface of solid solid substance. In this this case, case, the the following following equation is set up. It/I0 = 10-
cl
ε⋅ ⋅
- r....................................................(3)
where, r varies according to the substance. 2-8
2.6.1
2.6
Measurement Function
2.6.1 Measurement Mode
With the UV Solutions program, the following measurement measurement modes are available. • Quantitative calculation • Wavelength scan • Time scan
2.6.2 Quantitative Calculation
The spectrophotometer has a function to prepare a calibration curve and calculate the concentration. (1)
Preparation of Calibration Curve (a) Up to 20 standards can be measured. A calibration curve is prepared by connecting the obtained values with polygonal lines, or a regression line is prepared using least-squares calculation. It is is also possible to measure each standard up to 20 times and prepare a calibration curve based on the obtained average values. (b) A calibration calibration curve can be redrawn by remeasuring remeasuring a particular standard. (c) It is possible to display display a calibration curve on on the screen and read out a value of each point using the cursor. (d) A calibration calibration curve curve can be output output to the printer. printer. (e) A calibration calibration curve can be drawn by entering its factor value. (f)
The result of measurement measurement and a calibration calibration curve are displayed on the same screen. It is therefore possible to carry out measurement measurement while observing the calibration curve.
(g) According to the coefficient of determination determination calculated automatically, judgment judgment can be made on the degree of matching between standard values and a calibration curve. (h) It is possible possible to prepare prepare a calibration curve by using two/three-wavelength two/three-wavelength calculation.
2-9
2.6
Measurement Function
(2)
Statistic Calculation Mean value, standard deviation (SD)
(3)
2.6.3
2.6.4
Judgment of Upper and Lower Limits
of 10 to 3600 3600 nm/min. Wavelength Scan (1) The scan speed is settable in a range of
Time Scan
(2)
Photometric values can be printed out at intervals intervals of a specified wavelength.
(3)
%T, Abs, Abs, E (S), E (R) data data modes modes are are available available for measurement.
(1)
Photometric values are printed out at at intervals intervals of a specified specified period.
(2)
The result of rate calculation is displayed/printed. displayed/printed.
(3) The measurement measurement time is settable in a range range of 60 to 99999.
2.6.5
Secondary Data Processing
Measurement Measurement result data can be saved, and a variety of processings can be carried out on saved data. • Automatic reading of data The cursor is indicated on the currently displayed spectrum. The photometric value at the cursor position can be read out. • Peak detection The peak and valley of the currently displayed spectrum are detected automatically. automatically. • Rescaling A measured spectrum spectrum can be enlarged enlarged or reduced by changing the ordinate and abscissa scales. • Smoothing A measured spectrum spectrum can be smoothed smoothed for elimination elimination of noise components. • Derivative Spectral derivative can be performed. It is allowable to specify the derivative order, smoothing order and number of data.
2 - 10
2.6.6
•
•
•
Spectrum calculation Fundamental arithmetic operations operations can be made on spectra, and multiplication can be performed using a multiple of a coefficient of displayed spectrum. File conversion Data can be converted into the ASCII text file or JCAMP-DX file. Display/print font The font, style and size of characters to be displayed/printed can be changed as desired.
2.6.6 Baseline Correction
The baseline is saved in backup RAM of the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer main unit, and thus is not erased even when the power is turned off. • System baseline • User baseline
2.6.7 Automatic Calibration and Self-diagnosis
The spectrophotometer is provided with the following calibration and self-diagnosis functions. • Memory (ROM/RAM) check • Wavelength drive mechanism check • Lamp ON check • Automatic wavelength calibration function The wavelength is automatically calibrated with reference to the bright line of the D2 lamp.
2 - 11
2.7 Specifications
2.7
Specifications Table 2-2 shows the specifications of the Model U-2810.
