Comparison of CMV, SIMV, PSV, PCIR, PEEP and CPAP. Indications, contraindications, advantages, and miscellaneous notes. Print in landscape orientation...
An introduction to the applied pulmonary mechanics for understanding of neonatal ventilation. This presentation should motivate the beginner to delve deep into the art of ventilation.Descripción completa
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Types of Assisted Ventilation Ventilator Option
Controlled Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) Assist Control Ventilation (ACV)
No respiratory drive or effort Neuromuscular euromuscular disorders (Guillain-Barré) Pulmonary edema Acute respiratory failure
Weaning
Contraindications
Advantages
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Hypovolemia
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Hypovolemia
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Hypovolemia
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Pressure Controlled Inverse Ratio (PCIR) Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)
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Weaning (with SIMV)
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ARDS
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Hypovolemia Sole ventilatory support for acute respiratory failure. Hypovolemia
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ARDS?
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Hypovolemia
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Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)
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Apnea
Allows spontaneous breaths between ventilatordelivered breaths.
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Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)
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Hypovolemia
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Allows spontaneous breaths between ventilatordelivered breaths. Improved synchrony between patient & ventilator. Prevents atrophy of respiratory muscles. Lower mean airway pressure. Helps ↓ work of breathing and O2 demand. ↑ endurance conditioning. Prevents atrophy of respiratory muscles. Keeps alveoli open longer. Prolonged inspiratory time may → “auto-PEEP.” Keeps alveoli open during expiration. Limits O2 toxicity.
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Delivers preset volume at a preset rate. Positive pressure during entire breath, spontaneous spontaneous or not. Delivers preset volume at a preset rate. When a spontaneous breath is detected, the ventilator “pushes” the entire preset volume into the patient. Delivers preset volume at a preset rate. During a spontaneous breath, the pathe patient determines the volume delivered. The ventilator will “push” a minimum volume into the patient, but the patient can breathe deeper. ↑ work of breathing for patient. Most common type of ventilation. •
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Patient controls the length of each breath, the tidal volume, and the respiratory rate. Delivers each breath with a preset (positive) pressure itive) pressure.. I:E ratio is usually set to 2:1. Unnatural breathing pattern requires sedation and/or paralysis. Positive pressure applied to airway during expiration . Mechanical equivalent to pursed-lip breathing. Positive pressure applied to airway during the entire breath. breath. Mask must be tight-fitting over face. ↑ work of breathing for patient.
