(+) have/has (3rd form verb) (he has arrived; we have met)
(+) verb+ed (regular verb) or 2nd form (irregular verb) (talked; went) now
-a period or point in the past, unconnected to now
Past Tense
(–) didn't (go) did not (talk)
(?) Did (you) (go)...? What did (I) (say)...? When did (she) (go)...? Where did (they) (go)...?
yesterday; last month; 5 years ago; in 2001; when I was little...
(+) be going to (verb) (he is going to talk; we are going to meet)
now (–) She isn't going to like it. They aren't going to be there.
going to -
(?) Are you going to stay? What is he going to say? When is she going to leave?
-an intention -a plan -a sure thing about to happen
tomorrow; next month; later, in a few days, soon, when I'm done...; afterwards
now
(–) hasn't come haven't met
Present Perf .
(?) Have (you) met...? Where has (he) gone...? Why has (she) left...? What have (I) done...?
-process started in the past and lasts until now -process finished, effects still visible
up to now, just, yet, already, recently, since/for, so far, ever
(+) had verb+ed (regular) or 3rd form (irregular verb) (He had lost his keys before he left.) (–) When he came home, he hadn't found his keys.
now
Past Perfect
(?) Had (you) (gone)...? What had (I) (said)...? How had (she) (been)...? Where had (they) (talked)...?
-from a point in the past reaching further back into the past before, never before
(+) 1st form of verb (talk/talks; go/goes)
(+) will (verb) (will talk; will go)
now
now (–) won't (go) will not (talk)
-a period or point of time in the future -general, statement
Future Tense
(?) Will (you) (go)...? What will (I) (say)...? When will (she) (go)...? Where will (they) (go)...?
tomorrow; next month; 5 years from now; in 2020; later, in a few days, soon,
(+) be (verb)-ing (he is arriving; we are meeting, I am leaving)
(–) don't (go) doesn't (talk)
Present Simple
(?) Do (you) (go)...? What do (I) (say)...? When does (she) (go)...? Where do (they) (go)...?
often; sometimes; every week; usually; never, on Mondays, after work,
(+) be (verb)-ing (he is learning; we are going I am reading) now
(–) isn't (com)ing aren't (meet)ing
-a regular activity -general statement
Present Cont
(?) Are (you) (meet)ing...? Where is (he) (go)ing...? When is (she) (fly)ing...? What am (I) (do)ing...?
now
fixed appointments and arrangements
.
at five, this afternoon next Friday, on Tuesday,
(–) isn't (go)ing aren't (talk)ing
Present Cont
(?) Are (you) (go)ing...? What is (he) (say)ing...? When is (she) (go)ing...? What am (I) (do)ing...?
.
-in the middle of an activity -changing process (increase, rise, fall, improve, drop) at the moment; just (now); right now; Look!, Listen!, today this week/month/year, week/month/year,
