SAP MM Interview Questions & Answers for Fresher’s
1. Introduction to SAP MM
1.
What is SAP? How is it used in industries?
SAP is the most ou!ar enterrise resource resource !annin" #$%P software a!ication used to rovide enterrise 'usiness so!utions. It was (rst introduced in 1)*+ in Mannheim, -erman. SAP stands for Sstems, A!ications, and Products in /ata Processin".
SAP rovides com!ete 'usiness so!utions ' inte"ratin" various 'usiness tas0s such as sa!es, urchase, and roduction. SAP ta0es information from one 'usiness rocess and incororates it into another 'usiness rocess, there' seedin" u a!! 'usiness rocesses. For eam!e, information a'out the raw materia! in stoc0 is used ' the roduction deartment to determine how to reare roducts.
SAP is wide! used in various industries 'ecause as it udates and rocesses imortant data ver 2uic0!, it can automate 'usiness rocesses and rovide rea!3time so!utions for 'usinesses. +.
4rie5 descri'e the histor of the SAP software.
6he SAP software was deve!oed ' a coman of the same name. SAP #the coman was founded in 1)*+ ' (ve former I4M em!oees7 /ietmar Ho, Hans3Werner Hector, Hasso P!attner, 8!aus 6schira, and 9!aus We!!enreuther.
SAP re!eased its mainframe roduct, ca!!ed SAP %:+, in 1)*). 6he c!ient:server c!ient:server version version of the SAP software, software, ca!!ed SAP %:;, %:;, was re!eased re!eased in 1))+. 6oda, SAP is the !ar"est vendor of standard 'usiness3a!ication software.
SAP constant! de!ivers sca!a'!e so!utions to its customers, customers, a!!owin" them to resond to dnamic mar0et conditions and he!in" them to maintain an advanta"e over their cometitors. Some of the maifecc!e Mana"ement #P>M, to name a few. ;.
What is mSAP $%P? What are the other 'usiness comonents?
mSAP $%P is the net3"eneration net3"enerati on $%P a!ication a!icat ion from SAP Ain -erman, and was (rst !aunched in +;. 6he mSAP $%P a!ication has a!! the features of revious! re!eased SAP $%P software, such as SAP %:; and SAP Strate"ic $nterrise Mana"ement #S$M, a!on" with its own etensions. etensions. 6he mSAP $%P a!ication rovides e3commerce so!utions ' usin" We' techno!o". 6he mSAP $%P $%P a!ication has has the fo!!owin" fo!!owin" advanta"es7 advanta"es7
o
Mo'i!e infrastructure, infrastruct ure, which imroves wor0force mo'i!it mo'i!it
o
6ransarenc throu"h a 'usiness inte!!i"ence inte!!i "ence framewor0
o
/e!iver of eo!e3centric services
o
Faster access to information, which faci!itates faci!it ates 2uic0 decision ma0in"
o
Seam!ess inte"ration inte"rati on of rocesses throu"hout the 'usiness
@
mSAP $%P inc!udes the fo!!owin" roducts7
o
mSAP $nterrise %esource P!annin" #$%P
o
mSAP Su! 9hain Mana"ement Mana"ement #S9M
o
mSAP Su!ier Su!i er %e!ationshi Mana"ement #S%M
o
mSAP 9ustomer %e!ationshi Mana"ement #9%M
o
mSAP Product >ife 9c!e Mana"ement #P>M
@
mSAP %:; can 'e c!assi(ed into the fo!!owin" 'usiness comonents7 comonents7
o
Financia! a!ications a!icati ons
o
Human resource a!ications a!icat ions
o
>o"istics
o
Sa!es and distri'ution a!ications
=.
What are the industr3seci(c industr3se ci(c so!utions avai!a'!e in mSAP?
6he mSAP $%P $%P a!ication rovides rovides 'usiness 'usiness so!utions for for a!most ever ever industr, inc!udin" automotive, automotive, chemica!, and media. arious industr3seci(c so!utions avai!a'!e in mSAP inc!ude the fo!!owin"7
@
mSAP Automotive
@
mSAP Aerosace and /efense
@
mSAP 9onsumer Products
@
mSAP 4an0in"
@
mSAP 9hemica!s
@
mSAP mS AP Hi"h 6ech
@
mSAP $n"ineerin" and 9onstruction
@
mSAP Hea!thcare
@
mSAP Hi"her $ducation and %esearch
@
mSAP Insurance
@
mSAP Media
@
mSAP Bi! and -as
@
mSAP Mi!! Products
@
mSAP Minin"
@
mSAP Pu'!ic Sector
@
mSAP Pharmaceutica!s
@
mSAP Service Providers
@
mSAP %etai!
@
mSAP 6e!ecommunications e!ecommuni cations
@
mSAP Cti!ities
D.
What is SAP %:;?
@ SAP %:; is an $%P software that was oEcia!! !aunched in 1))+. It is a re!acement for the SAP %:+ mainframe comutin"3'ased $%P software and is 'ased on c!ient3server comutin". With the advent of c!ient3server comutin", SAP A- in -erman #founder of the SAP $%P software !aunched SAP %:; to rovide c!ient3server3'ased rea!3time 'usiness so!utions. 6he !etter % in SAP %:; reresents the rea!3time 'usiness data rocessin", whi!e the num'er ; reresents the three tiers in c!ient3server comutin". @ 6he three tiers in c!ient3server c!ient3 server comutin" are7 resentation #c!ient, a!ication #'usiness !o"ic, and data'ase #stores the actua! 'usiness data. @ SAP %:; inte"rates various 'usiness areas, such as sa!es, urchase, and rocurement, ' usin" diGerent functiona! modu!es, such as Materia!s Mana"ement #MM, Sa!es and /istri'ution #S/, Financia! #FI, 9ontro!!in" #9B, and Human %esource #H%. @ /iGerent versions of SAP %:; inc!ude ;.1i, =.', =.D', =.', and =.c the !atest version is =.*. .
How diGerent versions of SAP evo!ved?
Since its incetion, SAP has continued to suort chan"in" 'usiness rocesses and to adat itse!f to the needs of or"aniJations. In order to suort the most current 'usiness strate"ies, SAP has evo!ved over time and ro"ressed throu"h the fo!!owin" versions7 @ SAP %:1K6his was the (rst version of SAP and was deve!oed for (nancia! accountin" sstems. 6his version is no !on"er avai!a'!e.
@ SAP %:+K6his was the second version of SAP. It re!aced the %:1 version in the 1)*s and was a mainframe3'ased 'usiness a!ication. SAP %:+ suorted mu!ti!e currencies and !an"ua"es to he! internationa!iJe 'usiness mana"ement. 6his version is a!so no !on"er avai!a'!e. @ SAP %:;K 6his version re!aced SAP %:+, addin" suort for c!ient3server3 'ased distri'uted sstems. 6his new version of SAP is mu!ti3!at formed, meanin" it can 'e insta!!ed and used on mu!ti!e !atforms, such as Windows or CLI. *.
Wh are industr3seci(c so!utions used in SAP %:;?
@ Industr3seci(c so!utions are used in the SAP %:; $%P a!ication in order to automate various 'usiness rocesses for a!most ever industr, inc!udin" automotive, oi! and "as, and chemica!. 4 automatin" 'usiness rocesses, the SAP %:; a!ication he!s or"aniJations meet the fo!!owin" cha!!en"es7
o
$ mer"in" mar0etsK $arnin" revenue in emer"in" mar0ets
o 9ometitionKMaintainin" successfu! 'usiness oerations in a wor!d of (erce cometition o
Increasin" demandsK Hand!in" increasin" and varin" customer demands
o >a'or issuesK So!vin" the ro'!ems that arise for 'usiness oerations re2uirin" eEcient s0i!!ed !a'or o
Wor0force shorta"esKSo!vin" the ro'!em of a shorta"e of s0i!!ed ersonne!
@ 6he imortance of industr3seci(c so!utions comes from a ver 'asic foundation of thou"ht7 ever te of 'usiness is uni2ue and therefore needs to 'e catered to accordin"!. 6he same hi!osoh ma not 'e a!ica'!e for automotive 'usinesses and inte"rated stee! !ants, 'ecause 'oth re2uire entire! diGerent aroaches to 'usiness !annin". 6he automotive industr is 'ased on the assem'!in" of e2uiment and artsNdiscrete manufacturin", whereas the inte"rated stee! !ant is a continuous manufacturin" unit. 6herefore, each 'usinessOs functiona!ities are diGerent in areas such as roduction and inventor mana"ement. .
What 'ene(ts are envisa"ed after im!ementin" SAP in an or"aniJation?
After the insta!!ation of SAP %:; in an or"aniJation, the fo!!owin" chan"es wi!! occur7 @
Imrovement in ro
@
Inte"ration of su!iers and su'contractors
@
BtimiJation of sa!es3order caa'i!ities
@
9omrehensive 'usiness suort seci(c to a articu!ar industr te
@
Minima! cost of ownershi
@
Cniformit of 'usiness rocesses
@
A'i!it to ma0e safe strate"ic choices
).
What are the diGerent Modu!es in SAP %:;?
6o inte"rate various 'usiness rocesses, SAP %:; comes with various modu!es, such as MM, S/, and 9B. 6hese modu!es are further "roued into various 'usiness3functiona! areas. 6he functiona! areas and the SAP %:; modu!es in those functiona! areas are as fo!!ows7
@ Financia! a!icationsK/ea!s with an or"aniJationOs (nancia! matters, such as rearin" and ana!Jin" (nancia! documents and reortin" the document outut to the aroriate authorities for further rocessin". 6o mana"e a!! these concerns, the fo!!owin" SAP %:; modu!es are "roued in this functiona! area7
o
FIKFinancia! Accountin"
o
9BK9ontro!!in"
o
$9K$nterrise 9ontro!!in"
o
IMKInvestment Mana"ement
o
6%K6reasur
@ Human resourcesK/ea!s with documents re!ated to an or"aniJationOs human resources deartment. 6he SAP %:; modu!es "roued in this area he! an or"aniJation to mana"e rocesses such as sa!ar creation and distri'ution, em!oeesO aro!! across the or"aniJation, and transferrin" data to other
re!evant deartments, such as (nance. 6his area consists of the fo!!owin" modu!es7 o
Personne! Mana"ement
o
6ime Mana"ement
o
Paro!!
o
6rainin" and $vent Mana"ement
o
Br"aniJationa! Mana"ement
@ >o"istics a!icationsK6his is the !ar"est area covered ' SAP %:;. 6his area he!s mana"e 'road3!eve! 'usiness rocesses such as sa!es and distri'ution of roducts, materia!s mana"ement, roduction !annin", and 2ua!it mana"ement. 6his area consists of the fo!!owin" modu!es7
o
MMKMateria!s Mana"ement
o
S/KSa!es and /istri'ution
o
PPKProduction P!annin"
o
PMKP!ant Maintenance
o
>BK>o"istics
o
QMKQua!it Mana"ement
o
PSKPro
o
WMKWarehouse Mana"ement
1.
What are the core functiona!ities of the SAP sstem?
6he core functiona!ities of the SAP sstem are Sa!es and /istri'ution #S/, Materia!s Mana"ement #MM, Financia! Accountin" #FI, and Production P!annin" #PP. In the (rst hase, comanies im!ement the SAP software with these core functiona!ities. >ater, in the second and third hases, the ma a!so introduce other functiona!ities, such as 9ontro!!in" #9B, Warehouse Mana"ement #WM, and Human %esource #H%. However, the tes of modu!es and the hasin" of im!ementation deends so!e! on the te of industr in which the c!ient wor0s, as we!! as the or"aniJationOs readiness and the ur"enc with which the inte"rated enterrise sstem, such as SAP, must 'e adoted. 11.
How can ou de(ne an MM modu!e? What is its imortance in SAP %:;?
MM stands for Materia!s Mana"ement and is a art of the >o"istics functiona! area of SAP %:;. It is an imortant SAP %:; modu!e 'ecause it he!s mana"e 'road3!eve! 'usiness activities, such as rocurement, va!uation and assi"nment, 'atch mana"ement, and materia!s stora"e. Since materia!s are the most recious resource of an or"aniJation, etreme care needs to 'e ta0en in a!! the
rocesses re!ated to materia!s mana"ement. $Ecient materia!s mana"ement is the essence of the MM modu!e of SAP %:;. 1+.
How is the MM modu!e inte"rated with other modu!es of SAP?
@ 6he MM modu!e dea!s with materia!s rocurement on the 'asis of the roduction re2uired therefore, it is !in0ed with the PP modu!e.
@ 6he S/ modu!e is roortiona!! re!ated to the MM modu!e, 'ecause it uses information a'out the 2uantit of materia! sent for roduction.
@ 6he WM modu!e is re!ated to the MM modu!e, 'ecause the MM modu!e maintains information a'out materia!s stora"e and materia!s transfers inside an or"aniJation.
@ 6he FI modu!e is a!so re!ated to the MM modu!e, 'ecause ever oeration erformed in the MM modu!e direct! imacts the (nancia! rocesses of the or"aniJation. 1;. What are the main comonents of the MM modu!e? How are these comonents used in SAP?
@ 6he MM modu!e dea!s with materia!s rocurement on the 'asis of the roduction re2uired therefore, it is !in0ed with the PP modu!e.
@ 6he S/ modu!e is roortiona!! re!ated to the MM modu!e, 'ecause it uses information a'out the 2uantit of materia! sent for roduction. @ 6he WM modu!e is re!ated to the MM modu!e, 'ecause the MM modu!e maintains information a'out materia!s stora"e and materia!s transfers inside an or"aniJation.
@ 6he FI modu!e is a!so re!ated to the MM modu!e, 'ecause ever oeration erformed in the MM modu!e direct! imacts the (nancia! rocesses of the or"aniJation. +. Br"aniJationa! Structure
1.
What is the or"aniJationa! structure in the MM modu!e?
6he or"aniJationa! structure in the MM modu!e is a hierarch in which various or"aniJationa! units are arran"ed accordin" to their tas0s and functions. 6he
diGerent or"aniJationa! units that constitute the or"aniJationa! structure of the coman are as fo!!ows7
@ 9!ientK A se!f3contained unit in the SAP sstem with searate master records and its own set of ta'!es.
@ 9oman codeK 6he sma!!est or"aniJationa! unit. ou can create an indeendent set of accounts for this unit for the urose of eterna! reortin".
@ P!antK An or"aniJationa! unit where materia!s are roduced or "oods and services are rovided. ou can divide an enterrise into various !ants accordin" to roduction, rocurement, maintenance, and materia!s !annin".
