Flexi-Course Book
•
n1ca Students' Book and \Vorkbook
Contents 7.1 Dimensi ons P.52
1.2 Quantities p.54
Usi•'9 a spoeilicali0Tl$ Chait
Ho1v rortg i's 1't'? 1rs 9 mm JOl'lg. The Jeflgth OI lfle tOad i$ '20 km.
Specifying materials Buyng materials bra job
COuntatll& and unoountab&e noons I'd like some paint, please.
Spocily.ng dimensions
Usil'g a materials cheddis1
Bridge patts: deck. pie<, pylon Adleettveslnouns. IOn{/length, hlgf1/tte.ighr Ur'WW and weight: mm, m. kg .,.
&ibStanotS. glue, cement. otl .. Containers: tubtl. tin, bag ... Area and volume: m-. m'. titre •.•
wiW, won't Verbs: artach. complele. cormecl ... Time expressions: in 2015. at the end ol 2015
7.3 Future p ro jc<:t.s.
oescribing plans tor the luture
p.56
Using •Gantt Chari
8.1 RecGnt incidents p.SS
Taking an crt\Ocrgcncy call Explaining \\1\at has happened Checking on progress
Present perlecl
Car repair: brakes. exhausJ P.'P9 •.•
rve C/leCk(J(J me 1)(8/
Building she: beam. bucket.. digger ..
8.2 Damage a nd loss
Reponing damage Oea!!ng whh a cus1omer
Pas1paniciplc$ 3$ adjeelives; 1rs ~11. They're dented. There are some scmrches on the screen.
p.60
Elec:lrlcat an1enna, pk;g •.•
Damage: betlt, bfOken, ccnre
T1>Cl'C ~ llO ~tSCf tn.11)USJ.
8..3 Past events p,62
OiscuSSil'IQ past eve111s Phoning a rapa._1ShOI)
Past simple Tiley laVf'IChe(I }11112001,?. Timo $>11)fOSSiOn$: Jn Z001J. on !J' Octot>ef. filly years ago
Time: today. yesre«Jay. a week ago ... Revloon 01 dales and years mOfe than, less than
...
Review Unit D p 64
9.1 Operation p.68
9.2 Hotline p.70
9.3 User gulde p.72
Verb&.: conlrol. drivs, pross ..
ExplaPng tw;w1 lhings ~ E.xpfaftng whal lhings dO
Revision ot presen1 simple T/le hlll•dfelXlr steers the simoaro.
U~ening to an automated phone 1~$\\i:IC Using a servioe hotline Taking a customer through a problem and SOlvtlon
1$ the computer oonnneci'ed to ltle arfflpfef? $h()fl t1nsw01$: Yft$, J /J..'lvtl N(). ii dOttSl'l'I'. ~.itis.
Electronics and computing: RFJSCART SOd
Using a flow chan U$ing ft 1roubleshootlng guide
Zero concitionaJ + impera!Ne If it doesn'r start. check. the cable.
Electronics· LEO. ~{C.tblf) Computing: disk drive. prirrler ...
Pans: body, lever ..
Connechons· anached to. mounred on ..
Car repair: flat (batter» . 10.1 Rul es and warnings p.1'4
Foffowing ~.lety 1019$ Giving and tollo\Wlg warnings Using safety signs
could, n'llght, ttluSI Alw~s ..• DOii 1.,. Yc<1 mushl 1..
lOO niighl ltaP JIOt" httnd
Safety gear: hard hat. gJoves ...
Hazards: poison, danger ... Accidents.: hurl. injure, rm.,o .. Shnpes: Cirr:ul.1r_ro1.1nd ...
10.2 Safety hazards
p.76 10 .3 lnve,stlg:n ions
p,78
Giving and lotlow1ng wa~ Noi.clng salety hazards Repo11ing salelY hai:ards
Pasl tense of bo The fire exit was rocked. There Wf!fe no fire extinguishers.
Questions in the past simple lmresllgatlng an aociden; Rcl)()f'ling 3n aoeident Where? Wilen? How hfgh? Whar? How fat? GiW'IQ. acoeJ)ling and luming dt)M'\ en irN!labon Hown>any?
Ha:ar\1 nouns: (}Jp, b8fe 1vife .. Hazard adjectiYeS; ~ dc1~cd, /ockJJd ... Safety: fire exit safsly cone ... Nouns on a iorm: position, aftitudo, distance ..
Rewew Unit E p 80 11.1 Pistons and valves p.64
E.xpJessA-lg causation, permission and prevenuon Expl3.t\IOQ h0-11 a touf·Stage cycle wor1
Verb oons1ruetions
e.a1.1se. aNow + :o infiniti\le make. let+ bare infinitive
s top, prevent + from + gerund 11.2 Switches and relays P.'86
A$V10W
Explall'llng how a relay circuit works
Fu rther practice of verb patterns in 11 .1
Electrical: battery, btrzur, earlh
Further p1actice of verb -patterns in 11 . 1 Reference wOfds: ;i. one
To1bines; blade. brake. gear, Verbs: drive. 10ta1e. send ..
GilMQ an oral presen1a1100
11.3 Rotors an d tutbines p.86
Explaining how a wind turbine worts
12.1 Data p.90
0$Sc1ibing specilicalioos Expressing approximation Checking lhat data is 001rect
Aev1sio1l 01<1ues11on torms 1$ lNt correct? No. thJt'S wrong
A,pproximauon: atxxtt. O'·V!Jf, ar reast .. Noons· mas.s. r<>rat.iOfl
Revision or il't~raUve v1ith p1esen1 continuous
Revision ol controls,. vehieles. direction
ReVl$ion 01 present ~rltX::', past slm(l6&.
Mahtenance and repair: Cheek, inspect,
prosen1 COfllinuOU$, and Wlif
tlS~Ole ...
Gl.J.ng an oral presentation Making svgges11ons
12.2 In stru ction s
Folov1ing spoken in$1rocli0ns
p.92
Confirn'Wlg actions Describing results of actions
12.3 Progress p.94
Oescri~ maint-onanoo work Checking progress with a Gantt chart
OOVCJbS, verb$ of movc1ncnt
Unit F p 96
Grammar summary p.100
Reference section p.108
Extra material p.112
Audio script p.116 Workbook follows p.122 Contents •
3
Specifications 1 Dimensions
Slart here
Listening
Whal do you know about !his bridge?
2
I
What's It called?
2 3
Where is it? How high Is it?
IE.D Listen to part of a 1V programme about the bridge. Check your answers to 1.
3 Work In pairs. Which of tht following can you see in the photo? cab'e
4
deck
pier
pylon
span
Km
Listen to the next part o f l he lV programme and com1>tete the specifications of the br ldije. Millau Brld 99: apec::lf1Catlon1
,,_ ..,.,_IM'ldl«l,,...f
Ooril.o.i•to~
~ .....
,00 •• 100 ...
(l)~t>t.Jyed
Length of outer spans
Completion date
(2) ~=-21X>4
Ma:onal cables and dt<:k
(3)
._... .,....._"""'
Material P'9'S
..
~~ -~
"
. .111111
..._.......
Structure
(7) (8 )
(9)
(4)
l-te9it of deck aboYe waww
(10)
(5)
Leng1h oC """'
(11)
Wdhofdec:k
(12)
18)
m
km
Vocabulary
5
Complete the table.
I::"'"
-
~ ~
wide
6 Complete the scntenctt with the correct word in brackets. The - - - of the road is 6 m. (wide/width) TI1e river ls 230 km _ _ _ _ (lo ng/length) The sea has a _ _ _ of 330 m. (deep/depth)
These pylons are over 80 m _ _ _ _ (high/height) These oil wells are more than 700 m - -- - (d~p/depth) TI1e total _ _ _ of the road Is about 120 km. (long/length) 8
Language
The tunnel is IS m - - - · (wide/width) The _ _ _ of the bridge ls 130 m. (high/height)
-•9>
wide
long
Speaking
rt? are they?
IS
0
hS They're
millmetres
high
10
~Ires
wide
100
me1res
1000
kilometree
long deep
7 Make questions about the Mlllau Bridge. Use the specification chart in 4.
8
Work In pairs. Ask and answer your questions In 7.
Example 1V presenter. How long are the mner spaTU? Engmeer. 771ey're 342 metres long. Task
9
Work in pairs. Find out the sl>C(:iflcations of your partner·s bridge .
Type ol structure
Student B. Turn to page 114.
Counby
Student A: I Ask Student B questions about the
P 19fS (number) Span (lengltl)
Akashl-Kalkyo Bridge. Complete your spttlltcatlons chart. TI1en change roles. Turn to page 112 and answer St udent questions about I he Rion-Ant irion Bridge.
s·s
1111111•1•111s1•111tmrn1111
~
2 Quantities Start here
Try the quiz. Match lhe names of the buildings to the pk:tures. Write lhe
number and the approxlmttte height of each building.
A
~ ToweraDoM,~
f'ic1o.1'9 fl ___;'*11'1t--m
, ..
B Flldilratlon Towtt, Rutti.
lf'icUe • -
1:
tieor.1t--"'
C Abr• I Al B• i1 Tovr«s, Stl.ldl Ar• bl• jpict1.X9• __;t-.gl'lt ,,...
' "' t:
0
Se.rsT_., USA
f'K."hn •
..
E
'"
F
~
111
~sT--. W.i.y.i.
.......
---~
T.ip.1101, Tlliw_,
~ ·-,,.,,. --~ G
~Woftd
ftrwK.... c.ntr., ~
FblN· -hiV"
Reading
----
2
1121111 Usten and check your answers to 1.
3
Read the FAQs from the webslle and match them to the answers.
This is Taipei 101 . It 11 currently the highest in t he world. Here are some frequently asked questions (FAQs) about the build ing.
~·IClOOtW,..,.eigf'll
,....,.,,...,.'-"' .... 1'f0.000~..,..-
... s,_,.,. ... « ... ..,.
~
1 How hlg/> IS Taipei 101? 2 Whats the loo/pnnt ol the bWJding? 3 How many storeys does d have? 4 How do you gollo 1116 lop? 5 Whals the building made ol? How mvch steel and concrete 1s in the building exactly?
A
~ 700.000
B
Syaiper-laslelemol'Thrt~h.MIWO~~Each~l,.,...117m.'a
kw1oM
C U)1
1..,.. .....
°""" 509 mcr...
0 • .,,...,. llboooe ~ ht9lt ol E Aewitorwd ccnc.-. -.. .....,_.-Id gtna.
F ThebMeollhetuldil'OMl81'1.,..cllibout.t50rri'
Language
Countable nouns can be both singular and plural. E:.'
cement Is uncountable
~
a one
screw
some
some
cement
two
screw
•S
a bag of two bags or
a bag of rwo bags of
Do you need
4
some/any
screws? cemenl?
How
many
(screws)
much
(cement)
do you need?
Complete the d ialogue with the words in the box. any how many
• O • 0 • O • O • O •
much
some What colour What size
Good morning. Ca11 I help you? Hello. Do you have (l ) - - - - - - screws?
Certainly. (2) - - - - - do you need? Ten mil.
OK. And (3) - -- - - - - - - - d o you need? Fifty. please.
Rigf11. So that's fifty 10 mi/ screws. Anything else? Yes. I need to buy (4) paint, please . (5) ? Black.
OK. So (6) - - - - - - - - --black paint do you need?
0 Six large tins, please.
• Anything else? O No. that's all, thanks.
5
•1'he: t5L:,say: 15/drQ$
Make similar dialogues w ith your partner. Use the questions in the box and the information from the table.
How many? How much? What colour? What kind? What size? Whal type?
To buy ... ~
Item
Quanllly
Kind, size or colour
screws
50
tO mm
pain1
6 large tins
black
glue
2tubes
supergtue
nuts
30
15mm
°'bolls '
15 L
motor oil
60
25mm
cement
20 bags
white
nails
2 packets o4 50
20mm
a
55
3 Future proj ect s
----+---main tunnel
Start here
1 Work in pairs Look at the picture. What is it? How does the vehicle move? 2 CiFM Listen to this radio Interview and complete the specification chart. Trans-Atlantic MagL•vTube
Language
Locahon of tubo
( 1) Under the Atlantic Ocean from Bnt.im to me USA
Possible date of completlon
(2) 2t00
Length
(3)
km
Depth below sea tevet
(4)
m
N'"'1ber of cables
(5)
Speed of train
(6)
Souroe of power tor train
(7)
kmito
l.:se will and won't to predict a future fact or event. They/We
My company The engineers
!When
woll noc won't
Wiii they/you
Will
3
Wiii ·11
buolcl 11 n 2050.
__
build n?
In 2050.
build n In 2050?
Yes, they Wiii. / No, they won't.
