T R A T S K C I U Q CSC
S-Frame ™
Structural Office Suite
o f n i . e m a r f s .
2 : Quic ick k St Start Guid ide e
2 : Quic ick k St Start Guid ide e
Table of Co Cont nten entts : 3
Table of Contents Thank you . . . . . . . . . . . First steps . Geometry Window . . . . Model Description . . . . Define Geometry . . . . Loads Window overview . . . . . . . . Define Loads Graphical Results Window overview . . . . Review Results . What Next? . . . . . .
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4 : Table of Con ontten ents ts
Thank you : 5
Thank you Thank you for purchasing this copy of S-Frame . We know that you have made the right decision, and look forward to building a close relationship with you in the future. We want to ease your use of this powerful product and ensure that you get maximum benefit in minimum time. That is what this Quick Start Guide 1 is all about. Using this guide you should be able to create, analyse and review results for a simple model in around 1 hour. After that bigger (more realistic) models may be to some extent just a matter of repetition. However, you probably want to get S-Frame to do the repetition for you and there are numerous features in S-Frame that will help. To help you move from being an S-Frame “novice” to an S-Frame “expert” we have provided lots more worked examples in the S-Frame Help system and the detailed manuals supplied in electronic (. P D F ) format. Finally, we will always welcome your comments and ideas about S-Frame . Your input is very important to us. It enables us to ensure that our continuing development of S-Frame meets your requirements. Many of S-Frame’s current features come from interaction with existing customers. We are committed to maintaining and updating S-Frame and your contributions are vital to this. So, thank you again, both for purchasing S-Frame , and for the future input we anticipate you will provide. The S-Frame team
1.
This document was prepared for S-Frame version 8.0. If you are using a newer version of the software some features may vary.
6 : First steps
First steps If you have not yet installed S-Frame , then insert the CD into your computer’s CD/DVD drive, and follow the on-screen instructions to install S-Frame for Windows . Click the Start button on the Windows task bar, then in turn click: • All Programs, • Structural Office, • S-Frame Lite, S-Frame Standard , S-Frame Professional , or S-Frame Enterprise, (depending on the edition of S-Frame which you purchased), • S-FRAME for Windows S-Frame will start and you will see a dialog relating to licensing. If you want to licence S-Frame at this stage then do so. The Licensing help explains this process fully.
You do not have to wait before you can use S-Frame . Click Close to shut the Licensing dialog, S-Frame will start1, initialise and you will see the Open Structure dialog.
Click the New 3D… button2.
1.
You get a grace period of the rest of today and tomorrow during which you can use S-Frame without licensing it. After midnight tomorrow S-Frame will not launch until you have licensed it.
2.
From now on we shall shorten the instruction to click a button to click New 2D…
First steps : 7
You will see the New Structure wizard.
Enter the any of these details as you think appropriate and then click Next . to see the Input Units page of the New Structure wizard. This page allows you to define the input units that you want to use.
Before we proceed let’s set the units and preferences to ensure that these are consistent with the following instructions in this tutorial. Click Metric to reset S-Frame to use the default set of Metric units (shown above). The settings that you see will only be different to the defaults if someone else has changed them.
8 : First steps
Click Next to see the Result Units page of the New Structure wizard.
Again click Metric to reset the result units to the default values. Click Next to move to the subsequent page of the wizard.
This page allows you to choose the type of model you want to create, and to set various advanced features that you may want to investigate later.
First steps : 9
Click Next again to view the final page of the New Structure wizard.
Note
You can tell that this is the last page because the F i n i s h button becomes available.
Before we end the New Structure wizard let’s set some preferences for this project. Click Preferences… to see the dialog where you set these. This dialog has several pages. You access the pages by clicking the appropriate tab (General , Interface, Solver , Results) towards the top of the dialog.
10 : First steps
Make the settings shown above and then click OK to return to the New Structure wizard. Note
S - F r a m e remembers your I n p u t U n i t s , R e s u l t U n i t s and Preference settings. In future you will only need to access these dialogs in order to make changes, or to ensure that no one else has made changes since you last used S - F r a m e .
First steps : 11 Note
If you want to investigate other S - F r a m e options and/or settings while you are creating this model please feel free to do so. We would recommend that you maintain the I n p u t U n i t s , R e s u l t U n i t s and Preference settings shown above. You might also like to save your model before you start experimenting and reload it afterwards to ensure that any changes don’t affect the model and lead to discrepancies later.
Ensure that the option to Start from Scratch - Open a blank model is selected and then click Finish in the New Structure wizard to end the wizard and proceed to define the model. This completes the S-Frame launch process, and you will see S-Frame’s Geometry window.
