TK2103 - NERACA MASSA DAN ENERGI
TUGAS BESAR
NADIA HANA SORAYA / 13008011 ANINDA CAHYA PUTRI / 13008022
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG 2010
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
I. ANALISIS MASALAH Diagram alir sederhana proses pembuatan methanol berbahan baku gas alam (CH 4) disajikan berikut ini. Beberapa data operasional disajikan dalam tabel di bawahnya (data kerja praktek di salah satu pabrik methanol di Kalimantan). 1. Lakukan Analisis Derajat Derajat Kebebasan: Kebebasan: unit unit per unit, unit, proses, overall. 2. Jika Jika soal soal buka bukan n well-specified , well-specified , lengkapi informasi yang diperlukan (soal under-specified ) under-specified ) atau yang harus disisihkan (soal over-specified) . Kemudian tulis kembali ADK yang baru, dan soal dinyatakan well-specified . well-specified . 3. Selesaikan Selesaikan masalah masalah neraca neraca massa dan dan energi. energi.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
F1
F2
F2A
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
P, bar
35
35 35
80
80
35
35
1
1
F8 1
T, oC Flow, mol/s
500
8 00
2 50
2 50
25
2 25 5
850
1 0 00
..?
..?
..?
3000
..?
..?
..?
yCH4 yH2O yCO yCO2
100%
..?
..?
0
0
10 100%
0
0
0
..?
..?
10 100%
100%
0
0
..?
0
..?
..?
0
0
0
0
0
0
..?
.. ?
0
0
0
0
..?
yH2 yCH3OH
0
..?
..?
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
..?
0
0
0
0
0
yO2 yN2
0
0
0
0
0
0
21%
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
79%
..?
Data operasional: a. reak reakto torr steam reforming, reforming, konversi: XCH4 = 90%; XH2O = 40% b. reak reakto torr methanol synthesis, synthesis, konversi: XCO = 50%; XCO2= 10% c. aliran F3 memiliki memiliki komposisi komposisi yang memenuhi: memenuhi: SN = 2 dengan definisi, stoichiometric number, SN =
I. 1. Analisis Derajat Kebebasan
[ y H 2
−
y CO 2 ]
[ y CO
+
y CO 2 ]
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
E Variabel Aliran + Derajat Kelangsungan Reaksi
7
Variabel Neraca Energi Persamaan TTSL Neraca Massa
7
E 9
7 5
Persamaan Neraca Energi
5
9
E 10
7 5
1
5
10
2
5 5
1
5
2
E 13
5 1
1
1
13
E 19
5 6
1
6
19
E 30
13 8
1
8
30 21
22
1
22 5
Laju Alir yang Diketahui
0
0
2
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
2
2
Komposisi yang Diketahui
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
Variabel Neraca Energi yang Diketahui
6
6
4
4
4
12
18
Hubungan Pendukung
0
0
2
2
5
5
0
0
3
3
5
5
5
5
Derajat Kebebasan
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
4
6
1
-2
I. 2. Analisis Soal
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Variabel Aliran + Derajat Kelangsungan Reaksi
BURNER
STEAM REFORMI NG REACTO R
HEAT EXCHANGE R& COMPRES SOR
NM
NM E
NM
NM E
NM
NME
NM
7
7
9
9
10
10
2
Variabel Neraca Energi Persamaan TTSL Neraca Massa
7 5
Persamaan Neraca Energi
5
7 5
1
5
BOILER
5 5
1
5
METHAN OL SYNTHE SIS REACTO R
OVERAL L
PROCES S
NM E
NM
NM E
NM
NM E
NM
NM E
2
13
13
19
19
30
30
5 1
1
1
5 6
1
6
13 8
1
8
21 22
1
22 5
Laju Alir yang Diketahui
0
0
2
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
2
2
Komposisi yang Diketahui
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
Variabel Neraca Energi yang Diketahui
6
6
4
4
3
11
17
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