Table 2-2
Specifications of Model U-2810
Monochromator Monochromator
Hitachi high-resolution high-resolution concave diffraction grating Seya-Namioka mount, double beam
Wavelength range
190 to 1100 nm
Spectral bandpass
2 nm
Stray light
0.05% or less (220 nm for NaI, 340 nm for NaNO 2)
Wavelength accuracy
±0.3 nm
Wavelength setting reproducibility
±0.1 nm
Measurement mode
Abs, %T, E (S), E (R)
Photometric range
Abs : %T :
Photometric accuracy (checked with NIST 930)
±0.002 Abs (0 to 0.5 Abs) ±0.004 Abs (0.5 to 1.0 Abs) ±0.008 Abs (1.0 to 2.0 Abs) ±0.3%T
Photometric reproducibility reproducibility
±0.001 Abs (0 to 0.5 Abs) ±0.002 Abs (0.5 to 1.0 Abs) ±0.004 Abs (1.0 to 2.0 Abs) ±0.1%T
Baseline flatness
±0.002 Abs (200 to 950 nm)
Baseline stability
Within 0.0003 Abs/hr (2 hours after power on)
Noise level
Within 0.0003 Abs (Abs = 0, 500 nm)
Response
Fast, medium, slow
Scan speed
10, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1200, 2400, 3600 nm/min
Light source
Deuterium lamp, tungsten iodide lamp
Light source switching
Automatic switching linked with wavelength Switching wavelength: wavelength: Optionally selectable selectable in a range of 325 to 370 nm
Sample compartment compartment
Beam spacing: 100 mm 120 (W) × 300 (D) × 140 (H) mm
Detector
Silicon photodiode
Dimensions (spectrophotometer (spectrophotometer main unit)
505 (W) × 575 (D) × 225 (H) mm
Weight
29 kg
Power source
100/115/220/230/240 100/115/220/2 30/240 V, 50/60 Hz
Power consumption consumpti on
200 VA
2 - 12
-2 to 3 Abs 0 to 300%T
3.1
3. 3.1
INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION
Introduction This section describes how to calibrate the instrument. 0%T measurement is intended for calibration in the ordinate direction. Wavelength calibration calibration is intended for calibration in the abscissa direction. Zero %T measurement must be carried out in the following cases. For accurate measurement measurement of a sample high high in absorbance (low in transmittance) When an error message message “Calibrate!” “Calibrate!” appears appears as shown shown in Fig. 3-1 •
•
Error message
Fig. 3-1
NOTICE: NOTICE:
Before carrying out instrument calibration, wait until the spectrophotometer is fully stabilized (at least 2 hours after turning on power). Conduct instrument calibration in the order of zero %T measurement, measurement, wavelength calibration and baseline measurement (system).
3-1
3.2
3.2
Zero %T Measurement
Zero %T Measurement This is a function for correcting the 0%T line. For zero %T measurement, measurement, take the following procedure. From the Spectrophotometer menu, click the Zero %T command.
Fig. 3-2
3.3
Wavelength Calibration For wavelength calibration, use the bright line (656.1 nm) of the D2 lamp (light source lamp). Make sure that there is nothing in the sample compartment, and securely close the sample sample compartment lid. After that, that, click the Calibrate Wavelength command from the Spectrophotometer menu. Wavelength calibration is then carried out automatically.
3-2
3.4
3.4
System Baseline Measurement The system baseline can be memorized in the following procedure. (1)
Make sure that that there is nothing nothing at at the sample side and reference side of the cell holder. Then, click click the Record Baseline command from the Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer menu. The window shown in Fig. 3-3 then appears.
Fig. 3-3
(2)
Record Baseline
Select “System” and click the OK button. Set the parameters as shown below and save the baseline. Parameter
Setting for U-2810
Start WL (nm)
1100
End WL (nm)
190
Sca Scan spe spee ed (n (nm/min /min))
200 200
Response
Medium
WI lamp
On
D2 lamp
On
3-3
4.3.1
4. 4.1
MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION
Introduction The spectrophotometer spectrophotometer requires maintenance. This section gives information on daily inspection and diagnosis functions.
4.2
Self-diagnosis and Automatic Adjustment The spectrophotometer conducts self-diagnosis when the power switch is turned turned on. on. It is also possible to check check the instrument performance. Refer to the following section.
4.3
Check of Specified Performance
4.3.1 Wavelength Accuracy
Check the wavelength accuracy in the procedure given below under the condition that the following preparations preparations have been made. (a) The spectrophotome spectrophotometer ter is powered on. (b) The computer is powered on. (c) Initialize the spectrophotometer spectrophotometer to call up the measurement window. If these preparations cannot be made, then refer to Section 3. (1)
Open the Analysis Method window by clicking the Analysis Analysis Method command from the Edit menu.
