the role of a criminal investigator

Running Runnin g head: THE ROLE OF A CRIMINAL INVESTIGAT INVESTIG ATOR OR

The Role of a Criminal Ine!"iga"or #radle$ Faulha%er Communi"$ College of #al"imore Coun"$& 'undal(

1

THE ROLE OF A CRIMINAL INVESTIGAT INVESTIG ATOR OR

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The Role of a Criminal Ine!"iga"or The role of a *riminal ine!"iga"or i! e!!en"ial and indi!+en!a%le "o our *riminal ,u!"i*e !$!"em "oda$- The!e men and .omen are "he one! re!+on!i%le for ga"hering/ do*umen"ing/ and ealua"ing eiden*e and informa"ion from a *rime- Their ul"ima"e goal i! "o di!*oer "he "ru"hThe "ru"h of .ha" ha++ened/ ho. i" ha++ened/ and .h$ i" ha++ened- In "hi! +a+er/ I am going "o de"ail .hen a *riminal ine!"iga"or i! needed/ .ha" ma(e! a de*en" *riminal ine!"iga"or/ and "he +ro*e!!e! of "he *riminal ine!"iga"ion from "he "he on!e" of a *rime "o ad,udi*a"ionCriminal Investigator The Need and Responsibilities of a Criminal investigator. In !hor"/ a *riminal

ine!"iga"or i! !omeone .ho ga"her!/ do*umen"!/ and ealua"e! eiden*e and informa"ion .i"h "he ul"ima"e goal of di!*oering "he "ru"h 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ Ta$lor/ )21)3- The$ are needed mainl$ .hen felonie! and mi!demeanor! hae %een *ommi""ed- 4no.ing "ha"/ *riminal ine!"iga"or! mu!" %e .ell er!ed and hae a .or(ing (no.ledge of !u%!"an"ie and +ro*edural *riminal la.- O"her goal! of a *riminal ine!"iga"or are "o e!"a%li!h e!"a%li!h "ha" a *rime .a! a*"uall$ *ommi""ed/ iden"i"$ and a++rehend !u!+e*"!/ and hel+ in "he +ro!e*u"ion of *harged !u!+e*"! 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ Ta$lor/ )21)3A Decent Criminal investigator. There are man$ 5uali"ie! "ha" ma(e a de*en" *riminal

ine!"iga"or- #eing a *ri"i*al "hin(er/ %eing highl$ e"hi*al/ a++ro+ria"el$ and effe*"iel$ u!ing indu*"ie and dedu*"ie rea!oning/ %eing .ell *ul"ured/ and %eing in "ou*h and a.are of one!/ and o"her!/ emo"ion! and an d %ia! are "o name a fe. 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ Ta$lor/ )21)3#u"/ +o!!i%le "he !ingle mo!" !ough" af"er 5uali"$ "ha" ma(e! a de*en" *riminal ine!"iga"or i! a !"rong !en!e of !elf&di!*i+line- Thi! one 5uali"$ i! e!!en"ial "o eer$ !u**e!!ful ine!"iga"or- Self& di!*i+line/ %$ defini"ion/ i! 6"he a%ili"$ "o ma(e $our!elf do "hing! "ha" !hould %e done7


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0Merriam&9e%!"er 0Merriam&9e%!"er// )213- A de*en" *riminal ine!"iga"or i! no" la;$- The$ .or( for eer$ +ie*e of eiden*e and informa"ion "he$ find and ma(e "hem!ele! .or( on a *a!e %$ !heer .ill+o.erOne!< !elf&di!*i+line *an %e "he differen*e! %e".een *a"*hing a lead and !oling a *a!e or haing ha ing a *a!e go un!oledPreliminary Investigation

The +reliminar$ ine!"iga"ion i! "he "ime during "he di!*oer$ o f a *rime/ u!uall$ %$ a uniformed offi*er/ and %efore "he *riminal ine!"iga"or ge"! "o "he *rime !*ene 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ Ta$lor/ )21)3- From "hi!/ "he ine!"iga"or .ill ge" a re+or" from "he re!+onding offi*er0!3 a! "o .ha" +oli*e a*"ion! .ere "a(en/ and .ho .a! in"erie.ed- The!e are (e$ +oin"! of (no.ledge for *riminal ine!"iga"or! "o (no. "o !"ar" %uilding "heir ine!"iga"ionActions Taken by Responding Officers!. 'uring a +reliminar$ ine!"iga"ion/

