SCIENCE VI NAT NA T REVIEWER REVIE WER
THE MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM The female reprodu!"#e a$a!om% "$lude& "$!er$al a$d e'!er$al &!ru!ure&( The fu$!"o$ of !he e'!er$al female reprodu!"#e &!ru!ure& )!he *e$"!al+ "& !o e$a,le &perm !o e$!er !he ,od% a$d !o pro!e! !he "$!er$al *e$"!al or*a$& from
THE MAIN E-TERNAL STRUCTURES OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM INCL INCLUDE. UDE. /( La," La,"a a ma0 ma0or ora. a. The labia majora enclose and protect protect the other external reproductive organs The labia majora contain s!eat and oil"secreting glands A# A#ter ter pubert$% the labia majora are are covered !ith hair hair 1( La," La,"a a m"$ m"$or ora. a. The$ lie just inside the labia labia majora% and and surround the openings to the vagina and urethra 2( 3ar!h 3ar!hol" ol"$4 $4& & *la$d *la$d&. &. These glands are are located next next to the vaginal opening and produce a &uid 'mucus( secretion 5( Cl"! Cl"!or or"& "&.. The t!o labia minora minora meet at the clitoris% a small% sensitive protrusion protrusion that is comparab comparable le to the penis in males The clitoris is covered b$ a #old o# s)in% called the prep prepuce% uce% !hich is
THE INTERNAL FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM . /( Va*" a*"$a. $a. The vagina is a canal that joins the cervix 'the 'the lo!er part o# uterus( to the outside o# the bod$ It also is )no!n as the birth canal 1( U!e U!eru& ru& )6om, )6om,+. +. The uterus is a hollo!% pear pear"shaped "shaped organ that is the home to a developing #etus The uterus is divided into t!o parts+ the cervix% !hich is lo!er part that opens into the vagina% and the main bod$ o# the uterus% called the corpus The corpus can easil$ expand to hold a developing bab$ bab$ A channel through the cervix allo!s sperm to enter and menstrual blood to exit
THE INTERNAL FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM . /( Fallop"a$ !u,e&. These are narro! tubes that are attached to the upper part o# the uterus and serve as tunnels #or the ova 'egg cells( to travel #rom the ovaries to the uterus 1( Cer#"'. The cervix is the lo!er end o# the uterus It is located at the top o# the vagina and is about one inch long The cervical canal passes through the cervix% allo!ing blood #rom a menstrual period and a bab$ '#etus( to pass #rom the !omb'uterus( into the vagina The cervical canal also allo!s sperm to pass #rom the vagina into the uterus
THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM The pe$"& and the &ro!um are the external organs The penis is the organ #or reproduction and #or urination ,ehind the penis is the scrotum% a sac"li)e pouch that supports the testes The testes begin to produce sperms during pubert$
THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Each !e&!"& produces billions o# sperm cells
Each &perm% the male reproductive cell% has a head and a tail The tail ma)es the sperms move ver$ #ast
The
&perm travels #rom the testes through the tubes called the #a& defere$& that circle the bladder
The
,ladder is a sac that serves as the receptacle #or urine
,ehind the bladder is the gland called &em"$al #e&"le This gland provides the sperms !ith a &uid that enables them to move
The
mixture o# the sperm and the &uid is )no!n as the &eme$ The semen leaves the bod$ via the urethra
Ure!hra is also the tube that carries urine out #rom the bod$ A
TEST YOURSELF( /( 7ha! "& a$o!her $ame for !he u!eru&8 a stomach b !omb c ovar$ d marro! 1( 7ha! "& !he $ame of !he !u,e !ha! arr"e& !he e** ell !o !he u!eru&8 a #allopian b urethra c aorta d Vagina 2( 7ha! do !he o#ar"e& &!ore8 a Semen b embr$os c sperm d egg cells .( The er#"' "& !he o$$e!"o$ ,e!6ee$ 6h"h !6o &!ru!ure s/ a penis and testicles b #allopian tube and ovar$ c vagina and uterus d elbo! and !rist