(2)
Select “Wavelength scan” in the the Measurement Measurement field on the General tab page.
(3)
Set the parameters on the Instrument Instrument tab tab page page as shown in Table 4-1.
4-1
4.3
Check of Specified Performance
Table 4-1
Instrument Tab
Parameter
Setting
Data mode
E(S)
Start Wavelength (nm)
660
End Wavelength (nm)
650
Scan speed (nm/min)
100
Response
Fast
Baseline correction
System
Delay (s)
0
Zero measurement before each run
Off
Lamp source
D2 only
Lamp change
340
Replicates
1
Path length
(4)
10
Set the parameters on the Monitor Monitor tab tab page page as shown in Table 4-2. Table 4-2
Monitor Tab
Parameter
(5)
Setting
Max
100
Min
0
Open data processing window after acquisition
On
Open data processing window after acquisition(Overlay)
Off
Print report after data acquisition
Off
Overlay
Off
Set the parameters on the the Processing Processing tab page page as shown shown in in Table 4-3. Table 4-3
Processing Tab
Parameter
Setting
Average Replicate Replicate
- (masking)
Processing choices
None
Peak Finding
Romberg
Threshold (Abs)
0.001
4-2
4.3.1
(6)
Set the parameters on the Report Report tab page as shown shown in Table 4-4. Table 4-4 Parameter
Report Tab Setting
Include data
On
Include method
On
Include graph
On
Include peak table
On
Include data listing
Off
(7)
Make sure that that there is nothing nothing at at the sample side and reference side of the cell holder, and securely close the sample compartment lid.
(8)
Click the Measure button or select the measurement measurement command from the Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer menu.
(9)
After completion of measurement, a spectrum is displayed. Check the peak value in the peak table. table. If the peak value value is in a range of 655.8 to 656.4 nm, the wavelength accuracy is normal. normal. If the peak value value is out of the range, range, proceed proceed to the next step.
(10) Select the Calibrate Calibrate Wavelength Wavelength command from the Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer menu. (11) After execution of wavelength wavelength calibration, calibration, retry measurement. measurement. If the peak value value is out of the normal normal range, range, then contact Hitachi service office. (12) The analytical parameters parameters can be stored stored as an analysis analysis method file. When they are are stored, stored, you can proceed proceed to measurement measurement just by calling out the file.
4-3
4.3
Check of Specified Performance
4.3.2
Spectrum Band Width
Check the spectrum band width in the following procedure. (1)
Utilize the spectrum acquired in 4.3.1.
(2)
Determine the wavelength width (half value width) of the the acquired spectrum at the portion where the peak height is 1/2 of the maximum maximum height. height. If the width is is in a range of 1.0 to 1.5 nm for the Model U-2810, it is normal. If the width is out of the range, then execute wavelength calibration and retry measurement for check.
y g r e n E
A 2
A
Wavelength Half value width
Fig. 4-1
(3)
4.3.3 Baseline Flatness
Check of Spectrum Band Width
If the specified performance is not obtained, obtained, contact Hitachi High-Technologies High-Technologies Corporation service office.
The baseline flatness includes baseline drift and noise. Before checking the baseline flatness, warm up the instrument sufficiently (for 2 hours or more after turning on power). (1)
Open the Analysis Method window by clicking clicking the Analysis Analysis Method command from the Edit menu.
(2)
Select “Wavelength scan” in the Measurement Measurement field on the General tab page.
(3)
Set the parameters on the Instrument tab page page as shown shown in in Table 4-5.
