Classic Era Miskatonic University-based scenario by Derek MayneDescripción completa
the best novel of the franceFull description
Printable player handouts for The Strange.
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The Governor and the BuddhistFull description
THE PARTICIPLE FORMS There are two participles in Modem English participle I !the present participle" and participle II !the past participle"# Participle Participle I Tense %on&Per'ect %on&Per'ect Per'ect
Acti$e
Passi$e
writing
(eing written written
ha$ing written
ha$ing (een written
Participle II
written
PARTICIPLE I The paradigm o' participle I shows that its grammatical 'orms are homon)mo*s to those o' the ger*nd# The distinction (etween participle I and ger*nd is made on the (asis o' meaning and '*nction# Participle I e+presses an action as characteri,ing a person or a thing !li-e an ad.ecti$e" or as modi')ing another action !li-e an ad$er("# The ger*nd e+presses an action in its most general sense/ act*all) naming it/ and/ 'or this reason/ loo-s more li-e a no*n than an ad.ecti$e or an ad$er(# 0oth participle I and ger*nd can (e *sed in the '*nctions o' attri(*tes and ad$er(ial modi'iers/ the di''erence (eing that participle I is not preceded () prepositions# !1" As attri(*te participle I can either precede a no*n or 'ollow it# It was pleasant to loo- at the rising sun. sun. The dancing people were (ea*ti'*ll) dressed# She tried to calm the crying child# child# 2hen *sed in post&position/ 1participle I/ as a r*le/ has one —
or more accompan)ing words# He came *p to the policeman standing at the corner. The room was '*ll o' people waiting for the doctor. I want to write a (oo- summing up the results of my experiments. % o t e that the attri(*ti$e '*nction o' participle I is proper onl) to its non&per'ect acti$e 'orm# Participle I as attri(*te corresponds to the R*ssian present participle o' the acti$e $oice 34564789:: 54;<=:> ?@<=B9@8 7:3D@> ;B7/ 47@B9: 3G@@> D4<:G:<=8/ JG464789@8 3 K@G:# The meaning o' priorit) e+pressed () the R*ssian past participle acti$e !D4<:G:<=8/ JG46473@8 3 K@G:" is con$e)ed () an attri(*ti$e cla*se in English# The con'erence that recently took place in Paris was de$oted to radio&electronics# Or compare the 'ollowing two sentences The man making the report is a good spea-er# The man who made the report is a good spea-er# A participial constr*ction *sed as a postpositi$e attri(*te is s)non)mo*s to an attri(*ti$e cla*se/ the latter (eing more con$ersational# !" As ad$er(ial modi'ier participle I is *sed to e+press relations o' !a" time Coming up to the door I 'o*nd it loc-ed# Having said all he -new the witness le't the (o+# Having been awa) so long he was happ) to (e coming (ac-# The 'orms *sed here e+press priorit)# Participle I in the '*nction o' an ad$er(ial modi'ier o' time e+pressing an action sim*ltaneo*s with the action o' the 'inite $er( is o'ten preceded () the con.*nction when or while.
While travelling one sees a lot o' interesting things# He came across this e+pression when reading a newspa& per# % o t e that the $er( to be in the 'orm o' participle I non& per'ect sho*ld not (e treated as an ad$er(ial modi'ier o' time> it is *sed to denote an ad$er(ial modi'ier o' ca*se# Being very tired he soon 'ell asleep# N7 5?@;### Q5?@3### @D D@D 4< 5?@;### The cla*se o' time 47@ 8 U; 5?7:4 can (e e+pressed in English () V2hen a st*dent###W or V2hen I was a st*dent###W# !(" ca*se Being a 'oreigner she co*ldnXt get acc*stomed to it# Having lived in the co*ntr) 'or man) )ears/ he spo-e English witho*t a 'oreign accent# Knowing what she did she co*ldnXt tr*st him# Participle constr*ctions *sed as ad$er(ial modi'iers o' time and ca*se are replaced () ad$er(ial cla*ses in spo-en English# Having learnt the sad news she got *pset# Y She got *pset as she learnt the sad news# !c" manner He waited growing more and more impatient. Z*ring the war he had made a name/ working in one o' the Admiralt) scienti'ic departments# !d" comparison 2hen *sed in this '*nction participle I is introd*ced () the con.*nctions as if or as though. He stood still 'or a min*te as if debating with himsel'# He stopped at the door&wa) as if hesitating what to do ne+t# She loo-ed at me in s*rprise as though not believing m) stor)#
