Sap Testing Tutorial

SAP Testng Tuorial: Creae your Firs SAP Tes Case Introduction to SAP The basic idea behind introducing SAP ( System Applications and Products ) was to provide the custom ers the ability to interact with common corpo rate databases for a comprehensive range of applications. SAP is an integrated ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) to mae business process wor efficiently.

!ollowing "ideo will e#plain the need of ERP software lie SAP in an enterprise

SAP suite contains different modules such as SAP !$%&' S' ' *R' etc. 

SAP Testing %onsultant+ a %areer choice

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,hat is meant by SAP implementation-

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,hat is SAP customiation-

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,hat is maintenance of SAP software-

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SAP End to End lifecycle and corresponding Testing Phases

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Types of Testing Applicable to SAP applications

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*ow to create a SAP Test %ase

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Automated Testing of SAP Applications

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Performance Testing of SAP Application

Wha is SAP Testng? SAP Testing is same as Software Application testing however here the applications is SAP ERP. At whatever point you mae a change in SAP software' test cases need to be created to chec the new functionality. SAP testing can also involve / performance testing. (to chec speed of sap applications) 0 web testing (for SAP web portals).

SAP Testng Consulan- a Career choice

Skill Set

To become a SAP tester you need following skill sets 1. Testing knowledge 2. Functional knowledge of the module being tested.

Typical WorkDay

On any typical work day you will be busy understanding reuirement documents ! creating test cases ! e"ecuting test cases ! reporting and re#testing bugs ! attending re$iew meetings and other team building acti$ities.

Career Progression

%our career progression as a software tester &'A Analyst( in typical )**+ le$el , company will look like following but will $ary from company to company QA Analyst &Fresher( - Sr. QA Analyst&2-3 year experience(- QA Team Coordinator &5-6 year experience -Test Manager &8-11 experience( - Senior Manager &14+ experience(

How SAP Testing is more lucrative than other testing projects ? ,hile testing any A1T ' 2. 3ou ac4uire deep functional knowledge of the A1T. ,ithout sufficient nowledge of A1T its difficult to test 5. *one your testing skills As with any $T company ' you move from one pro6ect to another in due course of time. All the hardwor you did to understand the functionality of A1T is obsolete in the new pro6ect. This is typically true if you are switching pro6ects across domains say telecom to healthcare. $n case of SAP' the functional nowledge you ac4uire is portable and can be used in other pro6ects. Suppose you are switching 6obs. $n your old company you were testing billing software for "odafone. ,hat is the liely hood that the same pro6ect is available in your new company - 7e#t to 8ero. 7ow consider this case. 3ou are switching from SAP Testing pro6ect to another SAP Testing pro6ect in new company. 3ou instantly recognie the 91$ ' Transaction codes' vanilla business worflows which is a huge advantage. 3ou will need to learn the customiations made by the client but still you need a deep nowledge of the software.

The biggest advantage as SAP Tester is that due to the deep functional knowledge you acuire! you can easily become a SAP "unctional #onsultant: SAP %onsultants are in huge demand 0 they are almost always on short supply and command premium salaries.

Wha is mean by SAP implemenaton? %onsider this scenario. %ompany A offers 25 annual leaves. %ompany ; offers 5< annual leaves. Salary must be deducted for any employee who uses 2= th or 52st annual leave for %ompany A 0 ; respectively. This information must be configured into the SAP system which is nothing but SAP implementation and configuration$ The SAP vanilla version is powerful but not much useful until it>s customied and configured as per the business policies' legal stipulations' 0 technical re4uirements of a company. This process is called SAP implementation. $t could typically tae a few months to even years.

Wha is SAP cusomizaton? SAP by far has the highest collection of ;usiness Process. ;ut sometimes your internal company processed many not be accurately mapped using the readily available SAP business transactions. $n such cases custom code is created using A;AP. It involves code changing to create functionality that is not available through configuration . This is nothing but customiations. SAP customiation can also be done to generate custom reports' programs' or enhancements.