@ Stora"e !ocationK An or"aniJationa! unit where the "oods roduced in the !ant are stored.
@ Warehouse num'erK An a!hanumeric 0e that reresents a warehousin" sstem, which is made u of diGerent or"aniJationa! and technica! stora"e areas.
@ Stora"e teK An area such as a "oods receit area, "oods issue area, or ic0in" area. A!so the hsica! or !o"ica! division of a com!e warehouse.
@ Purchasin" or"aniJationKAn or"aniJationa! unit that rocures materia!s and services and ne"otiates with vendors to urchase materia!s or "oods.
@ Purchasin" "rouK An a!hanumeric 0e for a 'uer or a "rou of 'uers who are invo!ved in urchasin" activities. 6he urchasin" "rou is resonsi'!e for materia!s rocurement and dea!in" with vendors. +.
What are the !eve!s of or"aniJationa! units of $nterrise Structure in %:;?
6he c!ient is the hi"hest !eve! unit of the or"aniJationa! units in $nterrise Structure in SAP %:;. 6he c!ient is fo!!owed ' the coman code, which reresents a unit with its own accountin", 'a!ance, and ro(t and !oss #P&>. 6he net !eve! of or"aniJationa! units in $nterrise Structure is the !ant, which reresents an oerationa! unit of a coman. ;.
/e(ne 9!ient. What is its imortance in SAP?
@ A c!ient can 'e de(ned as a erson, coman, or or"aniJation that urchases "oods from another erson, coman, or or"aniJation. In terms of SAP, a c!ient is de(ned as a unit that has its own master records and a set of ta'!es. 6he c!ient is imortant in SAP 'ecause it stores and maintains data a'out the or"aniJation where SAP is im!emented. =.
How to create a c!ient in MM modu!e?
ou can create a c!ient in the MM modu!e either ' usin" the transaction code S99= or ' erformin" the fo!!owin" stes7
@ Se!ect SAP Menu R 6oo!s R Administration R Administration R 9!ient Administration.
@ /ou'!e c!ic0 S99=N9!ient Maintenance. 6he dis!a view 9!ients7 Bverview screen aears.
@
Se!ect /is!a R 9han"e. 6he information dia!o" 'o aears.
@ 9!ic0 9ontinue. 6he chan"e view 9!ients7 Bverview screen aears, where ou can create a new c!ient. D. /e(ne coman. How is it diGerent from a c!ient? What are the data in MM that are maintained at the coman code !eve!?
@ A coman is an or"aniJationa! unit for which individua! (nancia! statements are drawn er the re!evant commercia! !aws. A coman consists of one or more coman codes. Within a coman, a!! coman codes must use the same transactions in addition to the same (sca! ear 'rea0down however, coman code currencies can var. @ A coman is diGerent from a c!ient 'ecause a c!ient can itse!f 'e a coman, or an or"aniJation that has mu!ti!e comanies. For eam!e, the owner of the entire SAP sstem is a c!ient. 6he sstem wi!! have on! one oerationa! c!ient, 'ut the c!ient ma further have a "rou of comanies. 6he fo!!owin" data are he!d at the coman code !eve!7
o
Materia! num'er
o
9!assi(cation data
o
Mu!ti!in"ua! descrition
o
Cnits of measure
o .
6echnica! data How to create a coman code in SAP?
@ In SAP, a coman code is created usin" the transaction B+. 6he coman code (e!d is reresented ' a four3character a!hanumeric strin". ou can create a coman code in SAP ' erformin" the fo!!owin" stes7
o
Ben the SAP 9ustomiJin" Im!ementation "uide.
o Se!ect $nterrise Structure R /e(nition R Financia! Accountin" R $dit, 9o, /e!ete, 9hec0 9oman 9ode. 6he 9hoose Activit dia!o" 'o aears.
o /ou'!e3c!ic0 $dit 9oman 9ode /ata. 6he chan"e view 9oman 9ode7 Bverview screen aears where ou can create a coman code. *.
How can ou assi"n a coman code to a coman in SAP?
@ In SAP, a coman code is created usin" the transaction B+. 6he coman code (e!d is reresented ' a four3character a!hanumeric strin". ou can create a coman code in SAP ' erformin" the fo!!owin" stes7
o
Ben the SAP 9ustomiJin" Im!ementation "uide.
o Se!ect $nterrise Structure R /e(nition R Financia! Accountin" R $dit, 9o, /e!ete, 9hec0 9oman 9ode. 6he 9hoose Activit dia!o" 'o aears.
o /ou'!e3c!ic0 $dit 9oman 9ode /ata. 6he chan"e view 9oman 9ode7 Bverview screen aears, where ou can create a coman code. .
How man charts of accounts can 'e assi"ned in a coman?
es. Bne chart of accounts can 'e assi"ned to severa! 9oman 9odes. However, the reverse is not ossi'!e i.e., ou wi!! not 'e a'!e assi"n more than one chart of accounts to a sin"!e 9oman 9ode. ).
How man coman codes can 'e assi"ned in one chart of accounts?
ou can assi"n man coman codes to a chart of accounts. 1
How man coman codes can 'e assi"ned to a coman?
ou can assi"n on! one coman code to a !ant.
11.
What is a !ant in MM?
A !ant is an or"aniJationa! unit where materia!s are roduced or "oods and services are rovided. In SAP, a !ant is reresented ' a uni2ue four3di"it a!hanumeric num'er. A !ant is a!!ocated to one coman code, and a coman can have man !ants. In the or"aniJationa! unit, a !ant can 'e at one of the fo!!owin" !ocations7
@
9ororate head2uarters
@
9entra! de!iver warehouse
@
Manufacturin" faci!it
@
%e"iona! sa!es oEce
1+.
How is a !ant de(ned in MM?
ou can de(ne a !ant in the MM ' erformin" the fo!!owin" stes7
@ Se!ect IM- R $nterrise Structure R /e(nition R >o"isticN-enera! R de(ne, 9o, /e!ete, 9hec0 P!ant.
@
9!ic0 $ecute. 6he 9hoose Activit dia!o" 'o aears.
@ Se!ect /e(ne P!ant to create a !ant. 6he chan"e view P!ants7 Bverview screen aears. @ 9!ic0 Lew $ntries. 6he Lew $ntries7 /etai!s of Added $ntries screen aears. @
Secif the !ant code in the !ant (e!d.
@
9!ic0 the address icon to dis!a the $dit Address (e!d.
@ Secif the re2uired va!ues in the (e!ds, such as 6it!e, Lame, and Search 6erm 1:+. @
9!ic0 B8. 6he Lew $ntries7 /etai!s of Added $ntries screen aears a"ain.
@
9!ic0 the Save icon to save the new! de(ned !ant.
1;.
What are the rere2uisites for creatin" a !ant?
6here are three rere2uisites that are re2uired in order to create a !ant. 6he are as fo!!ows7 @ 9oman ca!endar K9omrised of wor0 das, u'!ic ho!idas, and coman ho!idas. $ver SAP sstem is rovided with a coman ca!endar that can 'e modi(ed er the schedu!e of the coman.
@
9ountr 0e KHe!s in de(nin" a !ant.
@ %e"ion 0e K%efers to a state or rovince that is associated with the countr. It is re2uired a!on" with the countr 0e.
1=.
How man coman codes can 'e assi"ned to a !ant?
ou can assi"n on! one coman code to a !ant. 1D.
9an a coman code 'e assi"ned to man !ants?
ou can assi"n man !ants to one coman code.
1.
What is the menu ath to assi"n a !ant to a coman code?
ou can assi"n a coman code to a !ant ' navi"atin" the fo!!owin" menu ath7 SAP Menu R 6oo!s R 9ustomiJin" R IM- R $ecute Proo"istics3-enera! R Assi"n 9oman 9ode to P!ant.
1*.
/e(ne Stora"e !ocation in SAP.
@
A stora"e !ocation is de(ned ' erformin" the fo!!owin" stes7
o
Se!ect 6oo!s R 9ustomiJin" R SAP %eference IM- R $dit Pro
o Se!ect $nterrise Structure R /e(nition R Materia!s Mana"ement R Maintain Stora"e. o
9!ic0 the c!oc0 icon . 6he /etermine Wor0 Area7 $ntr dia!o" 'o aears.
o
Secif the va!ue #P1 for the !ant in the dia!o" 'o.
o 9!ic0 the chec0 mar0 icon . 6he chan"e view Stora"e >ocations7 Bverview screen aears. o
9!ic0 Lew $ntries. 6he Lew $ntries7 /etai!s of Added $ntries screen aears.
o
Secif the va!ue of the stora"e !ocation and descrition (e!ds.
o
9!ic0 the Save icon to save the stora"e !ocation.
o
9!ic0 the $it icon to create the stora"e !ocation.
1.
How wi!! ou de(ne a stora"e !ocation?
A stora"e !ocation is de(ned ' erformin" the fo!!owin" stes7
@
Se!ect 6oo!s R 9ustomiJin" R SAP %eference IM- R $dit Pro
@ Se!ect $nterrise Structure R /e(nition R Materia!s Mana"ement R Maintain Stora"e.
@
9!ic0 the c!oc0 icon . 6he /etermine Wor0 Area7 $ntr dia!o" 'o aears.
@
Secif the va!ue #P1 for the !ant in the dia!o" 'o.
@ 9!ic0 the chec0 mar0 icon. 6he chan"e view Stora"e >ocations7 Bverview screen aears.
@ 9!ic0 Lew $ntries. 6he Lew $ntries7 /etai!s of Added $ntries screen aears.
@
Secif the va!ue of the stora"e !ocation and descrition (e!ds.
@
9!ic0 the Save icon to save the stora"e !ocation.
@
9!ic0 the $it icon to create the stora"e !ocation.
1).
How is a stora"e !ocation assi"ned to a !ant?
@ ou can assi"n a stora"e !ocation to a !ant either ' usin" the transaction code B) or ' erformin" the fo!!owin" stes7
o
Ben the SAP 9ustomiJin" Im!ementation "uide.
o Se!ect $nterrise Structure R /e(nition R Materia!s Mana"ement R Maintain Stora"e >ocation. 6he view c!uster Maintenance7 Initia! Screen window aears with the /etermine Wor0 Area7 $ntr dia!o" 'o oened. @ In the /etermine Wor0 Area7 $ntr dia!o" 'o, enter a !ant num'er and c!ic0 9ontinue. 6he chan"e viewStora"e >ocations7 Bverview screen aears where ou can assi"n a stora"e !ocation to the !ant.
+. 9an stora"e !ocations 'e created automatica!!? How can the 'e created automatica!!?
Stora"e !ocations can 'e created automatica!! when an inward "oods movement for a materia! is erformed. In order to create stora"e !ocation automatica!!, oen the SAP Im!ementation "uide and c!ic0 Materia!s Mana"ement R Inventor Mana"ement and Phsica! Inventor R -oods %eceit R 9reate Stora"e >ocation Automatica!!.
;. Master /ata in SAP MM
1.
What is Master data in MM modu!e?
6he master data in the MM modu!e acts as reference data, de(nin" various 'usiness entities and !ain" a 0e ro!e in the core oeration of the 'usiness. +.
How is master data imortant in MM modu!e?
6he master data in the MM modu!e contains a!! of the 'asic information needed to mana"e materia!. 6he data is stored and sorted on the 'asis of diGerent criteria, such as the descritive nature of the materia! #siJe, dimension, and wei"ht and the contro! functions of the materia! #materia! te and industr sector. Aart from data maintained ' the user, the master data a!so stores data that is automatica!! udated ' the sstem #such as stoc0 !eve!s. ;.
What are the various tes of master data in MM modu!e?
6he diGerent tes of master data in the MM modu!e are as fo!!ows7
@
Materia! master
@
endor master
@
Purchasin" information record
@
Source !ist
@
Quota arran"ement
=.
What is a Materia! Master (!e?
A materia! master (!e stores and maintains a!! of the information re!ated to mana"in" a materia!. 6he materia! master is sorted on the 'asis of diGerent criteria. D.
Wh are materia! master records used in SAP?
Materia! master records are used in the SAP %:; sstem to mana"e materia!3 seci(c data. 6he materia! information stored in materia! master records is used ' a!! !o"istics areas in the SAP %:; sstem. 6he materia! master records inte"rate a!! materia!3seci(c data into a sin"!e data'ase o'
How is the information of materia! master records udated?
ou can manua!! udate the information in the materia! master records, however, there are some ecetions for which the information can 'e udated ' the SAP %:; sstem on!, for eam!e, administrative data. *.
What are the tes of industr sectors de(ned in Materia! Master data?
@ 6he diGerent tes of industr sectors de(ned in the materia! master data are as fo!!ows7
o
Aerosace and defense
o
4evera"e
o
9hemica! industr
o
Food and re!ated roducts
o
Mechanica! en"ineerin"
o
Pharmaceutica!s
o
P!ant en"ineerin":construction
o
%etai!
o
%etai!in"
o
Service roviders
.
What data in materia! master is maintained at the c!ient !eve!?
6he "enera! data, i.e., the data a!ica'!e to the coman as a who!e, is stored at the c!ient !eve!.
). What are the data in materia! master that are maintained at the coman code !eve!?
6he data that is seci(c to a articu!ar coman and the !ant and stora"e areas assi"ned to that coman is maintained at the coman code !eve!. 1.
What are the !ant3seci(c data in materia!?
6he M%P data and forecast data are the !ant3seci(c data in the materia! master. 11.
What is the !ot siJe attri'ute of a materia!?
@ 6he !ot siJe attri'ute reresents the reorder 2uantit for a materia!. A materia! can have a eriodic, otimum, or static #(ed !ot siJe. 1+.
How is materia! information structured in materia! master records?
Materia! information is structured in materia! master records on the 'asis of diGerent criteria, such as the materia!Os master detai! #inc!udin" its name, siJe, dimension, and wei"ht, which shows its descritive nature, and the materia!Os detai! re!ated to contro! functions #such as materia! te, rice contro!, and industr sector. Materia! master records a!so store information a'out the data that can 'e automatica!! udated ' the sstem. For eam!e, the stoc0 !eve! can 'e automatica!! udated ' the sstem on the 'asis of the materia! data udate. 1;.
What is a 'atch?
A 'atch is a "rou of materia!s com'ined into one 2uantit for various reasons. er often, materia!s with the same characteristics and va!ues are "roued into a 'atch. For eam!e, in the chemica! industr, a seci(ed num'er of containers of a seci(c roduct ma 'e considered a 'atch if the were roduced at the same time and have the same hsica! and chemica! characteristics. 1=.
