Transport Planning and Engineering

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter one: Introduction ................................................................................................... ....... 1 1.1 General ................................................................................................................. ............ 1 1.2 Transport Planning and modeling .................................................. .................................. 2 1.2.1 Types of transport planning ............................................ .......................................... 3 1.2.2 Model Concept ................................................... ....................................................... 4 1.3 Scope of Transportation planning and system engineering ............................................. 6 1.3.1 Scope of Transportation Planning .................................................. ........................... 6 1.3.2 System Approach to the transport planning: ............................................................. 7 1.4 Transport related problems in cities ................................................................................. 8 1.5 Transportation network and their characteristics ........................................................... 10 1.6 Organizational structure of Ministry of Physical planning and works and its departments ...................................................................................................... .................... 11 chapter two: urban and regional planning ................................................................................ 12 2.1 General ................................................................................................................. .......... 12 2.2 Difference between urban and regional planning .......................................................... 12 2.3 Transport demand survey and studies ............................................................. ............... 12 2.3.1 Types of transportation survey..................................... ........................................... 12 2.4 Travel demand forecasting .................................................. ........................................... 17 Chapter three: urban transport planning process .......................... ........................................... 18 3.1 General steps in urban transport planning process .................................................. ...... 18 3.2 Four step transport planning ................................................................... ....................... 19 3.2.1 Trip Generation .................................................................................................. ..... 19 3.2.2 Trip Distribution ...................................................................................... ............... 24 3.2.3 Modal split models (Mode choice model) ............................................... ............... 30 3.2.4 Traffic assignment ....................................................... ........................................... 32 Chapter four: transportation system analysis ................................................... ........................ 36 4.1 Principles for developing a set of alternatives ......................................................... ...... 36 4.2 Questions that form the basis of evaluation: ................................................... ............... 36 4.3 Evaluation criteria for major investment studies ........................................................... 37 4.4 Evaluation should have following characteristics: ............................... ......................... 39 4.5 Social cost of transportation........................................................... ................................ 40 4.5 Distributional impacts

..................................................... 41

5.1 General ................................................................................................................. .......... 42 5.2 Aircraft Component parts ............ .......................................................... ........................ 42 5.3 Aircraft Characteristics Related to Airport Planning and Design .................................. 47 5.4 Airport site selection ................................................. ..................................................... 47 5.5 ICAO airport classification ................................................... ......................................... 48 5.6 Airport Layout and its components........................... ..................................................... 49 5.7 Runway Configurations ......................................................................... ........................ 50 5.8 Factors affecting runway orientation ........................................... .................................. 51 5.9 Geometric standards for elements of airport ................................................... ............... 52 5.9.1 Runway ............................................... .................................................................... 52 5.9.2 Taxiway................................................................................................................... 61 5.9.3 Apron ................................. ..................................................................................... 61 5.9.4 Terminal facilities and space .......................................... ........................................ 62 5.10 Introduction to design of airfield pavement .................................................. ............... 66 5.10.1 Various design factors................................................ ........................................... 66 5.10.2 Design procedure: CBR method ........................................................................... 68 5.10.3 Example on Flexible Pavement Design .......................................................... ...... 69 Chapter six: Introduction To Railway Engineering ................................................................. 72 6.1 Introduction ................................................. ................................................................... 72 6.2 Historical background ............................................... ..................................................... 72 6.3 Advantages .................................................. ......................................................... .......... 72 6.4 Rail Gauges ......................................................... ........................................................... 73 6.5 Railway Classification .................................................................................... ............... 74 6.6 Rolling Stock of Railways ............................................................................................. 75 6.7 Railway track component ......................................... ..................................................... 76 6.7.1 Rail ............................................. ......................................................... .................... 77 6.7.2 Sleepers ................................................ ................................................................... 78 6.7.3 Ballast .......................................... ........................................................................... 80 6.7.4

Track Fittings & Fastening ................................................................................81

6.7.5 Materials Requirement per Km of railway track .................. .................................. 82 6.8 Geometric Design of Railway Track .................................. ........................................... 83 6.8.1

Gradient.............................................................................................................. 83

6.8.2 Super elevation on Curves (Cant)

84

6.8.3

Safe speed on curves .......................................................................................... 86

6.8.4

Negative Super elevation: .................................................................................. 87

6.8.5 Widening of gauge on curves ................................................. ................................ 88 6.9 6.10

Points and Crossing ................................................................................................... 88 Station .................................................................................................................... 90

6.10.1 Types .................................................. ......................................................... .......... 90 6.11 Yards ............................................................................ ................................................ 92 6.11.1 Types .................................................. ......................................................... .......... 93 6.12

General Requirements of Railway Stations........................................................... 94

Chapter seven: Ropeway.......................................................................................................... 95 7.1

General ............................................................... ................................................ ....... 95

7.2 Historical development of ropeways ............................................................................. 95 7.2

Classification of Ropeways .......................................................................................96

7.3 Basic Components (Terminology) ................................................................................. 97 Chapter Eight: Transport system in Nepal ............................................................................... 99 8.1 District transport master plan (DTMP) .......................................................................... 99 8.1.1 Objective of the DTMP ......................................................... ................................ 100