Wha is mainenance of SAP so!are? %nce the SAP system is configured! customi&ed! deployed and made live ' any changes made to the SAP system is termed as (aintenance$ This could include 

7ew !eature addition to the SAP System

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;ug !i#es

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SAP ?ernel 1pdates

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Support Pac 0 Stac 1pdates &SS note implementation

SAP "n# o "n# lifecycle an# correspon#ing Testng Phases There are multitude of methodology that can used for SAP implementation 

ASAP ( !or initial implementation of SAP systems ' and porting$mplementation from legacy systems)

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aintainence @ifecycle

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1pgrade @ife%ycle

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%ustom evelopment @ife%ycle

,hatever the lifecycle you may be woring' there are three main testing phases you will be involved in )* Test Preparation +* Test e,ecution phase -* Test .valuation phase

Tes preparaton phase 2.

$dentification of business process to be tested

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anual and automated test case development

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%reation of test suites and review

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Set up of test system

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%reation of test data

Tes e$ecuton phase 2.

Test e#ecution either manually or using test tools

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Test status reporting and defect handling

Tes e%aluaton phase 2.

etailed assessment of all test plans

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efect Analysis

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ocumentation of the testing process

Types of Testng Applicable o SAP applicatons

!or SAP applications the common testing performed areC 1.

/nit TestingC This part of testing is mostly taen care by the developers based on their defined unit testing rules as per the organia tions. This is sometimes done by the silful white bo# testers. The test is done in the development bo#. This wor is the testing interfaces' conversions' enhancement' reports' flows and offorms(R$%E,!) developed primarily with A;AP code. Testing of development ob6ect includes testing for security authoriation' 'data transfer rules' reconciliations and batch

scheduling 6obs. ;, (;usiness ,arehouse) testing is also part of the development tests. 5. Integration TestingC $t is the testing of combined components of a SAP application to determine if they function together correctly. $t is typically done in the DA environment and uses realistic test data. =. 0egression TestingC Regression testing is done to ensure that the new changes implemented do not adversely affect the e#isting woring code. SAP R= is a tightly integrated system. A single stac update' &SS note' transport' configuration changes' new development interfaces can have cascading and severe effect. Regression Testing is usually e#ecuted using automation tool by the testing team. . Performance TestingC $t is testing SAP app lications to ensure that they will perform well under e#pected worload. Performance testing encompasses load ' volume 0 stress testing to determine system bottlenecs. The aim of this testing is to enhance robustness of SAP applications and helps deploy systems that can sustain high load forecast' with ero post production performance issues. The testing includes checing business processes that may cause stress' due to high transaction or batch volumes. $t is usually e#ecuted using automated tools 0 involves collaboration of basis' database' infrastructure and test teams to monitor test results. B. "unctional TestingC !unctional testing ensures that your implementation of SAP meets your business re4uirements. SAP is highly configurable system and could be easily integrated with in+house applications or third party tools. 9iven this varied configuration and comple#ity functional testing is a must. !unctional testing removes uncertainty over business use cases and brings 4uality. $t includes review of design documents and creating test artifacts including test re4uirements' test scenario and test cases. !unctional testing is usually done by the testing team with a bacground in particular SAP module being tested. F. /ser Acceptance Testing 1/AT*C &nce functional' system and regression testing is completed' 1AT ( 1ser Acceptance Testing) is performed. $t ensures that the SAP sys tem is usable for the end users of the system. The end users independently e#ecute the user acceptance test cases that includes testing business processes' functions' documentation (operating manuals' cheat sheets) etc. ,ith 1AT users can feel comfortable with the new business environment and can tae full ownership of the system. G. Secur C To ensure the areasliesap+portal safety of SAP applications' security testingityis Testing performed. *igh ris security' networ security' operational security' product security' access control and source code audit for security are tested. This is usually involves the basis' database' infrastructure' development and test teams.

H. Portal TestingC These techni4ues involve testing the SAP Portals on different browser and checing business processes

&o! o creae a SAP Tes Case @et>s design a test case to change the 7ame of an employee in SAP system To create an effective test case' you must 

etermine SAP role re4uired to e#ecute the test case

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$dentify the SAP transaction that needs to be e#ecuted for the test case

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Test ata re4uired e#ecuting the test case. etermine whether the data needs to be created or whether it used by another tester or whether the data is loced 0 cannot be modified.

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Any Pre+re4uisites

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Peer review Test cases

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%reate positive as well negative scenarios

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%reate detailed Test Steps.

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Test coverage should be robust

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ocument defects in timely manner which is as soon as they are discovered.