Disagree with each statement. I 2 3 4 5 6
The engineers wlll start the tube in 2020. (2080) The tube will be under the Pacific Ocean. (Atlantic) The tube will connect Britain with Europe. (the USA) The train will use diesel (magnetism) The tube will contain compressed air. (a vacuum) The trains wlll travel al I I .OOO km/h. (8000 kmfh)
Example. I They u:on ·1 start the tube m 2020. They'll start it in 208Q. 56
_,
Reading
4
Read this interview and p roduce a specilicalions chart !or the bridge (see 2 on page 56). Use the words in the box. completion date deck
height
length
materials pier
pylon
span
Bridge of the Future:
Europe-Africa Bridge RadloTech presenter Tom Burns interviews e ngineer Galal Ha1ndy.
Tom: Galal: Tom· Galal: Tom: Galal: Tom: Galal:
Tom: Galal:
What project are you working on now? We're designing the world"s longest bridge. Where will it be? ll<'tween Morocco and Spain. It'll connect Europe with Africa. What are the specifications of the bridge? It " 111 be almost 15 km long. In our design. the bridge will have two spans. Each span will be 4800 m long. That's a very long span. How will that be possible? The bridge will have three steel pylons, on concrele piers. The pylons w111 be IOOO m high. The deck wtll be very light and strong. It'll be made of fibreglass. Many engineers think you won't be able to build this bridge. I don't agree. I think we' ll complete it around 2030.
Speaking
5
Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about the specifications o f the bridge.
A: How long will the bridge be?
6 Task
B: It will be almost 15 km long.
Here is a possible project schedule for the Europe-Africa Bridge. Roleplay an interview between a 1V p resenter and an engineer.
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
lay tounclalions 2 build piers
3 put pylons on piers 4 attach cables to pylons
5 make deck 6 fix deck lo cables 7 build roads
8 open bridge
7V Presenter: When will you build the piers~ Engineer.· We'll start in 2026 and fin ish in 2027. Social English
7
How do you think t he wo rld will change in the next 20 years. Think about technology, social, political and legal c hanges.
Example: Computers will control more things in our homes.
a
57
2 Damage and loss Start here
1
Do you have any damaged too ls or equipment ? Describe the damage to your partner.
Vocabulary
2
Do you remember the verbs in the box'? Match them with the pictures. bend
Task
3
break burn
crack
cut
dent
scratch
tear
Correct the mi stakes in this checklist.
Quick Start guide Check all these i tems are in the box and in good condition.
lf any i tems are damaged or missing contacc Cuscomer Servi ces immediately. item
in box
condition
radio
.I
damaged
• radio antenna • body of radio
OK cracked
. display screen
60
11
Listening
4 &"UW
Speaking
5
power cable wi!h plug
noolug
4 AA batteries
.I
OK cable OK OK
t user manual
no manual
-
1 pair headphones
.I
1 LH external speaker
.I
1 AH external speaker
.I
2 cables for speakers
.I
OK OK OK OK
Look at the picture in 3. Listen to the telephone conversation and check the list.
Look at the picture in 3 again. Make sent ences about the damage and the things that are missing. Use these sentence patterns. Ways to report damage
Ways to report something missing
The screen is scratched. There's a scratch on the screen. The speakers are denced. There are some dents on the speakers.
The manual is missing. There's no manual in the box.
The cable has no plug./ The cable doesn't have a plug. There's no plug on the cable.
Language
Focus on action
Focus on result o f action
the radio.
I have dented Ho has broken
The radio
the speakers. The speakers
Ipast participle I 6
IS
dented broken.
are
I adjective
Rewrite the sentences In the same way as in the table above. Focus on result of action
Focus on action
I've scratched 1he display screen. 2 Someone has bent the anlenna. 3 I've burn1 the body or the radio. 4 Someone has dented the top of the speaker. 5 They've cracked the cover or the plug. 6 Someone has tom the user manual.
7
Complete the sentences with lhe correct form of th e words in the box. bend
crack
cut
denl
scratch
tear
II
8
I
Th e side of the box is _ _ __
2 3
The lenses of the goggles are - - - - The surface of the road Is - - - - -
4 5 6
The insulation o f the cable is - - - - The pipe below the tank is - - - - The overalls are _ _ __
t
Re\\'rite the sentences in 7 to give the same 111eaning.
There's a .... f There are some ... . Example: I There's a dent in the side of the box. Task
fronl .,.. rear lho steering wheel Is always o/lsKJo.
9
Work in pairs. f'ind out the damage to your partners car. Student A: 1 Ask Student B q uestions about the damage to their car. Label your d iagram. 2 Then change roles. Turn to page 112.
wind1eroon
boot
Student B. Turn to page 114. • What's the p roblem?
O 111e door is scrarcfled. • Which door? O 771e back I from nearside one. • Anything else?
ReportJnR:
11
6t
3 Past events Start here
1
Work In pairs. V.'hen did these events happen?
Give the approximate year of the first ... I space station 6 •1>accwalk 2 telescope In space 7 man on the Moon
3 man in space 4 space tourist S satellite Reading
2
8 shuttle in space 9 crew to enter the lnternallonal Space Station 10 European navigation satellite
Read this chart and check your answers to I.
Event
Date
o._,..,,.,_ IQ57
The Ra5(1ms laun.;htd c;:ru-n1L. 1ht firo 'Ollelhtc! 2 'un Ga,e3fl.D bt\:.nmt lbc fir,I nun in ~pat.~. ' L.COftO\' made the fiN ..-alk 1n '?Jle.
5
t TI.e fir..l tnen. Arrru.tronc anJ Aldt1n, hmdeJ oo the t.ioon
.?OJul) 1%9
' Tiw RuS;1>i:1n,;; lau1~hcd 11~ firi.c 'l).;11..~ ..1.uit•n. S1.1Jyut I 6 l1k! An1ttic:ao:> put the t1n.l .. hu1dc 1nh1 -.pM...-c. 1 NASA c;en1 the Hubble iclcM:<,pt lnt oi-~•«
12 llpnl 198 1 l.& Apnl 1990
M ~ rlr)I crev. eotcn:d the Jn1emat1ooal Space Station. 9
IO
The first ~P'KC tuun\I Oe. into "();a:~
Th<""- laanch<.l Wl1i«>. a sloOOI nmpooo -.1tl1•1t Language
11 AJ"'I 1'161 18 \t1ud1 196S I 9 llpnl 1971
2 'l
D
This Is the past simple form of th~ verb. • •
You can use it to talk abou1 past el)('nts. Use the past simple with dales. limes or e>Cpressions such as: yesterday, last year, When?
When
did
he/sliefil/tlioy/walyou
go
tr.wel
there?
'"2007
Speaking
Ute on IOI' 11'18 exact day:
°" ""' ,.,. ol May 2005 u.. k>c' amorun or a
,,,,,..,.,,,2005 MJ
~
3
Make quesllons and answers about the table In 2. A: When d1d the Russians launch Sputnl//? B. They launched ii 011 the 5'' of October 1957. (or. They launched it In 1957.)
Vocabulary
ago = before now
If it is the 15• of November today ...
lf rtis10.15now ...
Im> days ago • 13"' November t~ WHks ago= 1• November two months ago= 15" September
'lbu can say tht f~tn of NowJ-mtw or fll()...,,-,bfN the lil!eenftl.
4
five minutes ago = 10.10
an hour ago • 9.15 two hours ago = 8.15
Write the name of this month on the calendar. Put a circle round today's date. Then say what the following dates are. today
I
2 yesterday
3 the day before yesterday 4
5 6
5 morfl than 50 .. fess than 50
two days ago one week ago two weeks ago
6 13 20
27
7
8
14
15 22 29
21 28
3
2 9 16
10 17
23
24
30
31
5 12 19 26
4 ll
t8
25
Make statements about the chart in 2 using ago and approximate years from today's date.
J
Example: 1 The Russians launched Sputnik more rhan 50 years ago.
6 &!j!M
Listen and complete the phone call.
•
Hello, Electronic Repairs. Don speaki ng. How can I help you? O Hi. My name's Ben Jones. I've (1) my MP3 player. Can you repair it? •
OK. sir. What's lhe model number?
0 II 's a Super 30 GB. •
o
And when d id you (2) - - - - - it? Er, let'.< see ... Yes, I (3) ii on tile /8'• of August.
•
And what's the problem?
O I've (4) •
it and I've (5) _ _ _ _ the screen.
And, er ... when did you (6) _____ the screen?
O Yesterday. • OK, bring It into the shop and I'll look at it. O Thanks. Bye.
7
Work in pairs. Make similar phone calls.
Item 1
Item 2
Item 3
Item :
MP3 player
mobile phone
laptop
Model no:
60GB
9300
Travel 380
Date of purchase:
15" February
13" October
21• July
Damage:
dented cover
dropped in water
broken cover
Date of damage:
three days ago
day before yesterday
lwo weekS ago
-
Social English
8
Make a list ol interesting things you have done in your life, with their dates. • •
9
climbed Mont Blanc in June 2006 snorkelled in tlie Red Sea in August 2007
Tell other students i n your class about your list. Kt"po t tln'=!
D
63
Review Unit D Make questions for these answers.
I
It's about 50 m wide . (the road) ~
They're 90 m high. ( the pylons) 3
lt"s more t han 2 km long. (t he deck or the bridge)
4
It's about 35 m In height (t he scaffolding)
S They'r e 15 m deep. ( the foolldatlons of the building)
They're about 12 m in length. (t he steel beams) 2
Change these nouns to adjectives
t depth 2
height
3 widlh 4 length
3 Rewrite the sentences to give the same meaning.
l
What Is the height of the bridge? 4 The length of the new road is 355 km. This new rood is _ _ _ __
HowhiqhistJlt!bndoe'i
The height of the tower Is 46 m.
5
The tower is
What ls the de1>th of the sea unde r the br idge? How
4
What are the widths of the screws? How The depth of the well ls more than 30 m. The well is _ _ _ _ _ __
Make questions for these answers
I
It has ten. (s toreys I building) Howl!1.1nv :irpm.,doe~ t.he MdM h.ii:-r?
He needs 20 ki los. (cement I builder) They're using two. (cranes I men) 4
It needs about 4 litres. (oil I car)
I'm buytng 150. (screws I you) They can carry about 50 cubic metres. (concrete / ten trucks)
64
M!&ME
5 Read the text. Label the diagram with a ll the parts and dimensions In italics. This cable-stay bridge has 20 cables. The deck of the bridge is 1.2 km long. nnd is 185 111 nbove water level. Each pier is 35 m wide. The spa11 between the two piers is 832 m long. Each pylan is ./5 111 high above the road deck.
-
-
-
--
6 Work in pairs. Order what you need to build the Burj Dubai skyscraper. trucks / 40,000 concrete / 150,000 m'
cranes f 3 steel / 25,000 tonnes
steel poles / 12,000 aluminium / 15,000 tonnes
A: I need to order some concrete/ some trucks. B: OK. How muc/1 concrete/ Now many trucks do you need? A: I need ... .
7 Complete the dialogue. • Engineers are p lanning to build a tunnel under the sea. O Where will the tunnel be? • It'll be between Spain and Morocco. O /low long (I) - - - - -- - - - - be? • It (2) _ _ _ _ _ __ __
Location: • Between Spain and Morocco Length:
• 40 km Number of railway lines:
O Now many (3) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ have?
•2
e It (4) - - - - -- - - 0 Now (5) _ __ __ _ _ _ _ ? e It (6) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Width:
0 Now CTJ--- - - - - - - -? e It ( 8 ) - - -- -- - - 0 When (9) _ _ _ tlie engineers ----~' e They (IO)--- - - - - - - -
• Sm Oopth (botow sea • 300m
level):
Completion date:
• 2025
8 Answer these q uestlons. Did they complete the Millau Bridge in 2000? (2004) No they didn't They completed it In 2004
2
Have you ever worked in an electronics company? (video shop)
3
Will they build a bridge from Africa to Europe? (a tunnel)
4
Are they constructing the tunnel now? (planning and designing)
5
Uas NASA ever put men on Mars? (the Moon)
6
Did Russia launch the first satellite in 1960? (1957)
•
65
66
9 Rewrite the sentences using the present perfect tense. Remember: don't use a time expression (such as yesterday o r an hour ago) with the present perfect. My car broke down live minutes ago. My wir has broken down. 2
NASA launched the space shuttle fifteen minutes ago.
3
A virus attacked our office computers two h ours ago.
4
I wrote the email and I sent it to the customer yesterday.
5
T he technician took the hard drive out o l the computer an hour ago.
6
The exhaust pipe !ell oll my car ten minutes ago.
10 Look at the pictures. Say what's missing, in three dillerenl ways. Example: I The wheel has no wheel nuts. I The wheel doesn't have any wheel nuts. I There are no wheel nuts on the wheel.
11 Complete the table. Focus on action He's dented the front bumper.
Focus on result of action
--------
The front bumper is dented.
