The Instructional Competencies of Teachers - Revised (1)

INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 1

Chapter 1 The Problems and Its Background Introduction

Every institution !s its "o!# o$ !tt!inin" te e%u&!tion!# o'(e&tives or %esire% #e!rnin" out&o)es *res&ri'e% 'y te syste) itse#$+ Its su&&ess is %eter)ine% 'y te ,in% o$ $!&u#ty it !s !n% o &o)*etent te )e)'ers !re in *er$or)in" teir (o' !s %eve#o*er o$ u)!n resour&es+ Te!&ers !re &onsi%ere% te )ost i)*ort!nt resour&es in !n e%u&!tion!# syste)+ Te .u!#ity o$ e%u&!tion %e*en%s on te)/ o tey te!&/ )otiv!te/ !n% ins*ire stu%ents to #e!rn !n% to 'e&o)e e$$e&tive/ &o)*etent/ !n% *ro%u&tive &iti0ens o$ te #!n%+ ein" te $ront#ines $ront#ines in te e%u&!tion!# e%u&!tion!# *ro&ess/ *ro&ess/ te!&ers )ust 'e e$$e&tive e$$e&tive in !## !s*e&ts o$ te *ro$ession+ Asi%e $ro) t!t/ te!&ers serve !s !n i)*ort!nt $i"ure in e%u&!tion+ es*ite o$ te see)in"#y #o !"es !n% te issue on %e&#inin" .u!#ity o$ e%u&!tion in te &ountry !s !t !t te te st!t st!tis isti ti&s &s !re !re s!yi s!yin"/ n"/ te!& te!&e ers rs !re !re sti# sti### $in%i $in%in" n" !ys !ys to &o*e &o*e u* it it te te &!##en"es o$ ti)e+ Es*e&i!##y it te %i$$erent *ro"r!)s or &urri&u#! t!t te &ountry is !%!*tin"/ tey !re $#e3i'#e in !%!*tin" su& *ro"r!)s !n% &urri&u#! in !ssurin" te *ro*er i)*#e)ent!tion o$ te) 'y !tten%in" v!rious se)in!rs !n% or,so*s tey !re !tten%in"+ Sin&e ti)e i))e)ori!#/ #e!rnin" !s 'een viee% !s ! &ontinuous *ro&ess+ An% te!&ers sou#% 'e in !&&or%!n&e it tis *ro&ess+ Te 'est !y to e%u&!te stu%ents is $or te!&ers to e%u&!te te)se#ves+ Te!&ers *#!y !n i)*ort!nt ro#e in te so&iety !n% in te #ives o$ teir stu%ents+ Tey !re 'ein" viee% !s ro#e )o%e#s !n% *!r!"ons o$ #e!rnin" !n% o$ u)!nity+ Hen&e/ te!&ers nee% to &ontinuous#y u*"r!%e/ u*%!te/ !n% innov!te

ON HONORIO 4ENTURA TECHNOLOGICAL STATE UNI4ERSIT5

INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 2

te)se#ves 'y "roin" *ro$ession!##y to in&re!se teir e$$i&ien&y !n% &o)*eten&e in teir *ro$ession+ It is *resu)e% t!t te!&ers &ou#% "ive )ore to stu%ents i$ tey ou#% #e!rn )ore/ not on#y trou" e3*erien&e/ 'ut !#so trou" + Te ro#es !n% res*onsi'i#ities o$ !n e%u&!tor evo#ve it ti)e !n% &ir&u)st!n&e+ Tere is ! )is&on&e*tion t!t te on#y s,i## re.uire% to 'e ! te!&er is te !'i#ity to te!&/ 'ut it "oes 'eyon% t!t+ E%u&!tors )ust 'e )u#ti6$!&ete%/ !%!*tin" to ever-&!n"in" &ir&u)st!n&e+ C!n"e in so&iety i## not t!,e *#!&e itout te !&tive invo#ve)ent o$ te!&ers+ T!t is y tey !re 'ein" viee% !s &!t!#y0ers o$ &!n"e+ To%!y To%!y// e%u&!ti e%u&!tion on is $!&in" $!&in" "re!t "re!t &!##en &!##en"es "es++ One &!##e &!##en"e n"e is te .u!#it .u!#ity y o$ instru&tion+ In te $!&e o$ severe &riti&is)s to te e$$e&t t!t )!ny o$ te s&oo#s in te e#e)ent!ry/ se&on%!ry/ !n% terti!ry #eve#s !t *resent !re not *ro%u&in" .u!#ity "r!%u!tes/ it ou#% not 'e su$$i&ient su$$i&ient to ur# re&ri)in!ti re&ri)in!tions ons ri"t !n% #e$t+ It ou#% 'e )ore !*t !n% *r!&ti&!# to $o&us te !ttention on !ys o$ !&ievin" .u!#ity e%u&!tion/ !n% not on *in*ointin" (ust to !ve so)eone to 'e '#!)e% o$+ One !y o$ %oin" so/ te!&ers !re &ontinuous#y )!,in" i)*rove)ents on te )e!ns or !ys o$ teir %e#ivery o$ .u!#ity instru&tion in te &ountry+ Tere is ! ne *ro"r!) in e%u&!tion to%!y t!t &!##en"es te!&ers7 &o)*eten&y/ tis is te K-12 *ro"r!)+ K612 8*ronoun&e% 9, te#ve:/ 9, trou" te#ve:/ or 9, to te#ve:; is ! %esi"n!tion $or te su) o$ *ri)!ry o$ *ri)!ry !n% se&on%!ry !n% se&on%!ry e%u&!tion+ It e%u&!tion+ It is use% to %es&ri'e te #en"tenin" o$ te '!si& e%u&!tion in te Pi#i**ines/ $ro) ten 81<; to te#ve 812;+ K-12 *ro"r!) $o&use% on te s,i##s o$ te stu%ents/ ere in !$ter $inisin" Gr!%e 1

INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM =

stu%ent )!y o't!in ! N!tion!# Certi$i&!te Leve# II 8NC II;/ *rovi%e% e>se *!sses te &o)*eten&y-'!se% !ssess)ent o$ te Te&ni&!# E%u&!tion !n% S,i##s eve#o*)ent Autority 8TESA;+ NC I !n% NC II i)*rove e)*#oy!'i#ity o$ "r!%u!tes in $ie#%s #i,e A"ri&u#ture/ E#e&troni&s/ !n% Tr!%e+ In tis &!se/ TLE te!&ers !re !#so o'#i"e to !ve NC II or NC III so t!t tey i## 'e one ste* !e!% to teir stu%ents+ Mo%u#es !re 'ein" use% in te K-12 *ro"r!)/ 'ut un$ortun!te#y so)e )o%u#es !re not )!%e re!%y !n% !v!i#!'#e %urin" te *i#otin" o$ every "r!%e #eve#/ t!t is y te!&ers !re !#!ys $in%in" !ys on o to %e#iver te #esson e## !n% o to )!,e te stu%ents #e!rn )e!nin"$u##y %es*ite te in&!*!&ities o$ te &urri&u#u) i)*#e)ent!tion+ In te #i"t o$ te st!te% $!&ts on te i)*ort!n&e o$ instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te!&ers/ te rese!r&er i## see, to i%enti$y te *re*!re%ness o$ te TLE te!&ers in i)*#e)entin" te K-12 &urri&u#u) 'y !ssessin" i$ tey !% te &o)*eten&ies *res&ri'e% 'y to%!y7s e%u&!tion+ Tis i## serve !s ! &ross-!n!#ysis on te *re*!re%ness o$ te!&ers in te!&in" te 21st &entury s,i##s to te #e!rners+ Review of Related Literature and Studies Related Literature

Te or#% is &!n"in" !t see)in"#y 're!,ne&, s*ee%+ Aroun% te "#o'e/ ! i%er!n"in" %e'!te is t!,in" *#!&e !'out !t ,no#e%"e !n% s,i##s !re )ost i)*ort!nt $or te in&re!sin"#y %iverse/ inter&onne&te%/ !n% innov!tion-oriente% so&ieties o$ te 21st&entury+ To !%%ress tese ne i)*er!tives/ e%u&!tion syste)s !roun% te or#% !re e3*#orin" !ys to inte"r!te 21st &entury s,i##s into %i$$erent &urri&u#u) !re!s !n% !#so to e#* te!&ers %eve#o* %i$$erent *e%!"o"ies !n% #e!rnin" environ)ents t!t i## e#* to in&u#&!te tese s,i##s+ Hoever/ tere is !n enor)ous "!* 'eteen tese )ore &o)*#e3


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM ?