Refer this video' for a guideline on how to change SAP $nfotype

The test case designed for this is as follows +

Important 2ote SAP is a humungous system with endless variations. $ts neither feasible nor cost+ effective to chec all possible variations and combinations of test parameter inputs in SAP system. As in above e#ample ' a tester could have verified change in @ast 7ame' ate of ;irth' Address' Pin %ode' %ity ' State' %ountry' change in permanent ' temporary' wor address etc. A Tester needs to adopt strategies reduce the number of test cases without sacrificing coverage. E#amples of such strategies include boundary value analysis' e4uivalence partitioning 0 orthogonal arrays.

Auomae# Testng of SAP Applicatons Testing is a huge challenge for colossal system lie SAP. As per recent study by AS19' &ver HFI customers are concerned about riss due to lac of comprehensive testing.

Automation has following benefits for SAP applications 2. The chief and most valuable benefit is improved test coverage 5. ;etter product 4uality and therefore less production outages. &utages in SAP productions environments could cost a company millions: =. ,orload decreases with each release cycle Automation Tools The methodology and approaches are more important than the chosen test tool. ,hen you thin about testing SAP application' some tools comes in mind naturally lie SAP TA&' e%ATT' DTP etc.

"CATT ' "$en#e# Compuer Ai#e# Tes Tool( E%ATT is used to create and e#ecute functional tests for SAP. E%ATT is an in+ built tool that comes bundled with SAP with a primary ob6ective of automated testing of SAP business processes. .#ATT useful features

2. Test transactions' reports and scenarios 5. %all ;AP$s and function modules =. Test remote systems . %hec Authoriations (user profiles) B. Test updates F. Test the effect of changes to customiing settings G. %hec system messages

)TP ' )uic* Tes Professional Tool( *P>s DuicTest is a eyword driven automation tool. $t supports many environments including SAP. The tool is robust' feature rich and user+friendly. $ts maret leader in with automation tool commanding maret share.for$t>s a commercial tool e#cellent vendor support. ma6or $t>s a tool of choice SAP automation.

SAP TA+ SAP released the automation tool SAP TA& in collaboration with !ocus !rame(now ac4uired by *e#aware). SAP TA& wraps up DTP and D% where DTP acts as e#ecution engine and test scenarios are created and driven from D% through business components. SAP TA& automates generation of test components for end to end scenarios. SAP TA& and *PD% setup do have some benefits compare to other testing tool there is a huge corporate support for both *P and SAP software products. SAP TA& client application performs three functions' inspecting transactions from a SAP server! e,porting the transactions to HP 3uality #enter and consolidating components or scripts from H P 3uality #enter$

Performance Testng of SAP Applicaton Performance testing of SAP applications is done to chec its speed! scalability and stability. Performance Testing SAP helps with 

%onform with service+level agreements (S@As).

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&ptimie software configuration settings.

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Reduce overspending on hardware %ertify that the system will not crash or fail during seasonal high load and help avoid corresponding financial losses.

Events that Trigger Performance Test %hoice of Performance testing tool for SAP depends on the underlying SAP application being tested. ;elow is a list of SAP performance test tools and their application areas 2. &pen source !ree 

Jmeter + (Performance Test SAP ;usiness &bects ;$ Platform)

&pen STA (Performance Test SAP Portals)

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5. %ommercial @oad Runner (Performance Test SAP E%% amongst other SAP applications) / recommended by SAP

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$; Rational Robot (%an test wide variety of SAP applications)

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Top , SAP Testng .ner%ie! )uestons / Ans!ers )* (ention what is SAP? SAP stands for System Applications and Products . $t provides customer the ability to communicate with common corporate databases for a comprehensive range of applications. $t maes the business process wor efficiently. +* (ention what is SAP Testing? The SAP Testing is same as software application manual testing. $t helps to detect and rectify error at all business modules lie finance' manufacturing' etc. -* (ention what are the types of testing is done for SAP? Types of SAP testing are' 2. 1nit testing 5. !unctional and Regression testing =. 1AT testing . $ntegration testing and so on. 4* (ention how to create an effective SAP Test case? 

etermine SAP role re4uired to e#ecute the test case

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$dentify the SAP transaction that needs to be e#ecuted for the test case

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Test ata re4uires e#ecuting the test case. etermine whether the data needs to be created or whether it is used by another tester or whether the data is loced 0 cannot be modified $s there any pre+re4uisites re4uired

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%reate negative as well as positive scenarios

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%reate detailed Test Steps

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Test coverage should be robust

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ocument defects in a timely manner as soon as they are discovered 5* (ention tools useful for SAP Testing? Tools useful for SAP Testing include' 

DTP ( Duic Test Professional Tool)

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SAP TA&

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E%ATT

6* 7hy choosing a right strategy is more important than choosing a tool for SAP Testing? %hoosing right strategy is important for SAP Testing because' 

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SAP is a humungous system with endless variations. $tKs neither feasible nor cost+effective to chec all possible variations and combinations of test parameter inputs in SAP system. A Tester needs to adopt strategies to reduce the number of test cases without sacrificing coverage.

