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For Order This And Any Other Test Banks And Solutions Manuals, Course, Assignments, Discussions, Quizzes, Eams, Contact us At: whisperh At: [email protected][email protected] Test Bank Business Research Methods 9th Edition Solution Part One Introduction Chapter 1 The Role of Business Research AT-A-!A"CE I. The The Nat Natur uree of of Res Resea earc rch h A. Busines Businesss research research define defined d B. Applie Applied d and and basic basic busines businesss research research C. The scient scientif ific ic meth method od II. Manageria Manageriall Va Value of Busin Business ess Resea Research rch A. Identifyi Identifying ng problems problems or opportunities opportunities B. Diagnosing Diagnosing and assessing assessing problems problems or or opportunitie opportunitiess C. electing electing and implem implementi enting ng a course of action action D. !"aluatin !"aluating g the the course course of actio action n III. #hen #hen Is Busin Business ess Research Research Needed Needed$$ A. Time Time cons constra train ints ts B. A"ailab ailabil ilit ity y of of data data C. Nature Nature of the the dec decis isio ion n
Part One: Introduction
2
D. Bene Benefi fits ts "er "ersus sus cost costss VI. Busines Businesss Researc Research h in the %&st Centu Century ry A. Commun Communicat ication ion Techn Technolo ologi gies es B. 'lob 'lobal al busi busine ness ss rese researc arch h
!EAR"I" O#TCOMES &. %. +. ,. -. .
(nderst (nderstand and ho) ho) research research contri contribute butess to business business success success *no) *no) ho) ho) to defi define ne busines businesss research research (nderstand (nderstand the the differe difference nce bet)een bet)een basic and applied applied business business research (nderstand (nderstand ho) ho) research research acti"ities acti"ities can be used used to address address business business decisi decisions ons *no) )hen )hen business business research research should should and and should should not not be conduct conducted. ed. Appreciate Appreciate the )ay that technolog technology y and internationali internationali/ation /ation are changing changing business business research. research.
C$APTER %I"ETTE& ESP" $its a $o'e Run () !e*era+in+ the Po,er of its Business Research The !ntertainment and ports 0rogramming Net)or1 2!0N3 )as launched in &454 and has become become a media media 6uggernaut7 6uggernaut7 e8panding e8panding globally globally and in e"ery possible possible outlet. outlet. !0N.com is one of the most "isited sites on the #orld #orld #ide #ide #eb. #eb. Information has been slo)ly accumulating accumula ting as people interact )ith !0N content7 but this information )as located in separate databases and across diffe differen rentt operating operating units. units. !0N partnered partnered )ith )ith 9uaero7 a busines businesss research research company company that speciali/es in customer intelligence7 integrating databases and learning more about ho) fans use their media7 media7 and )hat specifically specifically they )ere loo1ing loo1ing for. for. !nhancing !nhancing the fan:s e8perien e8perience ce had bottom;line bottom;line implications implications for their re"enue re"enue and the re"enue re"enue of their ad"ertisers. ad"ertisers. It )as business business research that made this possible.
S#R%E T$IS. This feature feature allo)s allo)s students students to better better und understa erstand nd the research researcher:s er:s 6ob in determ determini ining ng )hat information is needed so that data can c an be analy/ed and become intelligence. intelligence. This first interaction )ith the <ur"ey This=> feature is for students to play the role of respondent and respond to the sur"ey. Instructors Instructo rs need to pro"ide instructions to access the ?uestionnaire "ia the Internet.
RESEARC$ S"APS$OTS
Harley-Davidson Goes Goe s Abroad Before @arley;Da"idson goes o"erseas7 it must perform considerable research on that mar1et. Consumers in some some countries might might prefer economical economical and practical motor bi1es 2e.g.7 rance or Italy3 others might might find find @arley more prestigiou prestigious. s. @arley learned learned that positi"e positi"e consumer opinions opinions and a boom booming ing economy economy )ere not enough to mo" mo"ee into India because high duties and emission emission rules )ould ma1e them cost prohibiti"e. prohibiti"e. ne opportunity for @arley to in"estigate is the gro)ing (.. )omen:s mar1et for bi1es7 )hich has nearly doubled since &44.