![" The
*se o' participle I as predicati$e is rare in Modern
English# The roar o' the engines was deafening. !\" Participle I o' $er(s o' motion/ s*ch as run !ump dance etc# 'ollowing the $er( to come sho*ld (e treated as part o' a compo*nd $er(al predicate# The (o) came running in !3U:@;"# The dog came !umping to its master !J47U:@;@"# !]" Participle I occ*rs in a n*m(er o' set&phrases in the '*nction o' parenthesis !udging by... frankly speaking etc# PARTICIPLE II ^nli-e all other $er(al 'orms/ participle II is *nchangea(le# It e+presses the res*lt o' an action !_*alit) or state" rather than an action itsel'# It has no tense distinctions (*t in speech it denotes sim*ltaneo*sness or priorit)/ which depends on the le+ical meaning o' the $er( and the conte+t# I read the note written in French# The children were pla)ing watched () the n*rse# I con'ined m) reports to a 'ew lines sent e$er) two or three da)s# Participle II o' transiti$e $er(s has a passi$e meaning a broken chair !G@`U?"/ the method used !5J4;b`43@<<"# The s)ntactical '*nctions o' participle II are the 'ollowing !1" Attri(*te In this '*nction participle II corresponds to the R*ssian passi$e participle and either precedes or 'ollows the no*n modi'ied# It ma) (e *sed with or witho*t accompan)ing words The stolen papers were ne$er 'o*nd# It is a (ea*ti'*ll) writ ten poem# The pro(lem discussed is o' great importance# The news published on the 'ront page is
$er) interesting# A constr*ction with participle II in post&position is more 'ormal than an attri(*ti$e cla*se !VThe pro(lem we are discussing...""# or VThe news that was published...$%. !" Ad$er(ial modi'ier In this '*nction participle II is *s*all) introd*ced () the con.*nctions when while if as if as though though etc# 2hen *sed witho*t a con.*nction it ma) (e treated either as an ad$er(ial modi'ier or as a detached attri(*te# &xhausted () the long .o*rne) he soon 'ell asleep# @D D@D 4< U; ?4;:<### !Q?4;:<<###" Participle II can (e *sed as an ad$er(ial modi'ier o' !a" time When shown the letter she con'essed e$er)thing# When interviewed he re'*sed to answer this _*estion# !(" condition He ne$er spo-e unless spoken to. The crime/ if discovered might cost )o* a death sentence# !c" manner or comparison I did as re'uested. She did not see me as if blinded by her miser)# !d" concession (hough exhausted () the sleepless night he went on with his e+periment# Her spirit/ though crushed was not (ro-en# Participle II in its ad$er(ial '*nction (elongs to literar) or 'ormal st)le# COMPLEX OBJECT (THE OBJECTIVE WITH THE PARTICIPLE) It consists o' a no*n in the common case or a prono*n in the o(.ecti$e case participle I or II# !a" 2ith $er(s o' sense perception )see hear etc#"
participle I is mostl) *sed# I saw her smoking a cigarette# 2e 'elt the ho*se shaking in the wind# % o t e # As is -nown/ the In'initi$e can also (e 'o*nd in this constr*ction# Compare the 'ollowing sentences# She heard him come in# She heard him coming in# There is a slight di''erence (etween the two 'orms# The in'initi$e can onl) (e *sed 'or a completed action while participle I is *sed 'or (oth a complete and incomplete action and is there'ore m*ch more o'ten *sed# Participle II *sed in the same constr*ction has a passi$e meaning# I saw the l*ggage weighed. He heard his name mentioned in the con$ersation# !(" 2ith $er(s have and want participle II is *sed to denote something done () someone else# I want it done well# I m*st ha$e my hair cut. She had her photograph taken. I wonXt ha$e a fuss made o$er s*ch nonsense# COMPLEX SUBJECT (THE NOMINATIVE WITH THE PARTICIPLE) It consists o' a no*n in the common case or a prono*n in the nominati$e case participle I or II# This constr*ction 'orms one part o' a sentence# The predicate o' a sentence containing it is generall) e+pressed () a $er( o' sense perception )see hear feel watch notice% *sed in the passi$e $oice# (hey were heard speaking in a li$el) manner# He was seen surrounded () a gro*p o' newsmen# This constr*ction is mostl) *sed in literar) or scienti'ic writing and in news stories#