"o!#s $or e%u&!tion !n% o stu%ents !re &urrent#y )e!sure% on #!r"e-s&!#e e%u&!tion!# !ssess)ents 8Ste!rt !n% Asi! So&iety/ 2<1?;+ As %es&ri'e% 'y @!&,son/ Ste&er/  H!)i#ton 82<1?;/ *u'#i& s&oo# syste)s !re e3*e&te% to *ro)ote ! i%e v!riety o$ s,i##s !n% !&&o)*#is)ents in teir stu%ents/ in&#u%in" 'ot !&!%e)i& !&ieve)ent !n% ! 'ro!%er set o$ &o)*eten&ies/ su& !s &re!tivity/ !%!*t!'i#ity/ !n% "#o'!# !!reness+ Te #!tter out&o)es/ i& !re o$ten re$erre% to !s B21st &entury s,i##sB or B21 st &entury &o)*eten&ies/B !re in&re!sin"#y &entr!# in *o#i&y %is&ussions/ 'e&!use tey !re seen !s &riti&!# &o)*onents o$ &o##e"e !n% &!reer re!%iness+ Assessin" tese &o)*eten&ies &!n *rovi%e e%u&!tors it ! 'ro!%er set o$ in%i&!tors tey &!n use to in$or) instru&tion !n% set "o!#s it stu%ents+ Hoever/ evi%en&e !'out te e$$e&ts o$ testin" su""ests t!t &!ution !n% &!re$u# *#!nnin" is !rr!nte% en %eve#o*in" !n% #!un&in" ! ne !ssess)ent syste)+ In te Pi#i**ines/ te K to 12 *ro"r!) st!rts !"!inst ! '!&,%ro* o$ *erenni!# oes #!&, o$ te!&ers/ sort!"e in &#!ssroo)s/ s&oo# 'ui#%in"s/ !n% te3t'oo,s/ ! &urri&u#u) t!t nee%s over!u#in"/ !n% ! 'u%"et t!t even e%u&!tion o$$i&i!#s &!## ! 9surviv!# 'u%"et+: Dit K to 12 in *#!&e/ te Pi#i**ine e%u&!tion syste) ou#% 'e !t *!r it intern!tion!# st!n%!r%s/ $o##oin" te D!sin"ton A&&or% !n% te o#o"n! A&&or%/ !n% &ontri'utin" to te %eve#o*)ent o$ ! 'etter-e%u&!te% so&iety &!*!'#e o$ *ursuin" *ro%u&tive e)*#oy)ent/ entre*reneursi*/ or i"er e%u&!tion %is&i*#ines+ Te ne *ro"r!) see,s to &ure !t !i#s te Pi#i**ine '!si& !n% se&on%!ry e%u&!tion syste) 8!#!n"in-Fern!n%e0/ 2<12;+ In !&&or%!n&e to te &it!tions !'ove/ !n e)*!sis on o te!&ers !s i)*#e)enters o$ te &urri&u#u) sou#% 'e ev!#u!te%+ Ev!#u!tin" te!&ers7 on te!&in"


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 

8C!n/ 2<1<; is ! !y to i%enti$y te stron" !s*e&ts o$ teir *r!&ti&e/ !s e## !s teir e!,nesses i& )!y nee% to 'e &!n"e% !n% i)*rove%+ Te!&ers sou#% t!,e initi!tives !n% res*onsi'i#ity to ev!#u!te teir te!&in" !n% )!,e i)*rove)ents over ti)e+ It is i)*ort!nt to un%erst!n% t!t ev!#u!tin" teir te!&in" %oes not )e!n tey !re ! '!% te!&er/ in $!&t/ it )e!ns .uite te o**osite+ A "oo% te!&er te!&es !n% #e!rns+ A te!&er &ou#% 'e te 'est te!&er it te 'est &ourse )!teri!#s/ &ourse !&tivities/ #e!rnin" out&o)es !n% !ssess)ents+ ut !s ti)e &!n"es/ &ourse nee%s to revise to suit te nee%s o$ te so&iety/ te e)*#oyers !n% te %iversity o$ stu%ents+ A "oo% te!&er i## t!,e in &riti&is)/ initi!te ev!#u!tion !n% #e!rn $ro) teir stu%ents+ Te!&in"/ oever/ is ! i"#y &o)*#e3 !&tivity t!t re.uires )!ny s,i##s+ A st!tisti&!# $or)u#! '!se% on test s&ores  even i$ it is !&&ur!te  )i"t see) )ore o'(e&tive/ 'ut t!t is not te &!se/ o$ &ourse/ en te $or)u#! is '!se% on ! $!ir#y n!rro test !n% &!nnot &ontro# )!ny $!&tors t!t !$$e&t stu%ent #e!rnin"+ A )ore !&&ur!te !n% use$u# ev!#u!tion syste)/ e%u&!tors s!y/ ou#% in&#u%e 'ot "oo% )e!sures o$ stu%ent #e!rnin" !n% e3*ert &#!ssroo) ev!#u!tion+ Goo% te!&in" st!n%!r%s &!*ture te 'est te!&in" *r!&ti&es itout &onstri&tin" te!&ers to *res&ri'e )eto%s o$ *e%!"o"y+ Pro$ession!# te!&in" st!n%!r%s $o&us on )!ny !s*e&ts o$ te!&in" su& !s te !'i#ity o$ te te!&er to en"!"e stu%ents/ te te!&ers &ontent ,no#e%"e !n% te te!&ers !'i#ity to &re!te !n e$$e&tive environ)ent $or #e!rnin"+ Tey %is&our!"e ev!#u!tors $ro) (u%"in" te!&ers '!se% on *erson!# or 9"ut: re!&tions+ Tou" it is te!&in" t!t is )e!sure% 'y te st!n%!r%s/ #e!rnin" is !t is !&tu!##y &!*ture% 'e&!use te!&in" to i"-.u!#ity st!n%!r%s $!&i#it!tes #e!rnin" 8Unite% Fe%er!tion o$ Te!&ers/ 2<1?;+