Wh is 'atch record imortant?
@ A 'atch reresents a 2uantit of a articu!ar materia! rocessed at the same time with the same arameters. 6hese materia!s, roduced as one 'atch, have the same characteristics and va!ues, which ma var from the materia!s of another 'atch roduced on the same da.
@ A 'atch record is imortant 'ecause 'atch records indicate that the 'atch conforms to the current -ood Manufacturin" Procedures #-MP. 6he 'atch record
a!so contains seci(c information a'out the roduct tested, ana!tica! methods, and test resu!ts. 1D.
How to create a 'atch?
ou can create a 'atch record manua!! ' usin" the transaction code MS91L. 6he navi"ation ath for creatin" a 'atch is7 SAP Menu R >o"istics R Materia!s Mana"ement R Materia! Master R 4atch R 9reate. 1.
What are the imortant (e!ds in a 'atch master record?
@
6he imortant (e!ds in a 'atch master record are as fo!!ows7
o
Production dateK %efers to the date when the 'atch was roduced.
o Se!f3!ife eiration dateK %efers to the date when the !ife of the 'atch wi!! eire. o Avai!a'!e fromK %efers to the date from which the 'atch wi!! 'e avai!a'!e to other deartments. o 4atch statusK A!!ows the 'atch to 'e c!assi(ed as havin" restricted or unrestricted use. o
Let insectionK %efers to the net 2ua!it insection date of the 'atch.
o
endor 'atchK %efers to the 'atch num'er assi"ned ' the vendor.
o
9!assK A!!ows the user to sort the 'atch for use in seci(c c!asses.
o
9haracteristics KHe!s in assi"nin" a c!ass to the 'atch.
o
%e!ease status KSeci(es the status of the 'atch.
o
>in0ed document KHe!s the user to !in0 the documents re!ated to the 'atch.
o /ocument te KA!!ows the user who is urchasin" the 'atch to secif a document. o
/ocument KHe!s the user to se!ect the re!evant document.
o /ocument art KA!!ows the user to enter the art of the document that is re!ated to the 'atch. o 1*.
ersion KSeci(es the document version of the 'atch. How can 'atch records 'e chan"ed?
@ ou can chan"e a 'atch record ' usin" the transaction code MS9+L. 6he navi"ation ath of chan"in" the 'atch record is7 SAP Menu R >o"istics R Materia!s Mana"ement R Materia! Master R 4atch R 9han"e. @ It is imortant to note that these chan"es to the 'atch record wi!! a!so 'e avai!a'!e for review.
1.
How to de!ete a 'atch?
ou can de!ete a 'atch ' usin" the MS9+L transaction code. ou can a!ternate! de!ete a 'atch record ' 5a""in" the 'atch master record. For this, ou need to (rst se!ect the 'atch in the 9han"e mode. 1).
What is 4atch Information 9oc0it?
6he 4atch Information 9oc0it #4I9 is the main switchin" oint, havin" a wide ran"e of otions for scrutin and contro! of 'atches. It stores at a sin"!e !ocation a!! the information re!ated to the ana!sis of a articu!ar 'atch. +.
What are the !eve!s at which a 'atch num'er can 'e con("ured?
A 'atch num'er can 'e con("ured at severa! diGerent !eve!s7 c!ient !eve!, !ant !eve!, and materia! !eve!. ou can se!ect a 'atch num'er at an of the fo!!owin" !eve!s7 @ 9!ient !eve!K When ou con("ure a 'atch at the c!ient !eve!, ou need to assi"n the 'atch num'er on! once throu"hout the who!e c!ient. Bn! one 'atch num'er eists for each materia! assi"ned at this !eve!. @ P!ant !eve! KIn SAP, the !ant !eve! is the defau!t !eve! for the 'atch num'er. At !ant !eve!, a 'atch num'er is uni2ue for a !ant and materia!. 6his means that ou can have a 'atch of the same num'er at a diGerent !ant within the same coman. @ Materia! !eve! KAt this !eve!, materia! num'ers are assi"ned to the roducts. 6he materia! num'er he!s to diGerentiate 'etween two roducts in case their 'atch num'ers are the same. 6he materia!s are identi(ed ' the com'ination of the materia! num'er and 'atch num'er. +1.
How are 'atch num'ers assi"ned?
6he 'atch num'er is rede(ned in SAP. ou can chan"e the 'atch num'ers either ' usin" the BMA/ transaction code or ' usin" the navi"ation ath IM- R >o"istics3-enera! R 4atch Mana"ement R 4atch Lum'er Assi"nment R Maintain Interna! 4atch Lum'er Assi"nment %an"e. Fo!!ow either of the two con("uration stes to chan"e the 'atch num'er7 @ ou can assi"n a 'atch num'er interna!! usin" the interna! num'er ran"e, either ' usin" the BM9 transaction code or ' fo!!owin" the navi"ation ath /is!a IM- R >o"istics3-enera! R 4atch Mana"ement R 4atch Lum'er Assi"nment R Activate Interna! 4atch Lum'er Assi"nment R Activate 4atch Lum'er Assi"nment. @ ou can a!so con("ure the sstem to a!!ow automatic num'erin" of a 'atch ' fo!!owin" the navi"ation ath /is!a IM- R >o"istics3-enera! R 4atch
Mana"ement R 4atch Lum'er Assi"nment R Activate Interna! 4atch Lum'er Assi"nment R Interna! 4atch Lum'er Assi"nment for Assi"ned -oods %eceit. ++.
What is a seria! num'er?
A seria! num'er is assi"ned to an item to identif it and to store information a'out it. A seria! num'er is most! used to refer to e2uiment such as motors, dri!!s, or vacuums. In MM, an item of materia! contains a seria! num'er as we!! as a materia! num'er. 6his com'ination he!s to uni2ue! identif an item of materia!. +;.
What is a c!ass te? How wi!! ou con("ure a c!ass te?
@ A c!ass te is the SAP sstemOs to3!eve! unit, which is used to contro! the SAP sstemOs c!asses. It erforms the fo!!owin" tas0s7 o
/e(nes the c!ass o'
o
9hec0s if c!ass o'
o
/e(nes the c!ass maintenance screen
@ ou can con("ure a c!ass te ' usin" the fo!!owin" menu ath7 SAP 9ustomiJin" Im!ementation -uide R 9ross A!ication 9omonent R 9!assi(cation Sstem R 9!asses R Maintain B'
A materia! does not have a master record. How can we rocure that?
6here ma 'e instances when a materia! does not have a master record. ou can erform diGerent functions in diGerent situations to rocure the master record. For eam!e7 @ ou can create a materia! master record if there is no materia! master record for a articu!ar materia!. @ ou can etend the materia! master record if the materia! master record eists for a articu!ar materia! 'ut the user deartment does not have the master data. @ ou can a!so etend the materia! master record if the materia! master record eists for a articu!ar materia! and the user deartment has the master data 'ut it has 'een entered in a diGerent or"aniJationa! !eve!. +D.
State the imortance of c!assi(cation data.
9!assi(cation data a!!ows ou to search for materia!s on the 'asis of the characteristic va!ues entered into the c!asses. 6his feature is ver usefu! when the customer wants to search for a articu!ar vendor and articu!ar 'atches.
+. What is an A49 indicator?
An A49 indicator is an indicator assi"ned ' the A49 ana!sis rocedure. An A49 indicator rovides detai!s of the consumtion va!ue of the materia! invo!ved in the A49 ana!sis. 6he A49 ana!sis is erformed ' mu!ti!in" the current rice of the materia!s ' their 2uantit. 6he diGerent consumtion va!ues are "iven as fo!!ows7 @
A materia!sKImortant arts, hi"h usa"e:consumtion va!ue
@
4 materia!sK>ess imortant arts, medium usa"e:consumtion va!ue
@
9 materia!sK%e!ative! unimortant arts, !ow usa"e:consumtion va!ue
+*.
What are the main master (!es used in MM?
6he fo!!owin" are the main master (!es used in MM7
@
Materia! master (!e
@
Inventor master (!e
@
endor master (!e
+. -ive some eam!e of master data in materia! mana"ement #MM.
Materia! master, materia! master "enera! data #MA%A, ta 9!assi(cation materia! #M>AL, info records, source !ist, and vendor master are eam!es of master data in MM. +). How is the vendor created?
ou can create a vendor ' usin" the transaction code 81 and erformin" the fo!!owin" stes7
@ Add the vendor name, coman code, urchasin" or"aniJation, account "rou, and vendor address. @ Add the countr, 'an0 0e, 'an0 account, and the name of the account ho!der. @
Save the data.
@
6his creates a vendor record in the sstem.
;.
What is vendor master data?
endor master data contains detai!s of each vendor that su!ies materia!s or services to an enterrise. 6he vendor master data is stored in individua! vendor master records consistin" of data, such as the vendorOs name, the vendorOs address, the currenc used for the transaction, ament terms, and the contact ersonOs name #on the sa!es staG. ;1. What are the diGerent sections in vendor master data? @
Fo!!owin" are the three sections in vendor master data7
o -enera! dataK Provides "enera! information a'out the vendor that can 'e entered into the sstem for creatin" vendor records. -enera! data can rovide the name, address, te!ehone, and fa of the vendor throu"h seci(ed search terms. Additiona! information can a!so 'e added to the vendor master record ' the accountin" and urchasin" deartments usin" the transaction code 81. o Accountin" data K%efers to (nancia! information entered at the coman code !eve!. 6he (nancia! information inc!udes ta information, 'an0 detai!s, reconci!iation account, ament terms, ament methods, and dunnin" information. ou can enter this (nancia! data usin" the transaction code F81. o Purchasin" data K%efers to data entered whi!e creatin" a vendor at the urchasin" or"aniJation !eve!. /iGerent urchasin" or"aniJations have diGerent urchasin" data. 6he urchasin" data inc!udes artner functions, urchasin" defau!t (e!ds, and invoice veri(cation indicators. ou can enter this data usin" the transaction code M81. ;+. What are the diGerent (e!ds in vendor master data? @
6he diGerent (e!ds in vendor master data are as fo!!ows7
o
6he name and address of the vendor
o
6he currenc in which the transaction wi!! 'e done
o
6he terms and conditions of ament
o
6he names of imortant contact ersons
o 6he accountin" information, such as the reconci!iation account in the "enera! !ed"er ;;. How do we create a vendor num'er ran"e? @ When ou create a num'er ran"e, it is imortant to remem'er that vendor num'ers, such as materia! num'ers, can 'e assi"ned eterna!! or interna!!. ou can create vendor num'er ran"es ' se!ectin" the fo!!owin" navi"ation ath7 IMR Financia! Accountin" R endor Accounts R Master /ata R Prearations for 9reatin" endor Master /ata R 9reate Lum'er %an"es for endor Accounts. @ For con("urin" the vendor num'er ran"e, ou shou!d enter a uni2ue num'er for the ran"e, which is a two character (e!d, and then secif the !imit for the num'er ran"e. 6he current num'er (e!d is used to de(ne the current num'er. 6he $t. (e!d Seci(es whether the num'er ran"e is de(ned eterna!! ' the user.
@
;=. What is dunnin" rocedure? How can it 'e con("ured?
@ Sometimes, ou ma need to send a ament reminder or a dunnin" notice to a erson or an or"aniJation to remind them of their outstandin" de'ts. 6he rocess ' which the sstem contro!s dunnin" is ca!!ed dunnin" rocedure. /unnin" rocedure can 'e con("ured ' usin" the F4MP transaction code or the fo!!owin" navi"ation ath7 IM- R Financia! Accountin" R Accounts %eceiva'!e and Accounts Paa'!e R 4usiness 6ransactions R /unnin" R /unnin" Procedure R /e(nin" /unnin" Procedures. ;D. How do we assi"n materia! to vendors? @ Se!ect the fo!!owin" navi"ation ath to !in0 vendors to materia!s7 SAP Menu R >o"istics R Materia! Mana"ement R Purchasin" R Master /ata R Info %ecord R 9reate. A!ternative!, the M$11 transaction code is used for this urose. ;. What is the transaction code to access the Materia!s Mana"ement 9on("uration menu? @ 6he B>MS transaction code is used to access the Materia!s Mana"ement con("uration menu. ;*. What are the various transaction codes to access the MM con("uration? @ 6he fo!!owin" are the various transaction codes to access the MM con("uration7 6ransaction 9ode
/escrition
B>M/ Accesses Materia! Mana"ement39onsumtion 4ased P!annin" #MM394P B>M4 Accesses Materia! Mana"ement3Inventor Mana"ement #MM3IM B>M$ Accesses Materia! Mana"ement3Purchase #MM3PC% B>M> Accesses Materia! Mana"ement3Warehouse Mana"ement B>MS Accesses the materia! master data B>MW$na'!es va!uation and account assi"nment
;. Write the names of some imortant MM ta'!es @
6he fo!!owin" ta'!e !ists the imortant MM ta'!e names7
6a'!e Lame Purose $ILA Csed for "enera! data of the #urchasin" information record MA%9 Csed in !ant data for materia!s $IL$ Csed for urchasin" or"aniJation MAS6 Csed for 'i!!s of materia! #4BM !in0 M8PF Csed for header materia! document MA86 Csed for materia! descrition
MA%/ Csed in stora"e !ocation data for materia! MA%A Csed for "enera! materia!s data M4$WCsed for materia! va!uation
;). What are urchasin" information records? @ Purchasin" information records, a!so 0nown as info records, contain information re!ated to the materia! and the vendor who is su!in" the materia!. 6he a!so contain detai!s a'out the materia!, such as the current rice. =. What are the cate"ories of urchasin" information records? @
6he cate"ories of urchasin" information records are as fo!!ows7
o StandardK9ontains information for the standard urchase order. In this te of urchasin" info record, ou can create info records for materia!s and services that do not have master records. o
Su'contractin" K9ontains orderin" information for su'contract orders.