ABSOLUTE PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION (THE ABSOLUTE NOMINATIVE CONSTRUCTION) The pec*liarit) o' this constr*ction is that it has a s*(.ect o' its own e+pressed () a no*n in the common case !or more rarel) () the prono*ns it or this. The second component is e+pressed () participle I or II# This constr*ction is s)non)mo*s to an ad$er(ial cla*se# It is m*ch more o'ten *sed in literar) and scienti'ic st)le/ than in spo-en English# The a(sol*te nominati$e constr*ction can (e *sed as an ad$er(ial modi'ier o' !a" time (hings packed we started o''# !(" ca*se or reason (his being so urgent we m*st reconsider o*r decision# (he situation being so grave *rgent meas*res had to (e ta-en# !c" condition !rare" Weather permitting we shall go to the co*ntr)# *ranted health he ma) still li$e to pa) o'' his de(ts# !d" manner or attending circ*mstances The Zemocratic Part) is cond*cting a series o' meetings/ speakers receiving warm applause. The delegates were represented () whites and %egroes/ a third of them being youth. 2hen an a(sol*te participial constr*ction is *sed in this '*nction/ it ma) (e introd*ced () the prepositions with or without. The resol*tion was adopted () a ma.orit) o' ][ against 1 with + abstaining. The) co*ld not go ahead/ without their plan being approved by the management. % o t e that there ma) also (e a(sol*te constr*ctions witho*t a participle/ the second element (eing e+pressed ()
an ad.ecti$e/ a no*n with a preposition or an ad$er(# (he preliminaries over we (egan to tal- (*siness# 2e 'o*nd him l)ing dead in the alle)/ face downward. In the dead o' the night m) host (*rst into m) room/ a lamp in his hand. NOTES ON RENDERING THE ENGLISH PARTICIPLE IN RUSSIAN !1" The main '*nctions o' the participle in a sentence are those o' attri(*tes or ad$er(ial modi'iers and/ 'or this reason/ it is most 're_*entl) rendered in R*ssian () JG@5?: or 7::JG@5?:# 2e canXt sit () closing o*r e)es to the impending danger# <: 4: JG@`7<4 57:?b/ ,-/01 ;@`@ <: 378 <@73@B9:58 4J@5<45?# The meas*res were directed against trade&*nions acting in de'ence o' their rights# f? :G U; <@JG@3;:< JG4?3 JG454B`43/ 102345-6789 3 `@9? 5346 JG@3# 2e made a mista-e getting involved there# 57:;@; 4UD/ 11:,-1;82< 3 ?4 7:;4# !" Howe$er/ it is not alwa)s possi(le to *se these 'orms in R*ssian translation# In man) cases s*(ordinate cla*ses are *sed in R*ssian to render English participles# Sometimes it is done 'or st)listical reasons# The police station referred to in the report was Hornse) Road police station and not Hornse) police station as published. K4;=:5D @5?4D/ 45=>:?430@ 3 74D;@7:/ U; @5?4D 4G<5 47/ @ 3435: <: @5?4D 4G<5/ - =A 3=> 2==A7-=2< 1 D-,E3E. ![" Another reason wh) a s*(ordinate cla*se will (e *sed in R*ssian translation is that no participle can (e 'ormed 'rom the corresponding R*ssian $er(# Films starring Elisa(eth Ta)lor were estimated to ha$e
had the greatest (o+&o''ice appeal# N;4 J475?@<4/ ?4 ;b/ 3 =3=/09 D-1?46 /=< 825=?:f;`@U:? :;4G/ 7:;@; <@U4;b: 5U4G# !\" Predicati$e constr*ctions with the participle !i# e# the comple+ o(.ect and the comple+ s*(.ect" are nearl) alwa)s translated into R*ssian () s*(ordinate cla*ses# The air attachj said he wo*ld arrange to have me flown to Paris without delay. k4:<<4&34`7< @??@: 5D@`@;/ ?4 4< J4`@U4??58 4 ?4/ F3=A0 >E?: AE, 5/=>EGE?8: G=23-188 ?- 2->=E3E 1 -/8I. JE was photographed addressing a student meeting at the campus. @ 4?4 U;4 37<4/ - =? 102345-E3 ?234GE?FE2=> >838?DE 1= G1=/E 4?81E/283E3-. !]" A(sol*te constr*ctions ha$e no e_*i$alents in R*ssian# There'ore the) are *s*all) rendered () means o' s*(ordinate or coordinate cla*ses# ll things considered the o''er seems reasona(le# L28 4FE23< 12E 23=/=?0 GE- JG:7;4:<: JG:75?@3;8:?58 3J4;<: JG:;:# With so little time left now there is no time 'or dela)# M/E>E?8 =23-=2< 28;=> >-= :7;?b U4;b: <:;b`8# Newspapers being a Big Business the $iews o' newspaper owners are the $iews o' 0ig 0*siness# =2=<4 D-,E30 :1:632: F-23<6 A=<;=D= A8,?E2- :5?:5?3:<<4/ ?4 6 3;@7:;b= 3G@@B? ED= 8O= =AE,=A/-IE??=E 1 /E,4<3-3E ?E2F-23?=D= 24F-: 8,>E?8=2< G= ?E4,?-1-E>=238.