9( O$l% *"rl& ha#e a ure!hra( a True b 0alse c 1e2nitel$ d 3a$be
TEST YOURSELF( :( Name !he par!& la,eled A a$d 3 "$ !he d"a*ram(
a b c d
A4prostate gland ,4urethra A4scrotum ,4prostate gland A4scrotum ,4urethra A4sperm duct ,4penis
TEST YOURSELF( ;( The d"a*ram &ho6& a &perm( The !a"l e$a,le& !he &perm !o &6"m( 7h% doe& !he &perm $eed !o ,e a,le !o &6"m8 a b c d
In order to get the egg ,ecause it is a member o# the 2sh #amil$ So that it does not dro!n in the semen To travel around in the testicle
<( 7h"h of !he follo6"$* "& $o! par! of !he male reprodu!"#e &%&!em8 e # g h
seminal vesicles urethra prostate gland )idne$
TEST YOURSELF( =( The !u,e !ha! o$$e!& !o !he ,ladder a$d arr"e& ur"$e ou! of !he ,od% "& alled !he>>>>>>>>>>>8 a arter$ b #allopian c penis d 5rethra /?( 7h"h of !he follo6"$* &urrou$d& !he !e&!"le&8 a The sperm duct b The scrotum c The urethra
d The penis
//( A$o!her $ame for !he &e' ell "& >>>>>>>>>>>( a hormone b gamete
c 6$gote
d testicle
/1( A *ame!e "& !he $ame *"#e$ !o !he &e' ell produed ,% e"!her pare$!( 7ha! "& !he $ame of !he male *ame!e8 a Eggb Sperm c Semen d hormone
TEST YOURSELF( /1( Name !he par! la,eled - "$ !he d"a*ram !ha! produe& @u"d& 6h"h help !he &perm !o &6"m8 a 5reter b 7rostate gland c 5rethra d Scrotum
/2( 7here "& !he hormo$e !e&!o&!ero$e made8 a penis b uterus c testicles d )idne$ /5( Ide$!"f% !he par!& la,eled A a$d 3 "$ !he d"a*ram of a &perm &ho6$( b A4nucleus ,4leg c A4head ,4nucleus d A4nucleus ,4tail h d il
HO7 THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 7ORS
/9( 7ha! "& !he purpo&e of !he l"!!le ha"r& "$&"de !he $o&e8 a To 2ght disease b The$ serve no purpose c To )eep dust out o# the lungs d To tic)le the nose and cause snee6es /:( 7ha! "& a$o!her $ame for !he 6"$dp"pe8 a *ungs
b *ar$nx c esophagus
d Trachea
/<( A"r a$ e$!er !he ,od% a$d !ra#el !o !he lu$*& >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>( a through the mouth
b through the esophagus and gullet
c through the !indpipe and the pores d thru the nose and the nervous s$stem
/=( 7ha! "& !he re&p"ra!or% &%&!em8 a The bod$8s breathing s$stem
b The bod$8s s$stem o# nerves
c The bod$8s #ood processing s$stem d The bod$8s blood trans#erring s$stem
1?( 7ha! happe$& !o !he 6"$dp"peB or !raheaB ,efore "! reahe& !he lu$*&8 a It branches in t!o directions
b It branches in three directions
1/( 7ha! "mpor!a$! a!"#"!% !ae& plae "$ !he lu$*&8 a 0ood is digested b *i9uid !aste is 2ltered #rom the blood c :x$gen is exchanged #or carbon dioxide d The trachea is exchanged #or the lar$nx
;; O'%*e$ mo#e& from !he lu$*& "$!o !he ,lood&!ream !hrou*h >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>( a nerve 2bers
b a large arter$ in the heart
c small blood vessels in the lungs d a tube in the lungs called the jugular vein ;< 7he$ 6e ,rea!he "$B 6e "$hale ma$% *a&e&B "$lud"$* o'%*e$( 7ha! happe$& !o !he *a&e& !ha! !he ,od% a$4! u&e8 a The$ are exhaled
b The$ are changed into ox$gen b$ the lungs
c The$ circulate through the bod$ and are disposed o# later d The$ are absorbed into the digestive s$stem and used to create energ$
15( 7ha! are lu$*& for8 a To digest #ood
, To help us breath
c To help us be active
1 To help us excrete !aste
1:( To *o o$ l"#"$*B !he ,od%4& ell& $eed foodB 6a!erB hem"al&B a$d >>>>>>>>>>>>>( a helium b ox$gen c vegetables
d carbon dioxide