Chapter One: The Role of Business Research
3
Business Class Success? "erseas business business class airfares often cost bet)een bet)een E-7 and E&7. Research sho)s sho)s that business class tra"elers tra "elers )ant comfort7 ?uality food7 and con"enience con"enience on boarding. A fe) startup airlines are offering business;class only airlines. That is7 no coach class seats and business business class class seats seats )ith )ith fares ranging ranging bet)ee bet)een n E&7 E&7 and E+7F. @o)e"er7 @o)e"er7 the startups failed. Could more effecti effecti"e "e business business research ha"e determined determined these )ere not feasible business "entures$
“Jacques” Daniels (.. distilled spirits sales ha"e declined o"er the last &;&- years as more Americans turn to )ine or beer. beer. As a result7 result7 these mar1eter mar1eterss ha"e ha"e increased increased effor efforts ts to e8pand e8pand into international mar1ets. The producers of Gac1 Daniels conducted research and learned that 2&3 Gapanese consumers use Gac1 Daniels as a dinner be"erage7 2%3 Australian consumers mostly consume distilled spirits in their homes7 2+3 British consumers also li1e mi8ed drin1s7 but they usually parta1e in bars and restaurants7 and 2,3 in China and India7 consumers more often choose choose counterfeit or <1noc1;offs> to sa"e money. money. ne;half of all Gac1 Daniels sold is no) sold outside of the (..
O#T!I"E I. TH !A !AT"# T"# $% $% B"SI! B"SI!SS SS #SA# #SA#CH CH
Business research co"ers a )ide range of phenomena. or managers7 the purpose of research is to pro"ide 1no)ledge regarding the organi/ation7 the mar1et7 the economy7 or another area of uncertainty. #hil #hilee resear research chers ers in diff differ eren entt funct functio iona nall areas areas may may in"e in"est stig igate ate diff differ eren entt phenomen phenomena7 a7 they are similar similar to one another because they share similar similar research methods. The ultimate goal of research is to supply accurate information that reduces the uncertainty in managerial decision ma1ing.
Business #esearc& De'ined Business researc& is the application of the scientific method in searching for the truth about business phenomena. The process includesH idea and theory t heory de"elopment de"elopment • problem definitio definition n • searching for and collecting information • analy/ing data • communicating the findings and their implications • This definition suggests that business researchH information is not intuiti"e or hapha/ardly gathered • is accurate and ob6ecti"e7 using the scientific method • is designed to facilitate the managerial decision;ma1ing process for all • aspects of the businessH finance7 mar1eting7 human resources7 and so on. is limited by one:s definition of business •
Part One: Introduction
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A((lied and Basic #esearc& A((lied business researc& is conducted to address a specific business decision for a specific firm or organi/ation. Basic business researc& 2sometimes referred to as pure research3 is conducted )ithout a specific decision in mind and it usually does not address the needs of a specific organi/ation. Attempts to e8pand the limits of 1no)ledge in general7 and as such it is not aimed at sol"ing a particular pragmatic problem. @o)e"er7 there are "ery fe) aspects of research that apply to only basic or only applied research. This te8t uses the term business research more generally to refer to either type of research.
T&e Scien)i'ic *e)&od All research7 )hether basic or applied7 in"ol"es the scientific method. Scien)i'ic +e)&od is the )ay researchers go about using 1no)ledge and e"idence to reach ob6ecti"e conclusions about the real )orld. In"ol"es de"eloping hypotheses and testing them against empirical e"idence 2facts from obser"ation obser"ation or e8perimentatio e8perimentation3. n3. rom these results7 ne) 1no)l 1no)ledg edgee is ac?uired. (se in basic research leads to inferences and conclusions about phenomena and leads to the establishment of general la)s. (se in applied research ensures ob6ecti"ity in gathering facts and testing creati"e ideas for alternati"e business strategies.