. Qtate the form and function of the participle. (ranslate the sentences into Russian. 1# The actress starring in the 'ilm is $er) )o*ng# # He spent all spare time training 'or the contest# [# Entering the room the detecti$e 'o*nd it empt)# \# nowing the harm'*l e''ects o' the ra)s the) too- special preca*tions# ]# The ho*se-eeper m*st ha$e heard her mistress tal-ing with the $isitor# # The girl was photographed addressing the st*dents meeting# # The) loo-ed at her in s*rprise as tho*gh not (elie$ing her stor)# q# 2hile gi$ing e$idence the witness a$oided loo-ing at the acc*sed# # The) carried o*t a n*m(er o' e+periments *sing the most *p&to&date methods and e_*ipment# 1# Ha$ing completed the e+periments the) compared the res*lts# 11# Special mention m*st (e made o' the e+tensi$e research now (eing cond*cted in (io&chemistr)# 1# The Israeli $essels were seen sailing toward Port Said# 1[# The participants o' the con'erence achie$ed *nit) on the main _*estions a''ecting peace in E*rope# 1\# Ending the disc*ssion/ the delegates adopted a resol*tion calling on the peoples o' E*rope to ta-e action 'or collecti$e sec*rit)# 0# 1# V2ill )o* gi$e me a handW VO' co*rse 2hat do )o* want doneW # 2e m*st ha$e some pict*res made o' the e+act position where the (od) was 'o*nd# [# 2e tried all the methods recommended# \# The article re'erred to was p*(lished in the latest iss*e o' the u%at*reX# ]# All people concerned are to s*(mit papers to the Committee# # A list o' commonl) *sed terms s*ggested () Zr Stanle) vill was circ*lated# # The t)pe o' a cla*se chosen in translation ma) (e determined () s)ntactical reasons# q# The disco$er) made () the scientist is o' $ital importance 'or space e+ploration# # The) were pla)ing 'oot(all watched () the coach# 1# The A#
pro(lem ma) (e considered sol$ed# 11# 0itterl) disappointed/ the e+plorers set o*t on the ret*rn .o*rne)# 1# The children were ta*ght not to spea- to the grown&*ps *nless spo-en to# 1[# The game/ i' lost/ might cost him a 'ort*ne# 1\# The) did all/ as instr*cted# 1]# Zo )o* thin- we ma) regard the matter as settled 1# 2hen inter$iewed/ the scientist re'*sed to comment on the latest disco$er)# 1# 2hen completed/ the new (*ilding will ho*se all the (asic la(oratories# C# 1# 0eing a 'oreigner she 'o*nd it di''ic*lt to *nderstand English spo-en o*tside classroom# # Towering in 'ront o' the e+plorers/ rose a great range o' mo*ntains co$ered with ice# [# In the tent there was a letter addressed to Captain Scott sa)ing V2elcome to the Pole# 2ith -ind regards# Roald Am*ndsen#W \# The danger/ represented () the possi(ilit) o' armed con'lict in E*rope/ (ringing with it the possi(ilit) o' n*clear war/ weighed hea$il) on the peoples o' E*rope# II# (ransform each pair of sentences into a complex sentence or a simple sentence with a participial construction where possible. 1# The) were _*arrelling in the ad.oining room# ZidnXt )o* hear it # His name was o'ten mentioned in the con$ersation# I heard it# [# Peter was in London at that time# He o'ten $isited the 0ritish M*se*m# \# Helen is a 'oreigner# She canXt *nderstand spo-en English# ]# The children were pla)ing in the garden# The) were (eing watched () the n*rse# # Zr 0rown operated on me 'or appendicitis# He is dead now# # The 'ilm VM) Fair Lad)W was starring A*dre) Hep(*rn# It was great s*ccess# q# VLoo- 0ac- in AngerW is a pla)# It is written () ohn Os(orn# # Anthon) Richardson directed the pla)# He is )o*ng and talented# 1# The con'erence is de$oted to the pro(lems o' ecolog)# It is (eing attended () o$er scientists# 11# O$er scientists are attending the