2 You've broken the windscreen. 3
Someone has burnt the rear seat of the car.
4 We've bent the poles of the scaffolding. 5 They've torn the safety jackets. 6 Someone has scratched the rear
panel of the car.
12 Complete the table. The antenna is - - - - -
There's a small - -- - - i n the antenna.
2 The fire has burnt the walls.
The walls are - - - - -
There are two large
3 You've cracked the window.
The window i s - - - - -
There are some
My shirt is
There's a
He's bent the antenna.
4 I've
torn my shirt.
ReVt{'\\' ll1u t D
on the \Valls.
in the \vindow. in my shirt.
13
Rewrite these sentences to give the same or similar meaning. l
There's a scratch on th is cover.
Thls cover is
2 There are no wheels on the car.
The car has
3
The cables don't h ave any plugs.
There are
4 5
The windscreens are cracked. There's no workshop manual in this garage. There Is a dent ln the roof of Uie car.
There are some This garage doesn't
6
The roof
14 Complete this dialogue with the correct form of the verb in brackets. • Where did you buy your safety equipment? O I (I)
(buy) It online. over the Internet.
• Tliat's good. How did you (2) (find) tile websi1e? O I (3) (find) it through Google. I (4) (key) in the words 'safety gear '.
• lfow ( 5 ) - - - - - - ( y o u I pay) for ii? Did you (6) _ _ _ _ (use) your own bank cord? O No, no. My com1>any (I) _ _ _ _ (give) me a credi t card last week. I (8)
(use) that.
• Thais greal. When (9) O They ( 10)
(yau I receive) tile goods? (come) yesterday, by express mail.
15 Write a description o f this water tower and how it works. Use the notes below.
(' r ('
r
r r (' (' (' (' (' (' ('
Water tower Funct.ert fCCre/ 1t:1te.r ~ fhe. M/Jnp.Yol~ t"""".;I~ ,.,
fbt:a1.':ff;:.. t(?~ - g3J~.d p.teef
""'*-"*""""'"ar.d,_,...,
-.llt I a
$ ...
5
eirtl".IWilttf'/ •t;lw iup lf'lfO/ t.1"11:' tJtil. /!ltcf"dl• lkr
-
Cttr#·YaUrl'\:iw ldoM'll~
Projects
16
'r..tklt:c/Clty
Choose one of these projects and follow the instructions. Find out some facts about a famous structure (for example a b ridge or building). Write a short article about ii for an in-flight tourist magazine. 2
Design a new bridge, tunnel, or transport li nk (e.g. railway line or hovercraft route) to connect two places. Find out some facts about the location (for example. the width o f a lake, the depth o f the lake, the height of the land beside the lake. and so on). Write a short article about it for a technical magazine. a) Draw a simple diagr am of your design. Mark the dimensions. b) Produce a specifications chart. c) Write a short description. •
67
Troubleshooting 1 Operation Start here
1
Work in pairs. How does this vehicle move? Discuss with your partner.
2
What do the main 1>arl s do'/ Complete the chart. Part
Function
drive the fan pull the air in +- force tho au down
control !he speed encl a<:Celef81oon
saeer lhe airboard
Listening
3 &'IW Listen and check your answers.
4
Listen again and com1>lele the dlalo~ue. look at the airboard. You con see the five main pans: the body, tire e11gi11e,
•
the fan, the handlebar artd tire two IPvers. The body (I) Svf!POrt• lhe rlcler the fan . 17te ltandlebar (3)
and the ertgine (2)
-nw•uh. oipwmos
airboard left ond right.
O Ah yes, I see. So what (4) the fan (5) ? • It (6) t11e air irt artd (7) it downwards. O Right. Aod what (8) __ the two levers (9) ?
• Language
I
They (10)
does lhe engine
the speed and accelerat1on ol the airboord.
7
II
'_c1o ___lh_e_1eYe_r__·•_c1o__TI>ey
._Wha __
drNe ccn1ro1
-s
lhe Ian.
I
the speed.
5 Make short dialogues ab<>ut th<' 1>arts of the airboard. I fan I cool the engine"/ no + push air downwards 2 engine/ drive the wheels'/ no + drive the Ian 3 levers / stop the airboard'/ no + Increase the speed 4 handlebars / co11trol the brakes"/ no + steer the airboard A: B: A: 8:
68
Does the fan can/ the e11gi11e? f'•lo, it doesn't. So, what does it do? It pushes air dou.nwards.
tire
Reading
6
Read th is ar ticle from a tech nical magazine and answer the questions below.
THf HI RBO HRD
how it works
You stand on the ail'board and ride it like a skateboard. The board moves on a
it downwards. This pushes the vehicle " upwards and propels~ forwards. On the cushion of air, like a small hovercraft. It has body there is a tibreglass platform. This a 'ibr09fass body, an engine, a large fan. supports the rider. The skirt contains the a
~lexibl e
rubber skirt, a friction wheel, a
nandtebar and two levers. The engine and the fan are mounted on lhe body. The skirt and the friction wheel are suspencled from the body. The handlebar s mounted on the body, at the front. The evers are attached to the handlebar.
air and the cushion of air supports the 20
airboard. The rider uses the handlebar to steer the board. One lever controls the speed of the engine and the fan. The other lever controls the friction wheel. The friction wheel touches the ground for one or two seconds and accelerates the airt>oard into
The engine drives lhe fan. The function ol the fan is to suck air in and to force
,. the air. If you want to stop, simply release the levers. ,.,.....
I
~
.,ri
.---
What is the friction wheel for"?
2 ls the skirt above or below the body? What is it made of? Can you bend it? 3 Wh ich part or the airboard does the rider stand on'/ 4 What happens H you take your hands oH the levers? 5 Does propel (line 15) mean pull, push, hold or controf? 6 F'ind words which mean the oppos ite or { l) backwards (2) upwards.
press -it release
Language
7
Rewrite the sentences to give the same meaning. I 2 3 4 5 6
The purpose o r the handlebar is to steer the airboard . The j ob o r those levers is to control the speed or the airboard. The function o r the friction wheel is to accelerate the airboard. The purpose o f the ran and the engine is to propel the airboard forwards. The function o f the skirt is to hold the air and to support the ai rboard. The job of the l)ody and the platform is to support the rider.
Example: I The handlebar steers the airboard.
Vocabulary
8 Match the pictures with the sentences. 1 X is attached to Y. 2 X is suspended from Y.
3 4
X Is mou nted on Y. X is connected to Y. [jJ
9 Complete these sentences. Use each ph rase once on ly. attached to
connected to
mounted on
suspended from
I
The huge cables of the Millau Bridge a r e - - - - - - - steel pylons.
2 3
The pylons and the road deck are Close the circuit switch. Now the lamp is
4
The shelf is - - - - - - - the wall with screws.
concrete piers. the current.
Trt111l1lt-•sluu1l 111~
11
69
2 Hotline Listening
1 &j!.i
Listen to the automated message on the phone. The customer wants to talk to the service technician about a computer problem. Which three keys does the customer press?
2
& >ipi The customer gets th rough to the service technician. What does the technician say? Complete the text below. •
Hello. you've { I)
the computer
service hotline. This is Jan (2) technician. How (3) _ __
I'm the
1(4) _
_
_
you?
3 M?ti0M
Listen to this phone call to a service hotline. What mistakes did the customer make when he set u1> his wireless router? Delete the wrong words.
computer
The router is/ isn '1 connected to the power outlel/comp11/er/ modem.
2
T he customer has/ has11 't connected the computer to th e
power outlet/router/ mode m. Speaking
4
Work in pai rs. Practise similar conversations. •
USEFUL LANGUAGE
0 Yes. this is ... speaking. I'm the technician. How can I help you?
ts me ... connected to the ... ? Have you connected your ... totho ... ?
•
9
·rnn1bl1._-shoot1ng
.1/y router doesn't work.
0 OK. I'll talk you through II. Are you sitting at the computer now? • Yes. I Ctm . 0 OK. Look at the back. Is the ... connected to the ... ?
5
70
lie/lo. 1s that the ff 1!01/i11e?
Work In pairs. Make more dialogues about the situaHons In these pictures.
Language
6
Write short form answers for these questions.
I
Are the lights on·/ .I Yes. they are. X No. they aren't.
2 Is the computer connected to the adapter ! ,/ )<
3 Have you sent the email? .I
4
Does your new rad io work?
5
)< .I Did you go to the cinema yesterday?
.I
6
)<
Can I speak to your brother?
.I
7
)<
Do you work in the city?
.I
8
)<
Are you sitting at the computer now?
.I
)<
9 Do those speakers cost a Jot of money? /
)<
10 Has your car broken down? )<
,/
7 & ·'JiM
Look at 6 again and listen to the questions and answers. You will hear o nly o ne answer to each question. Repeat each answer.
Task
8
Work in pairs. Find out all the d ifferences between your wi ring diagram and your partner's. Hint: there are at least ten d ifferences of (a) location of sockets and (b) wiring connection. Instructions. • Student A, turn to page 115. • Student B, this is you r wiring diagram.
USEFUL LANGUAGE dlgltal receiver, DVD, VCR, TV, antenna, SCART socket,
digit.al rece
.·='""
RF socket, in, out, power,
socket Do you have a/an ... ? Look at the . .. . Where is the .. . ?
TV
Does the ... connect to the . .. ? Have you connected the ... to the .. . ? Is the ... connected to the . .. ?
"'
DVD
KEY:
• RF &OCket
=== SCART $0C~I Troubleshooting
11
11
3 User guide Start here
1 & >if# Listen and co1nplete the flow char t. Press _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ Press lhe power butlon. If lhe computer does nol start, check the green LED. 3
Reading
Check
2 Draw a similar flow chart based on the solutions in this troubleshooting guide.
Notebook computer - troubleshooting FAQ I pressed the power bu tton and opened the display, but the computer does n ot start or boot-up.
Try these solutions: 1
Press the po\ver button again.
2 3 4 5 6
If the computer does nol s1ar1, check the green LED. If the green LED is off, check the power source. If the power source is off, S\viteh on the po,ver and press the power button again. If the computer does not start, check the disk drive. If there is a disk in lhe drive, take ii out and press the power bollon again.
- ------ ----- -------- ---Language
C·ondition
Instruction
If
the car slarts,
drive away.
the car doesn't s1ar1,
check lhe battery.
the tight is off,
press lhe power bullon.
there is a disk in the drive,
take it out
3
Make sentences with if from these shor t dialogues.
• Is the light on'/ • No, it isn't. • OK. Press the switch.
3
2 • Does the airboard start? • No, it doesn't. • OK. Turn the key.
4
I
• •• •• •
Are there any numbers on the screen? No, there aren't. OK. Press the keys.
5 • Is the battery flat?
Are the LEDs orr? Yes, they are. OK. Push the power but Ion.
6
Example: J if the light isn't on. press the switch.
72
9
I
Troubleshoollng
••
Yes, it is . OK. Either replace it o r recharge it.
•• •
Do the speakers work? Yes, they do. OK. Connect them to the computer.
Safety 1 Rules and warnings Start here
1 Work in pairs. What safely rules are in you r workplace or college? Make a list. 2 M?i'Fi Usten and complete the warnings with the words in the box. don't I
2 3
3 4
You -
musl
musm't
- - - wear a hard hat on the building site. go thro ugh that door!
You
wear salcty gloves everywhere in lhc factory.
5
to uch that machine! It's very hot. Be careful! High-voltage electricity. You _ __ _ get an electric shock.
6
You
4
Reading
might
use your mobile phone here.
Work in pairs. Why do the signs below have diflerent colou rs and shapes? Read the text. Match the examples to the signs.
The safety signs below follow the ISO international standard. This standard is used in the EU because it has many different languages. There are three types of safety sign: D
Iii
•
WARNING SIGNS. These signs warn you about a danger. They say things like this: Warning. Danger lk careful look out. There 1s a danger or hazard here. You might •flJure yourseU. The signs are yellow and black in colour and triangular in shape. I Iere are some examples: I Warning. Polson: see (1) _£ 2 Danger. Flre hazard here: see (2) _ _
•
PROHIBITION SIGNS. These signs prohibit an acllon. They say: Do not du 1/11s. You must not do this. Never do 1/11s. The signs are red, while and black in colour and round in shape.
Here are some examples: 3 You musl not lift this wilh a hook: see (3) _ _ 4 Never take the guard olf this machine: see (4) _ _
II
~
74
10 I S.t1fet;.
•
MANDATORY ACTION SIGNS. These signs order you to do somethinR. They say: Do this. You must do 1/ris. Aluxiys do this. These signs arc blue nnd \.,hite in colour, and round in shape. Here are so1ne exarnples: 5 Always read the manual bel ore you service this machi ne: see(S) _ _ 6
You must use the guard on this circular saw: see (6) _ _
Lang uage
Do not Don't
Wear Always
a hard hat here.
wear
touch the machine.
