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Human values are not merely private. All values have a social aspect. The government official who demands porsiyento, the fireman or policeman who extorts tong or lagay for a service which i… Full description
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UNDERSTANDING THE FILIPINO
Indigenous Filipino Values
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WHAT WE FILIPINOS SHOULD KNOW: (Note: Bold and/or underlined words are HTML links. Click on them to see the linked postings/articles. Forwarding the postings to relatives and friends, especially in the homeland, is greatly appreciated. To write or read a comment, please go to the bottom of the post and click on "Comments.").
"Corruption is worse than prostitution. The latter might endanger the morals of an individual; the former invariably endangers the morals of the entire country." - Karl Kraus, 187 1936.
"I either want less corruption, or more chance to participate in it." - Ashleigh Brilliant, 1933
"The accomplish to the crime of corruption is frequently our own indifference." - Bess Myerson, 1924-present
Many Filipinos are what I call Sunday-religious, that is they go to church every Sunday, take in confession and communion, but the rest of the week they bribe and do corrupt deeds..."
"
- Dr. Pura Santillan-Castrence
With the ever-worsening greed and corruption that gravely permeate all branches of our civil government and military, including the public/social service institutions ( see all these crimes and treasonous acts as essentially glossed-over legacies of the Marcos Dictatorship); and with the majority of our fellow Filipinos kept functionally ignorant by design, the latter can only feel perennially abandoned by its government. All the while the minority who benefit from the recognized system of patronage take care of their extended families and associates.
Transparency in government has not taken root, thanks to the apathy of t he upper/middle classes -some of whom benefit (or want t o) from this status quo; and thanks to the imposed ignorance of the native majority (as transparency can be put in place only by strong demand from a well-informed and active majority). We oftentimes wonder what kind of values we have now; what have we lost in terms of social conscience, of social morality (let us forget here about sexual morality to which the church hierarchy seems to pay relatively more attention to). The question nowadays seems to be "Why can't we be good?"
We Filipinos point out, ad nauseam, about our homeland as being the only Christian nation in Asia, as if it were a badge that we can brandish around We do not seem to wonder whether that really is something to be proud of; or are we just -unknowingly- exposing our ignorance about what authentic Christianity is all about? With all the Catholic schools we have, where many members of our socioeconomic and political rulers/elites got their so-called education (maybe "instruction" is more apt), what kind of Christian education did these members and/or children of the elite class get?
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How come some, if not many, of those who commit crimes and are guilty of corruption were from exclusive Catholic schools? What kind of scholastic mentors/teachers did they have? Have the mentors themselves sold out? W hy did the good moral and church social teachings not stick? We have expected these alumni of Catholic schools/colleges/universities schools/colleges/universities to be better than those who attended public or secular schools. Is it our unique case that social morality can not really be taught in schools nor be practiced in the real world?
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Below is an interesting and informative essay on understanding our Filipino value system, written just a few years after the Marcos downfall, by the
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UNDERSTANDING THE FILIPINO
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1) What is the philosophical basis of Filipino values? 2) What is distinctive about the Filipi no value system?
VALUE PHILOSOPHY A brief introduction to the philosophy of human values is necessary for an understanding of Filipino values and values education. A Filipino experiences family closeness and solidarity (pagpapahalaga sa pamilya), politeness (use of po or ho), hospitality (tuloy po kayo),gratitude kayo), gratitude (utang na loob) from "within", that is, subjectively and emotionally, unlike a non-Filipino observer, social scientist, or psychologist who studies Filipino values objectively from "without" or "from a distance". Such Filipino values as social acceptance, acceptance , (pakikisama, amor propio, economic security, security, pagmamay-ari), and trust in God (paniniwala sa Diyos, bathala or Maykapal) find their philosophical basis in man's dynamic openness toward nature and the world (e.g., the value of hanap-buhay ng magsasaka), one's fellowmen (the values of paggalang, hiya, katarungan, pag-ibig), and God (the values of pananampalataya pananampalataya,, pananalangin, kabanalan). This dynamic openness of man is an openness to the possibilities of the future. That is why values are something to be realized. realized. Take the value of peace. The Philippine situation is now characterized by insurgency; conflict between the NPA, the MNLF and the AFP; vigilante groups; hostility and division--in short, an absence of national peace and order.
Human values are not merely private. All values have a social aspect. The government official who demands porsiyento porsiyento,, the fireman or policeman who extorts tong or lagay for a service which is his duty, all contribute to the worsening graft and corruption. We are all responsible for on another (tayong lahat ay may pananagutan sa isa't-isa).