o Pie!ineK 9ontains information on commodities that are sent throu"h a ie!ine, such as oi! or water. o 9onsi"nmentK 9ontains information on materia!s that are in the vendorOs ossession and are 0et ' the vendor at some other remises at his own cost. =1. What are the rere2uisites for creatin" a urchasin" info record? @
6he rere2uisites for creatin" a urchasin" info record are as fo!!ows7
o Materia! num'er K4efore creatin" a urchasin" info record, the materia! num'er of the materia! master record shou!d 'e 0nown. o Manufacturer art num'er #MPL materia! num'er K4efore orderin" a materia! that has an MPL, ou must 0now its MPL materia! num'er. o endor num'er Kou shou!d a!so 0now the num'er on the vendor master record. o Br"aniJationa! !eve! KIf the urchasin" info record is for a articu!ar urchasin" or"aniJation or !ant, then the code seci(c to that urchasin" or"aniJation or !ant is re2uired. =+. How can we create a urchasin" information record? @ ou can create a urchasin" information record either manua!! or automatica!! ' settin" the Info Cdate indicator when maintainin" a 2uotation, a urchase order, or an a"reement. =;. 9an a urchasin" info record 'e created without a materia! num'er? @ es, ou can create a urchasin" info record without a materia! num'er. If the materia! does not have a materia! num'er, ou wi!! need the fo!!owin" information to create the urchasin" info record7 o
Materia! short tet
o
Brder unit
o
Materia! "rou
o
Short term 0e
==. How can we create an information record 'ased on the materia! master? @ First, ou need to create the info record ' se!ectin" SAP Menu R Master /ata R Info %ecord R 9reate. $nter detai!s such as vendor num'er, materia! num'er, urchase or"aniJation, or !ant num'er. 6hen enter the num'er of the information record #in case of eterna! assi"nments. Let, enter the "enera! data for vendors, ordered 2uantit, ori"in of data, su!in" information, and customs tariG num'er. 6hen enter the !anned de!iver time, urchasin" "rous, and standard urchasin" 2uantit. 9hec0 the contro! data and ta0e the defau!t va!ue of to!erance data and the urchasin" "rou from the materia! master record. Fina!!, enter the net rice and then se!ect -o 6o R 6ets to dis!a the tet overview. If the PB tet is a!read de(ned, it aears in the materia! master record otherwise, it needs to 'e entered. After a!! these entries have 'een made, the record is saved. =D. What is the document mana"ement sstem #/MS in SAP? @ 6he /MS in SAP he!s ou store eterna! documents, such as ictures of the "oods or materia!. 4 usin" the /MS, ou can set the maimum siJe of the icture that can 'e u!oaded in a document. 6he /MS he!s to !in0 these eterna! documents with the aroriate SAP o'
=. Procurement and Purchasin" in sa mm
1.
What are the secia! stoc0s used in MM?
@ Secia! stoc0s are stoc0s that are mana"ed searate! re"ard!ess of whether the 'e!on" to our coman. 6he coman mana"es a materia! ' usin" a data record, which contains a!! the re2uired information. 6he diGerent tes of secia! stoc0s are as fo!!ows7 o
Sa!es order stoc0
o
%eturna'!e ac0a"in" with customer
o
9onsi"nment stoc0 at customer
o
endor consi"nment stoc0
o
%eturna'!e transort ac0a"in"
o
Su'contractin"
o
Pie!ine
+. What are the diGerences 'etween coman3owned secia! stoc0s and eterna!!3owned secia! stoc0s?
@ 6he diGerences 'etween coman3owned secia! stoc0s and eterna!!3owned secia! stoc0s are !isted in the fo!!owin" ta'!e7 9oman3Bwned Secia! Stoc0s $terna!!3Bwned Secia! Stoc0s Stoc0s that 'e!on" to the coman 'ut are stored with the who!esa!er or the customer are ca!!ed coman3owned secia! stoc0s.Stoc0s that 'e!on" to the who!esa!er or the customer 'ut are stored at the coman are ca!!ed eterna!!3 owned secia! stoc0s. 9oman3owned secia! stoc0s are mana"ed at the roduction !eve!. $terna!!3owned secia! stoc0s are mana"ed at the !ace where the are stored.
;.
Wh is ne"ative stoc0 needed in an or"aniJation?
Br"aniJations need ne"ative stoc0 when a materia! is shied to a customer and roduction is not con(rmed or there is not enou"h stoc0 to satisf the re2uirement. 6he sstem sti!! a!!ows the issuin" of the materia!, and inventor shows a ne"ative 2uantit of stoc0 unti! the roduction of the materia! is con(rmed. =.
What are secia! rocurement tes?
In a norma! urchasin" sstem, the customer urchases the "oods from the who!esa!er:retai!er and the ossession of the "oods transfers from the who!esa!er:retai!er to the customer. 6his mi"ht not 'e the case with secia! rocurement tes, where the transfer of "oods ma not necessari! 'e from the who!esa!er:retai!er to the customer direct!. For eam!e, ou mi"ht order a "ood for a friend of ours, who, in turn, urchases the "ood from the who!esa!er:retai!er and then transfers the "ood to ou. 6he friend is the third art invo!ved in this rocess. 6herefore, the ossession of the "ood indirect! transfers to the customer. 6his te of rocurement is ca!!ed the secia! rocurement te. 6he secia! rocurement te de(nes the eterna! rocurement or in3house roduction of the materia!. 6he fo!!owin" !ist shows the secia! rocurement tes avai!a'!e in the SAP sstem7 @
9onsi"nment
@
Su'contractin"
@
Stoc0 transfer usin" the stoc0 transort order #S6B
@
Production in another !ant
@
6hird3art rocessin"
@
%eturna'!e transort ac0a"in"
@
Pie!ine hand!in"
D. /e(ne consi"nment stoc0. What are the main features of consi"nment stoc0?
9onsi"nment, in a "enera! sense, is the act of ho!din" the ownershi of materia!s 'ut storin" the materia!s at some other remises unti! the materia!s are so!d or shifted somewhere e!se. 6he stored materia!s are 0nown as consi"nment stoc0 in the SAP sstem. 6herefore, stoc0 that is stored at the customerOs remises 'ut is the su!ierOs roert unti! the stoc0 is transferred to the customerOs stoc0 !ist is ca!!ed the consi"nment stoc0. 6he main features of the consi"nment stoc0 are as fo!!ows7
@ ou can com'ine the consi"nment stoc0 with our avai!a'!e stoc0 at an oint in time. @
ou can eva!uate the consi"nment stoc0 in an currenc.
@ 6he rice of the consi"nment stoc0 5uctuates. 6his means that ou can determine the rice of the consi"nment accordin" to the mar0et conditions. @
ou can rice the consi"nment stoc0 in an unit.
@ ou can use diGerent features of urchasin", such as discounts, in the consi"nment stoc0. @ 6he consi"nment stoc0 is eva!uated at a rice 2uoted ' diGerent vendors. . How is the ricin" of consi"nment stoc0s done? What information does consi"nment info record contain?
@ Prior to orderin" a materia! from a vendor or ostin" a "oods receit to the consi"nment stoc0, ou need to o'tain the consi"nment rice. If the consi"nment materia! is ordered from severa! vendors, the sstem maintains the consi"nment stoc0 of each vendor searate!. 6he reason the sstem maintains the consi"nment stoc0 searate! is that the rice of the consi"nment stoc0 ma var from one vendor to another. @ 6he consi"nment information #info record contains the consi"nment rice re2uired for the urose of materia! va!uation and accountin". *.
How are the consi"nment stoc0s created?
9onsi"nment stoc0s are created in the norma! urchase order #PB or re2uisition, 'ut the main thin" to consider is that ou must enter the 8 cate"or for the consi"nment item. As a resu!t, the "oods issued are osted to consi"nment stores and the invoice receit is not "enerated. .
/e(ne the consi"nment cc!e?
@ 9onsi"nment cc!e is simi!ar to the urchase cc!e, ecet that when ou create "oods receits of the consi"nment stoc0s, on! 2uantit #Q6 is udated and no accountin" documents are created. Bnce the "oods are uti!iJed, consi"nment is sett!ed. 6he va!ue of the consumed or issued consi"nment stoc0s is ta0en from the active urchase info record. ).
How is consi"nment materia! rocured?
9onsi"nment materia! is rocured throu"h urchase re2uisitions, PBs, and out!ine a"reements. 1.
How can we see the consi"nment stoc0s in SAP?
ou can see the consi"nment stoc0s in SAP ' usin" the fo!!owin" functions7 @
/is!a consi"nment info record
@
/is!a the stoc0 overview
@
/is!a consi"nment stoc0s
11.
How can we ta0e consi"nment stoc0s into our own stoc0?
ou can ta0e consi"nment stoc0s from the vendor into our own stoc0 ' erformin" the fo!!owin" stes7
@
Se!ect -oods Movement R 6ransfer Postin" to dis!a the initia! screen.
@ $nter the !ant name and the !ocation where ou want to store the materia!s. @ Se!ect Movement 6e R 6ransfer Postin" R 9onsi"nment R 9onsi"nment to Bwn. @
Se!ect 9ontinue to dis!a the co!!ective entr screen.
@ $nter the name of the vendor, the materia!s, and the 2uantit of materia!s. @ $nter the receivin" stora"e !ocation if ou want to store the materia!s in another stora"e !ocation. @ Post the document. 6his ma0es the vendor !ia'!e to chan"e the stora"e !ocation of the materia!s. 1+.
9an we do the hsica! inventor chec0 of consi"nment stoc0s?
es, ou can do the hsica! inventor chec0 of consi"nment stoc0s. 6o do the hsica! inventor chec0, erform the fo!!owin" oerations7
@
9reate a hsica! inventor document
@
$nter the hsica! inventor count
@
Post the inventor diGerences
1;.
How can ou do invoicin" in case of consi"nment stoc0s?
ou can invoice in the case of consi"nment stoc0s ' erformin" either of the fo!!owin"7
@
Invoice with PB
@
Invoice without PB
1=.
What do ou mean ' su'contractin"?
Su'contractin" can 'e de(ned as the rocessin" of materia!s ' an eterna! su!ier. 1D.
How is su'contractin" used in case of MM?
Su'contractin" is the rocess ' which the vendor receives the materia!s to roduce the end roduct. Su'contractin" invo!ves the fo!!owin" rocedures7
@ ou order the end roduct ' usin" the su'contract order. 6he comonents that the vendor needs to manufacture the end roduct are mentioned in the PB. @ /urin" the inventor mana"ement rocess, the comonents are osted to the stoc0 of materia! rovided to the vendor. >ater, the comonents are su!ied to the vendor. @ 6he vendor then rocesses the service and de!ivers the materia!s ordered. 6he consumtion of the comonents is osted. @ If, after ostin" the "oods receit, the vendor noti(es ou that the 2uantit of the comonents actua!! consumed is diGerent than !anned in the PB, ou must ma0e an ad
What information does the su'contractin" info records contain?
A su'contractin" info record consists of orderin" information re!ated to su'contract orders. For eam!e, if ou entered into a contract with an outside
source for the assem'! of a comonent, the su'contractin" info record wou!d contain the rice seci(ed ' the vendor for the assem'! wor0. 1*. How do we create su'contractin" PB?
@
Perform the fo!!owin" stes to create a su'contractin" PB7
o $nter the materia! to order and the cate"or of the item for su'contractin" #> in the order item. o
Press the $nter 0e to dis!a the screen for comonent rocessin".
o In the comonent rocessin" screen, enter the comonents re2uired ' the vendor to manufacture the ordered materia! #end roduct. When enterin" the comonents, ou need to ta0e care of the fo!!owin" oints7 o ou do not need to enter the date re2uired for the comonents. 6he sstem rooses this date when ou ress the $nter 0e. It is ca!cu!ated as fo!!ows7 T /e!iver date of the item #!anned de!iver time o If ou do not wish the 2uantit of the comonents to 'e a!tered, even if the order 2uantit of the end roduct is chan"ed, then set the indicated (e!d to (ed 2uantit. o If ou want to a!!ocate a articu!ar 'atch of the comonent to the vendor for the manufacture of the ordered materia!, enter the desired 'atch. o 6o determine whether or not the comonents are avai!a'!e on the date re2uired, se!ect 9omonent >ist R 9omonent Avai!a'i!it. o When ou enter a 'i!! of materia! as the materia! in the su'contract order, the comonents are automatica!! created. o ou can a!so determine the comonents in the 'i!! of materia! at a !ater date #for eam!e, if the 'i!! of materia! is su'se2uent! chan"ed ' se!ectin" Item R -o to R 9omonents R Lew 4BM $!osion. 6he eistin" entr of the comonents is removed and a"ain determined in the 'i!! of materia!. o @
1.
Save the PB. When ou rint the PB, the comonents are rinted er order item.
How can we view the stoc0s rovided to vendor?
6he stoc0s of materia! rovided to a vendor can 'e viewed ' usin" the S9 Stoc0 Monitorin" for endor reort. 6he reort can 'e accessed ' se!ectin" Purchase Brder R %eortin" R S9 Stoc0s er endor from the menu. With this reort, the current status of the stoc0s, !anned issues, and !anned receits can 'e viewed. 1).
How are comonents #materia!s rovided to vendor?
6he comonents, or rather the 2uantities of the comonents re2uired to manufacture the end roduct, are rovided in the stoc0 of materia! to 'e rovided to the vendor. 6he stoc0 of materia! rovided to the vendor is the tota! va!uated stoc0 that is avai!a'!e for M%P. 6he tota! va!uated stoc0 is mana"ed at the !ant !eve!, at the site of the vendor. 6his stoc0 can 'e either an unrestricted3 use or 2ua!it3insection stoc0. 6he unrestricted3use stoc0 refers to the va!uated stoc0 of a materia! that is owned ' the coman and does not have an restrictions on its usa"e. 6he 2ua!it3insection stoc0 is intended to 'e used on! for 2ua!it insection. 6he comonents can 'e rovided to a vendor in the fo!!owin" was7 @
Postin" the comonents from the unrestricted3use stoc0
@
%eceivin" the comonents from another vendor
+. How are comonents consumed in case of su'contractin"?
In su'contractin", the end roduct is ordered ' usin" a su'contract order. 6he materia!s or comonents re2uired ' the vendor to manufacture the end roduct are mentioned in the PB. 6he comonents are osted to the stoc0 of the materia! rovided to the vendor durin" inventor mana"ement. When the comonents are su!ied to the vendor, the vendor manufactures the end roduct and de!ivers it. At this oint, the "oods receit is osted with a reference to the su'contract order. 6he "oods receit a!so contains the ostin" of the consumtion of the comonents from the stoc0 of materia! rovided to the vendor. If the comonents consumed ' the vendor are more or !ess than that seci(ed in the PB, an ad
D. Inventor Mana"ement in SAP MM
1.
-ive an overview of Inventor mana"ement in SAP sstem?
Inventor mana"ement in the SAP sstem he!s record and trac0 stoc0s of materia!s. It a!so invo!ves the !annin" and documentation of a!! "oods movements.. +.