Never You must not
You must
You mustn't
5 Complete the instructions with the words in the box. always
do
do not
must
mustn't
never
I _______ use a lighted match in this workshop. 2 _______ wash your hands after using these chemicals. 3 _______ enter this small space.
4 You - - - - - - - wear safety boots when you lift this. not smoke in this factory. 5 touch this machine with bare hands. It's hot. 6 You
6 Write these signs in another way. Example: I Do not smoke here. 6
No exit
NO PARKING
Use might or could to explain the possible result of the hazard.
You
might could
burn your arm. injure/hurt yourself. get an electric shock.
7 Complete these warnings with the words o r phrases in the box. You can use the words or phrases more than once. could
might
there are
there's
Take care. Heavy weigh t. You - - - - - - - injure your back. 2 Warning. - - - - - -- a cold surface here. You---- - - injure your hands or arms. 3 Be careful. You _______ trap your hand in the gears. 4 Danger. _______ lasers in this laboratory. You - - - -- - injure your eyes. I
Safety
m
75
2 Safety hazards Start here
1 &jii
2
Listen and match the warnings with the pictures.
Listen again and write the warning number in the table. Warning
Possible result You might bum your hands.
-
You could injure your head.
You might fall into lhe gap. You could trip over the brn::ks You mtght trap your hand in the gears. You could get an oloctric shock.
Speaking
3 Say the warnings and their possible results.
s
£mmpie: I lcok out! There a low beam in front of you. You could injure your head. 4
76
10
L
~fr'I\
Work in pair s. How many safely hazards can you see'! Make a list.
5
You are a safety inspector, inspecting the workshop in 4. Describe what you see. There is liquid a There's some bricks There are no boxes food drink
in the workshop.
A cable
is
on lhe floor.
Tv10 windows The fire exit
are
around the bricks.
on the machines. on the stairs.
tools
Some cables
damaged. locked. broken.
coiled.
on the benches.
fire extinguishers fire exit
cones guards
Language
Past simple of is and are.
______, Writing
There was
some liquid
on the floor.
There were
some boxes
on the stairs.
The fire exit
was
locked.
Some cables
were
coiled.
6
Change more sentences from 5 into the past.
7
Complete the inspector's report. Describe all the hazards in the workshop.
Safety inspection report Visit to: Kwik Automotive Worksh op Dat e of report: 2S•h Oct ober I inspected the workshop on 22"" October. Here are my findings. I
There were no fire extinguishers any\vhere in Lhe workshop.
2 There was a single fire exit, but the door was locked with a padlock. ,.,.,.....
v 8
Work in small groups. Write at least ten safety rules for the workshop in 4.
Pu/ away a/1100/s oiler work. Do 1101 bring food or drink inlo the workshop. No eating or drinking in the workshop. Always .. . .
l\ieucr .. . S1off must/must not ....
m
77
3 Investigations Star t here
1 Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. • •
What's happening? Which d irectio ns are the planes n1oving in? Who will talk to the pilots'/
•
2 & ·'tiW •
Clock reklrences s.h0'11 relative location.
Listen and complete the warning to the pilot from air traffic control.
ConAir 286. Unknown traffic. ( l ) _ _ _ o 'clock. (2) _ __
metres.
Crossing right to left. O ConAir 286. Negative contact. Request vectors.
11 12
Tum (3)
•
10
(5)
9
. Heading ( 4)
. Descend.
metres.
O Right turn. Head ing (6) - - - - · Descending. (7) ____ metres. ConAir 8
286 ... •
twoo'dock
Con Air 286. All clear. Resume own navigation.
0 Roger. ConAir 286. Reading
3
Read this newspaper article and complete the incident report.
Near Miss Over Manchester 25 November Last night, a military jet plane ahnost crashed into a large passenger plane over northern
England. The incident happened in dcl'!se clouds 10 kni west of
Manchester. T he Boeing 757 passenger plane v1as 3505 1netres above sea level. t\t
22.17, the FIG military plane passed al an altitude of 3527 metres. At its closest point, the total distance bet\veen the t\vO aircraft \Vas only 36 metres. The Boeing, flight ournber
BA 4058. had 234 passengers,
and was on a flight path frorn Manchester to Greece. T h e 1nililary plane v.·as on its v.·ay rron1 Scotland to the south of
Aviation near-miss incident report Date of incident: Time:
England. ·rhe pilot and passengers on the plane did not see the incident because of the clouds. but the emergency anticollision system (TACS) in BA
Type: Boeing 757pasGenger plane
4058 switched oo autOl'nati<.:ally.
Altitude:
The TACS system steered the
passenger plane safely a\vay from the military plane. There were 110 Injuries in the
incident.
Location: Distance between two pianos: PLANE 1
Flight number: Number of passengers: Flying from: Flying to: PLANE 2
Type: Altitude: Flight number: Number of passengers: none Hymg from: Flying to:
78
m
Safety
--~---
4 Work in pairs: an investigator and a pilot. Ask and answer these questions.
Speaking
1 \!/here I incident / happen \!/hen I it I take place
2 3tte pfa
5 What time / 1'16 / pass / Boeing 6 How far / be/ jet I from / passenger plane
3 How high / be / Boeing 4 What I be I h eight I of/ 1'16
happen
Language
Where
were
the planes?
When
did
the incident
5
Task
7 What / be/ flight number/ passenger p lane
8 How many passengers I be I in I Boeing (They were) 3500 m above NW England.
happen?
(It happened) at 22.1 7.
Work in pairs. follow the instructions. Student A. Turn to page 112. Student B: 1 Investigate Student A's incident. Ask questions and complete the report form. 2 Change roles. Your incident is on page 113.
About the accident
About the injured person
Date:
Name:
Time :
Job title:
Location:
Injury:
Haig.hi above ground:
Description of accident
Type of accident (tick one box): • lifted something and Injured self
• received an electric st\ock
O
D
• shpc:ied, !ripped or fell on lhe same level • fell from a height • o ther
O
0
O
Social English
6
Complete the dialogue with the words in the box. are can't •
don1 I'd
I'll must
We (1) _ _ _ go out for a drink soon.
O Yes, (2)
like to do that. How about tomorrow? (3) _ _ _ you
free tomorrow? •
I'm sorry,
r (4)
do it tomorrow. What about Saturday?
O Yes, Saturday's fi ne. What time? •
I (5)
know yet. (6)
phone you tomorrow morning.
O OK, good. Talk to you then .
7
Wor k in pairs. Practise the dialogue in 6 with your par tner.
8 Work in pairs. Make similar dialogues. Use different times and days. go and see a film / have a meal together / go bowling/ have a party s,.fetv
m
79
Review Unit E 1
Comple1e l he sentences with the correct for ms of verbs in the box. control
increase
propel push
move
rotate
sleer
support rum The saddle - - - -- the cyclisL The cyclist _ __ _ _ _ the pedals downwards. The peda ls _ _ _ __ _
2
the chain and the wheels _ _ ___.This the bike forwards.
3
The cyclist uses the pedals to _ _ __ _ _ the speed. If the cyclist pedals quickly, this _ ______ 1he speed of the bike.
4 The cyclist _ _ _ ____ the bike with Lhe hand lebars.
5 II the cyclist
the handlebars Lo the lelt, the bike goes
lelt.
2
Complete the description with the correct form ol the verbs in the box. conlaln
drive move
suck
worl<
This hovercraft moves over land and water. How does It {I) _ _ __ __ ? A powerfu l engine (2) _ __ _ __ two large !ans. The fons
(3) - - -- - -the air In. They force some of the air backwards and push some ol the air downwards. A rubber skirt (4) _ _ _ ____ the air and the hovercraft (5) _ __ _ ___ on the cushion or air.
3
Complete the sentences with the words and phrases in the box. above below between 1n lhe centre
-
I
2 The SCART sockets arc The power socket is _ _
4 5 The RF OUT socket is _ _ 6
t<\'\h'\\ I 1111
t
10 the lefVright
The RP sockets ar e
3 The SCART sockets are
80
on the tefVrighl
The TV SCART socket is
Lhe RF sockets and Lhe power socket. or the SCART sockets. the RF IN sockel. the VCR SCART socket.
4
Identify the equipment from the description . Use the words in the box. battery I
2 3 4 5
6
5
digital receiver
disk drive
modem
router starter motor
This device can change d igital signals into analogue signals for a TV. This device stores electricity. When It is flat, you recharge it. This equipment can connect two or more com puters to one modem. This device connects a computer to the Internet through a phone line. This machine uses electricity from a battery. It starts the engine of a car. This hardware can copy data from a computer to a CD-ROM.
Look at the p ictures and complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. You can use the words more than o nce. attached to
connected to
disconnected from
l The switch is 2 The printer is
th e ceiling. the power socket. the workbench.
3 The vice is 4
mounted on suspended from
The mouse is
the computer. the rope. The rope is
5 The hook is
____________ a bar.
6
The speaker i s - - - - - - - - - - -- a base. It is - -- - -- - - - - - - the computer.
6
Draw and complete the flowchart. If your computer does not start, check the adapter. If the adapter is not connected, connect it to the computer. If the adapter is connected , check the disk drive. If there isn·t a disk in the the drive, p ress the power button. If there is a d isk in the drive, take it out. Does the compu1er slart?
7
Chock ...
_____..
Write a troubleshooting guide from this flowchar t. Does
Ch<>c:k
lhe rad.:>
lhe
v.•ork?
adapter.
t Is it
Check
connected?
Connect the
adapler.
the
LED.
-.
IS it
on?
Press tt'e START
bunon.
Check tne powet s·witch.
Begin: If the radio doesn't worl<, checl< the adapter Hevle\v Unit E •
81
8
Complete the warnings Use each word once only. always could don't might must mustn"t never
9
I 2
Stall - - - - wear hard hats at all times on this site. You musl use a lighted match near petrol or gas.
3
You
4 5
This low beam is very dangerous. You injure your head on It. wear gloves if you lift these boxes. They have sharp edges.
6
The oven is very hot. You _ _ _ _ touch It.
smoke In the workshop or on the building site.
burn yoursell. Please
Complete the safety report with the correct form of the verbs In brackets.
On 24" August last year, I inspected the Nautilus shipyard. I (1) - - - - - - (find) many safety hazards. Here are the main points of my safety report.
r r r r r r r r r
_ (be)
some ropes on the ground, between two boats. Two lire extinguishers (be) damaged. Five workers (5)
(4)
hats or safety gloves. One welder (6) - - - - --
(have) no hard (not wear) his safety boots. A
(be) coiled. There (8)
high-voltage cable (7)
(be)
many tools on the ground.
(Jell) me about a near miss. The incident
A supervisor (9) ( 10)
(take place)
(11)
(put on) his hard hat and safety boots. He then
(12)
(climb) a ladder 8 metres up to an electrical cable. The cable
(13)
(be) damagod. 11 (14)
in
The repair man (15)
r r r r
July last year. A repair man
(have) some bare wires.
(shout) to a worker: 'Switch off the power!'
The worker (16) _ _ _ _ _ _ (switch off) the main electricity supply and shouted: 'OK, I've (17) (18)
(switch) it offl 'Then the repair man (touch) the cable. But the cable (19) - - -- - - (not be)
connected to the mains supply. It (20) There (21)
r r r r 82
(be) locked. There (3)
The emergency exit (2)
(22)
I<·
\LI II
I
1111
I
(be) connected to a generator.
(be) a spark. The repair man was very lucky. He
(not receive) a shock. But this was a very serious incident.
10
Ask the questions !or these answers about the near miss incident in 9.
lt took place in the Nautilus shipyard . (Where / incident) Where did the incident take place?
Project
2
It happened in July last year. (When I happen)
3
Yes, he wore his hard hat and his sa!ety boots. (repair man I h ard hat)
4
He used a ladder. (How / climb I to the cable)
5
It was about 8 metres high. (How / cable)
6
It had some bare wires. (problem)
7
No, he didn't, but there was a spark. (get I electric shock)
8
No, it wasn't. It was connected to a generator. (cable / mains supply)
11
Write a set o( safety rules based on the report in 9.
12
Choose one of the projects below and follow the instructions. I
Troubleshooting in your industry Work with a partner or small group from the same or similar ind ustries. a) Find out about some important equipment in your indust ry. b) Make a list o! common operating problems, and their solutions. c) Write a troubleshooting guide explaining how to solve the problems.
2
Sa!ety in you r industry Work with a partner or small group !rom the same or similar industries. a) Find out about the causes or common accidents in your industry. b) Design a safety poster to avoid one or these accidents. c) Write a set of safety rules for your poster. •
83
Cause and effect 1 Pistons and valves Start here
1
Put the parts of the spray bottle together. Draw arrows to show where the parts flt the bottle. Turn to page 11 3 to check your answers.
noule
:I
1 ·
OO'!let vatve
spring
ri&t valve
I
tngge<
1
~;sion
'f-spnng
liquid
Reading
.e
'
,. '
•
..