Values are both subjective and objective. They involve a subject or person who values (e.g., a young girl) and an object or value to be realized (e.g., pagkamahinhin). Justice is objective because it is a value that should be realized by all. It also becomes subjective if justice becomes a value fo me. There is an objective difference between value and disvalue, pleasure and pain, life and death, poverty and affluence, heroism and cowardice, truth and error, right and wrong, holiness and sinfulness. The difference is not only in the mind or a matter of personal taste or preference. if I close my eyes to the ugly poverty around me, the poor will not disappear.
Values are not objective in the sense t hat they are found in some static heaven: they are relational and embodied in person-value-types (ideal moral persons). For example, to a tipong-mukhang kuarta [an avaricious look] profit is more important than service; t o a tipong-politiko [political type], pera [money], propaganda, politika [politics] are more valuable than honesty; tipong siyentipiko [scientist type] or tipong-artista [actor type] personify agham [science] and sining [art]; tipong madasalin [pious type] may exemplify kabanalan (piety).
Cory Aquino embodied all that we wanted our President to be--credible, honest, just, with a strong faith in God and in our people. The ideal type or Filipino model during the "parliament of the streets" was the tipong-maka-Diyos (religions), makatao (people-oriented), makabayan (nationalistic).
The heroes of EDSA placed the good of the Filipino people before the safety and security of their families. They were willing to risk their lives for God and people. Value-ranking or the priority of values is not merely arbitrary or subjective. subjective. There is an objective ranking of values based on existence or reality and other objective criteria.
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Using the criteria of permanence, ability to be shared, and depth of satisfaction, Max Scheler ranked Scheler ranked human values from the lowest to t he highest as follows:(3) follows: (3) sense values like sensual pleasure are exemplified by the lakuatsero or pabling; utilitarian values like profit and efficiency by the businessman and technocrat; life values, by the doctor and t he hero, e.g., Dr. Bobby de la Paz and Emilio Jacinto; Jacinto; cultural values, by the genius and the artist, e.g., Jose Rizal and Francisco Balagtas; Balagtas ; religious values, by the saint, e.g., Mother Teresa or Lorenzo Lorenzo Ruiz. Moral and religious
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A Filipino value or disvalue does not exist alone, in isolation or in a vacuum. vacuum. Filipino values like bahala na, utang na loob, hiya, pakikisama, pakiusap are clustered around core values like social acceptance, economic security, social mobility, and are always found in a definite context or set of circumstances.
Both positive values and negative disvalues together form a characteristic constellation in school (aralan at dasalan [studying and praying], kuwentuhan at laruan [story telling and game], inggitan at tsismisan [envying and gossiping]), which differs from the configuration found in government offices (pagkakaisa [unity] , pagkabayani [heroism], intriga [intrigue], palakasan [show of power], sipsipan [bribery], palusot), in business firms (palabra de honor [word of honor], delicadeza [finesse], "commission", "kickback", padulas [grease money], lagay [bribe]), or in the barrio barangays (paggalang [honoring], pagdadamayan [comforting], bayanihan [cooperation], bahala na [come what may], utang na loob [gratefulness], hiya[shame]/pakiusap[appear], hiya[shame]/pakiusap[appear], palakasan [show of power]). To change a framework of values, it may be necessary to change the constellation and context of those negative values that hinder Filipino and Christian development. Fourthly, we can speak of Filipino values in t he sense that the historical consciousness of values has evolved among our people. The Filipino concept of justice has evolved from inequality to equality, and t o human dignity; from the tribe, to the family, and to the nation (6) (6).. Filipino consciousness of these different values varies at different periods of our history. It is only in the last two decades that the Filipino people have become more conscious of overpopulation and family planning, environmental pollution (Kawasaki sintering plant) and wildlife conservation (Calauit (Calauit Island), and the violation of human rights (Martial Law), active non-violence and People Power (1986 non-violent Revolution). FILIPINO VALUES: AMBIVALENCE AND SPLIT-LEVEL CHRISTIANITY Are Filipino values good or bad? The truth is that Filipino values are ambivalent in the sense that they are a potential for good or evil, a help or hindrance to personal and national development, depending on how they are understood, practiced or lived. They can be used in a good or evil context,, e.g., pakikisama sa kabuktutan or sa kaunlaran. Filipino values have both positive and negative aspects depending on the context in which context they are found. In a social system or atmosphere of extreme insecurity, the positive qualities of the Filipino take on negative and ugly appearances. appearances. For example, utang na loob can lead to pakiusap, nepotism and "cronyism". Pagmamay-ari ng kapangyarihan kapangyarihan (the possession of power) and their abuse could lead to class distinction or the "malakas-mahina system". Hiya can become pakitang tao or gaya-gaya; machismo (tunay na lalake) is partly responsible for the "querida system" and the doble kara morality.