re!+onding offi*er! migh" hae "o "a(e a*"ion0!3 "o render a !*ene !afe- 'oing !o/ "he$ mu!" do "heir %e!" "o +a$ a""en"ion "o de"ail! and *ir*um!"an*e! of "he !*ene/ !u*h a! doe! a "a*"i*al or ho!"ile !i"ua"ion e=i!"/ are "here +eo+le or ehi*le! fleeing "he !*ene/ i! emergen*$ *are needed for i*"im0!3/ .ere an$ !u!+e*"! de"ained or arre!"ed> If !o/ do*umen" all a*"ion! "ha" .ere "a(en "o defu!e "he "a*"i*al or ho!"ile !i"ua"ion/ and no"e all +eo+le or ehi*le! fleeing "he !*ene- If emergen*$ *are .a! +roided/ no"e ho. "he !*ene .a! %efore *are .a! +roided and if "he !u!+e*"0!3 i! d$ing/ "r$ "o o%"ain a d$ing de *lara"ion- Al!o/ Al!o/ if an$ !u!+e*" .ere de"ained or arre!"ed/ ar"i*ula"e $our rea!ona%le !u!+i*ion or +ro%a%le *au!e for doing !o- Al"hough/ "r$ing "o +re!ere all eiden*e a" "he *rime !*ene i! ideal/ no"e all eiden*e or +o"en"ial eiden*e "ha" .a! lo!" or de!"ro$ed during "he!e a*"ion!Preliminary Investigation Intervie"s. I" i! im+or"an" for "he re!+onding offi*er0!3 "o

*ondu*ed in"erie.! and ga"her informa"ion 5ui*(l $- 'oing !o/ "he$ .ill +o!!i%l$ %e a%le "o +u"


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A" i"! *ore/ a *rime !*ene i! "he lo*a"ion in .hi*h an offen!e0!3 o**urred 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ )21)3- A *rime !*ene ine!"iga"ion i! "he ine!"iga"ion of a *rime !*ene- Thi! o**ur! .hen a *riminal ine!"iga"or arrie! "o "he !*ene/ "hu! ending "he +reliminar$ ine!"iga"ion- The lead *riminal ine!"iga"or i! re!+on!i%le for "he *oordina"ion and e=e*u"ion of ine!"iga"ing and *olle*"ing eiden*e- The$ are re!+on!i%le for "he ine!"iga"ion +lan/ delega"ing ,o%! and du"ie! a" "he !*ene/ *on"a*"ing an$ !+e*iali;ed +er!onal needed/ o%"aining an$ legal do*umen"! needed/ and "he *olle*"ion of eiden*eCrime #cene Coordination. The *oordina"ion of a *rime !*ene i! a" "he hear" of an

ine!"iga"ion- 9ha" i! done/ and ho. i" i! done/ .ill de"ermine "he re!ul"! gained %$ eiden*eFir!"l$/ "he lead *riminal ine!"iga"or .ill *ondu*" a 6.al(&"hrough7 of "he !*ene 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ )21)3- 'oing !o/ "he$ .ill e!"a%li!h +rimar$ and !e*ondar$ !*ene!/ and e!"a%li!h a !ear*h +a""ern- Al!o/ "he$ .ill iden"if$ an$ (no.n ha;ard! and a++l$ !afe"$ +re*au"ion! "o !u*h- Fur"hermore/ af"er *ondu* "ing "he 6.al(&"hrough7/ "he$ .ill o%"ain an$ !ear*h .arran"!/ *on"a*" "he *oroner or medi*al e=aminer/ *on"a*" foren!i*!/ and o%"ain an$ !+e*iali;ed +er!onal 0e-g- gang gan g e=+er"/ "ran!la"or!/ !(e"*h ar"i!"3 all a! neededSe*ondl$/ af"er *ondu*"ing a *rime !*ene 6.al(&"hrough7/ "he lead *riminal ine!"iga"or .ill delega"e ,o%! and du"ie!- Some +er!onnel .ill %e a!!igned "o *ondu*" in"erie.!@ in"erroga"ion! of .i"ne!!@ !u!+e*"! 0all !u!+e*" mu!" %e Mirandi;ed %efore an in"erroga"ion3


