STUDY OF THE IMPORTANT FAMILIES UNDER THE ORDER THYSANURA, DERMAPTERA, DICTYOPTERA, ODONATA, ORTHOPTERA AND ISOPTERA
Cerci
Contagious
Median caudal
Fig. Silver fish (Lepismatidae (Lepismatidae,, Thysanura)
Fig. Dragon fly (Aeshnidae (Aeshnidae,, Odonata) O F CN Ch
: : : :
Thysanura Lepismatidae Silver fish Body covered with silvary scales. Last abdominal segment bears a pair of cerci and a median caudal filament. Antenna long and filiform. • •
•
O F CN Ch
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Odonata Aeshnidae Dragon fly Body stout and robust. Wings dissimilar, i.e. the base of the hind wings are broader than the base of the fore wings. Wings held horizontally when at rest. Compound eyes larger and contagious. Stigma present at apex of the each wing. • •
• • •
Similar fore wing
Fig. O F CN Ch
Damsel fly (Coenagrionidae, Coenagrionidae, Odonata) : Odonata : Coenagrionidae : Damsel fly : Body slender. Both wings similar. Compound eyes larger but separated. Stigma present on each wing.
Jumping Jumping tpe hind leg
Fig. Short horned grasshopper (Acrididae, Orthoptera)
• • • •
O F CN Ch
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Orthoptera Acrididae Short horned grasshopper Antenna much shorter than the body, filiform. Hind leg jumping type. Fore wing modified into tegmina. Ovipositor short. Tarsi 3 segmented Tympanum on first abdominal segment • • • • • •
STUDY OF THE IMPORTANT FAMILIES UNDER THE ORDER THYSANURA, DERMAPTERA, DICTYOPTERA, ODONATA, ORTHOPTERA AND ISOPTERA
Ovipositor
Fig. Long horned grasshopper (Tettigoniidae, Orthoptera)
Cerci
Ovipositor Fig. Field cricket (Gryllidae, Orthoptera)
O F CN Ch
: : : :
Orthoptera Tettigoniidae Long horned grasshopper Antenna longer than body and and filiform. Ovipositor sharp, flattened and blade like structure. Hind leg jumping type and tarsi 4 segmented. • • •
O F CN Ch
: : : :
Orthoptera Gryllidae Field cricket Body large dull, usually pale, brownish or black in color. Ovipositor long needle like. A pair of unsegmented cerci present. Fore wings modified into tegmina. Hind leg jumping type. • • • • •
Digging type fore
Cerci
Fig. Mole cricket (Gryllotalpidae, Orthoptera) O F CN Ch
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Cerci
Fig. Earwig (Forficulidae, Dermaptera)
Orthoptera Gryllotalpidae Mole cricket Robust body. Ovipositor short and vestigial. Front leg greatly enlarged and modified for digging. A pair of long unsegmented cerci present. Fore wings modified into tegmina • • • • •
O F CN Ch
: : : :
Dermaptera Forficulidae Earwig Cerci modified into forcep like structure. Fore wings short, modified into tegmina and hind wings semi circular and folded beneath the tegmina. Antenna short and filiform. Tarsi 3 segmented. • •
• •
Prothorax
Pronotum Raptorial fore leg Tegmina
Fig. Preying mantid (Mantidae, Dictyoptera)
Fig. Cockroach (Blattidae, Dictyoptera) O : Dictyoptera F : Blattidae CN : Cockroach Ch : Body oval, flattened, head partly or completely covered by the shield like pronotum. Antenna longer than the body filiform. Cursorial or walking and running type leg. Fore wings modified into tegmina, hind wings membranous. Mandibulate mouthparts, chewing type • • • • •
O F CN Ch
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Dictyoptera Mantidae Preying mantid Head movable Prothorax greatly elongated. Fore leg raptorial type adapted for grasping prey. • • •
Fig. Termites (Termitidae, Isoptera) O F CN Ch
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Isoptera Termitidae Termite Broad junction between thorax and abdomen Antenna moniliform, multisegmented. Workers with larger head and prominent mandible. Winged or wingless; winged formed with two pair of wings similar in size and shape, held flat over the adomen at rest. Mouthparts chewing type. • • • •
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