ELECTION LAW SYLLABUS (2016-17) I.
Election and Suffrage 1. Definition 2. History 3. Readings: Moya v. Del Fierro, 69 Phil. 199 (1930) Badelles v. Cabili, G.R. No.L-29333, 27 February 1969 Dissenting Opinion of Justice Puno in Tolentino v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 148334, 21 January 2004, 465 PHIL 385-476
II.
Commission on Elections 1. History 2. Composition 3. Qualifications 4. Powers and Functions (1987 Constitution, Omnibus Election Code) 5. Field Offices 6. Readings: The Omnibus Election Code; Purisima v. Salanga, 15 SCRA 704 (1965) Cauton v. COMELEC, 19 SCRA 911 Roque v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 188456, 10 September 2009 (see “ponencia” and separate concurring opinion of CJ Puno) and 10 February 2010 (Motion for Reconsideration) Arroyo v. DOJ and Comelec, G.R. No. 199082, 18 September 2012 and 23 July 2013 Ongsioko Reyes v. Comelec, G.R. No. 207264, 25 June 2013 and 22 October 2013
III.
Voters 1. Qualifications for suffrage 2. Disqualifications 3. Local Absentee Voters 4. Overseas Absentee Voters 5. Detainee, PWDs, IPs, Media 6. Readings: The Omnibus Election Code (Sec. 118) E.O. No. 157 (Local Absentee Voting Law) R.A. No. 7166 (Sec. 12) RA No. 10380 (Local Absentee Voting for Media) R.A. No. 9189 (Overseas Absentee Voting Act of 2003), as amended by R.A. No. 10590 aka "The Overseas Voting Act of 2013.” Macalintal v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 157013, July 10, 2003 People v. Corral, 62 Phil. 945 (1936)
IV.
Registration of Voters 1. Qualification of Voters 2. Disqualifications
Page 2 of 5 3. 4. 5. 6.
V.
Election Registration Board Deactivation, Reactivation, Cancellation Inclusion and Exclusion Proceedings ; Jurisdiction Readings: Omnibus Election Code R.A. No. 8189 (The Voters Registration Act of 1996) Yra v. Abano, G.R. No. 30187, 15 November 1928 Akbayan Youth v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 147066, 26 March 2001 Kabataan Party-list v. Comelec, G.R. No. 221318, 16 December 2015
Candidates 1. Qualifications 2. Disqualifications 3. Certificate of Candidacy 4. Nuisance Candidate 5. Readings: Article XI (Secs. 63-78), Omnibus Election Code Section 40, R.A. No. 7160 RA No. 10742 aka Sangguniang Kabataan Reform Act of 2015 Poe-Llamanzares v. Commission on Elections, G.R. Nos. 221697 & 221698-700, 08 March 2016 Maquiling v. Comelec (G.R. No. 195649, April 16, 2013) Arnado v. Comelec, G.R. No. 210164, 18 August 2015 Caballero v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 209835, 22 September 2015 Frivaldo v. Comelec, G.R. No. 120295, 28 June 1996 Mercado v. Manzano, G.R. No. 135083, 26 May 1999 Villaber v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 148326, 15 November 2001 Lonzanida v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 135150, 28 July 1999 Abundo v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 201716, 08 January 2013 Marquez v. COMELEC, 243 SCRA 538 Dela Cruz v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 192221, 13 November 2012 Atty. Risos-Vidal v. Comelec and Estrada, G.R. No. 206666, January 21, 2015) Aratea vs. COMELEC, 683 SCRA 1 (2012) Jalosjos vs. COMELEC, 683 SCRA 1 (2012) Quinto vs. COMELEC, 606 SCRA 258, December 1, 2009 Quinto vs. COMELEC, 613 SCRA 385, Feb. 22, 2010 Mendoza vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 191084, March 25, 2010 Socrates vs. COMELEC, 391 SCRA 457, Nov. 12, 2002 Pamatong v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 161872, April 13, 2004| Timbol v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 206004 (Resolution), [February 24, 2015])
Page 3 of 5 Rulloda v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 154198, [January 20, 2003], 443 PHIL 649-656 Federico v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 199612, [January 22, 2013], 702 PHIL 68-92 Engle v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 215995, [January 19, 2016] VI.
Campaign, Election Propaganda, etc. 1. Concept, Campaign 2. Campaign Period; Election Period 3. Lawful election propaganda (4) 4. Prohibited election propaganda (4) 5. Prohibited contributions (8) 6. Lawful expenditures; Limitations on Expenses 7. Statement of Contributions and Expenses 8. Readings: Fair Elections Act of 2007 (R.A. No. 9006) R.A. No. 7166, Secs. 13 & 14 Chavez v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 162777, 31 August 2007 Penera v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 181614, 11 September 2009 and 25 November 2009 SWS v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 147571, 05 May 2001 GMA Network Inc. v. Comelec, G.R. No. 205357, 02 September 2014 Emilio Ramon “E.R.” P. Ejercito v. Comelec, G.R. No. 212398, 25 November 2014 The Diocese of Bacolod v. Comelec, G.R. No. 205728, 21 January 2015 1-UTAK v. Comelec, G.R. No. 206020, 14 April 2015
VII.
