The Impact of Mobile Phone Usage on Academic Performance Among the Grade 7 Students of Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School, Lumasal, Maasim, Sarangani Province
SOUTHPOINT COLLEGE OF ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY General Santos City
Chapter I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Globalization has changed our lives through the innovations of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). One of the rapid advancements of ICT is the Mobile Phone
(Rabiu et.al 2016). Mobile phones have become an essential part of our daily lives. Nowadays, mobile phones are considered a basic necessity and act as a vital channel of communication. According to Rich Ling, the mobile phone has fundamentally affected our society, accessibility, safety, security, and coordination of social and business activities. It has become part of the culture of every region in the world. The uses of mobile phones are numerous and this includes keeping contact with friends, members of the family, conducting business and others. Cellphones were introduced in the Philippines in the late 60’s made popular initially by Motorola Philippines. Motorola used the first generation mobile or analog phones but was for voice calls only. More advanced cellphones emerged in the mid 70's introduced by Nokia
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Philippines using features such as text messaging, call waiting, call forwarding, and call hold. This started a new breed of mobile users, who made text messaging the cheapest means of
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communicating with everyone in the country. Today, the Philippines is considered as the "Text Capital" of the world. The use of mobile phones in the Philippines has brought better information access for farmers, broader citizen engagement, and link to traffic data for taxi drivers, according to a new World Bank report (Roa 2012). Today, Filipinos are greatly attached to their mobile phones for varying reasons- whether for communication, entertainment, or productivity (). Mobile phones are important in school and also in work; it is the way of interacting, creating, sharing and exchanging information and ideas to each other (Blumstock & Eagle, 2010). However, despite the numerous advantages of mobile phones, everything should be taken in moderation. A study has revealed that cellphone usage is bad for students. The result of the
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study is not surprising since cellphone usage is linked to the use of apps that can distract students from school activities or from focusing on the tasks at hand. Another survey conducted by Japan’s education ministry revealed that school children who spend more than four hours a day on their mobile phone perform significantly worse on school tests (Cancio 2014). Although there are benefits for allowing phones at school, the disadvantages far outweigh the benefits. Researchers have also discovered that the use of mobile phone in school can cause several problems. Students who use mobile phones in school lost their focus and attention during class hours. This type of distraction inhibits the students’ concentration and their learning in different ways. Thus, this proves that mobile phones may affect the students’ level of academic performance. These have led the use of mobile phone to undermine the schools’ authority and weaken their control over students (Jumoke et. al 2008). Research on the influence of mobile phone in schools today has not been given much attention, thus the aim of this research is to assess the impact of mobile phones on the students' academic performance. This study will also serve as a reference for researchers who are
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interested in conducting a study related to this undertaking.
Statement of the Problem
The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of mobile phone usage on academic performance among the grade 7 students in Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School, Lumasal, Maasim, Sarangani Province. Specifically, this study sought to answer the ff. questions: 1. What is the profile of Grade 7 students in Anecito Lopez Sr. National High School in terms of 1.1
Age
1.2
Gender
1.3
Economic Status
2. What are the different types of mobile phones used by the students? 2.1
According to Brand
2.2
Type of Network
2.3
Loading Preference
3. What is the school performance of the grade 7 students in Anecito Lopez Sr. National High School as perceived by their: 3.1
School Attendance
3.2
Compliance of the School Work
3.3
Timeliness
4. Based on the results of the study, what improvement can be done to grade 7 students regarding the usage of mobile phones?
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5. Is there a significant difference between the academic performance of students without mobile phones and students with mobile phones?
Null Hypothesis This study is designed to assess the hypothesis that there is no significant difference on the influence of mobile phone usage on their academic performance among grade 7 students of Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School, Maasim, Sarangani Province.
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Theoretical Framework The mobile phone has fundamentally affected our society, accessibility, safety and security, coordination of social and business activities. It has become the part of the culture of every region in the world.
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There is the conflicting priority of young people, parents, and teachers in relation to the mobile phone device, with teachers more concerned about issues such as discipline in the classroom and parents worried about means of contacting their children at every point of time. According to the majority of research done so far, it was discovered that the use of mobile phone in schools is Commented [G13]: Inserted: the
problematic.