1;( 7ha! happe$& 6he$ %ou ,rea!he "$8 a $our diaphragm expands and $our ribcage contracts b $our diaphragm contracts and $our ribcage expands c $our diaphragm explodes and $our ribcage contradicts d All o# the above
1<( 7ha! are ,ro$h"al !u,e&8 a air passages inside $our lungs
b blood vessels inside $our bod$
c tin$ air sacs that deliver ox$gen to the blood
d none o# the above
1=( A"r e$!er& %our lu$*& !hrou*h !he >>>>>>>>>>( a trachea
b esophagus
c alveoli
d bronchial tubes
2?( 7ha! &%&!em& are 6or"$* !o*e!her dur"$* !he proe&& of re&p"ra!"o$8
URINARY SYSTEM AND ITS FUNCTIONS The ur"$ar% &%&!em removes substances #rom the blood in the #orm o# urine and regulates various metabolic processes The urinar$ s$stem is made up o# t!o )idne$s% t!o ureters% the urinar$ bladder% t!o sphincters and the urethra
T6o "d$e%& " a pair o# purplish"bro!n organs located belo! the ribs to!ard the middle o# the bac) Their #unction is to remove li9uid !aste #rom the blood in the #orm o# urine> )eep a stable balance o# salts and other substances in the blood> and produce er$thropoietin% a hormone that aids the #ormation o# red blood cells The )idne$s remove urea #rom the blood through tin$ 2ltering units called nephrons Each nephron consists o# a ball #ormed o# small blood capillaries% called a glomerulus% and a small tube called a renal tubule 5rea% together !ith !ater and other !aste
URINARY SYSTEM AND ITS FUNCTIONS T6o ure!er& " narro! tubes that carr$ urine #rom the )idne$s to the bladder 3uscles in the ureter !alls continuall$ tighten and relax #orcing urine do!n!ard% a!a$ #rom the )idne$s I# urine bac)s up% or is allo!ed to stand still% a )idne$ in#ection can develop About ever$ ?@ to ? seconds% small amounts o# urine are emptied into the bladder #rom the ureters 3ladder " a triangle"shaped% hollo! organ located in the lo!er abdomen It is held in place b$ ligaments that are attached to other organs and the pelvic bones The bladderBs !alls relax and expand to store urine% and contract and &atten to empt$ urine through the urethra The t$pical health$ adult bladder can store up to t!o cups o# urine #or t!o to 2ve hours
URINARY SYSTEM AND ITS FUNCTIONS •
•
•
T6o &ph"$!er mu&le& " circular muscles that help )eep urine #rom lea)ing b$ closing tightl$ li)e a rubber band around the opening o# the bladder Ner#e& "$ !he ,ladder " alert a person !hen it is time to urinate% or empt$ the bladder Ure!hra " the tube that allo!s urine to pass outside the bod$ The brain signals the bladder muscles to tighten% !hich s9uee6es urine out o# the bladder At the same time% the brain signals the sphincter muscles to relax to let urine exit the bladder through the urethra When all the signals occur in the correct order% normal urination occurs
2/( The ur"$ar% &%&!em "$lude& all ,u! 6h"h of !he follo6"$*8 a 5rethra
b ureters
c )idne$s d adrenal glands
21( 7ha! are %ou do"$* 6he$ %our d"aphra*m a$d r", mu&le& o$!ra! a$d a"r e$!er& !he &pae rea!ed "$&"de %our he&! a#"!%8 a Coughing
b Eating c Inhaling
d Exhaling
22( a b c
Fu$!"o$& of !he ur"$ar% &%&!em "$lude all of !he follo6"$* except . Regulating blood volume Conserving nutrients b$ preventing their excretion in the urine Regulating plasma concentrations o# ions b$ controlling the amount lost in the urine d Regulating blood pressure
25( 7ha! "& !he purpo&e of !he l"!!le ha"r "$&"de !he $o&e8 a To 2ght disease
, The$ serve no purpose
c To )eep dust out o# the lungs d To tic)le the nose and cause snee6es