"
doetcasc the temperature/ preSS(.trefspe-edl\'olume
· ! ,_, : ,.·o
.'
:· •
84
11
(
•10
.iu~t·
.uu l t· f h~ I
tube
t>ollle
2
Work in pairs. How does the pump in the spray bottle work? Discuss with your partner.
3
Match each diagram with a caption below.
m
increase lhe temperature/ prcssu rc:specCl/volume
~Chamber
m
Caption I: The trigger makes the piston move in. Th is makes the water pressure increase. T he high pressure causes the outlet valve to open. The open outlet valve allows the water to flow out or the chamber. Caption 2: The piston moves in. This causes the water pressure to increase. The high pressure makes the inlet valve close. T he closed inlet valve prevents the water from flowing back into the bottle. Caption 3: The piston moves out. This makes the water pressure decrease. The low pressure causes the inlet valve Lo open. The open inlet valve let.s water flow from the bottle into the chamber. Caption 4: The piston moves out. This makes the water pressure decrease. The low pressure causes the outlet valve to close. The closed outlet valve stops air fro m flowing into the chamber.
Language The motor
The open valve
The closed valve
4
the shaft
to
makes
the shaft
move.
lets
the water
flow out.
allows
the water
to
Ho\•/ out.
prevents stops
the water
from
nov1ing out.
Make true sentences about t he pump.
The trigger The piston The spring The two valves The inlet valve The outlet valve High pressure
make(s) let(s) cause(s) allow(s) prevent(s) stop(s)
Loi.v pressure
5
the water the piston the inlet valve the outlet valve the piston the pressure the air
flow in/out/back. flowing in/out/back. (to) (from) (-)
move in/out/in and out. increase. decrease. open. close.
Rewrite these sentences to give similar meanings. Replace the verb(s) in italics with the correct form of the verb(s) in brackets. l 2 3 4 5 6
6
move.
causes
Heat makes a metal expand and cold mal1es it contract. (cause) Overflow pipes let extra water flow out of the tanks. (allow) The valve on the oil well does not allow the oil to explode. (prevent) These powerful pumps force the water to r ise 30 m up the hill. (make) These fire ext inguishers do not allow electrical fires to spread. (stop) Show your TD card and the guard will allow you to enter the factory. (let)
Delete the wrong words.
PISTON PUMPS Pi.:;101l purnps can pu1np any nuid. This one 1>un1ps \Vater. The pu1np has a niotor. a shaft. a piston. a spring and t \VO va)vcs. The valve on the right is rhe outlel valve. T he valve on the left is the inlet valve. l'his is hO\V il \\10rks. The n1otor n1nkes the shaft ( I 1nove/to n1ove} in and out. The shaft n1akes the piston (2 move/to move) in and out. Let
us look a1 Lhe two 1nove 1ne11~ of 1he piston. I The piston 1noves in. This causes the v.·ater pressure (3 incrc9Selto increase). The high pressure forces the outlet valve (4 open/to open). The ope11 valve a.llO\VS the fluid (5 flo,v/to flo,v) out of the pun1p through the outlet pipe. At the same time, the high pr~su re makes the inlet valve (6 close/to close}. This closed valve prevents lhe fluid (7 to no,v/fron1 00\Ving) back through the i1lle1 1>ipe. 2 The piston moves out. This 1nakes the \Yater pressure (8 decrease/ 10 decrea.-;e). The low pressure forces the inlet valve (9 open/to open).
The open inle1 v[1l ve lets fluid (10 llov..-llo flow) i1uo Lhe 1>u1np through the inlet valve. At the !)amc ti1nc. the lovv pressure n1akcs the oullct 'alve ( 11 close/10 close}. ·n1is closed valve stops 1he fluid ( 12 10 noy.·/ fro1n flowing) back into the pu1np through the oolJc1 pipe.
-
-
-
-m
85
2 Switches and relays Start here
1 Work in pairs. Try this quii. How many electrical symbols do you know? battery, bell. buzzer, conductor, earth. lamp. switch. terminal
I 0 :CJ =D
I
I
\
T
0
J_ --
Answers: see the glossary or electrical symbols on page 109.
2 e;si1w
Listen and name the sounds. Choose lrom the list below.
buzzer, door bell, click, siren, horn, beep, alarm bell. dial tone Reading
3
Work In pairs. How does this window burglar alarm work?
'-
-
m&gnel
4 Read the web page. Label the circuit diagram and the diagram in 3. battery
""" .. •
c;,
buzzer
spring
switch
terminal
wire
••
+
Ask Mario, our electrical expert Marlo answers all your questions
wi.-
Hi, MarlO. My name's Bob. How does the burglar alarm on my IOl:)(k?
Mario 's answer: Well, Bob, on your window there's a small magnet. Next to ot, on the window frame, there's a metal swllch and two terminals. The
terminals are attached to two wires and the wires are connected to a battery and a buzzer. They make a simple circud. When the window os dosed, the SW>tch os next to the magnet. The magnet 5 8-pulls the switch towarcls it. This doses the circud and electncity flows through tt. The buzzer does not sound. When the burglar opens the window, he breaks the circuit. The magnet moves away from the switch and this allows the spring to pull the switch back. This opens the circuit. The open circuit prevents the current from flowing. When this happens, the buzzer makes a sound.
·- -
But how does the buZzer sound wtlerl there tS no ClfCull?
5 11
l Caust> and eftect
Work in 1>airs. What is the answer to Bob's second question?
6
Read the nexi part of the web page. Check your answer to 5.
Because there is another circuit. The buzzer has its own circuit. When the window circuit opens, this makes the buzzer circuit close.
The buzzer circuit
wood
How does this happen? The buzzer circuit has its own battery, an electro· magnet and a relay switch. This is how it works: 1 The window circuit opens. 2 This causes the electro-magnet in the window circuit to switch off. 3 The electro-magnet releases the relay switch on the buzzer circuit. This allows the spring to push the switch. The buzzer circuit closes. 4 The current flows from the battery around the buzzer circuit. This makes the buzzer produce a loud noise.
OK, I understand the circuit. But how does the buzzer make a sound? That's easy. Here's what happens: 1 The current flows through the buzzer circuit. 2 The current makes the electro-magnet switch on. 3 The electro-magnet pulls the metal strip away from the thin wire. 4 This causes the current to switch oft again. 5 When the current switches off. the electro-magnet switches off. 6 This allows the metal strip to spring back towards the thin wire. 7 The metal strip moves quiekly up and down. This makes the loud buzzing noise.
Thanks, Mario. I get it now.
7
Answer these questions about the complete burglar alarm. 2 3 4
language
8
How many circuits are there? How many electro-magnets are there? What is an electro-magnet? How many switches are there? What makes each switch open and close?
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box. allow
cause
let
make
prevent
stop
The electro-magnet - - - - - the relay switch move away from the contact. 2
The magnet----- the window switch from open ing.
3
The wires electro-magnet.
4
the electric cu rren t to now from the battery to the
The open switch _____ the current from flowing around th e w indow circu it.
Speaking
5
The spring _____ \he window switch to b reak the window circuit.
6
The closed switch
the current flow around the buzzer circuit.
9 Work in pairs . Explain how the burglar alarm works. Look at Lhe circuit diagram. but don't look again at the reading text.
m
87
3 Rotors and turbines Start here
1
Try this quiz. What do you know about wind turbines?
How tall is t he tower of the world's tallest wind turbine? a) about 100 m b) about 180 m c) about 200 m How high is the world's h ighest turbine? a) about 1800 m b) about 2300 m c) about 2600 m What's the minimum \Vind speed for a large \Vind turbine?
a) about 15 km/h
b) about 20 kmth c) about 25 km/h
What's the maximum wind speed for a large wind turbine? a) about 45 km/h b) about 70 km/h c) about 90 km/h
2 &'iW
Listen to this radio programme and check your answers to t h e quiz.
Vocabulary
3
Label this cliagram with the parts of a wind turbine in
the box. blade
brake
gear
generator
housing
hub
shaft
a ___
anemometer
1
vane
)
•
S high·speed _
4
I
Read the text. Check your answers to 3. The wind turbine consists of a tower, a rotor and a housing. The rotor oonsists oi three blades, and a hub. The housing is a strong rigid container. It contains a lo\v·speed shaft. a high-speed shaft. two gears. a generator, a controller. and a brake.
The low-speed shaft connects the rotor to the gears. The highspeed shaft connects the gears to the generator. Inside the housing, at the back, behind the generator, is the controller.
ss
m
Cause and t>ffE"l't
Read ing n.. " .."
~
5 Read the web page and answer the questions below.
+
TECHNO CHANNEL: the TV channel for people who Yeattrday, Techno Channel fntorvlewed the wind turbine expert. Dr Roger Jones. Here is part ot the script To downloed the whole
aerlpt, el~.hete. __ ,,,,, _ _ _K1
love ~ tecn
speed one ll attached 10 a sma 1gear The large gear makes the 1gear turn and the smal gear makes the hlgh·speed Sha.ft rotate.n
$haft rota!00811200-1400rpm NI. I - ~ lhB_.,IOt al ""6 ope«/?
s The wind bbNs on thEt blade$ and ma-.es them mtate. This cause-s the shatt to rotate at a speed of about 30-60 rpm. But 1sn~ lhal too slow? Th8 shaft,,, a generator must rotato ar 1bout 1200- t •OO rpm. That's fight There a1e two shllf1s. There•s a ~-speed shaft and a high· " opted ahoft. The low-Sll"ed@ll 81!4Chod to a large gear The r.gh-
·• That• ngnt. And !hen the generator i)foduoes AC elecinclty Whal~· 1/Ill• W"1d,. too strong? The anemome1er measures the speed ol lhe w1nd.@}sends this data to the oon1roller. (The controller is a am.all computer.) If the speed of the wlnd is more lhan about 90 krnth, the oontrolJe( automatically sw11che1 » the wind turbone This prevents the w.nct from damaging tM lu(bine
I Which part makes the low-speed shaft tum? 2 What are the two main functions of the controller? 3 Which pan transmits rotation to the generator?
6 What do these words refer to? Choose the correct answer. one (line I 0) it (line 14)
2 3 It (line 17) Language
a) generator a) low-speed sha!t a) anemometer
b) shaft b) high-speed shaft b) speed
c) gear c) small gear c) wind
7 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs In the box. cause make
prevent
I The wind -- - - - - - the blades rotate. 2 The controller the wind turbine from operating in a strong wind. 3 The blades - -- -- - the low-speed shaJt to rotate. Speaki ng
8 Work in pairs. Explain how the wind turbine works. Look at the diagram, but don't look again at the reading text.
Social English
You can use let's(• let us) to suggest something for you and others to do together. let's go to the cof~ of/er work. let's have a party for our class next u:eek.
You can also say: W/iy don ·t we go to the caM after work? IVl1y don't we hove a parry next week?
9 Make your own suggestions. A: We have a free period after this class
B: Lers _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ __ __
2
A: Work fm1shes early today.
B: Why don't we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _• 3
A: Next week is tile half.term holiday.
4
A: The cinema is closed, so we can't see the film.
B:------------------------B:----------------------------• l dtJs.P
and efft"l 1
m
Checking and confirming 1 Data Start here
1
Work in pairs. You are a TV reporter. Prepare questions about the Mars rover.
Reading
2
Read the text quickly. Does the text answer any or your c1uestions?
"''" AMQlucfe .._ #!l:ltdtJdtl Weoghl OI boai. 1000 kO Thit~Ctfl#
-•ndfuol Weight of crew, paa&~rs
and fuel =200 kg, Total weight of boat • 1200 kg. Thi& Includes crew,
passengers and fuel
mngo -=- ftOm minimum to 111ax1mvm
use mass on Man. no1 ~ II you ~to Mara. your
""91• ctlangeS. ""' ,.,., ,,,... stiys.,,. same
The Mars Science Laboratory. or MSL. is a rover. or mobile robot. II can move around on the surface of Mars. Look at the diagram of the rover. II has a body. six wheels, two robot arms, two antennas and a mast. The antennas and lhe mast are mounted on the body, and the robot arms are attached to the front of the body. There are special tools at the end of each robot arm. Soirui tools break p1eoes of rock. Other tools dig and collect samples of soil. Scientdc instruments on the rover then analyse the sod and rock powder. robo1 arms The top of the mast is about 2.1 metres above the ground. The mast supports two special cameras. They are called the Mas1Cam and the ChemCam. The MaslCam (mast camera) is al the top of the mast II looks all around the rover The ChemCam (Chemistry camera) has a laser gun. The gun fires a laser beam at rocks up to 10 metres away and breaks them into powder. The camera then analyses the powder. The rover is about 2.2 m long and its total mass is jusl under 800 kg. This includes at least 60 kg of scientific Instruments. II has a six·wheel drive and a special suspension system. The wheels are made of titanium and are 25 cm in diameter. The suspension system allows the six wheels to remain on the ground all the 11me. II also allowS the rover 10 go over big rocks (up 10 75 cm high), and over deep holes. Each wheel has 11s own motor. This allows the vehicle 10 rotate 360 degrees. It can move at a speed of up to 90 metres per hour. The average speed is about 30 metres per hour. The rover can operate in the temperature range on Mars. This ranges from - 120"C mi111mum up 10 as·c maximum. The fOV'er can travel up to 200 metres per day and can operate for up 10 one Mars year (approximately 687 days).