con'erence# The) are all e+perts on the pro(lems o' ecolog)# 1# The res*lts o' the research ha$e (een reported at the con'erence# The) are o' $ital importance# 1[# The con'erence too- place in Paris earl) in the month# It was widel) commented on in the press# III# Choose the correct form !&ing or &ed" of the words in brackets. 1# ZonXt (other to read that (oo-# ItXs !(oring/ (ored"# # The st*dents are !interesting/ interested" in learning more a(o*t the s*(.ect# [# Mrs vreen doesnXt e+plain things well# The st*dents are !con'*sing/ con'*sed"# \# Ha$e )o* heard the latest news ItXs reall) !e+citing/ e+cited"# ]#1 donXt *nder& stand these directions# IXm !con'*sing/ con'*sed"# #1 read an !interesting/ interested" article in the newspaper this morning# # I heard some !s*rprising/ s*rprised" news on the radio# q# IXm !(oring/ (ored"# LetXs do something# How a(o*t going to a mo$ie # Mr Saw)er (ores me# I thin- he is a !(oring/ (ored" person# 1# Mr 0all 'ascinates me# 1 thin- he is a !'ascinating/ 'ascinated" person# 11# Most )o*ng children are !'ascinating/ 'ascinated" () animals# 1# xo*ng children thin- that animals are !'ascinating/ 'ascinated"# 1[#1 was $er) !em(arrassing/ em(arrassed" )esterda) when I spilled m) drin- on the dinner ta(le# 1\# That was an !em(arrassing/ em(arrassed" e+perience# 1]# I read a !shoc-ing/ shoc-ed" report )esterda) on the n*m(er o' children who die 'rom star$ation in the world e$er) da)# I was reall) !shoc-ing/ shoc-ed"# 1# The children went to a circ*s# For them/ the circ*s was !e+citing/ e+cited"# The !e+citing/ e+cited" children .*mped *p and down# Iy# Complete the sentences with the present or past participle of the verbs in brackets. 1# The !steal" car was 'o*nd in the woods# # S*ccess in oneXs
wor- is a !satis')" e+perience# [# The tiger was a !terri')" sight 'or the $illagers# \# The !terri')" $illagers ran 'or their li$es# ]# I 'o*nd m)sel' in an !em(arrass" sit*ation last night# # A -id accidentall) threw a (all at one o' the school windows# Someone needs to repair the !(rea-" window# # A !damage" earth_*a-e occ*rred recentl)# q# People are still in the process o' repairing the man) !damage" (*ildings and streets# #1 el(owed m) wa) thro*gh the !crowd" room# 1# %o one li$es in that !desert" ho*se e+cept a 'ew ghosts# 11# The thie' tried to open the !loc-" ca(inet# 1# The !in.*re" woman was p*t into an am(*lance# 1[#1 (o*ght some !'ree,e" $egeta(les at the s*permar-et# 1\# The !e+pect" e$ent did not occ*r# 1]# A !grow" child needs a !(alance"&diet# 1# There is an old sa)ing Let !sleep" dogs lie# 1# At present/ the !lead" candidate in the senatorial race is Henr) Moore# 1q# An) !thin-" person -nows that smo-ing is a destr*cti$e ha(it# 1# I still ha$e 'i$e more !re_*ire" co*rses to ta-e# # !Poll*te" water is not sa'e 'or drin-ing# 1#1 donXt ha$e an) '*rnit*re o' m) own# Zo )o* -now where I can rent a !'*rnish" apartment # %o one ma) attend the lect*re e+cept !in$ite" g*ests# [# The !s*ggest" remed) 'or the common cold is to rest and to drin- plent) o' 'l*ids# \# 0eca*se we ha$e a !write" agreement/ o*r landlord wonXt (e a(le to raise o*r rent 'or two )ears# ]# !E+perience" tra$ellers pac- lightl)# The) carr) little more than necessities# S. (ranslate into &nglish. 1# zU57@:@8 JG4U;:@