29( S!ru!urall%B a "d$e% "&>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>( a approximatel$ the si6e o# a #ull gall bladder b so#t enough to change shape dramaticall$ in response to the activit$ o# abdominal organs that might constrict it c covered b$ #our capsular la$ers d )idne$"bean shaped 2:( A *lomerulu&>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>( e is a portion o# the proximal convoluted tubule # occurs in the *oop o# enle g 2lters urine just prior to its exit #rom the )idne$ h is a capillar$ )not contained !ithin the renal corpuscle 2;( 7h"h of !he follo6"$* "& not !rue of $ephro$&8 i There are roughl$ ; million nephrons in each )idne$ j Each nephron consists o# a long renal tubule ) The$ can be vie!ed onl$ !ith a microscope l :ne t$pe occurs onl$ in the medulla o# the )idne$
2<(
A $ephro$ ha& !6o par!&B a$d !he&e are !he>>>>>>>>>>>>>>( a glomerulus and collecting duct b renal corpuscle and renal tubules c collecting duct and convoluted tubules d proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubules 2=( The re$al medulla "& ompo&ed of !"&&ue alled >>>>>>( a renal p$ramids b nephrons c renal sinus d renal pelvis 5?( 7h"h "& fou$d "$ !he h"*he&! o$e$!ra!"o$ "$ !he ur"$e8 a 5ric acid b 5rea c Dlucose d Creatinine
5/( The >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> "& !he fu$!"o$al u$"! of !he "d$e%( a renal p$ramid b renal medulla c nephrond renal cortex
51( 7here "& !he loa!"o$ of !he e'!er$al ure!hral &ph"$!er "$ !he huma$ male8 a prostatic urethra
b spong$ urethra
c membranous urethra d tip o# the penis
5( A$ "$fe!"o$ of !he ur"$ar% ,ladder "& !ermed >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>( a 5rethritis
b c$stitis c nephritis
d glomerulonephritis
5d( Ho6 "& e'e&& &al!& a$d m"$eral& from !he ,ladder remo#e8 a b$ respiration b b$ the s!eat glands c b$ digestion
d b$ urination
.( 7h"h or*a$ e're!e& ur"$e8 a idne$s
b s!eat glands
c large intestine d anus
CLASSIFICATION OF VERTE3RATES Vertebrates possess a s)ull that protects the brain Vertebrate s)ulls house the sensor$ organs #or taste% smell% hearing and vision 3ost vertebrates have t!o pairs o# appendages !hich can ta)e the #orm o# !ings% &ippers% 2ns% arms or legs
CLASSIFICATION OF VERTE3RATES ? Amphibians "
live both on land and in the !ater The$ are cold" blooded animals !ith three" chambered heart
; 3ammals" generall$ considered the most advanced members o# the animal )ingdom < Reptiles "
the$ have either an outer covering o# scales or thic)% leather$ plates
. ,irds " the$ are !arm"blooded% the$ consume a great deal o# #ood to maintain their bod$ temperature 0ishes " are vertebrates !ith special characteristics that allo! them to spend all or part o# their lives in !ater
5:( 7ha! do %ou all a$"mal& !ha! are old,looded 6"!h !hree ham,ered hear! a& 6ell a& o!her or*a$& are ommo$l% fou$d8 a ,irds b 3ammals c Amphibians d 0ish 5;( 7ha! are !he !%p"al e'ample& of amph","a$&8 a 0rogs% toads and salamanders b DiraFe% cat and dogs c Shar)s% salmon and trout d Turtles% reptiles and li6ards 5<( Ho6 do amph","a$& pro!e! !hem&el#e&8 a b$ 9uic)l$ scurr$ing a!a$ #rom danger b absorb ox$gen into their bodies through their s)in c the$ need parental care to protect them d b$ hiding into the grasses 5=( The p"!ure ,elo6 &ho6& &e#eral d"ere$! ,"rd& 7ha! hara!er"&!" do all ,"rd& &hare8 a
The$ can &$
b
The$ have #eathers
c
The$ have !ebbed #eet
9?( 7h"h of !he follo6"$* ue&!"o$& "& !e&!a,le "$ a &"e$!" "$#e&!"*a!"o$8 a Are dogs better pets than cats/ b b Are dogs happ$ !hen the$ are !al)ed/ c Are cats more active at night than during the da$/ d Are cats easier to ta)e care o# than dogs/ 9/( 7ha! are !he &pe"al hara!er"&!" of a &h a$d amph","a$&8 e Allo! them to spend all o# part their lives in !ater # The$ are oviparous and la$ eggs !ith brittle shells !hich must be incubated !hile the$ develop g The$ breathe exclusivel$ through the use o# !ell"developed lungs h The$ possess hair that can cover all or part o# their bodies 91( 7h"h of !he follo6"$* mammal& ,elo$* !o ph%lum Chorda!a / a giraFe b dog c elephant d #rog