12 , Chn L;utw .JOd conhn111n~
••
3 Read the text again and complete this specification c hart. Mars Science Laboratory (Mars rover): specifications Total heigh1
7 Maximum rotation of rover
2 Total length
8 Maximum obstacle height
3 Total mass
9 Maximum speed
4 Mass of instruments
10 Average speed
5 Number of wheels
11 Max./Min. temperature range
6 Wheel size
12 Maximum daily distance
Vocabulary
Ways to express approximation: - about, approximately
>more than, over
~
up 10
~at
least
4 Complete the sentences. Use the information in brackets. The Mars rover _______ _ _ _ ____________ (height - 2. I m; length - 2.2 m) 2 The rover _____ _ _ _ ________________ (mass > 750 kg) 3 The scientific instruments - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - -- (mass ~ 60 kg) 4 The wheels - - - - - - - - - - -- - -- - - - - - -(rotation s 360' ) 5 Therover - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - (distance > 100 metres per day; operations - 687 days) Speaking
5 Write questions for these answers about the rover. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ifs called the Mars Science Laboratory. It has six wheels.
Titanium. They're attached to the front of the body. Ifs mounted on the top of the body. About 2. I metres. It looks at the whole area around the rover. It fires a laser beam at rocks and analyses them. Around 60 kilograms. Up to 90 metres per hour.
6 Work in pai rs. Practise asking and answering the questions in 5. 7 Work in pairs. Student A guess the answers. Then check them with Student B. I The diameter of Mars is ... a) - 4280 km. b) - 6740 km. c) - 11 ,290 km. 2 Mars rotates 360° in .. . a) - 24 hours. b) - 36 hours. c) - 48 hours . 3 Mars is ... kilometres from the Sun. a) - 220 mil lion. b) - 150 million. c) - 300 million. 4 Mars orbits the Sun in ... a) - 365 Earth days. b) - 685 Earth days. c) - 905 Earth days. Example: 1 The diame/er of Mars is abou/ 4280 km. Is that right?
Student B: Turn to page 113. Check111g: aud < onflr nung:
m
91
2 Instructions Start here
1 Make a list of the instructio ns to give the Mars rover.
2
&'hi
Listen and comp lete the dialogue between the controller and the rover.
•
Move forwards 200 cm. O Confirmed. I'm (1)
forwards 200 cm.
Now rotate 15 degrees to the left.
•
O Confirmed. I'm ( 2 ) - - - - -- -
3
15degrees10 the left.
You ar e the rover. Confirm your actions. Instruction
Move fo1V1ards 200 cm.
Confirmation
Jin moving forwards 200 cm.
2 Rotate 15 degrees to the tett. 3 Reverse for 300 cm.
4 Rotate 80 degrees to the right.
5 Go up the hill. 6 Roll down the hill.
7 Go round to the left of the rocks.
8 Stop.
Listening
4 & · fiii
Listen and complete the d ialogue.
A is training 8 how to control the Mars rover. A: Righi. I'll give you on instruCJion. First, do it. Then confirm what you 're doing, OK?
B: A: B: A: B:
OK. 711en confirm what Jhe rovers doing. Is that clear?
Yes. the rover (2) - -- - - - 200 cm.
Righi. Let's go. First. (I)
OK . rm(3) the joystick forwards. A: Good. Now what's (4) _ _ _ _ _ ?
B: The rover (5)
moving.
A: Right. Wail five seconds. Now whot's happening?
B: OK. It's (6) 92
m
Cht•ckin~
and conhrnung
forwards now.
Task
5
Work in pairs. Discuss the question below. In this simulation on Earth, the Mars rover responds after five seconds. If the rover is on Mars, it responds after about ten minutes. Why'?
Speaking
6
Complete the table. Use information from the table in 3 and the notes below. Instruction
Confirmation
Make the rover OK. I'm pushing the move forwards 200 cm. joystick forwards.
After 1 second
After 5 seconds
The rover isn't moving.
Now it's moving forwards.
2
3
4
I 2 3 4 7
push joystick forwards turn wheel left pull joystick backwards p ress 'rotate' button
Work in pairs. Practise the dialogues , using the notes in 3. Try not to look at t he table.
Begin: A: Make the rover move forwards 200 cm. B: OK. I'm pushing the joystick forwards. A: Good. What's happening now? 8: The rover isn 't mouing. A: That's OK. Wait for five seconds. Is it moving fonvards now? B: Yes, it is.
8 D
~~ J
~ f
Test your memory. Look at the p ictures for 10 seconds. Then turn to page 113.
"
'
~
\~ M Iii
6
! J~ I 1
fJ
t
1------
C l 1ecktn~ and ct111f1rnlln!.!
m
93
3 Progress
Ka
Start here
Listen to the astronaut talking about his \\'Or k_ Complete the list of tasks with the verbs In the box. assemble allach bring connect disconnect dismantle inspect remc:we repair repiace taM lest
(1) mi lhe equpmen1
'°'
lhl lpeOIWalks
On apateewalk 1: { 2 ) - -N
Pf•re tor the n&X1 spacewalk Onapacewalk2: ( 4 ) __
Thepipes.(5) _ __ rhe 1ank. (6) _ _ _ lhe i.nk into the stabon (7l---thelank (8) _ _ _ lhedarnapeor l•l - --lhepart..(10) _ _ _ ........_
On apKeW..k J: (11) _ _ _ lhe &an.It toh! sp9C9 awion (12) _ _ _ 1he~tc>Ntank.
Vocabulary
2
Find the o p1>0sltes of these words In I . connect. assemble. damage, remove
Listening
3
Km
Ust en to the cont roller talking to the astronaut. Complete the
dlaJogue
Taak
The controller is speaking from the coot rol «ntr@ on Earth The astronaut is on a space station. •
Dohrst
-spacewalk.
Repairlhe
OK, t oday Is the &to of June. 7 pm In the evening. I'm check ing progress on the space station. Have you ( I ) _
_ _ the first spacewalk yet?
0 >Cs. we haue. • Cood. When (2) _ _ _ you dolt? !Ji" (3) - --
the spaceuolk )'(!Sterday, on lhe Siii ofJun~
• Right And have you (4) - the oxygen tank )Id" O /\o, u:~hcwen)(S) _ __ l/yet " e·resllll(6) _ _ _ ., • Whe:n (7) - - - you finish It ? O Hi..- 'It complete lhe job tomorrow mommg,
Language
You can use yet with some questions and negatives in the present perfect. h means up to now.
1 We haven't repaired the o~-ygen tank ye/.
Speaking
2
A: Have you repaired the oxygen tank yet'! B: No. not yet.
4
Work in pairs. Make similar dialogues. Today is Ii" June. June
Task 10
11
12
t3
14
15
t6
17
18
19
20
Test equipment for first spacewalk. Do first spacewalk. Take photograph of damaged tank.
Inspect damage to tank. Remove tank. Repair tank.
Replace tank. O.smantle old venblabO
Lubricate moving pans on all fans Install new valves on pumps. Task
5
Work in pairs. follow the Instructions. • Student A: Turn to page 115. • Student B: It's 81h August. You're doing a progress check. Ask Student A questions and complete your checklist.
Task
YIN?
Dismantle old water system
[YI
Assemble new water system
D D
Install water system Test equipment for third spacewalk Take video of damaged nose cap Inspect damage to waste tank Assemble new robot arm Attach new robot arm
Notes Completed 4~ Aug.
:::J 0
D D D
8: Have you dismanlled tile old water system ye/? A: Yes, we have. B: When did you comp/ell! the job?
( ht•t l\lnJ.! ,uul
t·1u11 1r111111i.,:
21
'
Review Unit F 1 Complele the sentences with the correct form of the verbs In the box. allow cause let make preven1 slop
2 3 4
5 6
The water flows down onto the water wheel. This _ ____ the wheel turn. The valve opens. This - - - - - the water flow in. The valve closes. This the water from flowing out. The switch touches the contact. This the electric current to flow. The switch moves away from the contact. This the electric current from flowing. The water level rises. This - - - - - 'he float to rise.
2 Complete lhe driving instructor's words with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. II you the car 2 II you the car to 3 If you 1he car from 4 II you car to
(press) the accelerator pedal, this (go) faster. (push) the brake pedal down, this (stop) . (pull) the parking brake up, this (move). (release) the parking brake, this (move) again.
(make) (cause) (prevent) (allow) the
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form or the verbs in the box. close flow from go down open rise 10 handle
3 4 5 6
p151on
..... B
1{1•\ It'\\
l
111!
1 You push the hand le down. This makes the piston 2 The piston rises. This makes valve B - - -- - - - and causes valve A _ _ __ _ __
I
Valve B closes. This prevents water _ _ __ __ into the chamber. Valve A opens. This allows water - -- - -- - into the chamber. You pull the handle up. This causes the piston - -- -- -The piston goes down. This makes valve B - -- - -- - and causes valve A- -- -- --
4
increase
Draw a llne from each word or phrase to Its 01>poslte.
decrease low assemble outlet less than contract dismantle inlet high take more than connect remove rep\ ace disconnect approximately exactly expand
bring
5 Complete t his explanation of how the electric bell works with the corr~t form of the words in t he box.
•
a
. ~=
0-----C
L
dose
ftow
make
mo't9
open
poll
I
Sink&
How an electric bell work.II Someone p resses the bell button. and the switch ( 1) _ __ An electrical current (2) _ _ (3)
_
through the c;oil. This
the c;oll become an elect romagnet. The electromagnet
(4)
the metal arm towards It. (Diagram 1). This causes the hammer to (5) _ _ _ _ _ the b<-11 At the same t ime. it
(6) the circuit. .'low the coil Is not a magnet. The hammer (7) _ _ __ _ away lrom the coll. (Diagram 2). This (8) _ _ _ __ lhe circuit a.gam The hammer (9) _ _ __ lh•
bell again and again.
6
Work In pairs. f..q>lam how this hand pump works.
7
\\.rit e your explanation of how the
.....
hand p ump works.
-..._
._
--
4
increase
Draw a line from each word or phrase to its opposite.
decrease low assemble outlet less than contract dismantle inlet high take more than connect remove rep\ace disconnect approximately exactly expand
5
bring
Complete this explanation of how the electric bell works with the correct for m of the words in the box.
close
llow
make
move
opon
pull
Sinko
How an electric bell works Someone presses the bell button. and the swilch (l) - - - -An elect rical current (2) _ _ _ __ through the coil. This
(3) (4)
- - - - the coil become an electromagnet. The electromagnet the metal arm towards it (Diagram 1). This causes the
hammer to CS) _ _ _ _ _ the bell. At the same time. it (6) _ _ _ _ _ the circuit. Now the coll ls not a magnet. The hammer
(7) _ _ _ _ _ away from the coil. (Diagram 2). This
(8)
the circuit again. The hammer (9) _ _ _ _ _ _ the
bell again and again.
6
Work in pairs. Explain how this hand pump wor ks.
7
Wrile your explanation of how the hand pump works.
-
--
8 Complete these dialogues. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets. A supervisor in a car repair workshop is reporting on p rogress to his manager. •
The men have
(replace) the windscreen.
O Good. When did they • 2 •
(replace) it?
Let me check the file ... They T hey've
( replace) it yesterday.
(take) out the old brake system.
O Thais good. When did they 3
(take) it out?
•
Let me see ... They - -- - -- ( take) it out this morning.
•
Bob has
(drive) the car to the body repair shop.
0 That's great. When did he - - - - - - (drive) it there? •
Let me check ... Ah yes, he
( drive) it there abo ut two
hours ago. 4
•
Tom has - - -- - - (speak) to the customer about the damage to her car.
0 Great. When did lie - -- - - - (speak) to her? •
Er. let me see ... He
( speak) to her yesterday.
9 Work in pairs. Practise the dialogues in 8.
10 Work in pairs. Practise the d ialogue below. T he supervisor is checking progress with a mechanic. Then make new dialogues usi11g the information from the table. •
Have you repaired the brakes yet?