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 

Te!&ers 8S!#!n%!n!n/ 2<12; !re en"!"e% in !&tivities t!t invo#ve in$#uen&in" oter *eo*#e/ en&e tere is !n o'#i"!tion to o'serve/ !ssess !n% ev!#u!te teir or,+ O'servin" te!&in" invo#ves !n intern!tion!# !n% )eto%i&!# viein" o$ !n !&tivity+ O'servin" is )ore t!n )ere seein" it ent!i#s *#!nne% !n% $o&use% !ttention 'y te o'server+ O'servin" serves te $o##oin" i)*ort!nt $un&tions it *rovi%es $ee%'!&, !'out is>er te!&in" eter te te!&er %esires it or not/ *rin&i*!#s !n% *!rents i## '!se teir ev!#u!tions on si"ni$i&!nt %!t! "!ine% $ro) &o)*etent o'serv!tion !n% o'servin" *rovi%es !n o**ortunity $or te!&er to $urter teir on un%erst!n%in" o$ te!&in"+ On ev!#u!tin" te!&in"/ it invo#ves (u%"in" !n% sever!# !s*e&ts su& !s te ev!#u!tor )ust %e&i%e !t s>e i## ev!#u!te i& i## 'e %eter)ine% 'y *riorities !s v!ri!'#es sin&e s>e &!nnot #oo, !t !## o$ !t is "oin" on te ev!#u!tor )ust est!'#is &riteri! !s to !t &onstitutes "oo% 8or %esir!'#e/ e$$e&tive/ or orti#e; te!&in" !n% te ev!#u!tor )ust "!ter %!t! !'out te!&in"+ Si"ni$i&!nt#y/ NCTS is ! )e!sure)ent too# use% in te Pi#i**ines $or *ro$ession!# te!&ers+ i#'!o/ et !#+ 82<12; *ointe% out te use o$ NCTS !s te *!r!)eter in !ssessin" te!&ers7 &o)*eten&ies !n% *er$or)!n&e+ Te NCTS is ! set o$ &o)*eten&ies 8'e!viors/ !ttitu%es/ !n% s,i##s; t!t e!& te!&er )ust *ossess to $un&tion e$$e&tive#y !n% s!tis$!&tori#y+ Tese !re '!se% u*on 9te &ore v!#ues o$ Fi#i*ino te!&ers !n% on te *rin&i*#es o$ e$$e&tive te!&in" !n% #e!rnin"+: Te NCTS $r!)eor, is %ivi%e% into seven 8J; %o)!ins t!t re*resent te %esire% $e!tures o$ te te!&in" !n% #e!rnin" *ro&ess+ Tese %o)!ins in&or*or!te ! series o$ tenty-one 821; str!n%s o$ %esire% te!&in" *er$or)!n&e st!te)ents i& &!n 'e i%enti$ie% !s ei"ty 8<;


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM J

*er$or)!n&e in%i&!tors t!t !re o'serv!'#e in%i&!tors o$ te .u!#ity o$ te!&er7s *er$or)!n&e+ r!in" $ro) te 4ision !n% Mission o$ te e*!rt)ent o$ E%u&!tion/ C-PAST 8P!r!n!%!/ 2<1?; is ! &o)*reensive !**r!is!# syste) i& !%%resses one o$ te )!n%!tes o$ te e*!rt)ent !s e)'o%ie% in te RA 1+ Te $irst *ur*ose is $or)!tive%eve#o*)ent!# in n!ture i& i## *rovi%e te!&ers it )e!nin"$u# !&tivities t!t en&our!"e teir *ro$ession!# #e!rnin" !n% "rot+ Te *ro&e%ure i## 'e su**ortive/ nontre!tenin"/ $!ir/ &o##e"i!# !n% se#$-%ire&te% itin te &o))unity o$ *ro$ession!# #e!rners+ Te se&on% *ur*ose is su))!tive-ev!#u!tive i& i## !ssure t!t s&oo# #e!rners !ve te 'ene$it o$ instru&tion !t i" #eve# o$ *ro$i&ien&y $ro) te te!&ers+ A**r!is!# o$ te!&er *er$or)!n&e is )!%e on te '!sis o$ te evi%en&es &o##e&te%/ o'serv!tions )!%e/ &on$eren&es/ !n% %i!#o"ues t!t !&&o)*!ny e!& *ro&e%ure+ Te u#ti)!te intention o$ te *er$or)!n&e !**r!is!# is !&ievin" i" #eve#s o$ #e!rners7 *er$or)!n&e !n% i)*rove% #e!rnin" out&o)es !s *!rt o$ te s&oo# out&o)es+ Related Studies

Guiner 82<1=; stu%ie% te &o)*eten&ies o$ te&no#o"y !n% #ive#ioo% e%u&!tion instru&tors+ Gener!##y/ te #eve# o$ &o)*eten&y o$ te instru&tor res*on%ents in $ive !re!s in in%ustri!# !rts reve!#e% ! 9i" &o)*etent: re)!r,+ Te $ive !re!s in In%ustri!# Arts e3&e*t E#e&tri&ity it ! )e!n !ver!"e o$ 8=+

INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 

instru&tors+ Te %eve#o*e% tr!inin" )o%u#e in in%ustri!# !rts $or instru&tors !s e## !s te .uestionn!ires ere 9very )u& v!#i%: !s to &ontent !n% $!&e v!#i%ity+ !rnuevo  H!se"!! 82<12;/ in teir stu%y entit#e% BInstru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te te!&in" $or&e teir re#!tionsi* to te stu%ents !&!%e)i& *er$or)!n&eB sou"t to stu%y eter tere e3ists ! re#!tionsi* 'eteen instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies !n% te !&!%e)i& *er$or)!n&e o$ te stu%ents+ Te resu#t o$ te survey soe% t!t te stu%ents *er&eive teir En"#is/ S&ien&e !n% Te&no#o"y/ !n% M!te)!ti&s te!&ers Bo$tenB )!ni$est te &o)*eten&e in te!&in"+ Te #eve# o$ te res*on%ents !&!%e)i& *er$or)!n&e is $oun% to 'e on te !ver!"e #eve# !s in%i&!te% in teir o't!ine% "r!%es in te &orres*on%in" su'(e&ts/ En"#is/ S&ien&e !n% Te&no#o"y/ !n% M!te)!ti&s i& is e.uiv!#ent to <-?+ Over!##/ !## o$ te su'(e&ts &on&erne% !ve si"ni$i&!nt &orre#!tion eter !t <+<1 or <+< #eve# !n% te &orre#!tions )!%e ere inter*rete% !s ne"#i"i'#e &orre#!tion+ A#%erite/ us.uit/  Me(i&! 82<<; !#i"ne% te te!&er e%u&!tion *ro"r!) o$ Ho#y Cross o$ !v!o Co##e"e it te CHE7s *res&ri'e% N!tion!# Co)*eten&y-!se% Te!&er St!n%!r%s 8NCTS;+ Te Te te!&ers e3*ress t!t teir stren"ts on instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies &enter on tree %o)!ins 6 &urri&u#u)/ %iversity o$ #e!rnin"/ !n% #e!rnin" environ)ent+ On te oter !n%/ teir e!,nesses revo#ve !roun% te $our %o)!ins o$ *#!nnin"/ !ssessin" !n% re*ortin" &o))unity #in,!"es *erson!# "rot !n% *ro$ession!# %eve#o*)ent !n% so&i!# re"!r% $or #e!rnin"+ Stu%ents see t!t te te!&ers !re .uite #o in so)e instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies s*e&i$i&!##y in te !re!s o$ &urri&u#u) )!,in"/ *#!nnin"/ !ssessin"/ re*ortin" !n% &o))unity #in,!"es+ Tey *er&eive t!t teir )entors7 instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies !re *re%o)in!nt#y )!ni$este% in teir )!stery o$ te