92( The follo6"$* are hara!er"&!"& of mammal&B 6h"h o$e doe& $o! ,elo$* !o !he *roup8 a The$ are members o# 7h$lum Chordata b The$ are the most advanced members o# the animal )ingdom c The$ are nourished !ith mil) secreted b$ the mammar$ glands o# their mothers d The$ are more sophisticated than other t$pes o# animals
95( 7ha! are !he !6o la&&e& of &h8 a Chondrichth$es and osteicht$h$es b Aves and reptilia c Chordata and mammalia
d All o# the above
99( 7ha! are !he ommo$ hara!er"&!"& of a ,"rd8 a The$ are !arm blooded b The$ consume s great deal to maintain their bod$ temperature c ave highl$ eGcient respirator$ s$stem and a #ast beating d All o# the above
CHARACTERISTICS THAT ENA3LE ANIMALS TO SURVIVE IN AN ENVIRONMENT( Animals characteristics include numerous adaptations that enable them to survive in a !ide range o# environments The$ live in nearl$ ever$ habitat around the globe% #rom #rigid polar regions% to turbulent seas% to dense tropical #orests Animals also possess bod$ structures that help them get their #ood The$ also possess bod$ structures to protect themselves
Moder$ mammal& range in stature #rom tin$ 2eld mice to massive !hales and although various species ma$ loo) drasticall$ diFerent% all mammals still share a uni#$ing set o# characteristics Some mammal characteristicsHsuch as their hair% mammar$ glands% and three speciali6ed middle"ear bonesHare shared b$ no other groups o# animals
CHARACTERISTICS THAT ENA3LE ANIMALS TO SURVIVE IN AN ENVIRONMENT( F"&h are #ound nearl$ ever$!here there is !ater !ith enough #ood% ox$gen and cover Near $our home there should be a bod$ o# !ater that has 2sh living in it Amph","a$& have adapted to survive in man$ diFerent t$pes o# habitats The$ can be #ound in #orests% !oodlots% meado!s% springs% streams% rivers% la)es% ponds% bogs% marshes% s!amps% vernal ponds and even #armland
CHARACTERISTICS THAT ENA3LE ANIMALS TO SURVIVE IN AN ENVIRONMENT( ANIMAL ADAPTATION /( MIMICRY Imitating the shapes% colors% smells or sounds o# other animals ;
MIGRATION 3ovement o# animals to !armer places during !inter 3ovement #rom one place to another during certain seasons o# the $ear
<
CAMOUFLAGE Cop$ing the #eatures o# a superior animal to protect onesel# #rom its enemies
.
GROUP LIFE Animals gathering together usuall$ #ollo!ing a leader
ESTIVATION 1eep sleep during summer that lasts #or a long time
J
HI3ERNATION 1eep sleep during !inter that last #or a long time
K
PROTECTIVE COLORATION ,lending o# an animal8s color to its surrounding
9<( 7h"h of !he follo6"$* a$"mal& l"#e "$ !he po$d8 a rabbit
b mil)2sh
c dove
d cat
9=( oala ,ear& l"#e o$ >>>>>>>>>>>( a #ruit bearing tree
b mountain
c eucal$ptus Three d acacia tree
:?( 7ha! "$d of po"&o$ doe& Puer &h ha#e8 a Venom
:/(
b Tetradon Toxin c C$anide
d ethanol
Mo&u"!oe& ,reed a$d &!a% "$ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>( a clear stagnant !ater c rice 2eld !ith plent$ o# grains
b trees and bushes d inside the house
:1( Mo&! a$"mal& &leep dur"$* 6"$!erB 6ha! do 6e all !h"&8 a Camou&age
b ibernation
c Estivation
d Rain$ season
:2( Lar*e&! ,"rd "$ e'"&!e$eB !h"& ,"rd a$$o! @% al!hou*h "! ha& a pa"r of 6"$*&(
:5( A$"mal& !ha! a$ ,le$d 6"!h "!& &urrou$d"$* are alled >>>>>>>>>>>( a camou&age
b blending
c coloring
d eagle
:9( 7h"h of !he&e a$"mal& demo$&!ra!e& r%p!" olora!"o$8 a native duc)s b bumble bee
c grasshopper
d tamara!