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E#amples of such strategies include'

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;oundary value analysis'

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E4uivalence partitioning 0 orthogonal array.

8* (ention what are the benefits for SAP applications? ;enefits for SAP applications are' 

$mproved test coverage

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;etter product 4uality and less production outages

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,orload decreases with each release cycle

9* (ention what are the challenges faced during SAP Testing?

uring SAP Testing challenges faced are' 

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"alid combination of test data re4uired for testing All the critical interfaces should be determined' and their connectivity should be established with corresponding test systems To recognie the business processes which are suitable for test automation $dentify negative testing conditions ention how does the system design trace bac to all captured re4uirements and the number of test cases $dentify Regression scenariostest cases and build Regression test suite that re4uires during each release anaging output and input data to complete the scenarios &T%' P5P' etc. esign robust Automation !ramewor that should be maintainable and scalable

:* (ention what are the points to be considered while performing SAP Interface Testing? ,hile performing SAP $nterface Testing remember following points' 

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,hat is the ob6ective of using SAP $nterface and what business scenarios are processed by the interface"erify the interface is processing all business scenarios accurately as per the test strategy ;est practice to perform $nterface testing is to begin with 1nit testing "erify if the outbound interface is alright' which means that it ensures to perform file meeting specifications in terms of layout' etc. "erify if the inbound interface is alright. %hec if it is reading the file correctly and if it is performing the correct steps in the target system.

);* (ention what are the types of work processes in SAP? $n SAP' types of wor processes include are 

ialog

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En4ue

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1pdate

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;acground

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Spool 

essage

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Server

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9ateway

))* (ention what is the difference between kernels! support packages < SAP 2ote? The difference between ernels' support pacages 0 SAP 7ote is' 

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SnoteC ;y implementing a SAP 7ote an error in a single program or Transaction is removed. Support PackageC All nown errors are corrected by applying SAP Support Pacage SAP =ernelC $t is the core of the application. ,hen a ?ernel is upgraded' it means an older versions of the various ELE files get replaced.

)+* (ention what is .#ATT? E%ATT is used to e#ecute and create functional tests for SAP. $t is an inbuilt tool that comes bundled with SAP with a primary ob6ective of automated testing of SAP business processes. )-* (ention what are the useful features of .#ATT? 1seful features of E%ATT are' 

Test transactions' scenarios' and reports

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Test remote systems

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%all ;AP$s and function modules

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%hec Authoriations (user profiles)

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Test updates

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Test the effect of changes to customie settings

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%hec system messages

)4* (ention what is the difference between developer trace! System trace! and System log? The difference between developer trace' System trace' and System log 

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System TraceC $t is used when you want to record the internal SAP system activities >eveloper TraceC $t contains technical information for use in the event of issues with your system. 1sing the entries in the developer traces re4uires sound nowledge of the host systems in which your SAP system is running System ogC 3ou can use the log to highlight and rectify errors occurred in your system and its environment.

)5* (ention what is Screen flow logic in SAP Testing? Screen flow logic in SAP Testing is lie an A;AP code. $t is used to contain the processing blocs. $t consists of procedural part of the screen and is created in screen painter. Screen painter is lie an A;AP editor. )6* (ention what is the use of Process "low Analy&er in SAP TA%? $n SAP TA&' Process !low Analyer is used to find out automatically the user interfaces used in transaction codes e#ecuted in a SAP system. )8* (ention what is SAP # utover Testing? SAP %utover Testing is usually performed once in a pro6ect lifecycle. $n this phase' a full+scale e#ecution of all tass is involved to retrieve data from legacy systems and then to implement any ind of data conversion' load the results into the SAP system and fully validate the results' including a user sign+off. )9* (ention what should be the approach for writing a @># program? !or writing a ;% program' convert the legacy system data into a flat file. Then convert the flat file into an internal table. Transfer the flat file into sap system called Msap data transfer.M Then call transaction or create sessions.