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 

su'(e&t )!tter in *rovi%in" stu%ents it !n !%e.u!te #e!rnin" environ)ent !n% in te e$$i&ient !n% e$$e&tive !n%#in" o$ %iversity !)on" stu%ents/ #e!rnin" !**ro!&es !n% instru&tion!# )!teri!#s+ Te stu%y re&o))en%s t!t te NCTS 'e )!%e !s "ui%e*osts !n% "ui%e#ines in te *re*!r!tion o$ ! *ro"r!) $or re&ruit)ent !n% retention o$ youn" te!&ers it !*titu%e !n% *otenti!#s $or te te!&in" *ro$ession+ In-servi&e tr!inin"s !n% or,so*s )ust 'e &entere% on tese st!n%!r%s s*e&i$i&!##y in *#!nnin"/ !ssessin" !n% re*ortin"+ Co))unity #in,!"es !n% netor,in" o$ te!&ers sou#% 'e e## %e$ine%+ Te!&ers sou#% strive $or )ore en"!"e)ent in e%u&!tion!# rese!r&es+ Si%%i.ui 82<1<; stu%ie% te instru&tion!# *ro&ess &o)*eten&ies trou" &#!ss roo) o'serv!tions in Dor,ers De#$!re Mo%e# S&oo#s 8DDMS; est!'#ise% 'y Dor,ers De#$!re Fun% 8DDF;/ ! su'si%i!ry or"!ni0!tion o$ Ministry o$ L!'our !n% M!n*oer/ Govern)ent o$ P!,ist!n+ Te stu%y !s !#so !i)e% !t e3*#orin" in%i&!tors o$ s&oo# e$$e&tiveness+ M!(or $in%in"s o$ te stu%y in%i&!te% t!t tou" )ost o$ te te!&ers !re !!re o$ st!n%!r%s o$ te!&in" $or s&oo# e$$e&tiveness to so)e e3tent 'ut tey !re not i)*#e)entin" tese st!n%!r%s in teir &#!ssroo)s+ A#so )!(ority o$ te te!&ers !re not usin" ev!#u!tion te&ni.ues *ro*er#y+ Te te!&ers/ oever/ !"ree% it to )!(or &!r!&teristi&s o$ te te!&er e%u&!tion $or s&oo# e$$e&tiveness i+e+ &ontent ,no#e%"e !n% *e%!"o"i&!# &o)*eten&ies+ Te )!(or i)*#i&!tion o$ te stu%y is to si$t $ro) #e&ture *!r!%i") to &o##!'or!tive/ inter!&tive !n% %e)o&r!ti& te!&in" sty#e !n% %eve#o* )entorin" !s e## !s )onitorin" te!&er e%u&!tion *ro"r!) $or over!## s&oo# e$$e&tiveness+ A#so ! nee% e)er"es to $in% out !s to y te!&ers/ %es*ite !vin" ,no#e%"e o$ te re.uire% te&ni.ues/ %o not $o##o te st!n%!r%s o$ s&oo# e$$e&tiveness+


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 1<

Kunter/ et !#+ 82<1=; investi"!te% te!&ers7 *e%!"o"i&!# &ontent ,no#e%"e/ *ro$ession!# 'e#ie$s/ or,-re#!te% )otiv!tion/ !n% se#$-re"u#!tion !s !s*e&ts o$ teir *ro$ession!# &o)*eten&e+ S*e&i$i&!##y/ it e3!)ines o tese !s*e&ts i)*!&t instru&tion !n%/ in turn/ stu%ent out&o)es+ Mu#ti*#e )e!sures ere use% to !ssess te!&er &o)*eten&e/ instru&tion!# .u!#ity/ !n% stu%ents7 !&ieve)ent !n% )otiv!tion+ Te e$$e&t o$ te!&ers7 *ro$ession!# &o)*eten&e on stu%ent out&o)es !s esti)!te% in ! 1-ye!r re*e!te%-)e!sures %esi"n+ To-#eve# stru&tur!# e.u!tion )o%e#s reve!#e% *ositive e$$e&ts o$ te!&ers7 *e%!"o"i&!# &ontent ,no#e%"e/ entusi!s) $or te!&in"/ !n% se#$-re"u#!tory s,i##s on instru&tion!# .u!#ity/ i& in turn !$$e&te% stu%ent out&o)es+ In &ontr!st/ te!&ers7 "ener!# !&!%e)i& !'i#ity %i% not !$$e&t teir instru&tion+ Te )u#ti%i)ension!# )o%e# o$ te!&ers7 *ro$ession!# &o)*eten&e intro%u&e% in tis !rti&#e see)s suite% to sti)u#!te $urter rese!r& on te *erson!# in%i&!tors o$ te!&er .u!#ity+ Te stu%y o$ Fern!n%e0 82<1=; #oo,e% into te te!&er7s &o)*eten&e !n% #e!rner7s *er$or)!n&e in te A#tern!tive Le!rnin" Syste)+ It s*e&i$i&!##y %eter)ine% te te!&er#e!rner res*on%ent7s *ro$i#e/ teir &o)*eten&e usin" Co)*eten&y !se% E3!)in!tion+ Tis rese!r& !i)e% to %eter)ine te re#!tionsi* 'eteen te!&ers7 &o)*eten&e !n% #e!rners7 *er$or)!n&e in te Co)*eten&y !se% E3!)in!tion+ It !s $oun% out t!t no si"ni$i&!nt re#!tionsi* e3ists 'eteen te!&ers7 &o)*eten&e !n% &ert!in so&io%e)o"r!*i& *ro$i#e su& !s "en%er !n% e%u&!tion!# '!&,"roun%+ Di#e te!&ers7 ye!rs o$ te!&in" e3*erien&e in ALS/ s!#!ry !n% *er$or)!n&e r!tin" !re $oun% to !ve si"ni$i&!nt re#!tionsi*+ A)on" te #e!rners/ "en%er !n% %ist!n&e o$ resi%en&e $ro) te &o))unity #e!rnin" &enter !% ! si"ni$i&!nt re#!tionsi* to teir *er$or)!n&e+ Furter)ore/ tere is no si"ni$i&!nt re#!tionsi* 'eteen te te!&ers7 &o)*eten&e !n% #e!rners7 *er$or)!n&e+


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 11

!se% on te $in%in"s/ !n enri&e% instru&tion!# *ro"r!) !s *re*!re% $or te i)*#e)ent!tion o$ te %e#ivery syste) o$ te A#tern!tive Le!rnin" Syste) 8ALS; A&&re%it!tion !n% E.uiv!#en&y 8AE; Pro"r!)+ As re"!r%s te!&ers7 &o)*eten&e/ te $o##oin" e!,nesses ere i%enti$ie% M!ni$est ! torou" ,no#e%"e o$ te su'(e&t )!tter $or)u#!te .uestions to &#!ri$y ! #esson us!"e o$ v!rious !i%s to )!,e te su'(e&t )!tter in te )o%u#e )ore interestin" to #e!rners )!,e use o$ ! v!riety o$ te!&in" str!te"ies to )!,e te #essons in te )o%u#e )ore interestin" !n% *rovi%e &!##en"in" t!s, !**#i&!'#e to re!# #i$e situ!tions+ Te stu%y o$ K!toon/ A0ee)/  A,t!r 82<11; investi"!te% in to ! %es&ri*tive rese!r& to &riti&!##y revie o$ te i)*!&t o$ %i$$erent $!&tors on te!&in" &o)*eten&ies !t se&on%!ry #eve#+ Te stu%y !s %e$ine% $e)!#e s&oo# te!&er7s so&io &u#tur!# *ro'#e)s !n% environ)ent!# *ro'#e)s +Te )!in o'(e&tives o$ te stu%y ere to $in% out te $e)!#e s&oo# te!&ers/ so&io &u#tur!# *ro'#e)s/ !n% environ)ent *ro'#e)s !n% to )e!sure te te!&in" &o)*eten&y o$ te!&ers 'y re#!tionsi* 'eteen te!&ers !n% stu%ents+ Te $o##oin" resu#ts ere %r!n 'y te rese!r&er in te #i"t o$ te !n!#ysis o$ te %!t!+ Te )ost#y $!)i#ies !re in $!vors o$ $e)!#e te!&er7s (o'+ Te resu#t *roves t!t te $e)!#e s*!re te ti)e $or %o)esti& or, %ue to !ve !#$ %!y (o'+ Te resu#t *roves t!t *ro$ession!# (e!#ousy is everyere !n% )ost#y it e$$e&ts on teir te!&in" &o)*eten&y+ Relationship between the Present Stud and the Previous Studies