Political Party; Party-List Organization 1. Definitions: PP, PLO 2. Groups which cannot be registered as political parties 3. Grounds for cancellation of registration 4. Registration; Manifestation to participate in the party-list system 5. Refusal and/or cancellation of registration 6. Nomination of party-list nominees 7. Qualifications of party-list nominees 8. Manner of Voting; Number; Raffle 9. Readings: Veterans Federation Party v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 136781, 06 October 2000 Ang Bagong Bayani v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 147589, 26 June 2001 Barangay Association for National Advancement and Transparency (BANAT) v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 179271, 179295, [April 21, 2009], 604 PHIL 131-184) Atong Paglaum v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 203766, 02 April 2013 Palparan v. HRET, G.R. No. 189506, 11 February 2012
Page 4 of 5 VIII.
Automated Elections 1. History 2. Automated Election System 3. Paper-based Election System 4. Minimum System Capabilities 5. Continuity Plan 6. Advisory Council; Joint Congressional Oversight Committee 7. National Board of Canvassers 8. Readings: R.A. No. 9369 Roque v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 188456, 10 September 2009 Capalla v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 201112, 13 June 2012
IX.
Recall 1. Grounds 2. Procedure 3. Readings:
R.A. No 7160, Secs. 69-74 R.A. No. 9244 COMELEC Resolution No. 7505 Garcia v. COMELEC, 227 SCRA 100 Claudio v. COMELEC, 331 SCRA 388 Goh v. Bayron, G.R. No. 212584, [November 25, 2014])
X.
Failure of Elections, Postponement of Elections, Special Elections 1. Grounds 2. Call of Special Elections 3. Readings: OEC, Article I, Secs. 6-7 Sison v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 134096, 03 March 1999 Ampatuan v. COMELEC, 375 SCRA 503
XI.
Election Offenses 1. Vote-buying, vote-selling, electoral sabotage, etc. 2. Persons criminally liable 3. Penalties 4. Prosecution 5. Prescription 6. Jurisdiction 7. Readings: OEC, Article CCII, Secs. 261-268 R.A. No. 9369 People v. Ferrer, 54 O.G. 1348 Mappala v. Nunez, 240 SCRA 600 People v. Bayona, 181 Phil. 186 Lozano v. Yorac, G.R. No. 94521, 94626, 28 October 1991 Ong v. Martinez, G.R. No. 87743, 21 August 1990 Regalado v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 115962, 15 February 2000 Aquino v. Commission on Elections, G.R. Nos. 21178990, 17 March 2015 COMELEC v. Tagle, 397 SCRA 618 (2003)
Page 5 of 5 Tapispisan v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 157950, [June 8, 2005], 498 PHIL 733-751 Causing v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 199139, 09 September 2014 XII.
Election Adjudication System 1. Jurisdiction of Municipal Trial Courts 2. Jurisdiction of Regional Trial Courts 3. Jurisdiction of COMELEC 4. Procedure in election contests: Courts, COMELEC 5. Procedure in HRET, SET, PET 6. Readings: Article IX (c), Sec. 2, 1987 Constitution Article XXI, Secs. 249-252, OEC 2010 Rules of Procedure in Election Contests Rules of Procedure in Election Contests Before the Courts Involving Elective Municipal and Barangay Officials; COMELEC Resolution No. 8804 COMELEC Resolution No.9164 Jalosjos v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 192474, 26 June 2012 Lokin v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 179431-321, 22 June 2010 Pimentel III v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 178413, 13 March 2008 Tan v. COMELEC, G.R. Nos. 166143-47, 166891, 20 November 2006
XIII.
Appeal and Other Election Issues 1. Quo Warranto 2. Substitution 3. Withdrawal of COC 4. Execution of Pending Appeal 5. Appeal fee/Filing fee 6. Readings: Secs. 73, 76, 253, OEC COMELEC Resolution No. 9518 Dumayas v. COMELEC v. 357 SCRA 358 Miranda v. Abaya, G.R. No. 136351, 28 July 1999 Luna v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 165983, 24 April 2007 Cerafica v. Commission on Elections, G.R. No. 205136, 02 December 2014 Loreto-Go v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 147741, 10 May 2001 Divinagracia v. COMELEC, G.R. Nos. 186007 & 186016, 27 July 2009 Santos v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 155618, 26 March 2003 Navarosa v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 157957, 18 September 2003