What tas0s are covered under Inventor Mana"ement?
Inventor mana"ement is an imortant art of materia!s mana"ement #MM. Btima! inventor mana"ement not on! ensures an uninterruted su! of the materia! at the re2uired time, 'ut a!so revents wastin" items. MM covers the fo!!owin" tas0s7
@
Materia! stoc0 mana"ement
@ P!annin", entr, and documentation of "oods transfers from and to the inventor @ ;.
Phsica! stoc0in" of items What is Phsica! Inventor?
@ Phsica! inventor is a rocess in which a!! the transactions re!ated to the movement of "oods are stoed and the coman hsica!! counts inventor. It is re2uired in (nancia! accountin" ru!es or for !acin" an accurate va!ue on the inventor for ta uroses. =.
What are the initia! con("uration stes for hsica! inventor?
6he stes for urchase ac2uisition are as fo!!ows7 @
/e(nin" the defau!t va!ues for the hsica! inventor document
@
%eortin" 'atch inuts
@
%ecordin" to!erances for hsica! inventor diGerences
@
Inventor sam!in" as we!! as con("uration of cc!e countin"
D. What is the diGerence 'etween mana"in" stoc0 ' 2uantit and mana"in" stoc0 ' va!ue?
@ 6ransactions that ma0e chan"es in the stoc0 resu!t in stoc0 udates that are recorded in rea! time. At an oint in time one can view the stoc0 overview, which reresents the current situation at that time. 6hat is the essence of stoc0 mana"ement ' 2uantit, and can a!ied to the fo!!owin" stoc0 tes7 o
>ocated in the warehouse
o
Brdered 'ut not et received
o
>ocated in the warehouse and reserved for a articu!ar urose
o
%eserved for 2ua!it insection
@ 6he mana"in" stoc0 ' va!ue otion reviews the stoc0 materia!s 2ua!itative! rather than 2uantitative!. 6he va!uatioLof stoc0 is done either at the !ant !eve! or at the !ocation !eve!. Cdates that can 'e done when mana"in" stoc0 ' va!ue are as fo!!ows7
o
6he 2uantit and va!ue for the "oods movement
o
6he accounts that are assi"ned for cost accountin"
o 6he -:> accounts for (nancia! accounts, with automatic assi"nment of accounts @ 6he va!uation area is the or"aniJationa! !eve! at which the stoc0 va!ue is maintained. It can 'e either at !ant !eve! or stora"e !eve!.
.
What are the secia! stoc0s in SAP?
Secia! stoc0s are de(ned as stoc0s that must 'e mana"ed searate! ' a coman. 6he can 'e either coman owned or eterna! stoc0s. 6he can 'e cate"oriJed as fo!!ows7
@
9onsi"nment
@
Su'contractin"
@
Stoc0 transfer usin" stoc0 transort order
@
6hird3art rocessin"
@
%eturna'!e transort ac0a"in"
@
Pie!ine hand!in"
@
Sa!es3order stoc0
@
Pro
*.
With which modu!es in SAP is the inventor mana"ement inte"rated?
Inventor mana"ement is an imortant art of the SAP MM modu!e. 6he 'usiness activities of an or"aniJation revo!ve around the inventor of materia!s, which serves as the inut for the manufacturin" rocess or the inventor of reared "oods for de!iver or sa!e. 6he materia! is urchased from the aroriate vendors on the 'asis of re2uests from the materia!s re2uirement !annin" #M%P modu!e. 6he de!ivered items are recorded as the "oods receit in inventor mana"ement. 6he materia!s are then stored, either for de!iver to the customer or for manufacturin" rocesses. Inventor mana"ement is inte"rated with other modu!es, such as (nancia! accountin" #FI, sa!es and distri'ution #S/, roduction !annin" #PP, ro
How is the inventor mana"ement inte"rated with MM?
@ Inventor mana"ement is direct! !in0ed with the MM modu!e 'ecause an movement of "oods to and from inventor haens under the MM modu!e. M%P, urchasin", and invoice veri(cation are some of the MM comonents that are a!so !in0ed with inventor mana"ement. After materia! is ordered it is osted as a "oods receit with reference to the urchase order. 6he actua! data of the 2uantities are chec0ed in the vendorOs invoice. ).
What are the initia! con("uration stes for inventor mana"ement?
6he stes for inventor mana"ement are as fo!!ows7 @
/e(nin" !ant arameters
@
/e(nin" sstem messa"e attri'utes
@
/e(nin" num'er assi"nment
@
/e(nin" "oods issue, transfer ostin", screen !aout
@
Maintainin" co ru!es for reference documents
@
Settin" u dnamic avai!a'i!it chec0s
@
9on(rmin" the ne"ative items
1. What is -oods movement? What te of documents is created after "oods movement? -oods movement refers to the movement of stoc0. 6his movement of stoc0 cou!d 'e either in'ound from the vendor, out'ound to a customer, 'etween diGerent !ants, or even 'etween diGerent stoc0s within a !ant. After "oods movement, the SAP sstem creates two tes of documents7 materia! documents and accountin" documents. 11.
What are the "oods movements that ta0e !ace in MM?
6he "oods movements can 'e de(ned as the hsica! or !o"ica! movements of materia!s that !ead to a chan"e in stoc0 !eve!s or resu!ts in materia! consumtion. 6he "oods movements are art of the MM o!ic. 6he "oods movements in SAP are as fo!!ows7 o -oods receitK %eresents the hsica! movement of "oods or materia!s into the coman. It increases the stoc0 2uantit. 6he "oods receit can 'e of the fo!!owin" tes7 T -oods receit with reference to a urchase order T -oods receit with reference to a Production order T -oods receit without reference o -oods issueK %eresents the hsica! movement of "oods or materia! ou6of the coman. It reduces the stoc0 2uantit. 6he "oods issue can 'e of the fo!!owin" tes7 T -oods consumtion in the coman T -oods de!iver to customers o Stoc0 transferK %eresents the movement of materia!s from one !ocation to another !ocation. 6he !ocations can 'e either within the same !ant or diGerent !ants. o 6ransfer ostin"K %eresents the stoc0 transfer that can either 'e hsica! or !o"ica!. In !o"ica! stoc0 transfers, "oods are transferred on! in records, whi!e the actua! stoc0 transfer does no6occur. Some eam!es of hsica! stoc0 transfer are7 T Stoc0 transfer 'etween two stora"e !ocations in a !ant T Stoc0 transfer 'etween two !ants T 6ransfer of materia!s to customer consi"nment stoc0
@
Some eam!es of !o"ica! stoc0 transfer are7
o
%e!ease of materia!s from stoc0 in 2ua!it insection
o
6ransfer of materia!s from vendor consi"nment stoc0 to own stoc0
o
4atch s!ittin"
o 6ransfer ostin" materia!3to3materia!
1+.
What is -oods %eceit & -oods Issue?
@ -oods receit is the rocess that ena'!es the receit of materia! from a vendor or from the in3house roduction rocess. 6here are other tes of "oods receits in SAP that inc!ude initia! stoc0 creation. 6he "oods receit rocess a!so increases stoc0 due to one of the fo!!owin" rocesses7 o
%eceit of roduction order
o
%eceit of urchase order
o
Initia! inventor entr
o
Bthers
@ -oods issue is a rocess in which the stoc0 in the warehouse is reduced due to an of the fo!!owin" reasons7
o
Shiment to a customer
o
Stoc0 withdrawa! for a roduction order
o
%eturn of materia!s
o
Materia! re2uired for sam!in"
o Scrain" of materia!s
1;.
Wh is "oods receit imortant to a coman?
-oods receit indicates a receit or inward movement of stoc0 of materia!s or "oods. When an eterna! vendor rovides stoc0 to the coman, the "oods receit is "enerated as a urchase order, and when the materia! is roduced in3 house, the "oods receit is "enerated as a roduction order. A "oods receit is imortant to a coman 'ecause usin" a "oods receit moves materia! into stoc0, udates the stoc0 !eve!s, and there' indirect! ena'!es the roduction rocess. 1=. @
How is a "oods receit erformed? 6he stes to erform a "oods receit are as fo!!ows7
o
$nter the header data.
o
Se!ect the movement te and the urchase order num'er.
@ 1D.
6he document is osted in the data'ase. How do ou ost the "oods if the PB num'er is not 0nown?
If the urchase order num'er is not 0nown, ou must enter search criteria for the urchase order in the initia! screen. As a resu!t, the !ist of urchase orders is dis!aed. 6he desired urchase order items can then 'e coied. 1.
How is the vendor returned rocessed without a urchase order reference?
@ ou (rst need to o'serve the %eturn co!umn and then se!ect Item /etai! R MI-BU-% R -oods %eceit for Purchase Brder. If the intention is to deduct the stoc0, then movement te 11 is used otherwise, 1+ is used to undo the chan"es. >ast!, ou must ensure that the document is a return urchase order. 6he document is then saved.
@ 1*.
A!ternative!, ou can use the M+1L transaction code for this urose. What haens when a "oods receit is osted?
Whi!e ostin" a "oods receit, the fo!!owin" events occur7 @
6he materia! document is created.
@
6he accountin" document is created.
@
6hree rinted versions of "oods receit notes are modi(ed.
@
6he stoc0 !eve! chan"es.
1.
What is the resu!t of "oods movement?
6he fo!!owin" events are initiated when "oods movements ta0e !ace7 @ First, a materia!s document is "enerated, which is roof of the "oods movements. @ Accountin" documents are "enerated if the movement of "oods re2uires a chan"e in the (nancia! accounts. @
6he stoc0s of the materia!s 2uantities are udated.
@
6he stoc0 va!ues in the materia! master are udated.
@
Financia! and materia! documents are udated.
SAP MM Interview Questions and Answers Questions 1. What is the diGerence 'etween the stoc0 transfer 'etween two !ants 'e!on"in" to same coman code and those 'e!on"in" to diGerent coman code? +.
What are the imortant (e!ds in urchasin" view?
;.
What are the stes in automatic account assi"nment con("uration?
=. How do ou create movement tes? What are the stes invo!ved? When wi!! ou recommend a new movement te? D.
What is meant ' access se2uence? When it is used?
.
How does the PB ic0 u the ricin" schema?
*.
What are the stes invo!ved in creatin" a ricin" rocedure?
.
What are the tes of secia! stoc0s avai!a'!e?
).
What are the tes of info records?
1.
What is meant ' consi"nment stoc0?
11.
What are the stes invo!ved in consi"nment cc!e?
1+.
6e!! me a'out the su'contractin" cc!e.
1;.
How is scra accounted in su'contractin"?
1=.
How are the 'roducts ta0en care of in su'contractin"?
1D.
6e!! me a'out the various movement tes and usa"e.
1.
What is meant ' sca!es? 9an sca!es 'e used in standard urchase order?
1*.
What is the diGerence 'etween a contract and a schedu!in" a"reement?
1.
How does the sstem ca!cu!ate taes?
1).
How does the sstem ca!cu!ate nondeducti'!e taes?
+.
What is meant ' 'atches? How can the 'atches 'e searched?
+1.
How is a she!f3!ife item mana"ed in SAP? What is the fu!! cc!e?
++.
What are the settin"s re2uired for 2uota arran"ement?
+;.
What is meant ' M%P 6e and !ot siJin"?
+=. 9an it 'e con("ured in such a wa that the eterna! re2uisitions can a!so 'e ta0en into account whi!e M%P runs in consumtion3'ased !annin" if 4 is se!ected as M%P te? +D.
What is a reference urchase or"aniJation? When can it 'e used?
+. $!ain the concet of s!it va!uation and when can it 'e used? What are the settin"s re2uired? +*.
What are va!uation area, va!uation cate"or and va!uation c!ass?
+.
What is meant ' a credit memo?
+).
How are free items mana"ed in a PB?
;.
What is meant ' a re!ease strate"?
;1.
What are re!ease "rous and re!ease codes?
;+. What are the diGerences 'etween re!ease rocedure with c!assi(cation and re!ease rocedure without c!assi(cation? When are the used?
;;.
Is it ossi'!e to have a re!ease rocedure without c!assi(cation for a PB?
;=.
Is it ossi'!e to have sca!es in a 2uotation?
;D.
What is -% '!oc0ed stoc0? When it can 'e used?
;.
What is the movement te for return to vendor? How to reverse it?
;*.
How are the variations in su'contractin" ta0en care of in SAP?
;.
What are the too!s avai!a'!e for data mi"ration in SAP?
;).
What is the diGerence 'etween >SMW and 9A66?
=.
How to "ive seci(cations for deve!oments?
=1.
How do ou !an for a vendor ratin" sstem and move a'out?
=+.
What is %6P?
=;.
What is the movement te used in receit of %6P?
==.
How is an item with seria! no. mana"ed?
=D.
How do ou ma0e variants?
=.
What are the tes of ta'!es in SAP?
=*.
How to inventor ecise dut in SAP?
=. What are the documents "enerated in the MI-B 11 movement te? What are the accounts hit? =).
What is the diGerence 'etween !ot and 'atch?
D. What are the 'usiness 'ene(ts achieved ' maintainin" Source !ist and info record ? D1.
How source determination wor0s ?
Answers 1. A stoc0 transfer from !ant to !ant "enera!! ta0es !ace within a coman code. It can, however, a!so ta0e !ace 'etween two coman codes, if the !ants are assi"ned to diGerent va!uation areas, which 'e!on" to diGerent coman codes. Cn!i0e a stoc0 transfer from stora"e !ocation to stora"e !ocation, a stoc0 transfer from !ant to !ant aGects 'oth accountin" and Materia!s P!annin", as fo!!ows7 o Accountin"7Accountin" is aGected if 'oth !ants are assi"ned to diGerent va!uation areas. 6his means that a stoc0 transfer !eads not on! to a 2uantit udate 'ut a!so to a va!ue udate #stoc0 va!ue, -:> accounts. 6hus, ara!!e! to the materia! document for stoc0 transfer, an accountin" document is created. o Materia!s P!annin"7Materia!s !annin" are aGected 'ecause a chan"e of !ant stoc0 is ta0en into account ' Materia!s P!annin" +. o
%FQ:Quotation
o
Purchase re2uisition
o
Purchase order
o
Master data #Info record, Source !ist, 9onditions, endors etc.
o
But!ine a"reements
;. Materia! te is assi"ned to A:c 9at %ef. A:c 9at. %ef is assi"ned to a!. 9!ass a!. c!ass assi"ned to -:> A:c. 9on("uration7 BMWM 7 Activate a!. "rouin" 9ode BMS8 7 9reate A:c cat. ref and a!. 9!ass then A:c cat ref assi"ned to materia! te. BMW/ 7 a!. area #!ant assi"ned to a!. "r. code #1 B49 7 Assi"n a!. modi(er #1, Lew a!. 9!ass and -:> A:c Low create new materia! and assi"n new va!. c!ass in Accountin" 1 data screen. 6hen create PB, -%. =.