Te *resent stu%y i## 'e re#!te% it te *revious stu%ies sin&e tey i## %is&uss !n% e#!'or!te te &o)*eten&ies o$ te!&ers !n% o oter v!ri!'#es !n% $!&tors !$$e&t teir &o)*eten&ies !s se&on%!ry te!&ers o$ te K-12 *ro"r!)+



i$$eren&es o$ te *revious stu%ies !n% te *resent stu%y #ie on te ty*es o$ res*on%ents/ oter v!ri!'#es e3*#!inin" te &o)*eten&ies o$ te!&ers/ !n% te st!tisti&!# tre!t)ent use% in %eter)inin" !n% %et!i#in" te &o)*eten&ies o$ te!&ers !s e%u&!tors o$ te 21st &entury !n% o$ te K-12 !si& E%u&!tion Pro"r!)+ Conceptual !ramework

Te!&ers !ve #ots o$ e$$e&tive )eto%s/ te&ni.ues/ !n% str!te"ies use% in o't!inin" teir o'(e&tives in te!&in"+ Te!&ers sou#% not on#y &onsi%er o to te!& e$$e&tive#y/ 'ut to ,no o to )otiv!te teir stu%ents to 'e&o)e ! 'etter *eo*#e !n% to 'e %eve#o*e% o#isti&!##y+ Fi"ure 1 sos te *!r!%i") o$ te stu%y+ Te in*ut-*ro&ess-out*ut )o%e# is !%o*te% in te stu%y+ Fr!)e 1 i## re*resent te in*ut/ Fr!)e 2 i## %e*i&t te *ro&ess/ !n% Fr!)e = i## i##ustr!te te out*ut+ Fr!)e 1 %es&ri'es te in*ut i& in&#u%es te #eve# o$ instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies !&&or%in" to ,no#e%"e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e )!stery o$ te su'(e&t )!tter !n% re&e*tivity to inte##e&tu!# i)*rove)ent/ !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e !ttitu%e to!r%s te!&in" !n% !ttitu%e to!r%s *ro$ession!# %eve#o*)ent/ !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e te!&in" s,i##s/ "ui%!n&e s,i##s/ )!n!"e)ent s,i##s/ !n% ev!#u!tion s,i##s te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in instru&tion i& in&#u%e ,no#e%"e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies/ !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies/ !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies+


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 1=

I#P$T

PR%C&SS

Leve# o$ Instru&tion!# Co)*eten&ies

Instru)ent

- Kno#e%"e-!se% Co)*eten&ies - M!stery o$ Su'(e&t M!tter - Re&e*tivity to Inte##e&tu!# I)*rove)ent - Attitu%e-!se% Co)*eten&ies - Attitu%e to!r%s Te!&in" - Attitu%e to!r%s Pro$ession!# eve#o*)ent - S,i##-!se% Co)*eten&ies - Te!&in" S,i##s - Gui%!n&e S,i##s - M!n!"e)ent S,i##s - Ev!#u!tion S,i##s - 4!#ues !se% S,i##s

%$TP$T

Survey-.uestionn!ire

St!tisti&!# Tre!t)ent Fre.uen&y Per&ent!"e Dei"te% Me!n T-test

Pro'#e)s En&ountere% in Instru&tion Kno#e%"e-!se% Co)*eten&ies Attitu%e-!se% Co)*eten&ies S,i##-!se% Co)*eten&ies 4!#ues-!se% Co)*eten&ies

I)*rove% instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te!&er in ter)s o$ ,no#e%"e '!se%/ !ttitu%e-'!se%/ !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies

So#utions to te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in instru&tion in ter)s o$ ,no#e%"e-'!se%/ !ttitu%e-'!se%/ !n% s,i## '!se% &o)*eten&ies

Fee%'!&,s !igure 1 " Conceptual Paradigm of the Stud Fr!)e 2 sos te *ro&ess i& in&#u%es te rese!r& instru)ent i& is ! survey-.uestionn!ire !n% te st!tisti&!# too#s i& in&#u%e $re.uen&y/ *er&ent!"e/ ei"te% )e!n/ !n% t-test i## 'e e)*#oye% in te stu%y+


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 1?

Fr!)e = %e*i&ts te out*ut i& in&#u%es te i)*rove% instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies !&&or%in" to ,no#e%"e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e )!stery o$ te su'(e&t )!tter !n% re&e*tivity to inte##e&tu!# i)*rove)ent/ !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e !ttitu%e to!r%s te!&in" !n% !ttitu%e to!r%s *ro$ession!# %eve#o*)ent/ !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e te!&in" s,i##s/ "ui%!n&e s,i##s/ )!n!"e)ent s,i##s/ !n% ev!#u!tion s,i##s !n% te so#utions to te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in instru&tion i& !#so in ter)s o$ ,no#e%"e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies/ !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies/ !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies+ Statement of the Problem

Tis stu%y is %esi"ne% to !ssess !n% %es&ri'e te instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te te&no#o"y !n% #ive#ioo% e%u&!tion te!&ers o$ te K-12 Pro"r!) in se#e&te% se&on%!ry *u'#i& s&oo#s o$ te %istri&t o$ F#ori%!'#!n&!/ P!)*!n"! %urin" te !&!%e)i& ye!r 2<1?2<1+ More s*e&i$i&!##y/ it i## see, !nsers to te $o##oin" .uestions 1+ Ho )!y te #eve# o$ instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te!&ers 'e %es&ri'e% !#on" te $o##oin" !re!s !s *er&eive% 'y te stu%ents !n% te te!&ers te)se#ves 1+1 Kno#e%"e-!se% Co)*eten&ies 1+1+1 M!stery o$ te Su'(e&t M!tter 1+1+2 Re&e*tivity to Inte##e&tu!# I)*rove)ent 1+2 Attitu%e-!se% Co)*eten&ies 1+2+1 Attitu%e to!r%s Te!&in" 1+2+2 Attitu%e to!r%s Pro$ession!# eve#o*)ent 1+= S,i##-!se% Co)*eten&ies


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 1

1+=+1 Te!&in" S,i##s 1+=+2 Gui%!n&e S,i##s 1+=+= M!n!"e)ent S,i##s 1+=+? Ev!#u!tion S,i##s 1+? 4!#ues- !se% Co)*eten&ies 2+ D!t !re te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in teir instru&tion in ter)s o$ 2+1 Kno#e%"e-!se% Co)*eten&ies 2+2 Attitu%e-!se% Co)*eten&ies 2+= S,i##-!se% Co)*eten&ies 2+? 4!#ues-!se% Co)*eten&ies =+ D!t !re te so#utions to te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in ter)s o$ =+1 Kno#e%"e-!se% Co)*eten&ies =+2 Attitu%e-!se% Co)*eten&ies =+= S,i##-!se% Co)*eten&ies =+? 4!#ues-!se% Co)*eten&ies ?+ Is tere ! si"ni$i&!nt %i$$eren&e 'eteen te se#$-!ssess)ent o$ te!&ers !n% stu%ents on te !'ove)entione% instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te $or)er 'pothesis

Te stu%y i## test te $o##oin" y*otesis+ Tere is ! si"ni$i&!nt %i$$eren&e 'eteen te se#$-!ssess)ent o$ te!&ers !n% stu%ents on te instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te $or)er+