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The theoretical perspectives of this research study are based on the premise that:
Mobile phone usage
Supervision of Parents
Classroom rules
Policy of the school
Conceptual Framework This study aimed to gather information relating to the impact of mobile phone usage on the academic performance among grade 7 students in Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School, Lumasal, Maasim, Sarangani Province. The illustration presented on Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study.
Mobile Usage of Grade 7 Students INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
Impact on their Academic Performance in School DEPENDENT VARIABLE
Figure 1.1 Conceptual Paradigm of the Study
Significance of the Study The mobile phone has gained immeasurable ground in the lives of the students all over
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the world and research on the influence of mobile phone in schools today has not been given much attention, thus the aim of this research is to assess the impact of mobile phones on the students' academic performance.
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This study intends to promote awareness of the impacts of mobile usage on the academic performance of the students. The findings of the study may help parents to supervise their children and limit their children’s exposure and usage of mobile phones to help them focus on their studies. This study may help teachers and professors to impose the classroom rules to minimize the mobile usage that may affect the students’ learning. This research may act as a basis for the schools to endorse the policy of regarding the usage of mobile phones within the school premises. This research will also serve as a reference for researchers who are interested in conducting a study related to this undertaking.
Scope and Limitation of the Study The scope of the study is to focus mainly on the impacts of mobile usage on the students’ academic performance among grade 7 students of Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School, Lumasal, Maasim, Sarangani Province. The study is limited to the respondents that are high school students and are enrolled in Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School for the school year 2017-2018. Questionnaires will be utilized in the conduct of this study which covers the respondents’ profile, the different types of mobile phones used by the students and the frequency of mobile usage and the school performance of grade 7 students.
Definition of Terms Mobile phone – is a wireless handheld device that allows users to make calls and send text messages, among other features.
Mobile phone usage – Academic Performance – is the extent to which a student, teacher or institution has achieved their short or long term educational goals.
Chapter II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Mobile phones have become an almost essential part of daily life since their rapid growth in popularity in the late 1990s. A nationwide survey conducted in 2010 shows that mobile phones are the most necessary medium of communication for adolescents. It has become a part of the culture of the whole world.
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Mobile Phone Mobile phones are telephones that are generally portable. It is a long-range, portable electronic device used for mobile communication. However, a cellphone is a term that we use nowadays to call a cellular phone. This is the name given to portable phones that use cellular technology. The early mobile phones provide basic calling and texting functionality. However, as technology progress, more functionality was added. To differentiate the basic mobile phones and the ones with more functionality, the term smartphone is now used worldwide (Yu 2014). A Smart phone is a mobile phone with an advanced mobile operating system that combines feature of a personal computer operating system with other features useful for mobile or handheld use. According to Rich Ling, the mobile phone has fundamentally affected our society, accessibility, safety, security, and coordination of social and business activities. It has become part of the culture of every region in the world. The uses of mobile phones are numerous and this includes keeping contact with friends, members of the family, conducting business and others.
Mobile Phone Brands in the Philippines
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Filipinos are known as avid cellphone lovers. We bring our mobile phones wherever we go. We use it in our daily activities and to communicate with the people we love. Here in the Philippines, these are the Top 10 Best Mobile Phone Brands in 2017 (Prado 2017): 1. Xaomi 2. Samsung 3. Oppo 4. Apple 5. Asus 6. Sony 7. Lenovo 8. LG 9. Cherry Mobile 10. CloudFone and MyPhone
Mobile Network Mobile networks are available almost all over the Philippines. In most places, only GPRS or GSM technology is available, while G3 (UTMS) networks are accessible only in the big urban areas of Manila, Cebu, and Davao.
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The following is the list of the mobile service providers here in the Philippines:
Globe Telecom
Globe is the country's provider of the largest 4G Network. Their core services are mobile voice (which can be used in local, national, and international long distance call services) and mobile SMS (for local and international offerings). It also holds prepaid brands such as Globe Prepaid (targeted for mainstream market) and TM (for value-conscious market). Globe also offers mobile data which allows subscribers for internet usage.