In all of business strategy7 there are only a fe) business orientationsH roduc) orien)ed the firm prioriti/es decision ma1ing in a )ay that emphasi/es technical superiority in the product. Research is not a priority. prioriti/es efficien efficiency cy and effecti"e effecti"eness ness of the roduc)ion orien)ed the firm prioriti/es production production processes processes in ma1ing ma1ing decisions decisions 2i.e.7 2i.e.7 dri"e costs do)n3. do)n3. Research is not a priority. *ar/e)in0 orien)ed focuses on ho) the firm pro"ides "alue to customers more than on the physical product or production process. prime manager managerial ial "alue "alue of research research is that it pro"ide pro"idess inform informatio ation n that The prime impro"es the decision;ma1ing process. The decision;ma1ing process associated )ith the de"elopment and implementation of a business strategy in"ol"es four inter;related stagesH &. Identi Identify fying ing problem problemss or oppor opportun tuniti ities. es. %. Diagnos Diagnosing ing and assessi assessing ng proble problems ms or opportu opportunit nities ies.. +. electi electing ng and and imple impleme ment nting ing a course of of action. action. ,. !"alua !"aluatin ting g the the cours coursee of acti action on.. •
•
•
Iden)i'yin0 roble+s or $((or)uni)ies Business research can help managers plan strategies by determining the nature of situations or by identifying the e8istence of problems or opportunities.
Chapter One: The Role of Business Research
5
Business research may be used as a scanning acti"ity to pro"ide information about )hat is occurring )ithin an organi/ation or in its en"ironment.
Dia0nosin0 and Assessin0 roble+s or $((or)uni)ies After a problem or opportunity is identified7 business research can help clarify the situation by re"ealing underlying factors causing the situation7 e8ploring7 refining7 and ?uantifying an opportunity7 or assist in setting priorities.
Selec)in0 and I+(le+en)in0 a Course o' Ac)ion After the alternati"e courses of action ha"e been clearly identified7 business research is often conducted to obtain specific information that )ill aid in e"aluating the alternati"es and in selecting the best course of action.
valua)in0 )&e Course o' Ac)ion Business research may ser"e as a tool to tell managers )hether or not planned acti"ities )ere properly e8ecuted and if they accomplished )hat they )ere e8pected to accomplish. formal7 ob6ecti"e ob6ecti"e measuremen measurementt and appraisal of the valua)ion researc& Jthe formal7 e8tent a gi"en acti"ity7 pro6ect7 or program has achie"ed its ob6ecti"es. refers rs to rese resear arch ch that that regu regula larl rly y7 er'or+ance-+oni)orin0 researc& refe er'or+ance-+oni)orin0 sometimes routinely7 pro"ides feedbac1 for e"aluation and control of recurring business acti"ity. acti"ity.
III. III. 1H 1H! ! IS B"SI! B"SI!SS SS #SA #SA#CH #CH !DD !DD? ?
The determination of the need for research centers onH &. tim time cons constr trai aint ntss %. a"ai a"aila labi bili lity ty of data data +. natu nature re of of the the deci decisi sion on ,. "alue of the research information information in relation to costs costs
Ti+e Cons)rain)s ystematic research ta1es time. ometimes the urgency of a situation precludes the use of research.
Availabili)y o' Da)a #hen managers lac1 ade?uate information7 research must be considered. Data need to be collected from an appropriate source and in a timely fashion.
!a)ure o' )&e Decision The more strategically or tactically important the decision7 the more li1ely it is that research )ill be conducted.
Bene'i)s versus Cos)s #hen deciding )hether to ma1e a decision )ithout research or to postpone the decision in order to conduct research7 managers should as1 three ?uestionsH &. #ill #ill the the payoff payoff or or rate of return be )orth the in"es in"estmen tment$ t$ %. #ill #ill the informa informatio tion n gained gained impro"e impro"e the ?uality ?uality of the manageri managerial al decision decision enough to )arrant the e8penditure$
Part One: Introduction
6
+. Is the proposed proposed research research e8pendi e8penditure ture the the best best use of of the a"ailable funds$