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 1

Significance of the Stud

Te resu#ts o$ te stu%y i## 'e 'ene$i&i!# to te $o##oin" Te resu#t o$ te stu%y i## *rovi%e teachers insi"ts !n% in$or)!tion on teir #eve# o$ instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies !n% o to u*%!te !n% i)*rove teir s,i##s not on#y on %e!#in" it teir stu%ents/ 'ut !#so on %e!#in" it &o##e!"ues !n% oter *eo*#e+ Tis i## !#so serve !s ! %i!"nosti& too# $or te!&ers to re-!ssess !n% re-ev!#u!te teir &o)*eten&ies !n% te &on"ruen&y o$ teir s,i##s !n% &o)*eten&ies to !t te 21st &entury e%u&!tion *res&ri'e%+ Te out*ut o$ tis stu%y i## 'e use$u# to te students %ue to te $!&t t!t te i)*rove% &o)*eten&ies o$ teir te!&ers ou#% #i,e#y resu#t to 'etter !n% i)*rove te!&in" !n% %e#ivery o$ .u!#ity !n% re#ev!nt e%u&!tion to te)+ Te resu#t o$ tis stu%y )!y 'rin" $!vor!'#e %eve#o*)ent on teir *erson!#ity/ !&ieve)ent/ !n% *er$or)!n&e in #e!rnin"+ Te out&o)e o$ tis stu%y i## e#* school heads and principals 'y *rovi%in" soun% %!t! on o tey i## ev!#u!te te instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ teir te!&ers+ Tis i## serve !s "ui%e or '!se#ine on *rovi%in" teir te!&ers ne&ess!ry !ssist!n&e in i)*rovin" teir &o)*eten&ies+ Te resu#t o$ te stu%y i## e#* te) &oose or se#e&t teir $uture te!&ers+ L!st#y/ te reve!#e% %!t! o$ tis stu%y )!y 'e use% 'y future researchers !s ! s*rin"'o!r% to $urter e3*#or!tory or investi"!tory or,s o$ teir on/ es*e&i!##y on te $ie#% o$ i)*rovin" instru&tion!# &o)*eten&e o$ te!&ers+ y &onsi%erin" te %i$$erent v!ri!'#es in&#u%e% in tis or,/ $uture rese!r&ers )!y $in% insi"ts on *ossi'#e in&#usion


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 1J

o$ so)e oter v!ri!'#es i& !ve not 'een *!rt o$ it !n% i& tey $in% orty !n% (usti$i!'#y o$ 'ein" su'(e&ts $or investi"!tion+

Scope and (elimitation

Te $o&us o$ tis stu%y i## 'e on te instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te Te&no#o"y !n% Live#ioo% E%u&!tion te!&ers o$ te K-12 Pro"r!) in se#e&te% se&on%!ry *u'#i& s&oo#s o$ te %istri&t o$ F#ori%!'#!n&! P!)*!n"! %urin" te !&!%e)i& ye!r 2<1?-2<1+ is&ussion o$ to*i&s i## 'e %e#i)ite% to te #eve# o$ instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te i%enti$ie% te!&er !n% stu%ent-res*on%ents in te $ive 8; *u'#i& i" s&oo#s o$ te %istri&t o$ F#ori%!'#!n&!/ ivision o$ P!)*!n"! !#on" it te $o##oin" !re!s ,no#e%"e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e )!stery o$ te su'(e&t )!tter !n% re&e*tivity to inte##e&tu!# i)*rove)ent !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e !ttitu%e to!r%s te!&in" !n% !ttitu%e to!r%s *ro$ession!# %eve#o*)ent !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e te!&in" s,i##s/ "ui%!n&e s,i##s/

)!n!"e)ent s,i##s/ !n%

ev!#u!tion s,i##s te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in instru&tion i& in&#u%e te!&in" *re*!r!tions/ te!&in" #essons/ !n%#in" stu%ents7 'e!vior !n% ev!#u!tin" stu%ents7 *er$or)!n&e !n% te so#utions to te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in instru&tion i& !#so in&#u%e te!&in" *re*!r!tions/ te!&in" #essons/ !n%#in" stu%ents7 'e!vior !n% ev!#u!tin" stu%ents7 *er$or)!n&e+ (efinition of Terms

For te &#e!rer un%erst!n%in" o$ te stu%y/ te $o##oin" ter)s !re i## ere'y %e$ine o*er!tion!##y


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 1

Attitu%e-'!se% Co)*eten&ies+ Tis re$er to te !y o *erson vie/ *er&eive/ !n% !**re&i!te &ert!in tin"s+ As $or te stu%y i## &on&ern/ tis is te !y o TLE te!&ers vie teir !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e teir !ttitu%e to!r%s te!&in" !n% !ttitu%e to!r%s *ro$ession!# %eve#o*)ent+ Co)*eten&ies+ Re$er to te .u!#ity or st!te o$ 'ein" $un&tion!##y !%e.u!te or !vin" su$$i&ient ,no#e%"e/ (u%")ent !n% s,i## in ! &ert!in $ie#% or !re!+ In te stu%y/ tese invo#ve te ,no#e%"e-'!se%/ !ttitu%e-'!se%/ !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies o$ TLE te!&ers in *u'#i& se&on%!ry s&oo#s o$ F#ori%!'#!n&!/ P!)*!n"!+ Ev!#u!tion S,i##s+ Re$er to te s,i## %e)onstr!te% 'y te!&ers on (u%"in" instru&tion!# instru)ents !n% )!,in" soun% %e&isions on teir e$$i&!&y !s te!&ers !n% te .u!#ity o$ instru&tion tere !re %e#iverin" to te stu%ents+ As i## 'e use% in te stu%y/ tis is one o$ te &riteri! in %es&ri'in" te s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies o$ TLE te!&ers+ Gui%!n&e S,i##s+ Re$er to te *ro$i&ien&y o$ se&on%!ry te!&ers in e#*in"/ !ssistin"/ "ui%in"/ )entorin"/ !n% &ounse#in" stu%ents in teir !&!%e)i& *ursuit+ Tese invo#ve te!&ers7 &o)*eten&e in *rovi%in" !ssist!n&e to te nee%s o$ te stu%ents in teir stu%ies+ As i## 'e use% in te stu%y/ tis is one o$ te &riteri! in %et!i#in" te s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies o$ TLE te!&ers+ Instru&tion!# Co)*eten&ies+ Tese invo#ve te &!*!&ity/ *ro$i&ien&y/ &!*!'i#ities/ !n% s,i##s o$ te!&ers o$ te!&ers in %e#iverin" .u!#ity !% re#ev!nt e%u&!tion to every #e!rner+ As i## 'e re$#e&te% in te stu%y/ tese !re te &o)*eten&ies 'y TLE te!&ers in te!&in" te su'(e&t !s *res&ri'e% 'y te K-12 *ro"r!)+ Kno#e%"e-'!se% Co)*eten&ies+ Tese in&#u%e/ te te&ni&!# s,i## or ,noo o$ te!&ers in %e#iverin" te &on&e*t/ &onte3t/ !n% i%e!s o$ te su'(e&t 'ein" t!u"t+ As


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 1

i## 'e re$#e&te% in te stu%y/ tis is one o$ te &riteri! in %es&ri'in" te instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ *u'#i& se&on%!ry TLE te!&ers+ Tese in&#u%e te te!&ers7 )!stery o$ te su'(e&t )!tter !n% re&e*tivity to inte##e&tu!# i)*rove)ent+ M!n!"e)ent S,i##s+ Re$ers to te s,i## %e)onstr!te% 'y te te!&er in !n%#in" is>er &#!sses+ Tese invo#ve te &!*!&ity o$ te!&er in !n%#in" te &#!ssroo) environ)ent/ stu%ents7 'e!vior/ instru&tion!# )!teri!#s/ !n% oter !s*e&ts *e&u#i!r to te *ro$ession+ As i## 'e use% in te stu%y/ tis is one o$ te &riteri! in %et!i#in" te s,i## '!se% &o)*eten&ies o$ TLE te!&ers+ M!stery o$ Su'(e&t M!tter+ Tis *ert!ins to te *ro$i&ien&y o$ te!&ers in te!&in" ! *!rti&u#!r su'(e&t+ In te stu%y/ tis invo#ves te e$$i&!&y !n% te&ni&!# ,noo or ,no#e%"e o$ te te!&er in te!&in" v!rious !re!s in Te&no#o"y !n% Live#ioo% E%u&!tion 8TLE;+ Pro$ession!# eve#o*)ent+ Tis re$ers to te !ys !n% )e!ns o$ te!&ers in $urter %eve#o*in" teir instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies 'y !tten%in" se)in!rs/ tr!inin"s/ sy)*osi!/ !n% oter re#!te% !&tivities !n% &ontinuin" teir stu%ies+ As i## 'e use% in te stu%y/ tis is one o$ te &riteri! in %es&ri'in" te !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies o$ te TLE te!&ers+ Re&e*tivity to Inte##e&tu!# I)*rove)ent+ Tis re$ers to te #eve# o$ !&&e*t!n&e o$ te!&ers in i)*rovin" teir te&ni&!# ,noo !n% ,no#e%"e on te su'(e&t tey !re te!&in"+ In te stu%y/ tis invo#ves te !ttitu%e o$ te!&ers in i)*rovin" teir ,no#e%"e on TLE su'(e&ts+