To show the ambivalence of Filipino values, values, one example will suffice. Take the well known but ambivalent Filipino bahala na mentality. mentality. On the on hand, this Filipino attitude could be the root of the positive value of risk taking, entrepreneurship, and social responsibility. Prof. Jose de Mesa, Mesa , in a pioneer book on the Filipino and Christian meaning of bahala na, stresses the positive meaning of this virtue of risk- taking, enterprise and joint trust both human effort (bahala tayong lahat) and divine Providence (bahala ang Maykapal) (7) (7)..
A people's will to take chances and risks, no matter what difficulties and problems the future entails, i s necessary for a nation's growth an destiny. Bahala na could be a genuine faith and trust in Divine Providence that also presupposes a self-reliance (pagsasarili) that took the form of People Power in the EDSA revolution. Bahala na was a positive and nationalistic virtue for Jose Rizal, who believed that Filipinos could no longer rely on the Spaniards, but only on t hemselves and on God.
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On the other hand, in the past the negative aspect of bahala na which dominated Fili pino life meant a false sense of resignation(ganyan resignation (ganyan lang ang buhay), a superstitious belief or blind faith(malas/suwerte, faith(malas/suwerte, tadhana, kapalaran), or escape from decision-making and social responsibility As such it may be the root cause of national apathy (walang pakialam) and collective paralysis paralysis of action (bakit pa kikilos) to solve both local and
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about Filipino values is: Ganito kami noon: paano kayo ngayon? How are we to know towards what goal or direction Filipino values ought to move or become? Now that we have regained our democratic form of government once again and have arrived at a privileged historical kairos, how do we transform Filipino values to build a more "just and humane society" (Preamble, 1987 Constitution)? We need both external structural and internal cultural change. It is here that the Christian faith should, in the last analysis, point the way to the kind of values education needed for national reconstruction. Ateneo de Manila University Manila
Source: http://www.crvp.org/book/Series03/III-7/chapter_vi.htm
"Corruption is worse than prostitution. The latter might endanger the morals of an individual; the former invariably endangers the morals of the entire country." - Karl Kraus, 187 1936.
"We shall be better and braver and less helpless if we think that we ought to enquire, than we should have been if we indulged in the idle fancy that there was no knowing and n use in seeking to know what we do not know..." – SOCRATES
“In the long-run every Government is the exact symbol of its People, with their WISDOM and UNWISDOM; we have to say, Like People like Government. “ - Thomas Carlyle, 1795-1881, Scottish Philosopher, Author
Posted by Bert M. Drona at 11:36 AM Labels: bahala na, na , catholic church, church , Filipino culture, culture , filipino values, values , Fr. Vitaliano Gorospe, Gorospe , split-level christianity
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Bert, Please consider the aspect of our Filipino language/dialect as this relates to our values. Ours is an inadequate language that the
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Anonymous said...
Since we don't live in a perfect world, there is some form of corruption everywhere. But do you see other countries trashing themselves because of the sins of the few? Perhaps this mentality justifies the people who are exploiting their power into thinking Filipinos deserve the abuse anyway. It is doubtful that a self-blaming negativity would turn things around. Better to believe in our own goodness and fortitude and to revive every Filipinos' decency and nobility. - LS 4:00 PM
Bert M. Drona said...
YKWIA, Am sorry IDNKY and I unfortunately have no time to find out. Anyway, looks like you made several assertions that need further elaborations. I do not know what made you claim that "language form our value system," or that Pilipino is a dead language or that it will not lead to progressiveness; or that UP professors are clueless and alluding to their being highly paid. You seem more to have some chips on your shoulder for whatever reason(s). Cheers! Bert 10:14 PM
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present/future generations in the homeland. Maybe you are "lucky" not to be in dire straits due to the systemic corruption in our homeland. I know many friends and relatives who were in middle class and now have slid down to near misery. Thanks to what you seem to see only as only a "few" rascals (to put it mildly) --who in my mind, ought to be in the crosshairs of a firing squad. Note that the "few" since the Marcos times are still around and are active members of the ruling elite, and joined by the new breed of similar minds.
Bert 10:40 PM
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