TM (Touch Mobile)
TM is a cellular service brand of Globe. It is meant to cater to the middle-income market including the lower-income groups too. They have affordable text and call promo offers which enable customers to communicate to other SIM-users at an affordable price. TM offers call cards, mobile internet, easy plan, and sim cards.
ABS-CBN Mobile
ABS-CBN Mobile is a mobile operator owned by the ABS-CBN Convergence Inc., a subsidiary of media conglomerate ABS-CBN Corporation. This uses Globe’s infrastructures through a network-sharing agreement. It offers prepaid and postpaid SMS, voice, data, landline connection, and access to exclusive contents of the i WANT TV app.
Smart Communications
Smart is known to have introduced “the world’s first electronic prepaid reloading service and the first 4G service in the Philippines." Smart offers prepaid, postpaid, internet service, mobile data, and other mobile plans in the country. Smart is also the operator behind Talk N Text (low-cost mobile service) and Sun Cellular.
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Talk N Text (TNT)
Talk N Text (TNT) is the low-cost mobile service offered by Smart. It offers multiple services in Internet, load, SMS, and other value-added services such as music, games, and downloads. It also released a new line in landline units called “Barangay Phone” that can text and call anywhere in the Philippines, which also functions as a community phone in centers.
Sun Cellular
Sun Cellular is another mobile service that is owned by PLDT which is also the operator of Smart. Sun Cellular is known for being the one which introduced unlimited text and
call
services in the Philippines. It offers voice, messaging, and international roaming services, wireless broadband, and value-added services meant to cater to its market.
Load Preference When buying a mobile number in the Philippines you can choose between prepaid and post-pay contracts. The prepaid mobile card is the most convenient solution if you don’t plan to make
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many phone calls. Extremely cheap mobile cards (or sim cards) are available all across the country. A post-paid mobile account is the best option if you use your phone for work or make many calls. This kind of contract has a limited number of free minutes; text messages etc., and charges the user a flat rate for any usage above that limit. The user is billed at the end of each month.
Students’ Performance in School
Related Studies Rabiu, H. et.al 2016 has conducted a study that employed a survey design in investigating the influence of mobile phone usage on academic performance among secondary school students in Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria. The sample population of the study was 300 respondents that were selected from the total population of 6,482 students. This study revealed that mobile phone usage significantly influenced the academic performance among male and female senior secondary school students. The age difference was not a significant factor in mobile phone usage
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on their academic performance among secondary school students. The parents’ occupation was also not a significant factor in mobile phone usage on academic performance among senior secondary school students. The frequency of mobile phone usage does not significantly influence academic performance among male and female senior secondary school students.
Another study was conducted by Soyemi Jumoke et. al 2015. This research work examines phone usage and identified the effects internet enabled mobile phones to have on the academic performance of students at the tertiary institutions using the Federal Polytechnic students of Ilaro, Ogun State in Nigeria as a case study. The research work was performed so as to understand and also find the correlation between academic performance of students and the usage of mobile phone during class hours which is general believed to be an avenue of
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distractions to students. The information from this work was carried out using structured questionnaires administered to 45 students to get their individual views. In addition, 15 extensive interviews were done concurrently to have a grounded knowledge of the students with the data
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gathered during the course of this study. Their findings indicated that students are influenced negatively to the great extent by the mobile phone because attention is focused on chatting, music, and others while their academic activities are neglected and left to suffer. Also, this study discovered that the use of mobile phone is uncontrollable among students which are leading cause of poor academic performance.
Lepp, A., Barkley, J., Karpinski, A. 2015 conducted a research based on the relationship between cell phone use and academic performance in a sample of U.S. College Students. This study assessed the relationship between cell phone use and actual college grade point average (GPA) after controlling for known predictors. As such, 536 undergraduate students from 82 selfreported majors’ at large, public university were sampled. A hierarchical regression demonstrated that cell phone use was significantly and negatively related to actual college GPA after controlling for demographic variables, self-efficacy for self-regulated learning, selfefficacy for academic achievement, and actual high school GPA, which were all significant predictors. Thus, after controlling for other established predictors, increased cell phone use was associated with decreased academic performance. Although more research is needed to identify the underlying mechanisms, findings suggest a need to sensitize students and educators about the potential academic risks associated with high-frequency cell phone use.