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 2<

Se&on%!ry S&oo# Te!&ers+ Re$er to te te!&ers !ssi"ne% to te!& in te se&on%!ry #eve#+ In te stu%y/ tey !re te TLE *u'#i& se&on%!ry te!&ers t!t serve !s te res*on%ents o$ te stu%y/ st!tione% !t te %istri&t o$ F#ori%!'#!n&!/ P!)*!n"!+ S,i##-'!se% Co)*eten&ies+ Tese !re te &!*!&ities/ s,i##s/ !n% &!*!'i#ities o$ te!&ers in %e#iverin" .u!#ity !n% re#ev!nt e%u&!tion !n% in $u#$i##in" teir %uties !s *res&ri'e% 'y te *ro$ession+ As i## 'e re$#e&te% in te stu%y/ tis is one o$ te &riteri! in %es&ri'in" te instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ *u'#i& se&on%!ry TLE te!&ers+ Tese in&#u%e te!&ers7 te!&in" s,i##s/ "ui%!n&e s,i##s/ )!n!"e)ent s,i##s/ !n% ev!#u!tion s,i##s+ Te!&in" S,i##s+ Re$er to te *ro$i&ien&y o$ te te!&er to i)*!rt ,no#e%"e to te #e!rners !s in%i&!te% 'y te su'(e&t )!tter tey !re te!&in"+ As i## 'e use% in te stu%y/ tis is one o$ te &riteri! in %et!i#in" te s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies o$ TLE te!&ers in te *u'#i& se&on%!ry s&oo#s+



Chapter ) *ethodolog of the Stud

Tis &!*ter *resents te rese!r& %esi"n/ *!rti&i*!nts/ s!)*#in" %esi"n/ %!t! "!terin" *ro&e%ure/ &onstru&tion !n% v!#i%!tion o$ .uestionn!ire/ !n% st!tisti&!# tre!t)ent o$ %!t! use% in te stu%y+ Research (esign

Te %es&ri*tive-survey )eto% o$ rese!r& i## 'e use% in "!terin" te %!t! !n% in$or)!tion to !ssess !n% i%enti$y te instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ TLE te!&ers+ River! !n% River! 82<
Te res*on%ents o$ tis stu%y i## 'e te se#e&te% *u'#i& i" s&oo# te!&ers !n% stu%ents in F#ori%!'#!n&!/ ivision o$ P!)*!n"!+ Tis stu%y i## 'e &on%u&te% to = *u'#i& se&on%!ry te!&ers !n% 1/1J *u'#i& se&on%!ry stu%ents in F#ori%!'#!n&!/ ivision o$ P!)*!n"! %urin" S&oo# 5e!r 2<1?-2<1+ Te stu%y i## 'e &on%u&te% !t te i%enti$ie% $ive 8; *u'#i& se&on%!ry s&oo#s in F#ori%!'#!n&!/ ivision o$ P!)*!n"! n!)e#y !s! Air !se Hi" S&oo#/ ios%!%o Me)ori!# Hi" S&oo#/ Gut!% N!tion!# Hi" S&oo#/ P!"uiru!n N!tion!# Hi" S&oo#/ !n% P!s!y City Nort Hi" S&oo# %urin" te s&oo# ye!r 2<1?-2<1+ Te res*on%ents o$



te stu%y i## 'e te *u'#i& se&on%!ry te!&ers !n% stu%ents &o)*risin" 2< o$ te tot!# *o*u#!tion o$ te!&ers !n% stu%ents in te st!te% *u'#i& i" s&oo#s+ Stu%ents $ro) te $ourt ye!r !n% so)e o$ tir% ye!r i## 'e se#e&te% *re$er!'#y !s to !ve ! )ore &on&ise !n% *re&ise ev!#u!tion o$ te!&ers7 instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies on te *!rt o$ te stu%ents+ Te su'se.uent T!'#e 1 sos te tot!# *o*u#!tion !n% s!)*#e o$ te res*on%ents o$ te stu%y in teir res*e&tive s&oo#s+ Table 1 Population and Sample of the Respondents According to School

School

A  C 

#umber of Students Sample Population )+, 1/J=< =? 1/J<< =?<  1 J?< 1?

E

J=<

1?

/

1/1J

#umber of Teachers Sample Population )+, < 1< 2 12 =J J 2?  22 

Gr!n% 1

=

Tot!#

Le"en% A

-

!s! Air !se Hi" S&oo#



-

ios%!%o Me)ori!# Hi" S&oo#

C

-

Gut!% N!tion!# Hi" S&oo#



-

P!"uiru!n N!tion!# Hi" S&oo#

E

-

P!s!y City Nort Hi" S&oo#


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 2=

Population and (esign

To %eter)ine te s!)*#e o$ te stu%y/ si)*#e r!n%o) s!)*#in" te&ni.ue i## 'e use% in se#e&tin" s!)*#es $ro) te stu%ent !n% te!&ers in te *u'#i& se&on%!ry s&oo#s in te %istri&t o$ F#ori%!'#!n&!/ P!)*!n"! %urin" te s&oo# ye!r 2<1?-2<1+ A&&or%in" to Gu*t! 82<11;/ si)*#e r!n%o) s!)*#e 8SRS; is te )ost i%e#y ,non ty*e o$ r!n%o) s!)*#e+ Tis is &!r!&teri0e% 'y te $!&t t!t te *ro'!'i#ity o$ se#e&tion is te s!)e $or every &!se in te *o*u#!tion+ Si)*#e r!n%o) s!)*#in" is ! )eto% o$ se#e&tin" n units $ro) ! *o*u#!tion o$ si0e N su& t!t every *ossi'#e s!)*#e o$ si0e !s !n e.u!# &!n&e o$ 'ein" %r!n+ On#y 2< o$ te o#e *o*u#!tion o$ *u'#i& se&on%!ry stu%ents !n% te!&ers in te i%enti$ie%  *u'#i& se&on%!ry s&oo#s !re i## 'e &osen !s res*on%ents $or te stu%y+ (ata .athering Instrument

Te .uestionn!ire i## 'e te )!in instru)ent to 'e use% in &o##e&tin" te %!t! nee%e% in tis stu%y+ Te re#!te% #iter!ture !n% stu%ies i## 'e t!,en $ro) re!%in" o$ rese!r&ers ose or,s !ve si)i#!r 'e!rin" on tis stu%y !n% i## e#* te rese!r&er in te $or)u#!tion o$ te .uestionn!ire+ As %e$ine% 'y u#uet! !n% Pere0 82<1<;/ .uestionn!ire is ! #ist o$ .uestions t!t is $i##e% out 'y te *erson 'ein" surveye%+ It is )u& e!sier to "et ! 'i""er s!)*#in" it .uestionn!ires 'e&!use tey !re e!sy to %istri'ute !n% &!n 'e $i##e% in 'y )!ny *eo*#e !t te s!)e ti)e+ Te rese!r&er i## *re*!re te $o##oin" .uestionn!ires Teachers/ 0uestionnaire Te .uestionn!ire &ont!ins te &o)*eten&ies o$ TLE

te!&ers in ter)s o$ ,no#e%"e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e )!stery o$ te su'(e&t )!tter !n% re&e*tivity to inte##e&tu!# i)*rove)ent/ !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i&