::( 7h"h of !he&e de&r",e& r%p!" olora!"o$8 a blends !ith the environment c changes in color •
b changes the environment d invisibleness
:;( Some a$"mal& l"e &h a$ l"#e o$l% "$ 6a!er( Some a$"mal& a$ l"#e o$l% "$ la$d( 7h% a$ a$"mal& l"#e "$ a par!"ular e$#"ro$me$!8 a
The$ live !here the$ can get #ood
b
The$ live !here the temperature is hot
c
The$ live !here the$ have no enemies
d
The$ live !here the temperature is cold
:<( 7here 6ould %ou mo&! l"el% $d a ,"rd 6"!h lo$*B &!"l!l"e le*&B
:=( 7h% do polar ,ear& ha#e !h" fur&8 a So that the$ can !al) #ast , So the$ can sleep better c So that the$ are good to loo) at C So that the$ can al!a$s #eel !arm
;?( 7h"h of !he follo6"$* a$"mal hara!er"&!"& "$ NOT m"m"r%8 a 0rogs change their colors b Turtles hide under their hard shells c Wal)ing stic)s blends !ith t!igs and under bush d Sphinx moth resembles its !ooden resting place
;/( A$"mal& l"#e "$ plae& 6here !he% a$ $d food a$d &hel!er( 7h"h a$"mal "& mo&!l% l"el% "$ fr"*"d l"ma!e&8 a Camel
b 7olar ,ear
c *ion
d 3on)e$
;1( 7h% do ma$% de&er! a$"mal& ea! mea!8 c 1esert animals do not li)e plants d 1esert animals cannot che! grass e 1esert animals al!a$s hide under the ground
;2( Ho6 do a$"mal& "$ old plae& adap! !o h"& old &urrou$d"$*&8 a
The$ have thic) s)in to )eep their bod$ !arm
b
Their bod$8s color blends !ith their surroundings
c
The$ have la$ers o# #ats to )eep their bod$ !arm
d
The$ have #eathers or hair to )eep their bod$ !arm
;d( Ho6 doe& a &u$ pro!e! "!&elf from "!& e$em"e&8 e
It blends its color !ith the environment
#
It mimics the sound and shape o# its pre$
g
It secretes a #oul"smelling substance that )eeps its enemies a!a$
h
The$ pla$ dead
;9( Ho6 do a$!&B mo$e%& a$d elepha$!& pro!e! !hem&el#e& from !he"r e$em"e&8 i j
The$ group themselves The$ develop strong legs #or running
•
;:( Ho6 do ,ear& prepare !hem&el#e& for h",er$a!"o$8
a The$ gro! large thic) #urs b The$ build nests #or themselves c The$ change the color o# their #urs d The$ eat enormous amount o# #ood just be#ore !inter
DESCRIBE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF PLANTS. •
7lants have special characteristics !hich help them adapt to their environment
•
/( PROTOPHILIC 7lants that adapt to intense light 1( PHOTOPHO3IC 7lants that gro! in shad$ areas 2( PARASITE PLANTS Non"green plants survived b$ getting #ood #rom other living things 5( SAPROPYTES plants line on the bod$ o# once living thing
;;( The ,ra$he& a$d &!em& of pla$!& mo#e !o6ard& &oure of l"*h!( Th"& !%pe of mo#eme$! "& alled >>>>>( a geotropism
b h$drotropism
c chemotropism d phototropism
;<( Seed& are d"&per&ed from o$e plae !o a$o!her( 7h"h &eed "& ,e&! &u"!ed for d"&per&al ,% mea$& of a$"mal& l"e ,"rd&8 a Narra
b Duava c Coconut
d 3ango
;=( Ho6 do olor& of @o6er& help !he pla$! "$ reprodu!"o$8 a The$ help in beati#$ing the garden b the$ drive insects that harm the plants c The$ attract insects that help in reproduction o# plants d To attract insects that protects plants #rom harm#ul enemies
