TYPES OF OPHTHALMIC PRODUCTS ADMINISTRATION The instillation of eye drops remains one of the less precise, yet one of the more accepted, means of topical drug delivery. The method of administration is cumbersome at best, particularly for the elderly, patents with poor vision who have difficulty seining without eyeglasses and patients with other physical handicaps. Pershaps surprisingly, most patients become quite adept at routine instillation. The pharmacist should advice each patient to keep the following points in mind to aid in the instillation oeyedrops or ointments. HOW TO USE EYEDROPS
1. 2.
Wash hands. With one hand, gently pull lower eyelid down.
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!f dr opper is se parate, sq uee"e rubber bulb on ce wh ile dropper is in bo ttle to bring liquied into dropper.
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$olding dropper above eye, drop medicine inside lower lid while lookin up do not touch dropper to eye or fingers.
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&elease lower lid. Try to keep eye open and not blink for at least ' seconds.
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!f dropper is separate, •
!f dropper is separate, always hold it with tip down
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)ever touch dropper to any suface
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)ever rinse dropper.
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When dropper is at top of botlle, avoid contaminting cap when removed.
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When dropper is a permanent fi*tuire on the bottle ie when supplied by a pharmacetical manufacture to the pharmacist, the same rules apply to avoid contamination.
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)ever use eye drops that have changed color. !f you have more than one bottle of the same kind of drop, open ony one bottle at a time. !f you are using more than one kind of drop at the same time, wait several minutes before use of other drops.
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!t may be helpful in use of the medicine to practice use by positioning yourself in front of a mirror.
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+fter istillation of drops. do not close eye tightly and try not to blink more often than usual, at this removes the medicine for the place on the eye where it will be effective.
HOW TO USE OPHTHALMIC OINTMENTS 1.
Wash hand
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&emove cap from tube.
3.
With one hand, gently pull lower eyelid down.
4.
While looking up squee"e a small amount of ointment about to - inch inside lower lid. /e careful not to touch tip of tube to eye, eyelid fingers etc.
5.
0lose eye gently nd roll eyeball in all directions while eye is closed temporary blurring may occur.
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The closed eyelid may be rubbed very gently by a
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&eplace cap on tube Take care to avoid contamination cap when removed When opening ointment tube for the first time, squee"e out the first inch of ointment and discard as it may be too dry. )ever touch tip of tube of any surface !f you have more than one tube of the same ointment, open only one at a time. !f you are using more than one kind of ointment at the same time, wait about 1' min before use of another ointment. To improve flow of ointment holds tube in hand several minutes to warm before use. !t may be helpful in sue of the ointment to practice use by positioning yourself in front of a mirror.
T&!3!4+T!5) P&5067& 8 Those procedure suited best for the e*temporaneous preparation of ophthalmic soultuion are. 1.
olutions in final container
a. Place the filtered solution in containers that have been wash ed and rinsed with distilled water. b. eal dropper bottles with regular screw caps. The dropper assembly should be stapled into a paper envelope. c. terili"er 2' min at 1% psi 9121 ' d. 6o not assemble until ready to use. 2.
DROPPER BOTTLES
a. Wash container thoroughly and rinse with distilled water. b. 3oosen caps and place bottles in autoclave. c. +utoclave 1% min at 1% psi 9121 ' d. Partially 0ool autoclave e. &emove bottles from autoclave and secure caps f. 3.
tore sterili"ed bottles in a cle an, dustproof. cabinet
GLASSWARE AND EQUIPMENT
a. Wrap adapters 9containing filter syringes, class ware, spatulas etc. in autoclave paper and secure with masking tape. b. Place articles in autoclave and sterili"er in the manner described in section 2 above c. tore in separate cabinet until ready in use.
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0ap container immediately.
The procedure outlined above should be carried out in a clean area eqipped with ulteraviolet lighting and preferable in a laminar flow hood. 3aminar flow Principals = + laminar flow work area is a particularly convenient means of preparing sterile, particulate free solutions, laminar flow is defined as air flow in which the total body of air moves with uniform velocity along parallel lines with a minimum of eddies. 3aminar flows minimi"es the possbility of airborne microbial contamination by provding air free of viable particles and free of practically all inert particulates. 3aminar flow units are available in a variety of shapes and si"es and in two board categories, hori"ontal and vertical laminar flow. !t would be noted that laminar flow per se is not a guarantee of