Repair brakes Replace windscreen Lubricate main shaf&
0 Yes, I have. • Good. When did you do that"? O I did ii yesterday. • Right. And have you replaced the windscreen yet?
-
0 No. I haven't. I'm replacing it now. •
-
OK. And what about the main shaft? Have you lubricated it?
0 No, I haven'/. /'//do that tomorrow morning.
Lubricate axles and shafts Inspect damaged fuel tank Disconnect fuel pipe from fuel tank Take photograph&- ofdented panels Remove old radiator lnetall new cooling system Repair dented bumpers Replace damaged valve on waterpump Service the brake S)'5tem R.epair damaged radio Connect battery to starter motor Test new air conditioner
,/
.I lastweek ,/ yest:en:iay X tomorrow morning X tomorrow afternoon Xin progress ,/
Xin progress
x Xlater today .I two da)'5 ago .I 8.00 ihls morning
-
98
Ke,.1ev. lllut F
.I yesterday Xin progre55
X wmorrow morning
I
11 Write a description of this dam an d how it works, using all the information and the words in the box. allow carry cause drive enter flow generate leave make open pass produce rotate turn
Function ofd3n1 Mamparr.s
°"''--
M'lteri.af How the d,'im WO!is
!)Ptelopen ' water/in 1...-at.er from reservoir -) filt:er
Hydroelectric dam
' (Ji'te 7 tunnel water 7 blado..,;/tu.-t>me /;fades 7 s/Jaft 7 generator geswator 7
dam
_,._ ,,,..
IS~,..IOtJt
reservoir powemouse gate
outtet
Project
12 Find out some facts about a major engineering
Height ot d<1m:
111 m
Length:
3600 m
V/idth (at b.,se):
980 m
M:iteri:il:
reinlorood concrete
Volume of water:
11 ,000 rri'/s can pass through dam
Size of reservoir: 132 kml
p roject in your country or region. I 2 3
Draw a simple labelled diagram. Make a specifications chart. Write a short description o f the p roject: • function of project • Dimensions • Main parts • Materials
• How it works
Rcv1ev. Unit F •
99
1 Present simple of be Positive
Wh- q uestion
I
am
1 student
You
are
earty.
He/She
IS
a technician.
The machine {It)
IS
on.
The switches (They)
are
off.
We/They
are
ele<:trlcians.
l am + I'm you are, we are, rhey are -+ you ·re, we 're, they're he is, she is, it is -+ he's, she's, it's
I
am
I')()(
a tachnoaan.
You
are
not
late
He/She
is
not
a student.
That
is
not
an M6 spanner.
WefThey
are
not
from Italy.
I am not -+ I'm not you are not -+ you're not or you aren't he is not/she is not -+ he isn 'I/she isn't or he's not/she's not 11 is not -+ it isn't or it's not we are/ they are -+ we aren 'I/they aren ·1 or we 're not/they're not Yes/No q uestion ea~y?
Am
we
fale?
the switches on?
Is
you
the manager?
he/she
a tectlnocian? an AC adapter?
that
Who What
Don' t use contractions in a short answer.
Are you French? Yes, I am. (Not 1~3, Pm.) Is he a technician? Yes, lie is. (Not 11::3, lle'.1.)
are
we now?
is
the manager?
are
those men?
IS
that sound?
In these tables, Wh- means any question word,
e.g. Where? When? How? How many? Why? What
What is
Negative
Are
Where
Is
that
called?
are
those
called In Enghsh?
-+
What's
You can say What'.~ tl11s? but not You have to say What is it?
f
.r.1111rnar ..,11111111.ir ~
i:?
2 Present simple of have Positive
llYouN/efThey
have
25 screws.
My bike (It)
has
2t gears.
Negative
VYou/WelThey
do
M y btke (It)
does
nol
ha1o11
any screws. 27 gears.
does not -+ doesn't clo not -+ don 't
1
Yes/No question
Do
you/we/they
Does
your btke
\n)
have
any screws? 27 gears?
I
In colloquial English:
Have you got any screws? (Br£) •Do you have any screws? ( Am£) I've got 25 screws. ( Br£) • I have 2.5 screws. (Am£) Wh- q uestion
How many
too
m~at'.1
gears
does
your b ike (it)
screws
do
you/we/they
have?
3 Present simple of other verbs Positive
Positive
-
H..She
works
I/You/We/They
work
Th1st001 (It)
cuts
Those tools (They)
CUI
~n Pans
wood.
L'You/We/They
do
Th1stool(U)
does
These tools {They)
do
VYow'He/She/We/They can
operate !his machine
A helicopter lll)
fly backwards
N egative
Negative
H..She
4 Modal verb: can
l"IOI
work
in Rome
l"IOI
cut
metal.
l"IOI
An aeioplane (It)
l"IOt fly backwards
can not -+ can't or cannot Yes/No que stion Can
fly backwards?
Wh· question
How
Yes/No q uestion
What
Do
you/!ti"Y
Does
ho/she
Does
thlS tool (11)
Do
these tools (they)
work
1n
cut
metal?
can
I/he/she/we/they
help
you?
L'helsheJwellhey
do
tor you?
Pans?
5 Modal verb: will Positive and negative
Wh· question
What
VyoUlhel~tthey a hehcop1er (it)
does not .. doesn't do not .. don't
Where
operate the forklift tn.1cfc.
llYou/Ho/SheJl/lfo/They can
IJYou/He/She.N/e/They
do
yoo/lh"Y
does
he/she
aoes
tn1stOOl(rt)
do
these tools (they)
wiM will
not
""'"
the wan tomorrow
will not ~ won't I will. you will, he will, she will, it will, they will I'll, you'll. he'll. she'll, it'll, they'll
do?
-+
Spelling There are three different ways to spell the ending of a present simple verb: ·Y -+ ·les _ flow
flows rises
go
goes
pass
passes study
s1ud1es
push
pushes fly
lhes
Pro nunc iation
lz (rhymes w ith his) smks
Slops
passes
burns
snikes
presses
goes
hits
pushes
the wait?
6 Modal verbs: must, could and might
I
There are three d ifferent ways to say the -sf -es end ing of a p resent simple verb:
flows
build
carry
You
I
You
must
must oot mustn't
wear a hard ha1 here.
I
touch the mach ne .
bum your arm. hurt yourself.
+*F'iiiiiif1*'"''''1''1•
101
Time expressions Some time expressions you can use with the past simple: •
yesterday, this morning. the day before yesterday three minutes ago. two days ago. fiue weeks
Some verbs are irregular. The past simple and the past participle don't end in -ed. Irregular (not ending in -ed) past simple = past participle
l
verb
past simple/past participle
ago
bend
bent
•
last week, lasr month, lasr year
bring
brought
•
in 2005. on the 20th October. ot 6.30 am
build
built
burn
burnt
buy
bought
The past participle is part of the present perfect verb. Here are some examples of verbs in this book.
cut
cut
find
found
get
got
Most verbs are regular. Both the past simple and tile past participle end in -ed.
have
had
hold
held
leave
left
let
let
lose
lost
make
made
•
10 Past simple and past participle forms
Regular (ending in -ed) verb
past simple/past participle
anacn
attached
ciose
closed
connect
connected
cool
cooled
crack
cracked
crash
crashed
damage
damaged
dent doSCOnnect drop lit
dented
put
put
read
read
say
said
sell
sold
send
sent
Sil
sat
tell
told
discoonected dropped lilted
Irregular (not ending In -ed) past simple • past participle
happen
happened
verb
past simple
past participle
Inspect
inspec ted
become
became
become
launch
launched
break
broke
broken
mount
mounted
do
did
done
press
pressed
drive
drove
dnven
remove
removed
lall
fell
fallen
repair
repaired
fly
ftew
flown
replace
replaced
go
went
gone
scratch
scratched
rise
rose
risen
suspend
suspended
run
ran
run
speak
spoke
spoken
steal
stole
stolen
take
took
taken
tear
tore
wnte
wrote
torn wnnen
travel
travelled
t1r.11111u.ir ~u111n1<1r\o
•
10:1
Pronunciation There are th ree different ways to say the -ed ending of a past simple verb:
12 Zero conditional the sun
shine -s
.
If
d
flowed
launched
the sun does noV
shine
the battery
is
lull
the lamps
are noV aren't
on
doesn't
mounted
moved
increased added
changed
dropped
inspected
opened
gripped
rotated
If
the current flows trom the panel. the current flows trom the battery.
the current doesn't flow into the battery. the current flO\VS into
'
the battery.
• rhymes w i th did Here are some past participles often used as adjectives: Damage
cracked, damaged, dented, punctured, scratcfled, broken, stolen, torn, bent, burnt, cut Location connected (to), disconnected (from), suspended ( from), mounted (on) , attacfled (to) Example: The pipe is cracked. The switch is
connected to the battery.
Positive
I/He/She
was
in London last year.
You/We/They
were
in the workshop yesterday.
Negative was
You/We!They
were
not
screws are countable
cement is uncountable
~~~~~~~~~~~
a one
screw some
some hvo
screw
oement
•S
a bag of two bagsol
a bag of f\110 bags of
Countable nouns can be both singul ar and p lural. Examples: screw, nail, flammer, boule. Uncountable nouns are always singular. Examples: concrete, cement, sand, oil, water.
11 Past simple of be
I/He/She
13 Countable and uncountable nouns
How much/How many Do you
some/ screws?
need
any
cement?
H ow
many screws
do you
much cement
need?
in Dubai last year. in the workshop last week.
14 Verb constructions was not ~ wasn't were not ~ weren't
cause, allow+ to infinitive
make, let + bare infioitive stop, p,-event +from + gerund
Yes/No question ~~~~~~~~~~~~-
Was
I/he/she
in Dubai last year?
Were
you/we/they
in the workshop last week?
Wh - question
When
104
1
was
I/he/she
in London?
were
you/we/they
in the workshop?
lira1n1nar su11111t.1ry
The motor
causes
the shatt
The open valve
allows
the \vater
to to
The motor The open valve
lets
the water
flow out.
The closed
prevents
valve
stops
the water
lrom
makes
move. flow out.
flowing out.
15 Describing damaged or missing Items Passive
IThl:screen
1s ~speakers_.:a;.;re:..__ __ _ _, have/ don't lwve The cable The cables
has
no
doesn't have
a
have
no
don't have
any
plug. plugs.
There is/ 711ere are There is
Thete are
a scratch
on the screen.
no manual
in the box.
some scratches
on the screen.
no bananas
in the box.
there is ~ r/1ere 's there are ~ rhere ·re
fi r .11111n.1r o;.11 111 111.tr\.
•
105
Reference section 1 Abbreviations SI units of measurement
Abbreviations are usually singular (e.g. 50 metres Is SOm, not SO M:$) Abbreviations are usually lower
square millimetre(s) square metre(s) square kilometre(s)
Volume/Capacity mm' cubic mil limetre(s) m• cubic metre(s) Jun• cubic kilometre(s) ml millilitre(s) cl centilitre(s) L (or I) litre(s) Mo88/ Weight mg milligram(s) g gram(s) kg kilogram(s) tonne(s)
106
FJcctriclty A ampere(s) or a mp(s) Ah ampere hour(s) W watt(s) kW kilowatt(s) kWh kilowatt hour(s) V volt(s)
Speed m/s km/s km/h rpm
metre{s) per second kilometre(s) per second kilometre(s) per hour revo lulion(s) per minut e
OU1cr uuits in common use gal gallon(s) I gal (US) = 3. 7854 L I gal (UK) - 4.5461 L pt pint(s) I pt (US) • 0.4732 L I pt (UK) = 0.5683 L in inch(es) I in =25.4 mm yd yard(s) I yd • 0.9 144 m ml (or m) 111ite(s) l 1111 • 1.61 km mite(s) per flour 100 mph = 161 km/ h mph lb pound(s) I lb • 0.4536 kg Ol ounce(s) I oz • 28.3495 g Temperature C degrcc{s) Celsius F degree{s) Fahrenheit To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit: °F . 'C x 9/5 • 32. To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius: •c ( f - 32) X 5/9. 0
Some other abbr eviations used in this book
2 Numbers, times and dates
am AC
Numbers up to I 00
in the morning alternating current approx. approximately CD compact disc CO-ROM compact disc, read-on ly-memory DC di rect current ovo digital video disc etc. and so on/etcetera FAQ lrequently asked questions GB gigabytes ID identity ISO International Organisation for Standardisation IT information technology LED light-emitting diode LH left-hand MB megabytes n/a not applicable; write this when there is no possible answer. or no need to answer a question on a form n o. number NS near-side (of car). away from the steering wheel N, S, E, W, NW north, south, east, west. north west OS off~side (of car), next to the steering wheel pm in the afternoon (or evening) qty quantity R&D research and development ref. reference/with reference to RF radio lrequency; the RF IN socket on a TV comes from the antenna RH right-hand SCART a connector between two audio-visual machines, e.g. a TV and a DVD player, also called a Euro-connector SI International System of Units; metric units
1V VCR
television video cassette recorder
I
one
2
l\\10
3
three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen
4 5
6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 30 40
50 60
14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 24 twenty-four 25 twenty-five
tiilrty forty fifty sixty
70
seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 a hundred/one hundred
Numb ers over 100
100 1000
I0,000 100,000
I.OOO.OOO 1.000,000.000
a hundred/one hundred a thousand/one thousand ten thousand a hundred thousand/one hundred thousand a million/one mil lion a billion/one billion
Ordi nal numbers
I" first 2"" second 3"' third fourth fifth fi!h sixth 7111 seventh 8" eighth 9'" ninth 10'' tenth 41t.