{ 64/ ?4U ? JG4U;: 4U57; <@ `@3?G@<: 54UG@<# # Q@5?<D D4<:G:<= 4U57@; 74D;@7/ @ D4GG:5J4<7: 3G:8 4? 3G::< 7:;@; `@:?D 3 `@J5<4 D<D:# q# K45;: ?44/ D@D 4U57; 74D;@7/ JG:75:7@?:;b 4U|83; J:G:G3# S. (ranslate into &nglish using participles where possible. 1# ?4&<U7b 37:;/ D@D 4< 5@7;5b 3 5@4;:? # :& :; ? <: 5;@;/ D@D 4U ?4 4U|83;8; [# { 5;@;/ D@D :4 8 U;4 J48<?4 3 G@`434G:# \# }@: 4U4<8?b 3:7b <: 64:b/ ?4U <@5 ?G@43@; ]# { J4
G@`434G<B G:b# \# z5?@3;:<< 47< 3 ?:<4?:/ G:U:<4D `@J;@D@;# ]# zDG3 JG4?3<D@/ `@5?@3; :4 57@?b58# # zDG:<<: JG4?3<D4/ <: 54UG@;5b 57@3@?b58# # €4D?4G 5JG4U43@; 35: G:D4:<743@<<: :?47# q# zU57@:@8 JG4U;:@ ::? 4G4<4: `<@:<:# # 4U:G? J4;; ?:;:G@& / 544U9@3B 4 JGU? •<<@U:; 3 fG<7:;# [# K5b4/ @7G:543@<<4: G:7@D?4G/ 45?@;45b U:` 4?3:?@# [1# <@/ 35?J@B9 5:@5 5 G:bB — <@ <@@;b<D# [# Q:</ 57:;@3 ?4 4?DG?:/ <@G@7:< 4U:;:35D4 JG::# [[# z< JG45@?G3@; J4?/ 745?@3;:<<B `@ <:5D4;bD4 J45;:7<6 7<:# [\# z< 35J4<@; 4 7<86/ JG43:7:<<6 3 •<; 34 3G:8 :D5JG435D44 :5?3@;8# []# }@D4</ 59:5?343@3: 3 •:GD:/ J4`34;8; J4DJ@?b JG47@3@?b <:G43# [# €G@@?G/ <@J5@3 ? Jb:5/ :9: 5435: 4;47# [# Kb:5@/ J45?@3;:<<@8 4;47 G:55:G4/ J4;b`:?58 U4;b 5J:64# [q# ?@?b8 D4:G:? 55;:743@?:;b5DB G@U4?/ JG4347B 34 3<43b 54`7@<<4 =:
87:G<4 34<# \\# }@83;:<:/ JG<8?4: @5?<D@ D4<:G:<=/ <@:?;4 `@7@/ 5?489: J:G:7 7:4DG@?:5D 4G@<`@=8 3 U4GbU: `@ DG:J;:<: :7<@G47<4 U:`4J@5<45?# \]# zJU;& D43@<<@8 34 3:G@<: <4:G: ƒ~`3:5?„ 5?@?b8 7:;8:? 454U4: 3<@<: :G@/ <@JG@3;:<< <@ 7@;b<::: J43:<: `<:<<44 G43<8 <@5:;:<8 455# \# k5: JG4G:553<4: :;43::5?34 457@:? J4;?D ?:GG4G@ JG4347B :7<@G47< D5?G:`4# \ k4:<<: D4<;D?/ JG4564789: 3 4G86 ?4D@6 J;@<:?/ <@<458? U4;b4 9:GU D4<4D: 5?G@ JG<@B96 3 <6 @5?:# S. Qtate the forms and functions of the absolute participial constructions and translate the sentences into Russian. 1# 2eather permitting/ we shall sail o'' tomorrow morning# # The o*tside temperat*re (eing ten degrees (elow ,ero/ it was *n*s*all) cold in the schoolroom# [# The mission carried o*t/ the) were granted a three da) lea$e# \# The matter (eing so *rgent/ the) had to reconsider the original plan# ]# Time dragged on/ each da) d*ll and cheerless# # Flo -ept on smiling/ good temper (eing her special charm# # I ha$e something to (e than-'*l 'or/ all things considered# q# Then the) heard him shoot/ the shot smashing an echo (ac-# # For the moment the shop was empt)/ the mechanic ha$ing disappeared into a room at the (ac-# 1# The p*pils ha$ing pre$io*sl) ac_*ired all sorts o' wrong lang*age ha(its/ the teacherXs chie' d*t) is to eliminate these and replace them () so*nd ha(its# 11# Plants grown in the dar- are alwa)s colo*rless/ chloroph)ll (ecoming green onl) *nder the action o' light# 1# The research gro*p co*ld not go on with the e+periments witho*t their plan (eing appro$ed () the scienti'ic s*per$iser# 1[# The main 'eat*re o' the nationXs