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09al(er 09al(er  del Carmen/ )2113- Some .ill %e a!!igned "o *rime !*ene do*umen"a"ion- E=am+le! of "hi! are *rime !*ene en"r$ log!/ admini!"ra"ie log!/ a!!ignmen" log!/ and eiden*e log! "o name a fe.- Al!o/ Al!o/ digi"al ideo and digi"al !"ill +ho"ogra+h$ log! .ill need "o %e (e+" "o do*umen" all finding! fir!" hand- La!"l$/ o"her! .ill *ondu*" "he !ear*h +a""ern loo(ing for an$ eiden*e$%ec&tion of Coordination. The ne=" !"e+ i! "o e=e*u"e "he *oordina"ion +lan- The goal

of "hi! i! "o o%"ain eiden*e- Eiden*e *ome! in man$ differen" form!/ %u" a" a *rime !*ene +h$!i*al eiden*e i! mo!" li(el$ "o %e found- Bh$!i*al eiden*e in*lude!/ %u" no" limi"ed "o/ foo" +rin"!/ finger+rin"!/ gla!!/ gla!!/ +ain"/ fi%er!/ do*umen"!/ .ea+on!/ "ool!/ and 'NA- 9hen *olle*"ing !aid eiden*e/ i" mu!" %e do*umen"ed and +ho"ogra+hed e=a*"l$ .here and ho. !u*h eiden*e .a! found- Af"er do*umen"a"ion/ "he eiden*e mu!" %e *olle*"ed +ro+erl$/ en"ered in"o "he eiden*e log/ and e!"a%li!h a *hain of *u!"od$ on "ha" eiden*e e iden*e 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ Ta$lor/ )21)3- Eiden*e "o %eing !en" off "o a la% for "e!"ing mu!" % e +ro+erl$ +a*(aged and !igned off %$ "he lead ine!"iga"or "o do !o- In doing !o/ "he *hain of *u!"od$ log mu!" refle*" a! %eing !en" "o "he la%- Al!o/ Al!o/ a! eiden*e i! di!*oered a" a *rime !*ene/ "he lead ine!"iga"or .ill al"er "heir original *oordina"ion +lan "o fo*u! on !u*h lead!Releasing a Crime #cene. #efore a !*ene *an %e relea!ed/ all a!!ignmen" mu!" hae %een

*om+le"ed and all +eo+le mu!" %e a**oun"ed for- All All "ool! and e5ui+men" mu!" %e *olle*"ed/ *o lle*"ed/ and an$ de%ri! *au!ed %$ "he ine!"iga"ion mu!" %e *leaned u+- On*e "he !*ene i! relea!ed "o "he o.ner or +u%li*/ re"urning for fur"her +h$!i*al eiden*e or +ro*e!!ing i! no" +o!!i%le a! o"her +eo+le .ill *on"amina"e "he !*ene 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ Ta$lor/ )21)3'ollo"(&p Investigation


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Af"er "he ine!"iga"ion of "he *rime !*ene and i"! relea!e/ all o"her ine!"iga"ie ma""er! are +ar" of "he follo.&u+ ine!"iga"ion- Some a*"ion! "a(en during "hi! are in"erie.ing or rein"erie.ing of .i"ne!!/ in"erroga"ion of +o"en"ial !u!+e*"!/ o%"aining of la% re!ul"!/ +re+aring for *our" and *our" "e!"imon$0Re!intervie"ing and Interrogating. The goal of an in"erie. and an in"erroga"ion i! "o o%"ain informa"ion and fa*"! 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ Ta$lor/ )21)3- #u" fir!"/ .e mu!" di!"ingui!h "he legal differen*e! %e".een an in"erie. and an in"erroga"ion- In an in"erie./ +oli*e are allo.ed "o 5ue!"ion $ou .i"hou" *oun*il +re!en" and do no" inform $ou of $our righ"!In an in"erroga"ion/ $ou are in "he *u!"od$ of "he +oli*e and "he$ mu!" read $ou $our Miranda righ"! %efore an$ 5ue!"ioning 09al(er 09al(er  del Carmen/ )2113- Failure "o do !o .ill re!ul" in inadmi!!i%le !"a"emen" in *our"For 0re3in"erie.!/ ine!"iga"or! mu!" %e a%le "o de"ermine if "he .i"ne!! i! relia%leMul"i+le fa*"or! *ome in"o +la$ !u*h a! "he !ignifi*an*e! of een"!/ leng"h of "ime o%!ered/ *ondi"ion!/ and +h$!i*al *ondi"ion of "he .i"ne!!- In a *riminal "rial/ a defen!e! la.$er .ill "r$ "o di!*redi" a .i"ne!!