, *ight% rounded% !ax$ leaves
c ,ulbous stems 2lled !ith air 1 Spreading% #eather$ root stem
<1( 7h% mo&&e& a,le !o l"#e o$ damp ro&8 a ,ecause the$ can ma)e roc) slipper$ b ,ecause the$ can cut do!n !ater loss c ,ecause the$ can give oF carbon dioxide d ,ecause the$ can absorb !ater better in this place
<2( 7ha! mae& ra"$ a$d &$o6 ea&"l% &l"de of p"$e !ree&8 I
Its !ax$"coated leaves
II
Its needle"shaped leaves
III Its drooping leaves and branches a I and II onl$
b I and III onl$
c II and III onl$
d I% II and III
<9( Some people pla$! ,ou*a"$#"llea alo$* fe$e& !o pre#e$! people from pa&&"$* !hrou*h( 7ha! pre#e$!& people from !ouh"$* or *e!!"$* $ear ,ou*a"$#"llea pla$!8 a It has hoo)s b It has stic)$ juice c It has sharp thorns d It has unpleasant smell <:( Ho6 do &ome mu&hroom& pro!e! !hem&el#e& from a$"mal&8 e ,$ gro!ing spines # ,$ having 2ne hairs g ,$ producing poison
DIFFERENTIATE PHYSICAL FROM CHEMICAL CHANGESPROCESSES /( PHYSICAL CHANGE Involves the change in phase% si6e% and shape o# matter but not changing its chemical properties It does not produce ne! substances The ne! #orm ma$ be changed bac) in to the old #orm Tearing 1r$ing 3olding
cutting
crumpling
pounding brea)ing bending shaping
DIFFERENTIATE PHYSICAL FROM CHEMICAL CHANGESPROCESSES 1( CHEMICAL CHANGE It alters the chemical characteristics o# matter% thus #orming a ne! substance It cannot return to its #ormer structure Some evidences o# chemical changes are+ #ormation
o# gas
#ormation
o# precipitate
change
in color
production burning%
o# light and heat energ$
coo)ing% rusting% deca$ing% #ermenting
<;( M"helle hu$* 6e! lo!he& ou!&"de& !he hou&e dur"$* a &u$$% da%( Af!er hour& !he% all dr"ed up( 7ha! ha$*e !oo plae8 a 7h$sical change
b Chemical change
c 7h$sical and chemical change
1 None o# the above
<<( HaJel hea!ed !he &u*ar !o mae &%rup( 7ha! ha$*e 6a& ,rou*h! ,% hea!"$*8 a( 7h$sical change
b Chemical change
c 7h$sical and chemical change
d No change at all
<=( Your mo!her ,rou*h! K "lo ra6 ma$*oe& from !he mare!( She plaed !hem "$ a ,a&e!( Af!er 2 da%&B !he *ree$ ma$*oe& !ur$ed %ello6"&h "$ olor( 7ha! ha$*e& !oo plae8 a( 7h$sical change c Energ$ change
b Chemical change d Electrical change
=?(A h"ld pour& 6a!er "$!o a pla&!" o$!a"$er "$ !he freeJer&( Af!er a$ hour "! !ur$ed "e( 7ha! ha$*e !oo plae8
=/( Ho6 a$ %ou produe a hem"al ha$*e "$ 6ood8 a( Chop it b Cut it into man$ tin$ places
c ,urn it d 7ut it in !ater
For I!em& Num,er =1 a$d =2B refer !o !he ,o' l"&!"$* !he d"ere$! ha$*e& !ae plae( A Ripening o# #ruits 1 Evaporating salt!ater , ,urning o# !ood C Cementing processes
E Se!ing cloth into a dress 0 Coconut !ater turning into vinegar
=,( 7h"h are e'ample& of hem"al ha$*e8 a A% ,% C b A% ,% 0 c ,% 1% 0 d C% 1% E =( 7h"h are e'ample& of ph%&"al ha$*e8 e A% ,% C # A% ,% 0
For item 94, reer to t!e "ox "e#o$. I mel!"$* "e II mel!"$* 6a'