4-4
4.3.3
Table 4-5
Instrument Tab
Parameter
Setting
Data mode
Abs
Start Wavelength (nm)
950
End Wavelength (nm)
200
Scan speed (nm/min)
400
Response
Medium
Baseline correction
User
Delay (s)
0
Zero measurement before each run
(4)
Off
Lamp source
Auto
Lamp change
340
Replicates
1
Path length
10
Set the parameters on the Monitor tab page page as as shown shown in Table 4-6. Table 4-6
Monitor Tab
Parameter
(5)
Setting
Max
-0.005
Min
+0.005
Open data processing window after acquisition
On
Open data processing window after acquisition(Overlay) acquisition(Overlay)
Off
Print report after data acquisition
Off
Overlay
Off
Set the parameters on the Processing tab page as shown in Table 4-7. Table 4-7
Processing Tab
Parameter
Setting
Average Replicate Replicate
- (masking)
Processing choices
None
Peak Finding
Rectangular
Threshold (Abs)
0.001
4-5
4.3
Check of Specified Performance
(6)
Set the parameters on the Report Report tab page as shown shown in Table 4-8. Table 4-8 Parameter
Report Tab Setting
Include data
On
Include method
On
Include graph
On
Include peak table
Off
Include data listing
Off
(7)
Make sure that that there is nothing nothing at at the sample side and reference side of the cell holder, and securely close the sample compartment lid.
(8)
Click the Measure icon or select the measurement measurement command from the Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer menu.
Flatness
Noise
Fig. 4-2
Check of Baseline Flatness
The baseline flatness is normal if within ±0.002 Abs in a range of 200 to 950 nm. Note that a large disturbance in the vicinity of 340, 390, 600 or 780 nm is caused by a shock at switching of the light source or filter. Such disturbance should therefore be excluded from the baseline flatness. If the baseline flatness is out of the above range, retry measurement measurement for check. If the specified performance is not obtained, then contact Hitachi service office. (9)
The analytical parameters can be stored as an analysis method file. When they are are stored, stored, you can proceed proceed to measurement measurement just by calling out the file.
4-6
4.4.1
4.4 4.4.1
Periodical Maintenance Cleaning of Sample Compartment
The sample compartment is susceptible to contamination. It is recommended recommended to clean the sample compartment if sample is spilt. Remove each part in the procedure given in Figs. 4-3 to 4-6. The washed sample compartment should be dried sufficiently and then assembled.
Fig. 4-3
Detachment of Sample Compartment Lid
(1) Completely loosen the retaining screw with the furnished bladeedged screwdriver.
Rectangular cell holder (2) Remove the cell holder by lifting the back of the sample compartment.
Fig. 4-4
Removal of Rectangular Cell Holder
4-7
4.4
Periodical Maintenance Maintenance
Remove the retaining screw with the furnished Phillips screwdriver.
Holder base
Fig. 4-5
Detachment of Holder Base
Specimen chamber bottom plate Detach the bottom plate by lifting it.
Fig. 4-6 4-6
Detachment of Specimen Chamber Bottom Plate
4-8
4.4.2
4.4.2
Cleaning of Sample Compartment Window Plate
If the transparent t ransparent window of the sample compartment is contaminated, contaminated, detach detach and clean the window. Before cleaning, wash your hands thoroughly. Then, wipe off contaminants contaminants using a soft paper or cloth soaked with alcohol and ether solution (mixed at a ratio of 1 to 1). If it is difficult to detach the transparent window, use adhesive tape as shown in Fig 4-7. NOTICE: NOTICE:
When setting the transparent window back to the sample compartment, take care not to leave fingerprints on the window.
Adhesive tape Black window frame (Pull it forward with tweezers)
Optical axis
Transparent window
Window frame
Spring
Fig. 4-7 Detachment of Sample Compartment Window Plate
4-9
4.5
4.5
Check of Lamp ON Time
Check of Lamp ON Time It is possible to monitor the cumulative turn-on time of the WI/D 2 lamp. This function is provided provided with the Model Model U-2810 Spectrophotometer. For check, select the Lamp Usage command from the Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer menu.
Fig. 4-8
Lamp Usage
For lamp replacement, refer to 5.3. After lamp replacement, replacement, click Reset for Reset for each lamp.
4 - 10
4.6.1
4.6 4.6.1
4.6.2
Storage After Completion of Measurement Measurement
When Unused for a Long Time
(1)
Turn off off the POWER switch and pull out the plug from the the power outlet.
(2)
Put the cover of proper size on the instrument.
(1)
The instrument must be free from high temperature (70 C or more), low temperature (-20 C of less), high humidity (80% or more) and vibration. °
°
(2)
Be sure to put the cover on the instrument.