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eiden*e/ *ir*um!"an*e!/ +o!!i%le modu! o+erandi/ and la% re!ul"! on "he *a!e 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor/ )21)3Preparing for Co&rt and Te Testimony. stimony. I" i! im+or"an" "o (no. during "he ine!"iga"ion "he

%urden of +roof need for a *oni*"ion in a *riminal +ro*eeding/ +roof %e$ond a rea!ona%le dou%"Thi! i! a mu*h higher %urden of +roof "han "ha" needed for an a n arre!"- Al"hough Al"hough ine!"iga"or! ma$ +u" a lo" of "ime and effor" in"o a *a!e/ "he +ro!e*u"or ma$ den$ filing *riminal *riminal *harge! again!" a !u!+e*" %e*au!e "he$ don<" "hin( "he eiden*e *olle*"ed .ill *onin*e a ,ur$ %e$ond a rea!ona%le9hile +re+aring *harge!/ i" i! im+or"an" for "he ine!"iga"or and +ro!e*u"or "o *olla%ora"e and de"ermined .ha" dire*"ion "o "a(e in "he ine!"iga"ion- 'oing !o/ "he$ *an "r$ "o iden"if$ e!!en"ial eiden*e and informa"ion needed for a +o!!i%le *oni*"ionTe!"imon$ Te!"imon$ i! ano"her im+or"an" "ool u!ed during a *our" +ro*eeding- Te!"imon$ Te!"imon$ for a *riminal ine!"iga"or .ill !ho. "he 5uali"$/ 5u ali"$/ or la*( "hereof/ of "heir ine!"iga"ion- The$ mu!" al!o hae a .or(ing (no.ledge of *urren" *riminal la. and ar"i*ula"e .ha" "he$ did/ .h$ "he$ did i"/ and .a! i" legal "o do- Ine!"iga"or!/ and offi*er!/ offi*er!/ are allo.ed "o hae and u!e u!e no"e!@re+or"! on "he !"and 0S.an!on/ Chamelin/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/  Ta$lor Ta$lor// )21)3- 'ue "o "he na"ure of +oli*e .or(/ man$ *a!e! are er$ !imilar and "he$ ma$ need "o refre!h "heir memor$ a%ou" "he *a!e- Thi! i! no" "o %e u!ed "o !olel$ read from- The ine!"iga"or mu!" inde+enden"l$ re*all main +oin"! of "he *a!eConcl&sion

In *on*lu!ion/ %eing a *riminal ine!"iga"or i! no" $our eer$da$ nine&"o&fie ,o%- An in*redi%le amoun" of a""en"ion "o de"ail/ (no.ledge of la%ora"or$ *a+a%ili"ie!/ (no.ledge of la./ and *ommuni*a"ion !(ill! are needed- A lo" goe! in"o ine!"iga"ing and %uilding a *a!e "o go "o "rial- The$ gie u+ .ee(end/ nigh"!/ and holida$! "o !ole *a!e!- #u" "o "hem/ i"
THE ROLE OF A CRIMINAL INVESTIGAT INVESTIG ATOR OR References

Gaine!/ L- 4-/  Miller/ R- L- 0)213- CJ3. S"amford: CJ3. S"amford: Cengage LearningMerriam&9e%!"er- 0)213- Self-disciplineSelf-discipline- Re"rieed from Merriam&9e%!"er 9e% !i"e: h""+:@@...-merriam&.e%!"er h""+:@@...-merriam&.e%!"er-*om@di*"ionar$@!elfdi! -*om@di*"ionar$@!elfdi!*i+line *i+line S.an!on/ C- R-/ Chamelin/ N- C-/ Terri"o/ Terri"o/ L-/  Ta$lor/ Ta$lor/ R- 9- 0)21)3-Criminal 0)21)3- Criminal Investigation. Ne. or(: or(: M*Gra.&HillM*Gra.&Hill9al(er/ - T-/  del Carmen/ R- V- 0)2113- Briefs 0)2113- Briefs of Leading Cases in Law Enforcement Enforcement 8th edition. 9al"ham: edition. 9al"ham: Ander!on-

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the role of a criminal investigator

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