=d( 7h"h &!a!eme$! "& !rue a,ou! !he ha$*e& "$ !he !6o *"#e$ e'ample& / a( I is ph$sical change II is chemical change ,( I is chemical change II is ph$sical change ( I and II are ph$sical changes d( I and II are chemical changes =9( 7h"h of !he follo6"$* "& a re&ul! of a hem"al ha$*e / e 0ro6en !ater # ,ro)en glass g Chopped !ood h Tarnished silver!are =:(7h"h of !he follo6"$* "& a re&ul! of ph%&"al ha$*e8 i An iron nail becomes rust$ j ,urning a piece o# paper ) Nail polish !as removed #rom the 2ngernails using acetone l 3ixing o# salt and !ater
O-YGEN CAR3ON DIO-IDE CYCLE •
•
•
•
•
An eo&%&!em has materials that plants and animals used in order to live Among these materials are ox$gen and carbon"dioxide
O'%*e$ is a gas released as a ,%produ! of pho!o&%$!he&"& It is c$cled in the environment Car,o$ d"o'"de is released in re&p"ra!"o$ It is also released !hen decomposition occurs O'%*e$ is released b$ plant sand is ta)en in b$ animals #or respiration !hile ar,o$ d"o'"de is ta)en in b$ plants #or pho!o&%$!he&"&(
=;( I$ !he ar,o$o'%*e$ %le ar,o$ *a& a$d o'%*e$ *a& m"'e& "$ !he >>>>>>>>>>>>( a% atmosphere
b soil
c #ossil #uel
d #actories
=<( Car,o$ d"o'"de "& !ae$ "$ ,% pla$!& !hrou*h !he proe&& alled>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>( a s$mbiosis b photos$nthesis c chemical process d All o# the above
==( Car,o$ *a& a$ ,e &!ored u$der$ea!h !he ear!h a& a >>>>>>>>>>>>>( a #ossil #uel
b soil
c !ater
d garbage
/??( Car,o$ d"o'"de "& o$e of !he *a&e& !ha! au&e !he 6arm"$* of !he a!mo&phere( Th"& o$d"!"o$ "& $o6$ a& !he >>>>>>>>>>>>( a global !arming
b green house eFect
c thermal energ$d heat
/?/ (The %le &ho6$ "$ !he "llu&!ra!"o$ ,elo6 "& >>>>>>>>>>>>( a carbon c$cle
b carbon ox$gen c$cle
c ox$gen c$cle
d none o# these
/?1( 7h"h &!a!eme$! "& !rue a,ou! !he pla$!& "$ !he "llu&!ra!"o$8 a The$ give oF carbon"dioxide #or animals use b The$ give oF ox$gen #or children use in breathing c The$ need ox$gen to s$nthesi6e glucose and photos$nthesis d The$ need carbon"dioxide #rom the sun to manu#acture #ood /?2( 7h"h &!a!eme$! "& !rue a,ou! !he a$"mal& "$ !he "llu&!ra!"o$8 e( The$ give"oF carbon"dioxide #or plants use # The$ need carbon"dioxide #rom the plants #or breathing g The$ give oF ox$gen gas #or plants use in photos$nthesis h The$ need the sun !hich provide them ox$gen #or breathing
The plants and the 2sh in the a9uarium sho! a basic t$pe o# ecos$stem
/?5( 7h"h &!a!eme$!& a,o#e "llu&!ra!e !he depe$de$e of o$e or*a$"&m !o a$o!her8 a The 2sh can ma)e #ood through the help o# the plants b The 2sh needs the plants #or reproduction and the plants need the 2sh #or protection c The 2sh need carbon"dioxide #rom the plants #or respiration and the plants ox$gen #rom the 2sh #or photos$nthesis d All o# the above /?9( 7ha! 6"ll "f !he &uppl% of ar,o$ d"o'"de "& perma$e$!l% u! o8 a Dreen plants !ill gro! b 7hotos$nthesis cannot ta)e place c Animals can not undergo respiration d All o# the above /?:( 7ha! "& a ,%produ! of re&p"ra!"o$8
ENCIRCLE THE NUM3ER OF THE CORRECT ANS7ER(