5••
11'" eleventh 12'" twelfth 13"' thirteenth 14'" fourteenth 15'" fifteenth 16"' sixteenth 17•• seventeenth 18'" eighteenth 19"' nineteenth 20'" twentieth
21 22 23"' 24'" 25'"
twenty.first twenty-second twenty-third twenty-fourth twenty-fifth 26'" twenty-sixth 21•• twenty-seventh 28"' twenty-eighth 29'' twenty-ninth 30'" thirtieth 31~ thirty-first
Decimal numbers 0.1 15.1 15. 15 15.015
nought point one/ zero point one fifteen point one fifteen point one five fifteen point oh one five/fifteen point zero one five
•
107
3 Symbols
Times 24-hour clock
12·hour clock
05. 15
5.15 am
Soma ways to say it
General warnings and safety symbols danger/warning/caution/ hazard
oh tive fitteon live hlteen 1n 1he morning ltve tllleen a1n
10.30
10.30 am
ten thirty In the morning Ian thirty am
14.45
2.45pm
tourteen lorty·hve two lo
21.55
9 .55 pm
nine hfty·f•ve pm
Specinc hazards
twenty-one fdty·lt\le nine 111ty·l1ve 1n the evening
Months January, Februar y. Mar ch, April , May, June. July, August, September. October. November, December Days l\londay, Tuesday. Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday
Danger IW,lh Y(ll~l)t
II a11111 rn bI e
Writing dates • 2011-06-14 (yyyy-mm-Od)- ISO 8601: an International standard • 14/06/11 (dd/mm/yy)- commonly used in Europe • 06/14/11 (mm/dd/yy)-cornmonly used in the US
high voltage
Safety equipment or help
EXIT
Saying years • 19.98 • nineteen ninety-eight • 2000 • t wo thous(lnd • 200/i • two tho11S(lnd and eighr (BrE): two 1/1ous
toxic/poison
.I
~
emergency exit/ lire exit
fire extinguisher
fire alarm
+ c
hospital
lirst aid
no exit
no smoking
• 14'" June 201 I • /4June20/J • June 14, 2011 • June 14"', 201 I
Saying dates t/1e fourteenth of June, two rhousan
emergency stop
•
Prohibitions
no ent ry 108
Heference section
4 Useful words
Some electrical symbols
I Q9 conductor
buzzer
lamp
I
I
)
T battery
=CJ
switch
0 terminal
=D bell
J_ earth
fuse Other symbols +
# 0
=
"
" < >
.I
X
plus/ positive minus/negative hash/ number degree(s) plus or minus equals does not equal at least (also more than or equal to) up to (also less than or equal 10) approximately/ about (also has other uses) less than. under more than, over tick cross point ( decimal number)
Currency symbols euro(s) dollar(s)/peso(s)/reai (s) S. pound(s) ¥ yen Ji; renmlnbi/ yuan J!-~ J rial(s)/riyal(s) Rs Rp rupee(s)
£
$
Industries and technologies aerospace agriculture automotive engineering bio1echnology chemical engineering civil engineering bui lding and construction electrical engineering electronics electronic engineering environmental engineering information tec hnology/ IT information and communications technology/ ICT manufacturing 111arit1e engineering materials testing mechanical engineering petroleum public health security telecommunlcations/ telecoms transport Names of jobs engineer manager technologist technician supervisor team leader mechanic operator Materials Melals: alum inium, titanium, copper. iron, lead, tin Alloys: steel , chrome, cromoly Plastics: polycarbonate, polyester, polystyrene, nylon Composites: Ubreglass, graphite
Internet symbols @
.com A·B A/ B A_B
at dotcom A hyphen BI A dash B A slash B / A forward slash B A underscore B
•
ll
British and American English Here are some of the words used in this book, b ut there are many more. Key the words American British English into an Internet search engine or Wikipedia to find complete lists. Some Am E words and spellings are now used also in Br E, for example, onte11110, disk. Some BrE words are now used in AmE, for example, car. British English (BrE;)
American Engllsh (AmE)
accelerator aerial aeroplane aluminium cable/wire (electricity) car centre colour disc earth (ele ctricity)
gas pedal/gas antenna airplane a1uminum cord automobile cent er col or disk ground fiberglass fibregla'I.~ flat (bollery) dead lift (in a building) elevator li ter litre meter, kilometer, metre, kilometre, millimetre millimeter mobile/mobile phone cellphone gas/ gasoline petrol styr ofoam polystyrene postal code zip code spanner wrench storey (in a building) floor/ story flash light torch tyre tire vice (in a workshop) vise windscreen windshield
5 Social phrases Meeting a friend or co-worker Hello. Hi. Morning. Good morning. How ar e you? How are things? How are you doing? How·s ii going? Fine, thanks. Great. How about you? Introducing yourself I'm Hans. My name's Hans. Introducing someone el~ This is Mia. She's a student here. She's a technician.
l l ()
i
Reference section
Meeting someone for the first time Pleased to meet you. Nice to meet you. Good to meet you Taking leave Goodbye. Bye. Cheerio. See you. See you later. See you tomorrow.
6 Telephone phrases Beginning a phone call Hello. T hi s is Mike. Ifs Mike. Mike here. Mike speaking. Hello. Is that Mike? Yes, this is Mike. ls that Jim? Listening to a voicemail T hank you for calli ng ABC Computers. You've reached the voicemail or John Wilson. Please leave a message after the tone. Leaving a voiccmail Hello. My name is ... My phone number Is .. . My email address is .. . My address is ... I'd like to order/ buy ... I'd like some information about Could you please send me your catalogue/ brochure. Please call me back. It's urgent. Please get back Lo me wh en you can. Thanks. Thank you. Listening to an automatic message Thank you for calling ABC Computers. For the sales department, please press I. To hear information about our services, press 2. To speak Lo a service technician, please hold. Please wait. Answering a call from a customer Thank you for calling ABC Computers. This is the service department. My name's Jason. This is Jason. Jason speaking. I'm the service technician. How can I help? How can I help you? What can I do for you? What's the problem?
7 Forms and email conventions Forms
•
•
••
•
Tltlo (Mr/Ms/Mrs)
Mr
Full name
Jan Lorenz Nowak
First name(•)
Jat1 Lorenz
Surname
Nowak
Occupation
Manne technician
DHlgnatlon/Job Tiil•
Team Leader. Secbon 2
Company
Fleo1 Engine<>nng Co
Company address/Wortc adctres•
U;;;f34, Marina Docks, Rong Road, Bristol BS98 4NT
NeUonallly
Polish
Passport number
n/a
Dole of birth (dd/mmlyy)
10/12/90
Ouallflcallons
Diploma 10 Marine Techno4ogy
Home address
14 Wa~ing Street BnslOI BS88 90 I
House number
14
Po1t11 code
BS88901
Molllng address• Billing address ..
same
Email address
[email protected]
Otflce telephone number
0 1234 8856967
Extension
x 340
Mobile
07734 123 456
• we'll send the goods to this address • •we'll send the invoice to this address Email
Subject: Re: Steering problem From: 1ofoOmorors co.uk
To: Peter Jones Dear Mr Jones Thanks loryour email of 07111 . With rcferencs ro your steenng pr004ems, I've Inspected your car. It needs a new powor steering pump.
Do you want me to install a new pump? Ploase confirm. Regards John Stevens
HI Pl!ter' Thank you tor
Re /With regarct tolCOtlcernmg Would you like m e to Please lot me know. Best regarcts/BesdBest wishes
John· • Use this form when you know your customer well. 1-i1 It rt IH l
..,
t
ll<>ll
•
Ill
7 Specifications 1 Dimensions
10 Safety 3 Investigations
Task exercise 9 page 53
Task exercise S page 79
St udent A
Student A
2
Answer Student B's questions about the Rlon-Antlrion Bridge.
The Rlon-Antirlon Br1dge In Greece
Read about your Incident and answer Student B's questions.
deck (longll>) 2252"'
Two days ago, 23• November, a builder called Gino Pelri had an accident on the 3"' floor ol the new building. The acadent happened at 09.38. Mr Petri was about 20 m above the ground al the lime. He lflpped over a metal girder and he Jell from Iha 3~ Hoor 10 the 2"" floor. He fell Into a safety net and received no Injuries from the fall, bul the girder cul his leg.
I
dec1<: (.ab:M! wa:rer)
52m
8 Reporting 2 Damage and loss Task exercise 9 page 61 Student A
2
5-/
Answer Student B's questions about the damage to your car. broken rear
bem '""" -
112
I I
2
\ll,1 11 1,1!1 11.11
---
2 Then change roles.
-
Investigate Student B's incident. Ask questions and complete the report form on page 79.
Unit 8 Reporting 1 Recent incidents Speaking exercise 7 page 59
10 Safety 3 Investigations
Look at this picture !or one minute. Then turn back to page 59.
Task exercise 5 page 79 Student B
2 Read about you r Incident and answer Student B's questions.
-
~-
JI '
-::..._~ - Jiil r.._~ ~~~
Unit 12 Checking and confirming 1 Data
Yesterday, 15~ July, an electrician called Pedro Gomez had an accident on the #1 scaffolding. The accident happened at 14.46. Mr Gomez was about 1O m above the ground at the time. He raised his right arm. His arm touched a live wire and received a small electric shock. He had a small 2 cm burn on his right arm, but received no other injuries.
Speaking exercise 7 page 91
Unit 12 Checking and confirming 2 Instructions
Unit 11 Cause and effect 1 Pistons and valves
Student B
Speaking exercise 8 page 93
Start here exercise 1 page 84
Confirm or correct Student A"s answers.
Write down what is happening in the pictures using the words in the box.
Check your answers.
Mars 1 6747 km
2 24 hours and 37 minutes 3 228 million km (average) 4 687 Earth days
Yes, that's right. No, that's wrong. Change it to
astronaut car helicopter motorboat plane rover shuttle truck
J •
113
7 Specifications 1 Dimensions Task exercise 9 page 53
1
Student B Answer Student A's questions about the Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge.
I
The Akashi Kaikyo Bridge in Japan 4
deck (\ength) 3911 m span (length) 1991 m
Rion·Antirion Bridge: specifications
~~~~~~-"~-'-~~~~~~~I
Type ot structure water (max depth) 110 m
watCf \II main pier
Cable-stayed
Country
(deplh) 45 m
Piers (number)
2
Then change roles . Ask Student A questions about the Rion-Antlrlon bridge. Complete your specification chart.
Span (length)
Ded< (above water) Ded< (length) Ded< (width) Pylon (above deck)
b
8 Reporting 2 Damage and loss
s dented roof
Task exercise 9 page 61 Student B Answer Student Ns questions about the damage to your car. 2
Then change roles. Now ask Student A questions about the damage to their car. Turn back to page 6 I. Label your diagran1.
ben1r$at
bumpcf
windscreen missing 3
·~
7
bent rear aenal 6
missing offSide
wing mirror
2
donted
bonnet
9 scra1cnoo rear door
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9 Troubleshooting 2 Hotline
USEFUL LANGUAGE
Task exercise 8 page 71
0
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Ooyou have a/an ... 1 Look at the ... . Where is the ... ?
Student A
- 1
Find out all the differences between your wiring diagram and your partner's.
..
Hint: there are at least ten differences of (a) location of sockets and (b) wiring connection.
Ooe5 the ... connect to the ... ? Have you connKted tM ... to the ... ? ls the ... connected to the ... ?
TV
.,-
VCR
KEY
digital receiver, DVD. VCA, TV, antenna, SCART aocket, RF aoeket, in, out. power, socket
• RF sockel
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SCARTtoekel
Unit 12 Checking and confirming 3 Progress Task exercise 5 page 95
Student A It's 8"' August. Answer Student B's questions about your chart. Task
August 2
3
4
5
6
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8
9
10 11 12 13
D1smanlle old water system Assemble now water system Install water system Test equipment lor third spacewalk Take Video ol damaged nose cap Inspect damage to waste tank
Assemble now robot arm Attach new robot arm
B: Have you dismantled the old water system yet?
A: Yes, we have. B: When did you complete the Job?
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