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According to John-Harmen Valk, Ahmed T. Rashid, Laurent Elder 2010 who conducted the study of using mobile phones to improve Educational Outcomes: An Analysis of Evidence from Asia. This study reviews the evidence of the role of the mobile phone-facilitated learning in contributing to improved educational outcomes in the developing countries of Asia by exploring the results of six mLearning pilot projects that took place in the Philippines, Mongolia, Thailand, India and Bangladesh. In particular, this article examines the extent to which the use of mobile phones helped to improve educational outcomes in two specific ways: 1) in improving access to education, and 2) in promoting new learning. Analysis of the projects indicates that while there is important evidence of mobile phones facilitating increased access, much less evidence exists as to how mobiles promote new learning.
Farley, H. et. al 2015 conducted a study of how do students use their mobile devices to support learning -a case study from an Australian Regional University. Though universities are eager to leverage the potential of mobile learning to provide learning flexibility, most balk at the cost of providing students with mobile hardware. The practice of “bring your own device” (BYOD) is often mooted as a cost-effective alternative. This paper provides a snapshot of student ownership of mobile devices at a regional Australian university. Our research shows that students do have access to and use a wide range of devices. However, the delivery of learning is challenged when students try to access materials and activities using these devices. Course materials are rarely optimized for use on smart phones, navigating websites and learning management systems become a scrolling nightmare, and interacting with other students is often impractical using prescribed systems. Most concerning is that none of the students surveyed were participating in educator-led mobile learning initiatives. The paper concludes with the proposal
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of some practical, low-cost tactics that educators could potentially employ to begin engaging with mobile learning, leveraging what students already do.
Chapter III METHODOLOGY Research Design
This study is a descriptive type of research. The researcher will use this research design to define and obtain information on the impacts of mobile phone usage on the students’ academic performance among grade 7 students in Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School, Lumasal, Maasim. Questionnaires and interview will be the key instruments for collecting data. The collected data will be recorded and analyzed to determine the impacts of mobile phone usage on the students’ academic performance.
Sample Population and Research Locale
The research will be conducted in Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School, Lumasal, Maasim Province which is located in Southeastern Mindanao between 05°52′N and 125°00′E (Figure ).
The respondents of the study will be the grade 7 students of Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School. There is an estimate of 200 grade 7 students that are presently enrolled for the school year 2017-2018.
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Sampling Design Stratified random sampling method will be used in this study so that each individual will have an equal and independent chance of being selected. The researcher will pick random 50 respondents from the whole population.
Research Design Instrument A structured questionnaire will be used to gather information from the respondents. The
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questionnaires were designed in 3 sections. Section ‘A’ consist of the respondents’ sociodemography, section ‘B’ contain questions based on the set objectives and the research hypothesis and section ‘C’ contain records of student performance accordingly. The questionnaire is a close ended one, whereby respondents were only allowed to choose their answers from the boxes provided.
Data Gathering Procedure
The data for this research will be collected using a survey questionnaire. The survey was created using suitable questions modified from related research and individual questions formed by the researcher. Fifty (50) copies of the questionnaires will be produced and administered by the researcher to the randomly selected students in Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School. The selected respondents will be asked to fill up or answer the questionnaire given. To minimize the errors in the completion of the questionnaire, the questions on the questionnaires particularly the difficult ones will be explained by the researcher to the respondents.
Data Processing Method All of the questionnaires will be collected and the answers of the respondents will be tabulated and recorded. The results will then be analyzed and interpreted.
Statistical Treatment The researcher will use Descriptive, Correlation, Cross Tabs and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance).