(3)
Prevent acidic, alkaline and other harmful gases from flowing into the instrument.
(4)
When moving the instrument to the storage storage area, it is necessary to fasten the light source switching mirror. The instrument may develop trouble due to shock or vibration if moved moved without fastening the mirror. To fasten fasten the mirror, reverse the procedure for removal of fastening parts for transport.
(5)
Avoid a location where a magnetic magnetic field is produced.
(6)
Avoid a dusty environment.
(7)
Avoid direct sunlight.
4 - 11
4.7
4.7
Troubleshooting Troubleshooti ng Table
Troubleshooting Table If any abnormality is found, f ound, refer to the following troubleshooting troubleshooting table. Symptom
Cause
Remedy
1
RUN lamp fails to come on when POWER switch is turned on.
Fuse is blown.
Replace fuse.
2
“Calibrate!” appears on screen.
Peak wavelength has not been found.
Turn off the power switch. Make sure that no sample is placed in the sample compartment. Then turn on the power switch again and see if the error display goes off. Execute the zero %T measurement and calibrate wavelength. Contact the nearest Hitachi HighTechnologies Corporation agent if the error message is displayed again.
3
“D2 lamp!” or “WI lamp!” appears on screen.
Lamp filament is disconnected.
Replace lamp.
4
Error message appears on screen.
Misoperation
Operate correctly according to message.
5
Variation in displayed data is too large.
a. Lamp is deteriorated. b. Lamp is contaminated contaminated with fingerprints. fingerprints. c. Cell or window plate is contaminated with dust or water drops.
a. Replace lamp. b. and c. Eliminate fingerprints, dust or water drops.
4 - 12
5.1
5. 5.1
REPLACEMENT PARTS
Introduction Several consumables are used in the spectrophotometer. To minimize non-availability non-availability time of the spectrophotometer, it is advisable to keep necessary spare parts at hand.
5.2
Consumables and Spare Parts The following parts are consumables. consumables. To prepare prepare spare parts, contact your local Hitachi sales representative or nearest Hitachi service office. WI lamp............P/N 122-2301 D2 lamp ............P/N 122-2300 122-2300
Guaranteed Life of Lamp Guaranteed Time
Guaranteed Period
Part No.
WI Lamp
1000 h
6 months after delivery to user
122-2301
D2 Lamp
350 h
6 months after delivery to user
122-2300
5-1
5.3
5.3
Replacement of Light Source Lamp
Replacement of Light Source Lamp
WARNING Cautions on lamp replacement! •
•
•
•
The power power voltage (500 V) of the D2 lamp could cause an electric shock, resulting in fatal or serious injury. Before replacing the lamp, make sure power switch of the instrument is OFF and power cord is disconnected. D2 and WI lamps reach a high temperature and could cause serious burns if touched. Prior to lamp replacement, wait at least 20 minutes for lamp to cool down after turning OFF power switch. When attaching attaching a new new lamp, lamp, be sure to wear clean gloves so as not to leave fingerprints on the lamp. Don’t leave fingerprints on the projecting part of the D 2 lamp. When checking checking lamp lamp ignition ignition after its replacement, replacement, do do not gaze directly at the the lamp. lamp. Attach the light light source cover and observe the lamp from a distance.
For lamp replacement, take the following procedure. (1)
Turn off the power switch. After that, wait for about 20 minutes until the lamp assy cools down sufficiently.
(2)
Remove the screw screw P from the side of of the light source source cover, and detach the cover.
Screw P
Fig. 5-1
5-2
Light Source Cover
5.3
(3)
Replacement Replacement of WI Lamp Loosen and pull out the retainer spring. Push in a new lamp to the extreme end of the lamp holder.
WI lamp
Fig. 5-2
(4)
Replacement of WI Lamp
Replacement Replacement of D2 Lamp (a) Pull out the D2 Lamp connector. (b) Hold the metal part of the the D2 lamp and turn it counterclockwise counterclockwise until it is separated from the lamp holder.
D2 lamp
Fig. 5-3
5-3
Connector
Replacement of D2 Lamp
5.3
Replacement of Light Source Lamp
(c) Attach a new D2 lamp by reversing the procedure described above. (d) Plug in the D2 lamp connector as shown in Fig. 5-4.