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 2?

in&#u%e !ttitu%e to!r%s te!&in" !n% !ttitu%e to!r%s *ro$ession!# %eve#o*)ent/ !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e te!&in" s,i##s/ "ui%!n&e s,i##s/ )!n!"e)ent s,i##s/ !n% ev!#u!tion s,i##s te #eve# o$ instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies !&&or%in" to ,no#e%"e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e )!stery o$ te su'(e&t )!tter !n% re&e*tivity to inte##e&tu!# i)*rove)ent/ !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e !ttitu%e to!r%s te!&in" !n% !ttitu%e to!r%s *ro$ession!# %eve#o*)ent/ !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e te!&in" s,i##s/ "ui%!n&e s,i##s/ )!n!"e)ent s,i##s/ !n% ev!#u!tion s,i##s te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in instru&tion i& in&#u%e ,no#e%"e-'!se%

&o)*eten&ies/

!ttitu%e-'!se%

&o)*eten&ies/

!n%

s,i##-'!se%

&o)*eten&ies !n% te so#utions to te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in instru&tion i& !#so in&#u%e ,no#e%"e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies/ !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies/ !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies+ Tis i## 'e r!te% 'y TLE te!&ers in te *u'#i& se&on%!ry s&oo#s in te %istri&t o$ F#ori%!'#!n&!/ ivision o$ P!)*!n"!+ Students/ 0uestionnaire Te .uestionn!ire i## !#so &ont!in te te!&ers7 #eve#

o$ &o)*eten&ies in ter)s o$ ,no#e%"e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e )!stery o$ te su'(e&t )!tter !n% re&e*tivity to inte##e&tu!# i)*rove)ent !ttitu%e-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e !ttitu%e to!r%s te!&in" !n% !ttitu%e to!r%s *ro$ession!# %eve#o*)ent !n% s,i##-'!se% &o)*eten&ies i& in&#u%e te!&in" s,i##s/ "ui%!n&e s,i##s/ )!n!"e)ent s,i##s/ !n% ev!#u!tion s,i##s+ Tis i## 'e r!te% 'y te stu%ents in te *u'#i& se&on%!ry s&oo#s in te %istri&t o$ F#ori%!'#!n&!/ ivision o$ P!)*!n"!+ Construction and 2alidation of 0uestionnaire

Te rese!r&er i## un%er"o e3tensive re!%in" o$ #iter!tures !n% stu%ies in v!rious #i'r!ries/ in&#u%in" te N!tion!# Li'r!ry !n% i## &onsu#t ,no#e%"e!'#e *erson!#ities in


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 2

te $ie#% o$ &onstru&tion o$ .uestionn!ire #i,e er !%viser/ su*ervisor/ *rin&i*!#/ !n% se!sone%>e3*ert TLE te!&ers+ Te rese!r&er i## )!ster te "ui%e#ines in &onstru&tin" .uestionn!ire 'e$ore ritin" te )!nus&ri*t $or e%itin"+ Te .uestionn!ires i## ten 'e su'(e&te% $or v!#i%!tion+ A %ry-run i## 'e !%)inistere% to to 82; TLE te!&ers !n% tenty 82<; se&on%!ry stu%ents o$ !ruy! N!tion!# Hi" S&oo#/ Lu'!o/ P!)*!n"! in or%er to &e&, on te ite)s !n% .uestions sti*u#!te% in te .uestionn!ires !n% !#so to &e&, on tose .uestions i& !re $u##y un%erst!n% 'y te res*on%ents !n% oter re#ev!nt %!t! i& i## not initi!##y in&#u%e%+ Su""estions i## 'e note% !n% te ne&ess!ry &orre&tions i## 'e in&or*or!te% in te initi!# !n% $in!# %r!$t o$ te .uestionn!ire+ 3dministration of the 0uestionnaire and (ata Collection

Te rese!r&er i## see, *er)ission $ro) te H4TSU o$$i&i!#s !n% s&oo#s %ivision su*erinten%ent o$ P!)*!n"! to &on%u&t ! survey to te res*on%ents $ro) te $ive 8; *u'#i& i" s&oo#s in te %istri&t o$ F#ori%!'#!n&!/ ivision o$ P!)*!n"!+ U*on te !**rov!# o$ te re.uest/ te rese!r&er i## !s, *er)ission $ro) te s&oo# e!% or *rin&i*!# o$ te s!i% *u'#i& i" s&oo#s to &on%u&t te stu%y !n% !%)inister te .uestionn!ires to te res*on%ents !n% i## *erson!##y %istri'ute te &o*ies to te stu%ent !n% te!&er-res*on%ents+ Te res*on%ents i## 'e "iven !n !)*#e ti)e to !&&o)*#is te .uestionn!ires+ C#ose su*ervision in !%)inisterin" te .uestionn!ires !n% retrievin" 1<< o$ te .uestionn!ires i## %one torou"#y+ Statistical Treatment of the (ata

In !n!#y0in" !n% inter*retin" te %!t! "!tere%/ %es&ri*tive st!tisti&!# te&ni.ue su& !s $re.uen&y/ *er&ent!"e/ ei"te% )e!n/ !n% t-test !re use%+


INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCIES OF TLE TEACHERS OF THE K-12 PROGRAM 2

Te %es&ri*tive r!tin"s on nu)eri&!# r!tin"s o$ te te!&ers7 &o)*eten&ies #eve#s i## 'e '!se% on te $o##oin" 4eighted *ean ?+1 6 +<< =+1 6 ?+< 2+1 6 =+< 1+1 6 2+< 1+<< 6 1+<

Point Scale  ? = 2 1

(escriptive Rating 4C- 4ery Co)*etent MS- Mo%er!te#y Co)*etent LC- Less Co)*etent C- Co)*etent NC- Not Co)*etent

Me!ni#e/ te %es&ri*tive r!tin"s on nu)eri&!# r!tin"s o$ te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in instru&tion i## 'e '!se% on te $o##oin" 4eighted *ean ?+1 6 +<< =+1 6 ?+< 2+1 6 =+< 1+1 6 2+< 1+<< 6 1+<


(escriptive Rating 4S 6 4ery Serious S - Serious SS 6 So)e!t Serious MS 6 Mo%er!te#y Serious NP 6 Not ! Pro'#e)

On te oter !n%/ te %es&ri*tive r!tin"s on nu)eri&!# r!tin"s o$ te so#utions to te *ro'#e)s en&ountere% 'y te!&ers in instru&tion i## 'e '!se% on te $o##oin" 4eighted *ean ?+1 6 +<< =+1 6 ?+< 2+1 6 =+< 1+1 6 2+< 1+<< 6 1+<


(escriptive Rating 4A 6 4ery A**#i&!'#e A 6 A**#i&!'#e SA 6 So)e!t A**#i&!'#e MA 6 Mo%er!te#y A**#i&!'#e NA 6 Not A**#i&!'#e

Corre#!tion !n!#ysis i## 'e use% to %eter)ine te %i$$eren&e on te instru&tion!# &o)*eten&ies o$ te!&ers !s *er&eive% 'y te) !n% teir stu%ents+


The Instructional Competencies of Teachers - Revised (1)

Recommend Documents