The Impact of Mobile Phone Usage on Their Academic Performance among Grade 7 Students Of Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School, Lumasal
General Instruction: The survey questionnaire is designed for the high school students in General Santos City. Your honest answer to the questionnaire is vital to the success of the survey. Part 1. Students Profile Data
Please fill and tick ( ) as appropriate in the space provided: 1. Age: [ ] 12 and below
[ ] 13
[ ] 14
[ ] 15
[ ] 16 and above
2. Occupation of Mother: ______________________ [ ] Below P5,000
Average Monthly Income: ________________ [ ] P5-7,000 [ ]P8-10,000 [ ] P10-15,000
Occupation of Father: ______________________ [ ] Below P5,000
Average Monthly Income: ________________ [ ] P5-7,000 [ ]P8-10,000 [ ] P10-15,000
3. Gender: [ ] Female [ ] Male 4. Tribe:
5. Religion:
[ ] Cebuano [ ] Tboli
[ ] Ilocano [ ] Bisaya
[ ] Blaan [ ] Ilonggo
[ ] Catholic [ ] Muslim
[ ] SDA [ ] Iglesia ni Cristo [ ] Protestant [ ] Alliance
[ ] Others: _____________ [ ] Others: _____________
Part 2. Mobile Phone 1. Do you have access to mobile phone?
[ ] Yes
2. If yes, how do you get access to it?
[ ] Own/ Personal
3. Which brand of cell phone do you use? [ ] Xaomi [ ] Samsung [ ] Oppo [ ] Sony [ ] Lenovo [ ] LG [ ] MyPhone [ ] Others : ________________ 4. What type of network do you use? [ ] Globe [ ] Touch Mobile
[ ] No [ ] Parents
[ ] Friends
[ ] Apple [ ] Cherry Mobile
[ ] Asus [ ] Cloudfone
[ ] Smart
[ ] Talk N Text
[ ] Sun Cellular
[ ] Browsing
[ ] Facebook
5. What types of load do you usually use? [ ] Prepaid [ ] Postpaid
6. Why do you use a mobile phone? [ ] Call and Text [ ] Gaming
7. How frequently do you use your mobile phone daily?
[ ] Research Commented [G36]: Inserted: ly
[ ] 1-2 hours
[ ] 3-4 hours
[ ] Half day
8. Do you bring your mobile phone at school?
[ ] Whole Day [ ] once a week
[ ] Yes [ ] No
9. Is the use of mobile phones in the school premises prohibited or allowed? [ ] Allowed [ ] Prohibited
Part 3. Students’ Academic Performance 1. Do you attend your classes every day?
[ ] Often
[ ] Rarely
[ ] Not Often
2. How many absences do you normally have each month? [ ] 1-2 Days [ ] 3-5 Days (Based on past experiences)
[ ] 5 &more
3. Do you go to school on time?
[ ] Early
[ ] On time
[ ] Late
4. Do you participate in school activities?
[ ] Often
[ ] Rarely
[ ] Not Often
5. Do you participate in class recitation and discussion? [ ] Often
[ ] Rarely
6. Do you submit your assignments and project on time? [ ] Yes
[ ] No
7. How many hours do you spend on studying? [ ] I do not study [ ] 1-2 Hours/day
[ ] Not Often
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[ ] 2 Hours and above
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8. Do you excel/pass the daily quizzes or examination? [ ] Pass
[ ] Fail
9. Do you perform better in school with the help of your mobile phone? [ ] Yes
Date:_________
[ ] Average [ ] No
Dear Respondents: Greetings! I am a student from South Point College of Arts and Technology - Gensan, as a requirement for our course, I am currently conducting a research about the impacts of mobile phone usage on academic performance among grade 7 students of Anecito Lopez Sr., National High School. In line with this, I have chosen you to be one of my respondents of this study and I hope that you will take time answering the questions honestly. Rest assured that all data gathered will be treated with utmost confidentiality and will be used for academic purposes only. I am looking forward to a friendly response to this request. Thank you for your cooperation.
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Sincerely yours,
Shielamie A. Basañez The Researcher
Noted By: Melinda Cartojano MST Research Adviser