6ransaction code is BMVV
ou can co new movement te which is near3' o!d one. When we "o to new movement te, if there is no ossi'i!it to done transaction with o!d movement te. Stes7 1 entr contro! data + short tet ; a!!owed transactions =he! tet Du date contro! data account "rouin" *reasons for movement D. 9ondition te has an access se2uence assi"ned to it which determines which ta'!es to access for data and in what se2uence. 6his has a se2uence of ta'!e 'ased on the most seci(c to most "eneric. It can 'e used for an new condition te creation. . 6he ricin" rocedure assi"ned to a vendor has a ca!cu!ation schema attached to it. 6his schema de(nes the various conditions re3re2uisite, ca!cu!ation & se2uence in the PB. -enera!!, on! one te of ricin" rocedure is fo!!owed for a!! the vendors. *.
6o create a ricin" rocedure, the stes wi!! 'e
o
9reate 9ondition ta'!es
o 9reate access se2uence ' !acin" the diGerent condition ta'!es from most seci(c to the most "enera!. o
9reate the condition tes
o
Assi"n the Access se2uence to the condition te
o
9reate the ricin" rocedure
o P!ace the a!! condition tes in a se2uentia! order as er the 'usiness re2uirement and ricin" needs.
. o
9onsi"nment stoc0 3 vendor
o
9omonents rovided to vendor
o
Pro
o
9onsi"nment stoc0 customer
o
Pie!ine materia!
o
Brders on hand
). o
Standard
o
Pie!ine
o
9onsi"nment
o
Su'contractin"
1. 1. 9onsi 9o nsi"nm "nmen entt stoc0 stoc0 is is the the mater materia! ia! whic which h is !in" !in" in in the remi remises ses 'ut is is not not owned ' the coman. It has no va!ue assi"ned to it unti! it is ta0en into own stoc0. Bnce it is used in roduction or to 'e so!d, it is ta0en into own stoc0. 11. 11. 9onsi 9o nsi"nm "nmen entt cc!e cc!e is simi! simi!ar ar to a stan standa dard rd urc urchas hase e cc!e. cc!e. 6he 6he diGer diGerenc ence e it that no accountin" document is created at the time of "oods receits on! 2t is udated.It is sett!ed once the same is uti!iJed. 1+. 1+. When When the mat materi eria! a! is sent sent for for su'c su'cont ontrac ractin tin" " i.e. i.e. some some va!u va!ue e additio addition, n, it is converted into a diGerent materia!. It needs a 4BM to de(ne the comonents of the (nished item 'ein" received. received. 1;. 1;. When When the mat materi eria! a! is sent sent for for su'c su'cont ontrac ractin tin" " i.e. i.e. some some va!u va!ue e additio addition, n, it is converted into a diGerent materia!. It needs a 4BM to de(ne the comonents of the (nished item 'ein" received.6he scra or the rocess !oss can 'e ad
rodu roducts cts can 'e ta0e ta0en n care care of ' de(n de(nin" in" them them in the 4BM. 4BM.
1D. o
11 -% in unrest. Cse
o
1; -% in 4!oc0ed stoc0
o
1D %e!e e!ease fro from 4!oc0 !oc0 to Cnre nrest. Cse stoc0 toc0..
o
1++ %etur eturn n to vendo ndor fr from unre nrest. Cse stoc0 toc0..
o
1+= %eturn to to ve vendor fr from '!o '!oc c0ed st stoc0
o
;1 P!ant to P!ant transfer.
o
;) Materia! to Materia! transfer
o
;11 6ransfer fr from st st" !o !oc to to st" !o !oc
o
+1 Issue for consumtion
o
=11 6a0in 0in" co consi" nsi"nm nme ent stoc0 toc0 into into own stoc0 toc0
o
DD1 Withdrawa! for scrain"
1. 1. 4 usin" usin" sca sca!es !es we we can can ( the the rice rice of a mater materia! ia! acco accord rdin" in"!, !, for for ea eam! m!e, e, we can ( the materia! rice. 4ased on the 2uantit !i0e For 2uantit 1 to 1 rice is %s1 For 2uantit 11 to + rice is ) >i0e that, ou can ( rice. 1*. 1*. A sched schedu!i u!in" n" a"re a"reem ement ent can can 'e 'e made made for for 9onsi 9onsi"nm "nment ent,, Su'con Su'contra tracti ctin" n" & stoc0 transfer. A contract, a!so 0nown as a '!an0et PB, can 'e made for standard items and can 'e restricted to a a!ue or Qt. 1. 1. 4ased 4ased on the the ca!c ca!cu!a u!atio tion n schem schema a of that that condit condition ion & 'ased 'ased on acce access ss se2uence assi"ned to it. 1). 1).
9ondi 9o nditio tion n te te in the the standa standard rd sst sstem em77 Lon3de Lon3deduc ducti' ti'!e !e inut inut ta ta LA LAS
/eendin" on the ta code in the PB item and the ta ca!cu!ation schema, the sstem ca!cu!ates the non3deducti'!e ta ortion ortion and inserts it in the condition te with the cate"or L. 6he condition te has the ca!cu!ation ru!e ru!e a'so!ute amount. Lorma!!, the access se2uence that re"u!ates ta code determination is assi"ned to the condition te. +. +. 4atch 4atch is a su'div su'divisi ision on of of our our stoc stoc0 0 of of a mate materia ria!! havin havin" " the the same same characteristics e7 medicines,food roducts We can search 'atches usin" the standard search faci!it #match code, 0e F= 'ased on the namin" convention of the 'atches or, if ou use 'atch c!assi(cation, 'ased on the characteristics of the 'atches. +1. +1.
6her 6here e ar are act actua ua!! !! two two t tes es of she! she!ff !if !ife e
1.
6ota! she!f !ife
+.
Minimum remainin" she!f !ife
6ota! 6ota! She!f !ife !ife 3 If tota! tota! she!f !ife is maintained then the minimum she!f she!f !ife wi!! a!so to 'e entered mandator. Whi!e ta0in" -% for such item, it actua!! as0s the user to enter the manufactured date so that the sstem automatica!! ca!cu!ates the eir date. Minimum she!f !ife 3 Whi!e ta0in" the -%, it as0s the user to enter the date of -% -% date so that it chec0s whether the das entered in materia! master has 'een satis(ed. If the condition is not satis(ed then it wi!! not a!!ow to ta0e receit for that item.
++. 6o set set u a 2uota 2uota arran" arran"emen ementt for for the the rocur rocuremen ementt of a mater materia!, ia!, roceed roceed as fo!!ows7 Master data 3R Quota arran"ement 3R Maintain, enter the materia! and !ant num'er, Press $L6$% It dis!a the overview screen for the 2uota arran"ement eriods, $nter a va!idit eriod for 2uota arran"ement, $nter date unti! which the 2uota arran"ement is va!id. 6he start date is ca!cu!ated ' the sstem. Press $L6$% Se!ect the 2uota arran"ement and choose, -oto 3R Item overview to dis!a the item overview screen of the 2uota arran"ement. $nter a 2uota arran"ement item for each source of su! ou want to inc!ude in the 2uota arran"ement. ou ou must enter enter the fo!!owin" fo!!owin" data. o
Procurement te
o Sec Secia ia!! r rocur ocurem emen entt t te, e, $nte $nterr 0 in in the the S co! co!um umn, n, for for eam eam!e !e,, if if a consi"nment arran"ement for the materia! eists with the vendor. o
endor num'er
o
Procurement !ant,#su!in" in" !an !ant
o
Quo Quota co!um !umn, ente nter the the 2uota uota assi" ssi"ne ned d to to eac each h it item
Press $L6$% 6he ercenta"e ercenta"e distri'ution distri'ution of the 2uotas is ca!cu!ated ca!cu!ated and dis!aed dis!aed automatica!! ' the sstem. Save the 2uota arran"ement. 6he sstem assi"ns a num'er to the 2uota arran"ement item automatica!!. +;. +;.
It is roce rocedur dure e that that ou ou set set in the sstem sstem on how how the the Mate Materia ria!! is !an !anne ned d
o
%eorder Point
o
Seasona! re2uirement
o
%e!enishment
o
endor Mana"ed
o
Forecast 4ased
o
Master roduction Schedu!in"
>ot siJe7 ou ou can de(ne our re2uiremen re2uirements ts #to 'e roduced roduced or Procur Procured ed in terms terms of Wee0!, Month!, Qt 'ased, Maimum %e!enishment. +=. +=. es ou ou can do do it 'ased 'ased on on the M%P M%P+ + ta' ta' for mate materia ria!! master master ou ou need need to "ive ou M%P te as 4 and in Mr+ set automatic reorder oint ta'. Low run M/+ and M/=.
+D. It is reference for a!! the other eistin" Purchase Br"niJations.It is not assi"ned to either to !ant or com code. 6he contracts, terms and conditions can 'e uti!iJed ' other Purchase Br"aniJations. +. When the same materia! to 'e va!uated diGerent! then we can "o for s!it va!uation. Bften we use s!it va!uation in chemica! industries re!ated to chemica!s. For eam!e, co!or, h, 2ua!it. We need to de(ne va!uation cate"ories and va!uation tes. . For va!uation cate"or7 ori"in, va!uation tes are !oca! rocurement and forei"n rocurement 1. For va!uation cate"or7 rocurement tes, va!uation tes are in3house rocurement and eterna! rocurement. +. For va!uation cate"or7 2ua!it, va!uation tes are oor 2ua!it, medium 2ua!it, hi"h 2ua!it. !i0e this we can de(ne va!uation cate"ories and va!uation tes. 9CS6BMIA6IBL S$66IL-S MM3R A>CA6IBL AL/ A99BCL6 ASSI-LM$L6 3R SP>I6 A>CA6IBL. ;.
/e(ne va!uation cate"ories and va!uation tes.
=.
Assi"n va!uation tes to va!uation cate"or.
D.
Assi"n !ants in which va!uation is eGectin".
Bnce customiJation settin"s are done. .
9reate materia! master and (!! account cat reference in accountin" view.
*. A"ain for same materia! te "ive va!uation tes which u ta0en and "ive the movin" av" rice. L$6 S6$P .
9reate M$+1L Purchase order
).
MI-B
Bnce ta0en to MI-B chec0 MM4$ 3Stoc0 overview and M4+3 Accountin" views. +*. a!uation area is "enera!! coman or !anta!uation cate"or 3s!it va!uation is a!ica'!e or not. a!uation c!ass3 whether the materia!s fa!! in to which cate"or for sim!i(cation such as raw materia!s, semi (nished "oods !i0e that. +.
9redit memo is as simi!ar as mone 'ac0 to our account.
For $. If ou did ecess aments #the diGerence 'etween PB rice and Account 6ransfer rice to the vendor than the actua! ament or under some circumstances vendor is returnin" some amount to our account, for this ou need to maintain one account te, that account te is ca!!ed credit memo. 6his
ma 'e
Possi'!e in case of time deendent conditions.
;D. When we have some issues in the received stoc0 and we do not want the 2uantit to 'e considered in the inventor then we can maintain the stoc0 as -% 4!oc0ed stoc0. It is on! recorded in the urchase order histor. 6his stoc0 is LB6 va!uated. ou can dis!a "oods receit '!oc0ed stoc0 from two viewoints7 .
-oods receit '!oc0ed stoc0 for a materia! #at !ant !eve!
1.
-oods receit '!oc0ed stoc0 for a urchase order item
;. Movement 6e 11 is used for return to vendor. Vust se!ect return 'utton in the PB. ;*.
Su'se2uent ad
;. >SMW 3 >e"ac Sstem Mi"ration Wor0'ench #Csed to u!oad the data from Lon SAP to SAP Sstem 9A66 3 9omuter Aided 6est 6oo! #Csed to 9reate test cases as we!! as u!oad data
;). >SMW is uesd to mi"ration of data from non3sa sstem to the sa sstem or sa sstem to sa sstem, here the data is mi"rated from the one sstem to another sstem. so this is a mi"ration too! Whereas 9A66 is a comuter aided testin" too!, used to test the a'a o'
6he movement te used in the receit of %6P is #D1 M
==. Seria! Lum'er7If ou want to distin"uish each Item #"enera!! unit of measure wi!! 'e $A, P9.. etc in the inventor, then seria! num'er wi!! 'e used.Searate seria! num'er ro(!e need to 'e created and !aced at wor0 schedu!in" view or !ant data stora"e view of materia! master. Advanta"e7we can trac0 the movements of each seria! num'er of materia!. 9on("uration settin"s ou have to con("ure the seria! num'er ro(!e & assi"n it to Materia! master. In the con("uration ro(!e of seria! num'er, ou have to chec0 the chec0 'o for seria! num'er re2uired for rocessin" & set the -oods movement transaction where ou want to automatica!! create the seria! num'er or create the seria! num'er for the materia! usin" 6code IQ1. /urin" Seria! Lum'er ro(!e in Seria!iJin" Procedure ou have to maintain the fo!!owin" settin"s7 MMS> 3 Maintain "oods receit and issue doc. ; + S/>S 3 Maintain de!iver ; + S/%$ 3 Maintain returns de!iver ; + In Seria!iJation ro(!e, there is a chec0'o for #$istin" re2uired unchec0 that chec0 'o & then test our transaction. ou wi!! "et a 'utton 9reate new in seria! num'er in se!ection screen durin" "oods receits...9reate new seria! num'er for materia! there & then ma0e "oods receit. Assi"n Seria! Lum'er to eistin" stoc0s IQ+ 3 $dit 3 Secia! Seria! Lum'er Functions
.
9han"e to 3 From Stoc0
1.
Stoc0 6e 3 O1O
+.
P!ant 3 OO
;.
Stora"e >ocation OO
=.
Save
$dit 3 Secia! Seria! Lum'er Functions D.
9han"e 'ac0 3 6o Stoc0
=D.
-o to an reorts
Se!ect save variant #9tr!XF1 9reate the !aout as ou want then save the variant in our name. =.
6here are on! ; tes of ta'!e in SAP.
.
6ransarent 6a'!e
1.
9!uster 6a'!e
+.