II. PENYELESAIAN MASALAH II. 1. Penjelesan Proses Sintesis Metanol Metanol yang akan kami jabarkan proses produksinya dalam tugas ini dikenal juga sebagai metil akohol. Metanol adalah senyawa kimia dengan rumus kimia CH 3OH. Ia merupakan bentuk alkohol paling sederhana. Pada keadaan atmosfer, ia berbentuk cairan yang ringan, mudah menguap, tidak berwarna, mudah terbakar, dan beracun dengan bau yang khas. Ia digunakan sebagai bahan pendingin anti beku, pelarut, bahan bakar, dan sebagai bahan aditif etanol industri. Metanol diproduksi secara alami oleh metabolisme anaerobik oleh bakteri. Hasil proses tersebut adalah uap metanol (dalam jumlah kecil) di udara. Setelah beberapa hari, uap metanol tersebut akan teroksidasi oleh oksigen dengan bantuan sinar matahari menjadi karbon dioksida dan air. Metanol dapat diproduksi dalam skala industri secara besar-besaran melalui konversi katalitik dari gas sintesis. Produksi metanol dalam pabrik ini dibagi menjadi dua tahap: 1. Produks Produksii gas gas sintesis sintesis.. 2. Sinte Sintesis sis meta metano nol. l. Saat ini, gas sintesis umumnya dihasilkan dari metana yang merupakan komponen dari gas alam. Terdapat tiga proses yang dipraktekkan secara komersial:
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Reaksi ini, umumnya dinamakan steam-methane reforming atau SMR, merupakan reaksi endotermik dan limitasi perpindahan panasnya menjadi batasan dari ukuran reaktor katalitik yang digunakan. Rasio CO and H 2 kemudian diatur dengan menggunakan reaksi perpindahan air-gas ( water-gas shift reaction ): CO +H2O
CO2 + H2,
untuk menghasilkan stoikiometri yang sesuai dalam sintesis metanol. Panas yang diterima reaktor steam reforming berasal dari panas pembakaran CH 4 menggunakan udara yang memiliki komposisi 79% N dan 21% O
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
cara mengatasi kelebihan hidrogen ini adalah dengan mereaksikan karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan dari reaksi perpindahan air-gas (water-gas (water-gas shift reaction ) yang terjadi sebelumnya, dimana ia akan bereaksi membentuk metanol sesuai dengan reaksi kimia berikut: CO2 + 3H2
CH3OH + H2O
Selanjutnya, panas yang dihasilkan dari reaktor ini digunakan untuk menguapkan H 2O pada waste heat boiler . Uap air yang dihasilkan dari waste heat boiler kemudian boiler kemudian dijadikan sebagai umpan reaktor steam reforming. Diagram alir produksi metanol dalam persoalan ini adalah sebagai berikut.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Masalah ini dapat diselesaikan dengan mulai menyelesaikan persamaan neraca massa dan energi di unit reaktor steam reforming yang memiliki derajat kebebasan neraca massa dan energi nol. Untuk menyederhanakan persoalan, C komponen dianggap tetap (tidak berubah oleh suhu).
II. 2.1. Unit Steam Reforming Reactor Hubungan pendukung: •
r1 = 90% x F1= 900 mol/s
p
setiap
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
yH20,2 = 18/58
yCO,2 = 6/58
yCO2,2 = 3/58
yH2,2 = 30/58
Mencari Q 1: Hf,298K (J/m (J/mol)
CH4
H2O(g)
CO
CO2
H2
-74520
-241818
-110525
-393509
0
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
yCO,2A = 6/58 = 10.34%
yCO2,2A = 3/58 = 5.17%
yH2,2A = 30/58 = 51.72%
Mencari H2 Hf,298K (J/m (J/mol) o
CH4
H2O(g)
CO
CO2
H2
-74520
-241818
-110525
-393509
0
Cp (J/ J/(mol. C)
35.06
33.57
29.2
37.1
28.8
-488381050
H1073K (J/m (J/mol)
-47348.5
-21 - 215801.25
-87895
-364756.5
22320
-84203.62931
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Titles you can't find anywhere else
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.