Fig. 5-4
(5)
Put back the light source cover.
5-4
INDEX
A
ASCII text file .......................... ............................ ................. 2-11
B
Baseline flatness.......................... flatness .......................... ........................... ...... 2-12, 4-4 Baseline stability .......................... ............................ ............ 2-12 Bouguer-Beer’s Bouguer-Beer’s law......................................... law............ ............................. ....................... 2-4
C
Check of contents ............................ ........................... ........... 1-5 Check of specified specified performance............................................. 4-1 Cleaning of sample compartment compartment ............................. ............. 4-7 Consumables Consumables ........................ ............................. .................... 5-1 Control system ........................... ............................ ................ 2-6
D
Data mode.................................... ............................. ........... 2-10 Derivative ............................ .............................. ................... 2-10
E
Error message......................................... ............................. .. 3-1 Exit ............................ ............................ ............................ ... 1-12
F
File conversion................................ conversion..... ........................... ........................... .......... 2-11 Frequency ......................... ............................ ......................... 1-2 Fuse ............................ ............................. ............................ .. 1-7
H
Half value width................ ............................ .......................... 4-4
INDEX - 1
I
Installation....... ........................... ........................... ................. 1-1 Instrument calibration........................... ........................... ....... 3-1 Instrument configuration........................ configuration........................ ........................... ...... 2-1 Instrument tab ........................... ............................. ......... 4-2, 4-5
J
JCAMP-DX file .......................... .............................. ............. 2-11
L
Lamp replacement replacement .......................... ............................ .. 4-10, 5-2 Lamp usage .......................... ............................. .................. 4-10 Light source switching........................ ............................ ...... 2-12
M
Maintenance and inspection ........................ .......................... 4-1 Measurement Measurement mode ............................ .......................... 2-9, 2-12 Monitor tab ........................... ............................ ............... 4-2, 4-5
N
Noise level...................................... ............................. ......... 2-12
O
Optical system................................ ........................... ............. 2-6
P
PC connector ......................... ............................ .................... 2-3 POWER switch................................... ............................ ........ 2-3 Peak detection ........................... ............................ .............. 2-10 Periodical inspection .......................... ............................ ........ 4-7 Photometric accuracy.......................................... ................. 2-12 Power supply voltage........................... voltage ........................... .............................. .... 1-2 Processing tab ....................... ........................... .............. 4-2, 4-5
Q
Quantitative calculation....... ........................... ........................ 2-9
INDEX - 2
R
RUN lamp................................. .............................. ................ 2-2 Replacement Replacement of light source source lamp....... lamp.................................... ............................. ...... 5-2 Report tab ............................ ............................. .............. 4-3, 4-6 Rescaling .......................... ........................... ........................ 2-10 Response................................... Response....... ............................ ............................. ............. 2-12 Result of rate calculation............................. ......................... 2-10
S
Scan speed ........................... ........................... .................... 2-12 Self-diagnosis Self-diagnosis ........................ ........................... ............ 2-11, 4-1 Seya-Namioka Seya-Namioka mount............................... ............................ 2-12 Signal processing.............................. ........................... .......... 2-6 Smoothing................................. Smoothing.... ............................. ............................ ............... 2-10 Spare parts................................. ............................ ................ 5-1 Spectrum band width ........................... ............................ ...... 4-4 Spectrum calculation............................. ........................... .... 2-11 Standard............................................. ............................. ....... 2-2 Standard deviation .......................... ............................ ......... 2-10 Statistic calculation ........................... .......................... ......... 2-10 Stray light ......................... .............................. ...................... 2-12 System baseline......................... ............................ ................ 3-3
T
Time scan................................... ............................ .............. 2-10 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting table ........................ ........................... ....... 4-12
W
Wavelength accuracy................... ........................... ............. 2-12 Wavelength calibration.......................... ........................... ...... 3-2 Wavelength drive mechanism.............................. mechanism.. ............................ ................ 2-11 Wavelength scan................................. ............................ ..... 2-10
Z
Zero %T measurement measurement ............................ ..................... 3-2, 4-12
INDEX - 3