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Thermistor Wo Working Pr Principle In Instrumentation To Tools
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Thermistors
Thermistors are temperature sensitive semiconductors that exhibit a large ch in resistance over a relatively small range of temperature. There are two
types types of the therm rmis isto tors rs,, po posi siti tiv ve tempe tempera rature ture coef coeffi fici cient ent (PT (PTC) an and d neg
temper tem perature ature coef coeffic ficie ient nt (NTC). (NTC). NTC NTC thermist thermistors ors exhibi exhibitt the chara characte cteris ris
resistance falling with increasing temperature. These are most commonly use temperature measurement.
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Thermistors cannot be used to measure high temperatures compared to RTD fact, the maximum temperature of operation is sometimes only 100 or 200°C.
Manufacturers commonly provide resistance-temperature data in curves, tabl
polynomial expressions. Linearizing the resistance-temperature correlation m You're Reading a Preview accomplished with analog circuitry, or by the application of mathematics
digital computation. A typicalUnlock thermistor shown below. full access circuit with a freeistrial. Download With Free Trial
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Unlike RTDs and thermocouples, thermistors do not have standards associate with their resistance vs. temperature characteristics or curves. Consequently, there are many different ones to choose from.
Each thermistor material provides a different resistance vs. temperature “curv
Some materials provide better stability while others have higher resistances s they can be fabricated into larger or smaller thermistors.
Many manufactures list a Beta (B) constant between 2 temperatures (Exampl 0/50 = 3890). This, along with the resistance at 25°C (77°F) can be used to identity a specific thermistor curve.
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Unlock full access with a free to trial. Thermistor is a resistance thermometer, similar a Resistance Temperature
Detector (RTD) and is used fortemperature measurement . It consists of a Download With Free Trial
non-metallic resistor that is used as the temperature sensing element.
Thermistor is the short form for ‘Thermal Resistor’. The device consists of a
semiconductor device that acts as a resistor with a high and negative temper
co-efficient of resistance, sometimes as high as -6% per degree Celsius ri res temperature. Due to this property of high sensitivity (that is, huge Sign up to vote on this title
change for a small change in temperature), the is useful mainly applica Useful Not thermistor precision temperature measurement, temperature control, and temper
compensation, especially in a lower temperature range of -100 degree Celsi
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from -20 degree Celsius to +120 degree Celsius. But RTD’s are used over and larger temperature ranges. Construction The device is manufactured from materials like sintered mixtures of ox
metals such as manganese, nickel, cobalt, and iron. Their resistances range
0.4 ohms to 75 mega-ohms and they may be fabricated in wide variety of sh
and sizes. Smaller thermistors are in the form of beads of diameter from millimeters to 1.5 millimeters. Such a bead may be sealed in the tip of solid
rod to form probe which is easier to mount than bead. Alternatively thermistor
be in the form of disks and washers made by pressing thermistor material u high pressure into flat cylindrical shapes with diameter from 3 millimeters
millimeters. Washers may be stacked and placed in series or parallel to incr power disciplining capability. Characteristic Curve
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Thermistor as Temperature Sensor
A thermistor used for the measurement of temperature is shown in the f
below. The thermistor is designed to have a resistance of 2 kilo-ohms at 25 de Celsius and temperature coefficient of -4% per degree Celsius will reduction of 80 ohms per degree Celsius change in temperature.
The device is connected in series to a battery and a micrometer. A chan temperature causes a change in the resistance if the thermistor a corresponding micrometer current reading is noted. Usually, the me
calibrated in terms of temperature with 0.1 degree Celsius resolution. As sho
the figure, a bridge circuit is also used so as to increase the thermistors sensi Thermistor Types
For studying about the different types of thermistors, it is important to under the formula which shows the linear relationship between resistanc temperature. As a 1st order approximation, the change in resistance is equal to the 1s temperature co-efficient of resistance times the change in temperature. You're Reading a Preview
dR = k.dT
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where, dR – Change in Resistance
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k – 1st Order Temperature Coefficient of Resistance dT – Change in Temperature
If the value of temperature coefficient of resistance (k) is positive, anincrea Sign up to vote on this title
temperature increases the resistance. Such a device can be called a Posist Useful Not useful Positive Temperature Coefficient Thermistor (PTC). If the value of k is negativ
increase in temperature will decrease the resistance value. Such a device is c
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semi-conductive behavior as well. The device is known to have a transitio
“Curie” temperature. Until the device reaches that particular point, it sho negative
temperature
co-efficient
pattern
in
its
resistance-temp
characteristics. After this point, it starts to show an increasing positive temper
coefficient of resistance. At this point, the resistance also begins to develop main difference in the temperature-resistance curve between a silisto switching PTC Thermistor is shown below.
You're Reading a Preview Unlock full access with a free trial.
DownloadCharacteristic With Free Trial Resistance Temperature of Silistor and Switching Type PTC
Applications 1. The device is famous for its application as a circuit protecting device, such as a
up to to vote on this The flow of current through the device causesSign a heat build uptitle due to its res
the device, the device begins to property. Thus, if excessive current flows through Useful
Not useful
up accordingly and thus increases its resistance. This increase in resistance
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NTC Thermistors that are used in industries are broadly classified into two.
classification is based on the method by which the electrodes are placed o ceramic body. This main category could be further divided depending different types of geometries, shapes and processing methods. One of the categories that is most commonly used in the industries is the bea thermistors.
According to the shape and manufacturing methods
thermistors can be again classified into Bare Beads, Glass Coated Ruggedized Beads, and Bead in glass Enclosures and many more.
Another group of NTC Thermistors is the ones with metalized surface con
These thermistors can be mounted using spring contacts or by surface moun Applications
1. NTC thermistors are used for temperature measurements (usually in a narrow span low temperature ranges).
2. The device can be used to limit the sudden over current that flows in supply circuits device is known to have a very high value of resistance in the beginning. The resi
gradually decreases by the heating up of the device. As the resistance decreases
usual operation of the circuit is restored and the high current flows through it wi damaging other parts of the circuit.
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3. This device is used to measure the temperature of incubators. Unlock full access with a free trial.
4. NTC thermistors are used to measure and monitor batteries while they are ke charging.
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5. They are used to know the temperature of oil and coolant used inside autom engines. This information is sent back to the driver through indirect ways.
PTC & NTC Thermistors Comparison Thermistor,abbreviated for THERMally sensitiveSign resiSTOR. up to vote on this title
Useful Not useful PTC, abbreviated for Positive Temperature Coefficient. NTC, abbreviated for Negative Temperature Coefficient.
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control, etc.
Also Read: RTD Working Principle
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������ Unlock �� �full��������� ����� access with a free trial.
Instrumentation Professional Working in a reputed Oil & Gas Compa
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