Poo! 6a'!e
=*. At the time of -oods %eceit #69ode MI-B cature $cise dut in $cise ta'. 6his is art 1 cature. 69ode V1I$, Part +, Post $cise dut =. 6he /ocuments that are "enerated are7 Materia! /ocument & Accountin" /ocument. Accounts that are hit are7 o %awMAteria!:Stoc0 :Berations Acct #/eends on the 6e of 4usiness 3 /e'it o
-%:I% 9!earin" Acct 39redit
=). Insection >ot7In the Qua!it Mana"ement #QM comonent, ou rocess 2ua!it insections on the 'asis of insection !ots . If ou want to insect a seci(c 2uantit of a materia! or a iece of e2uiment, an insection !ot must 'e created in the sstem. 6he documentation descri'es how insection !ots are created automatica!! or manua!! and how ou use the insection !ots to rocess diGerent tes of insections. Bnce an insection !ot has 'een created, ou can insect the "oods, record the insection resu!ts or defects, and com!ete the insection with a usa"e decision. 4atch79ertain materia!sO features cannot a!was 'e "uaranteed to 'e eact! a!i0e in roduction. For eam!e, ou cannot "uarantee that a certain co!or wi!! a!was have the same shade. Minor diGerences 'etween roduction !ots cannot 'e avoided. ou need to 'e a'!e to uni2ue! identif the individua! roduction !ots of the same materia! and mana"e them searate! in inventor. Materia!s that re2uire such recise identi(cation, for eam!e harmaceutica! roducts, are identi(ed and mana"ed in stoc0 not on! accordin" to materia! num'er, 'ut a!so accordin" to 'atch num'er.
With 'atch hand!in", ou can mana"e not on! roduction !ots from in3house roduction, 'ut a!so roduction !ots from vendors as searate entities. D. Source!ist7It is a com'ination of one materia! with more than one vendor or !ants#in interna!and source!ist is the hi"her riorit than inforecord.ou can stratif the vendor for a materia! with source!ist. $"7ou have = info records for a same materia! with diGerent vendors. If ou are not maintained source!ist, chec0 whi!e creatin" P%.It wi!! dis!a a!! vendors. If ou have source!ist there ou have se!ected a vendor as (ed. ou wi!! on! "et one vendor,!ease chec0. Info record7Is a com'ination of one materia! with one vendor D1. Source determination7 if ou activate this indicator, ou "ive vendor durin" P% creation .otherwise ou can "ive the vendor at the time of PB. ou can save the P% without vendor. source determination is used to identif the source of su!. D+. Fantastic oortunit for SAP MM students, as we!! as for
SAP MM Interview Questions on fo!!owin" toics7
-enera!:Br"aniJationa! $!ements:Master /ata Purchasin" : BtimiJation : 9ustomJin" Inventor Mana"ement #inc!. Secia! Procurement : Phsica! Inventor 9ustomiJin" inc!. Messa"e /etermination Materia!s P!annin" Account /etermination:a!uation Invoice eri(cation #inc!. 9ustomiJin"
4est Interview Questions on SAP MM #Materia! Mana"ement 7 -enera!:Br"aniJationa! $!ements:Master /ata
1. What is meant ' a c!ient in the SAP %:; Sstem? +. What is the mSAP.com Mar0et!ace and the Wor0!ace? ;. Lame the essentia! or"aniJationa! e!ements in Materia!s Mana"ement and e!ain how the are used. =. $!ain the concet of views in the materia! master record. D. What do ou have to ta0e into account with re"ard to the function or transaction to 'e chosen if ou want to create a view #that is, data for a articu!ar user deartment in the materia! master for diGerent or"aniJationa! units #for eam!e, for diGerent !ants? . What imortance does the urchasin" or"aniJation have for the materia! master? *. How do ou contro! the use of se!ected va!uation c!asses er materia! te? . With which master data is the account "rou used? ). What does an account "rou determine? 1. At what !eve! is "enera! data for vendors #such as the address mana"ed? What user deartment is resonsi'!e? 11. What is meant ' a one3time vendor #sundries account? 1+. What views have to 'e maintained in the vendor master to 'e a'!e to create urchase orders? 1;. What determines whether a materia! can 'e osted to stoc0?
Interview Questions on SAP MM #Materia! Mana"ement 7 Purchasin" : BtimiJation : 9ustomJin"
1. $!ain the 'asic structure of urchasin" documentsY What is the secia! feature of urchase re2uisitions? +. Which contro! arameters are !ocated at the item !eve! of urchasin" documents? ;. What does the account assi"nment cate"or C #un0nown stand for? When can ou use this account assi"nment cate"or? =. How can ou assi"n diGerent de!iver dates to a urchase order item? D. Wh ma this 'e advisa'!e? . What must ou ta0e into account or determine in the case of mu!ti!e account assi"nment?
*. $!ain the rocurement rocess usin" out!ine urchase a"reements. What are the 'asic diGerences 'etween a contract and a schedu!in" a"reement? . What is the urose of the co!!ective num'er for %FQs? ). With which functiona!it can ou comare 2uotations su'mitted ' diGerent vendors? 1. At which or"aniJationa! !eve!s is info record data 0et? 11. What determines whether ou can chan"e the -%, -% non3va!uated, and I% indicators in the urchase order? 1+. At which !eve! is the urchase order histor 0et? 1;. In which of the fo!!owin" cases can ou de(ne sca!es for the condition te? Purchase order 9ontract Info record endor Quotation Schedu!in" a"reement 1=. Which master data must ou maintain for a 2uota arran"ement? 1D. At which !eve!s can ou de(ne a source !ist re2uirement? 1. Secif the riorities in the source determination rocessY 1*. In which was can a source 'e assi"ned to a urchase re2uisition? 1. What is the main urose of the Assi"n re2uisitions function? D;. 1). What are the reconditions for automatica!! "enerated de!iver schedu!e !ines? D=. +. How do ou determine that the source assi"nment 5a" is set on the initia! screen when a urchase re2uisition is created? DD. +1. $!ain the advanta"es of eterna! services rocurement #item cate"or / in comarison with rocurin" services ' means of a standard urchase order with account assi"nment #tet or materia! te /I$LY D. ++. How do ou ma0e it ossi'!e to accet eterna! services that are not covered ' a urchase order or eceed the scoe of services covered ' a urchase order? D*.
+;. What does the re!ease strate" determine?
D. +=. At which !eve! are urchase re2uisitions re!eased? What does this deend on? D). .
Interview Questions on SAP MM #Materia! Mana"ement 7 Inventor Mana"ement #inc!. Secia! Procurement : Phsica! Inventor
1. What is the diGerence 'etween '!oc0ed stoc0 and -% '!oc0ed stoc0? +. Accordin" to the 'i!! of materia!, a roduction order re2uires 1 ieces of a materia!. 4ut on! ieces are re2uested for the issue date and the remainin" + ieces are no !on"er needed, 'ecause the are a!read avai!a'!e from revious orders. What are the im!ications of this? What needs to 'e done? ;. In which cases are reservations aroriate for "oods receits? =. What otions do ou have to carr out "oods movements 'etween diGerent !ants within our "rou? D. ou have osted the wron" 2uantit at -%. How do ou rectif this? . 9an ou use diGerent movement tes in one materia! document? *. How are "oods movements documented in MM? . How are "oods issues that are osted ' sa!es and distri'ution #S/ documented? ). What are the eGects of a "oods receit? 1. When is the Zde!iver com!eted[ indicator automatica!! set at -%? 11. For which !eve!s do ou de(ne that ne"ative stoc0s are a!!owed? 1+. 4rie5 e!ain the rocess of consi"nmentY 1. +. Interview Questions on SAP MM #Materia! Mana"ement 7 9ustomiJin" inc!. Messa"e /etermination
1. What does the item cate"or determine? +. 9an ou de(ne further item cate"ories? ;. What does the document te determine with re"ard to urchasin" documents? =. Which arameter is used to diGerentiate 'etween the outut #as messa"es of a new! created or chan"ed urchase order and a reminder or ur"in" !etter #eediter re!atin" to the PB? D. How can ou ensure that the choice of the rinter to 'e used for rintin" out urchasin" documents deends on the urchasin" "rou?
;. =. Interview Questions on SAP MM #Materia! Mana"ement 7 Materia!s P!annin" D. . 1. Bn what information are the various consumtion3'ased !annin" rocedures 'ased? Lame the consumtion3'ased !annin" rocedures. *.
+. Lame the ; !annin" run tes
.
;. What information is recorded in the !annin" (!e?
). =. What determines whether a materia! is to 'e inc!uded in the tota! !annin" run? *. D. Which times does the sstem ta0e into account when schedu!in" for eterna! rocurement and where are the entered? *1. . How man receit e!ements are created and which 2uantities are rocured if a re2uirement of 1 ieces eists, 1 ieces are avai!a'!e and the fo!!owin" conditions eist7 *+.
a !ot3for3!ot order 2uantit7
*;.
' (ed !ot siJe 17
*=.
c !ot3for3!ot order 2uantit with roundin" va!ue 17
*D.
d !ot3for3!ot order 2uantit with minimum !ot siJe D7
*.
e !ot3for3!ot order 2uantit with minimum !ot siJe +7
**.
f !ot3for3!ot order 2uantit with maimum !ot siJe 17
*.
" re!enishment u to maimum stoc0 !eve! D7
*). .
SAP MM Interview Questions on 7 Account /etermination:a!uation
1. +.
1. Bn which !eve!s can ou va!uate materia!s?
;.
+. What is the function of the eriod c!osin" ro"ram?
=. ;. ou want to carr out a ostin" for a "oods movement that was carried out ; months a"o, 'ut has not et 'een osted. Which ostin" date do ou use? D.
=. What is the urose of the account "rouin" code?
. D. 9an ou assi"n more than one va!uation c!ass to a sin"!e materia! master record? *.
. What is a va!uation c!ass? How is it used?
.
*. What is the urose of the #"enera! account "rouin" code?
). . Cnder which circumstances is a ostin" made to a diGerence account when a "oods receit for a urchase order is osted to stoc0? ).
). Are accountin" documents usua!! created for the fo!!owin" ostin"s?
)1.
6ransfer ostin" from materia! to materia!
)+.
Materia! te %BH, -% for PB osted to stoc0
);.
Materia! te CL4W, -% for PB to stoc0
)=.
6ransfer ostin" from !ant to !ant in one ste
)D.
6ransfer ostin" from !ant to !ant in two stes7 remova! from stoc0
).
6ransfer ostin" from !ant to !ant in two stes7 utawa
)*.
-% for PB with account assi"nment, -% not va!uated
).
-% for PB with account assi"nment, -% va!uated
)).
-I of a raw materia! #%BH
1.
-I of an non3va!uated materia! #CL4W
11. 1+. 4est SAP MM Interview Questions on 7 Invoice eri(cation #inc!. 9ustomiJin" 1;. 1=. 1. In which cases wou!d the stoc0 or consumtion account 'e credited with the cash discount amount? 1D.
+. When does a rice variance not !ead to an invoice 'ein" '!oc0ed?
1. ;. If, in an invoice, an item for \ 1 is '!oc0ed, and + further items for a tota! of \ + are not '!oc0ed, how much is the vendor aid in the net ament run #without ta? 1*. =. Wh is the messa"e issued ' the sstem a'out a ament '!oc0 not an error messa"e? 1. D. What is a stochastic '!oc0? 1). . An invoice is entered 'efore the "oods receit is osted and is '!oc0ed due to 2uantit variance. 6he "oods receit is then entered for the 2uantit invoiced, inva!idatin" the '!oc0in" reason. How does the sstem react? 11.
*. Which otions do ou have for re!easin" an invoice manua!!?
111.
. 9an invoices 'e '!oc0ed manua!!?
11+. ). How do ou enter a credit memo that resu!ts in the 2uantit invoiced 'ein" chan"ed? 11;. 1. Which sstem3side re2uirements must 'e fu!(!!ed 'efore ou can use eva!uated receit sett!ement #$%S? 11=.
11. When do rice and 2uantit variances occur durin" the $%S run?
11D. Interview Questions on SAP MM 11.
1. What are the tes of secia! stoc0s avai!a'!e?
Su'contractin", consi"nement, ie!ine, ro
+. What are the tes of inforecords?
Standard, consi"nment,su'contractin" & ie!ine. 11.
;. What is meant ' consi"nment stoc0?
6he stoc0 su!ied ' the vendor is in the comanies remises with the coman havin" no !ia'i!it for the same. 6he !ia'i!it for the coman wi!! on! 'e aGected when the "oods are issued from the consi"nment stoc0 for use. 11).
=. What are the stes invo!ved in consi"nment cc!e?
9reate consi"nment info record with roer ta code, create Po with item cate"or 8, maintain outut condition record for 8BLS, rocess -%, no invoice veri(cation done, 'ut sett!ement is done throu"h M%8B transaction. 1+.
D. 6e!! me a'out the su'contractin" cc!e.
6he Po is created with item cate"or > , the "oods is transferred to su'contractor ' D=1 movemet. for this movement note no accountin" docs ta0e !ace. When -% is done automatica!!, D=; movemnt ta0es !ace which ta0e care of the consumtion of comonents from stoc0. 1+1.
. How are the 'roducts ta0en care of in su'contractin"?
ou can add these ' roducts in the 4BM for the header mat!. 1++. *. What is meant ' sca!es? 9an sca!es 'e used in standard urchase order? ou can ( a rice in the info record for a sa 2t from 131 rice %S1D & if the order 2t is 113 D3 the rices is 1= . Sca!es cannot 'e used direct! in PB 'ut can 'e u!!ed into the PB from various master data !i0e info record, 2uota arran"ement. 1+;.
. What is the diGerence 'etween a contract and a schedu!in" a"reement?
With re"ard to But!ine A"reement7 1. ou can create the centra!! contract #cross3!ant where ou can maintain diGerent ricin" conditions for each and ever !ant +. ou have to create the %e!ease Brder with reference to But!ine A"reement. ;. Lo detai!ed de!iver schedu!e can 'e made in the %e!ease Brder. =. Lo %e!ease documentation is created. D. Bn! time3deendent conditions can 'e created. . Some Item 9ate"or OMO and OWO can 'e used. With re"ard to Schedu!in" A"reement7 1. 6he P!ant >ocation must 'e entered in the Schedu!in" A"reement.
+. We do not have to create an other urchasin" document ecet for de!iver schedu!e !ine via 6ransaction M$; or M%P runnin" #with the aroriate settin" of Source >ist. ;. /e!iver Schedu!e !ine items are created su'P or >PA with the se!ection of either F%9 or VI6 de!iver schedu!e. D. $ither time3deendent or time3indeendent conditions can 'e created su'
). How does the sstem ca!cu!ate taes?
1+D.
1. How does the sstem ca!cu!ate nondeducti'!e taes?
1+.
11. What is meant ' 'atches? How can the 'atches 'e searched?
A 'atch is a su'division of our stoc0 of a materia! havin" the same characteristics. For instance7 3 food roduction uses 'atches to indicate the da of roduction. 3 aint roduction uses 'atches 'ased on roduction date and the used in"redients. It is ver hard to reroduce the same co!or in eact! the same wa at two diGerent moments. 3 ore ma 'e divided in 'atches 'ased on their minera! content. 1+*. ou can search 'atches usin" the standard search faci!it #match code, 0e F= 'ased on the namin" convention of the 'atches or, if ou use 'atch c!assi(cation, 'ased on the characteristics of the 'atches. 1+.
1+. How is a she!f3!ife item mana"ed in SAP? What is the fu!! cc!e?
1+).
1;. What are the settin"s re2uired for 2uota arran"ement?
6o set u a 2uota arran"ement for the rocurement of a materia!, roceed as fo!!ows7 Master data 3R Quota arran"ement 3R Maintain, enter the materia! and !ant num'er, ress $L6$% to dis!a the overview screen for the 2uota arran"ement eriods, $nter a va!idit eriod for 2uota arran"ement, $nter date unti! which the 2uota arran"ement is va!id. 6he start date is ca!cu!ated ' the sstem. Press $L6$% . Se!ect the 2uota arran"ement and choose -oto 3R Item overview to dis!a the item overview screen of the 2uota arran"ement. $nter a 2uota arran"ement item for each source of su! ou want to inc!ude in the 2uota arran"ement. ou must enter the fo!!owin" data. 3 Procurement te
3 Secia! rocurement te, $nter 0 in the S co!umn, for eam!e, if a consi"nment arran"ement for the materia! eists with the vendor. 3 endor num'er 3 Procurement !ant #su!in" !ant7 3 Quota co!umn, enter the 2uota assi"ned to each item. Press $L6$% . 6he ercenta"e distri'ution of the 2uotas is ca!cu!ated and dis!aed automatica!! ' the sstem. Save the 2uota arran"ement. 6he sstem assi"ns a num'er to the 2uota arran"ement item automatica!! 1;.
1=. What is meant ' M%P 6e and !ot siJin"?
1;1. 1D. 9an it 'e con("ured in such a wa that the eterna! re2uisitions can a!so 'e ta0en into account whi!e M%P runs in consumtion3'ased !annin" if 4 is se!ected as M%P te? 1;+. 1. How are free items mana"ed in a PB? u need to tic0 the tem as free in the PB. 6he rice wi!! 'e Jero for such PBOs. 1;;. 1*. What are the diGerences 'etween re!ease rocedure with c!assi(cation and re!ease rocedure without c!assi(cation? When are the used? %e!ease rocedure with c!assi(cation means the Purchase re2usition can 'e re!eased 'oth at item !eve! & at the header !eve!. %e!ease rocedure with out c!assi(cation can a!so 'e used for P% which is used for item !eve! re!ease on!. a!! other eterna! documents cannot 'e re!esed with c!assi(cation. 6he two rocedures are mutua!! ec!usive #that is to sa, ou must decide in favor of one of them on! 3 ou cannot use 'oth. 1;=. PB?
1. Is it ossi'!e to have a re!ease rocedure without c!assi(cation for a
Lo 1;D.
1). What is the maimum num'er of !eve!s avai!a'!e in SAP?
/id not "et this 2uestion ]!s c!arif. 1;.
+. Is it ossi'!e to have sca!es in a 2uotation?
Lo 1;*.
+1. What is -% '!oc0ed stoc0? When it can 'e used?
Whenever ou are not sure a'out the 2ua!it of the roduct received, ou can ut in -% '!oc0ed stoc0. 1;.
++. How are the variations in su'contractin" ta0en care of in SAP?
1;).
+;. How to "ive seci(cations for deve!oments?
We norma!! reare a 'usiness re2uirement document in which we secif what is re2uired. what (e!d & ta'!es have to 'e referred for the re2uired deve!oment.
1=.
+=. How to create P% or PB ' M%P?
6he P% is created accordin" to the safet stoc0 mentioned for the materia! or can 'e tri""ered from a re2uirement . For creatin" a PB, ou need to have the schedu!in" a"reement in !ace .After the M%P is run the schedu!e !ines are "enerated which are nothin" 'ut the PB. 1=1.
SAP MM Interview Questions and Answers
1=+. What is meant ' sca!es? 1=;. We can ( a rice in the info record for ran"e of 2t from 131 rice %s.1 & if the order 2t is 113 D3 the rices is %s.).A!so sca!es cannot 'e used direct! in PB 'ut can 'e u!!ed into the PB from various master data !i0e info record, 2uota arran"ement etc. 1==.
What is the rocedure to de!ete materia!s ermanent! from Materia! Master? 6he rocess for de!etin" the materia!s ermanent! from materia! master is ' usin" transaction code MM* and the navi"ation is Materia! MasterRBtherR%eor"aniJationRMateria!R9hoose. 6hen 'ui!d variant with se!ection ran"e of materia! master records to 'e se!ected for de!etion and maintain run arameters and then eecute. 1=D.
1=. Csin" 6ransaction 9ode MM*1 navi"ate as fo!!ows Materia! MasterRBtherR%eor"aniJation and then 'ui!d the second variant, maintain run arameters and eecute. It is a!so imortant to remove the records manua!! form info records, PB, P% reservation etc for successfu! de!etion of the materia!.
What M%P rocedures are avai!a'!e in MM394P #9onsumtion 4ased P!annin"?
arious materia! !annin" methods are used in M%P #Materia! %e2uirements P!annin". 1. %eorder oint rocedure #M +. Forecast3'ased !annin" # ;. 6ime3Phased materia!s !annin" #P/ 6hese are seci(ed in materia! creation #MM1 under the M%P 1 ta'.
$!ain the function B49?
1=*. 6he Function B49 stands for 9on("ure Automatic Postin"s. When the sstem settin"s are entered for the Inventor Mana"ement and Invoice eri(cation transactions the automatic ostin" to -:> accounts. Postin"s are made to -:> accounts automatica!! in the case of Invoice eri(cation and Inventor Mana"ement where the transactions are re!evant to Financia! and 9ost Accountin".
1=.
1=). ZP[?
What is the rocedure to ma0e the eriod indicator in the M%P+ view as
1D. 6o ma0e the eriod indicator in the M%P+ view as ZP[ the transaction variant SH/ and then S$); is used.
1D1. What is the rocedure to ma0e the Source >ist automatica!! aear in Materia! Master as defau!t if maintained at !ant !eve! usin" BM$D?
1D+. 6he maintained source !ist re2uirement in BM$D was not maintained the source !ist for the materia!, Po can’t 'e re!eased. So it is re2uired to maintain source !ist for a!! materia!s in the !ant where the indicator is set if maintain source !ist at !ant !eve! is maintained or it can ma0e use of info record to do so automatica!!.
>ist some info records tes? 6he !ists of Info %ecords 6es are Standard, 9onsi"nment, Su'contractin" and Pie!ine.
$!ain what is consi"nment stoc0? 6he 9onsi"nment stoc0 is a stoc0 that is su!ied ' the vendor is in the comanies remises with the coman havin" no !ia'i!it for the same. 6he !ia'i!it for the coman wi!! on! 'e aGected when the "oods are issued from the consi"nment stoc0 for use.
Is it ossi'!e to have sca!es in a 2uotation? Lo, it is not ossi'!e to have sca!es in a 2uotation
What is the su'contractin" cc!e? 6he Su'contractin" 9c!e is that when Po is created with item cate"or >, the "oods is transferred to su'contractor ' D=1 movements. For this movement note no accountin" documents ta0e !ace. When -% is done automatica!!, D=; movements’ ta0es !ace which ta0e care of the consumtion of comonents from stoc0.
$!ain the rocedure to create P% or PB ' M%P? 6he rocedure to create P% is accordin" to the safet stoc0 mentioned for the materia! or can 'e tri""ered from a re2uirement. For creatin" a PB, ou need to have the schedu!in" a"reement in !ace .After the M%P is run the schedu!e !ines are "enerated which is nothin" 'ut the PB. 1D;. 1D=.
What tes of secia! stoc0s are avai!a'!e?
Secia! Stoc0s that are avai!a'!e are Su'contractin", consi"nments, ie!ine, ro
Is it ossi'!e to have sca!es in a 2uotation? Lo, it is not ossi'!e to have sca!es in a 2uotation
$!ain the stes that are invo!ved in consi"nment cc!e? 6he stes that are invo!ved in consi"nment cc!e is ' creatin" consi"nment info record with roer ta code, maintain outut condition record for 8BLS, no invoice veri(cation done, create Po with item cate"or 8, rocess -%, 'ut sett!ement is done throu"h M%8B transaction. 1DD.
1D.
$!ain the diGerence 'etween a contract and a schedu!in" a"reement?
1D*. 6he 9ontract a"reement or the But!ine A"reement is that create the centra!! contract #cross3!ant where it can maintain diGerent ricin" conditions for each and ever !ant. It creates the %e!ease Brder with reference to But!ine A"reement. Lo detai!ed de!iver schedu!e can 'e made in the %e!ease Brder. Lo %e!ease documentation is created. Bn! time3deendent conditions can 'e created, Some Item 9ate"or OMO and OWO can 'e used. 1D. 1D). Whereas the Schedu!in" A"reement is the P!ant >ocation what must 'e entered in the Schedu!in" A"reement. Its no need to create an other urchasin" document ecet for de!iver schedu!e !ine via 6ransaction M$; or M%P runnin" #with the aroriate settin" of Source >ist. /e!iver Schedu!e !ine items are created su'P or >PA with the se!ection of either F%9 or VI6 de!iver schedu!e. $ither time3deendent or time3indeendent conditions can 'e created su'
1. 11. What is the diGerence 'etween re!ease rocedure with c!assi(cation and without c!assi(cation and when are the used? 1+. 6he re!ease rocedure with c!assi(cation dea!s with the urchase re2uisition it can 'e re!eased 'oth at item !eve! and at the header !eve!. 9omin" to re!ease rocedure without c!assi(cation can a!so 'e used for urchase re2uisition which is used for item !eve! re!ease on!. A!! other eterna! documents cannot 'e re!eased with c!assi(cation 6hese two rocedures are mutua!! ec!usive to sa, it has to 'e decided in favor of one of them on!.
1;.
1=.
In what wa does the Su'contractin" was cared ' the 'roducts?
6he 4roducts ta0e care of su'contractin" in 4BM for the header.
1D.
What is the rocedure to "ive seci(cations for deve!oments?
6he rocedure to "ive seci(cations are norma!! reared for the 'usiness re2uirement document in which we secif what is re2uired, what (e!d and ta'!es have to 'e referred for the re2uired deve!oment.
Here a !ist of SAP MM Interview 2uestions for freshers and eerienced. %efer 'e!ow SAP MM interview 2uestions #SAP Materia! Mana"ement one ' one and "et reared we!! for
6e!! me a'out SAP Materia! Mana"ement? and its imortance in SAP %:;?
+.
How SAP MM modu!e is inte"rated with other SAP modu!es?
;.
What is a 9!ient?
=.
How to create a 9!ient in SAP Materia! Mana"ement modu!e?
D.
What is SAP?
.
What is I/$S?
*.
/iGerence 'etween SAP %:1, %:+,%:; ?
.
What are the diGerent modu!es in SAP %:; sstem?
).
What is mSAP $%P?
1. What are the Imortant 9omonents of SAP MM modu!e and how the are used in SAP? 11.
6e!! me a'out Br"anisationa! Structure of SAP MM?
1+.
/e(ne 9oman and how to create coman?
1;.
/e(ne 9oman 9ode and how coman code is created?
1=.
How do ou assi"n Zcoman code[ to coman?
1D.
/e(ne P!ant?
1.
What are the imortant Prere2uisites for creatin" a !ant in SAP?
1*.
How do ou assi"n !ant to coman code?
1. Which Br"aniJation unit is entered when creatin" Purchasin" view of an materia! 1).
What is Stora"e >ocation? how to maintain stora"e !ocations?
+.
How Stora"e >ocations are created automatica!!?
+1.
What is a!uation Areas?
++.
What is Purchase Br"anisation? How it is con("ured?
+;.
What is 9hart of Accounts in SAP?
+=.
How man charts of accounts can 'e assi"ned to a sin"!e coman code?
+D.
What are the diGerent tes of master records data in SAP MM modu!e?
+.
What is a Materia! Master?
+*. What are the /ata is maintained in Materia! master at c!ient !eve! and coman code !eve!? +.
How to de!ete materia!s ermanent! from materia! master?
+).
How to etend materia!s to a new !ant ?
;.
What is a 4atch? How to create a 4atch %ecord?
;1.
What is a c!ass te and how to con("ure in SAP sstem?
;+.
How endor Master %ecords are created?
;;.
What are the Secia! Stoc0s avai!a'!e in SAP?
;=.
What is a 9onsi"nment stoc0?
;D. $!ain /iGerences 'etween $terna!! owned and coman owned secia! stoc0s? ;.
$!ain Procurement cc!e in or"anisation?
;*. $!ain how Purchase Brder #PB, Purchase %e2uisition #P%, M%P are created? ;.
/e(ne consi"nment cc!e?
;).
What is Su'contractin"? How su'contractin" PB is created?
=.
What is Materia! 6e? How to create Materia! 6e?
=1.
How to 9reate materia! movement te in SAP?
=+.
$!ain Purchase %e2uisition #P%, Purchase Brder #PB
=;.
/e(ne 6o!erance 8es?
==.
$!ain Pricin" Procedure?
=D.
/e(ne Scheme "rou and Scheme determination?
Materia! Mana"ement Interview Questions 1. What is the diGerence 'etween the stoc0 transfer 'etween two !ants 'e!on"in" to same coman code and those 'e!on"in" to diGerent coman code? +.
What are the imortant (e!ds in urchasin" view?
;.
What are the stes in automatic account assi"nment con("uration?
=. How do ou create movement tes? What are the stes invo!ved? When wi!! ou recommend a new movement te? D.
What is meant ' access se2uence? When it is used?
.
How does the PB ic0 u the ricin" schema?