12 : Geometry Window
Geometry Window The Geometry Window is annotated below to explain its various components. Please familiarise yourself with the components shown below. Command Bar
Data Bar Combo Bar Groups Pane
Shortcuts Bar
Aerial window
Status Bar
Note
S - F r a m e has other windows – L o a d s , G r a p h i c a l R e s u l t s … , we shall meet some of these later, but we shall concentrate on one window at once.
Check your Status Bar options to ensure that they are set as shown below. If they are not, then click the offending buttons to toggle them so that they are as shown.
Note
You can not change the setting for the buttons that are dimmed , since these are either not appropriate to the G e o m e t r y window, or are not appropriate at this stage of model definition.
Geometry Window : 13 Note
Feel free to toggle these settings on and off to find the display style that suits you best as you work through the example.
14 : Model Description
Model Description We can now start to build the model shown below – a simple two span continuous beam.
6m
6m
Self-weight Dead Load
30 kN
30 kN
10 kN/m
10 kN/m
3m
3m
Live Load
25 kN/m
15 kN/m
3m
3m
20 kN
40 kN
30 kN/m
10 kN/m 2m
2m
Combination Self-weight Dead Load Live Load
1.4 1.4 1.6
2m
1.5 m
3m
1.5 m
Define Geometry : 15
Define Geometry Generally to define the geometry of our model we work down the icons in the Shortcuts Bar – Geometry pane, however the first two tools are common to all S-Frame’s windows, so we start with the third tool down – the Joint Tool ( ). Click this tool and you will see that the Data Ba r reconfigures itself to show options which are applicable for this tool.
Zoom Extents
Ensure that Zoom Extents (highlighted above) is activated (the option has a box around it). The initial values for the X-Coordinate, Y-Coordinate and Z-Coordinate (0, 0, 0) are correct for the first joint. To generate this joint simply click on the Ok button ( left-hand side of the Data Bar to create your first joint at this position.
)1 at the
Now type 12 into the X field and click Ok again to add a second joint at 12, 0, 0. Your screen should now look like this.
Note
We have only created two joints - this is intentional for reasons which will become clear in a minute.
Now we can proceed to define our first member. Click the Member Definition Tool ( third icon down in the Geometry Tools toolbox). Note
1.
–the
If you allow the mouse pointer to hover over a button, then you will get a tool tip giving that button’s name. From now on we shall give the name of the button, and show its image, but we will not tell you explicitly where to find it.
From here on in, we shall use the shortened form – click Accept Data.
16 : Define Geometry
The Data Bar now shows the details which are appropriate to this tool.
We are going to generate our members graphically, however we have only defined the joints at the extreme ends of our pair of beams. We can tell S-Frame that we want to create several members of equal length between any pair of joints which we click. In our case we only want to create two members, so replace the 1 in the Number of Links box with 2.
Click on the left-hand joint in the Geometry window, and then on the right-hand one. right-hand joint
left-hand joint
S-Frame will create the two members that we require.
Note
S - F r a m e automatically adds a joint between the two links.
We have defined the beams, but as yet we have not defined any section properties. We shall do so now.
Define Geometry : 17
Right-click the Section Properties Tool (
) to view the control dialog for the tool.
We could enter the details directly, but it is more efficient to retrieve them from the database of sections which are installed with S-Frame . Click Dbase…
18 : Define Geometry
Now click the I section icon (
), pick British from the list of Steel Tables, and type 533 210
in the Section Name field1. Now click Find and S-Frame will search and locate the first section that matches with the text which you entered. In this case this is a 533 210 82 UKB. This is the section we want to use so click OK to return to the Section Propertie s Tool dialog which will show the details for this section.
Click one of the colour buttons (other than the black one) and then click Close. You will see that a legend is added to the screen showing the name of the section and the colour you have assigned to it. You will also see that the beams are shown in that colour.
This is because, until you choose otherwise, S-Frame creates members with section property 1 (shown by the text against the member, and using your chosen colour), and you have just specified that this section is a 533 210 UB 82.
1.
From now on we shall simplify this to “type 53 3 as the Section Name”.
Define Geometry : 19 Note
The D a t a B a r allows you to switch the display of section property numbers on or off at will.
Although the section is shown as a single line S-Frame has retrieved all the details of the member. We can see this more clearly if we render the model. Click the Render icon (
) on the Status Bar .
We need to define our material properties in a similar manner to the section properties. Right-click the Material Properties Tool (
) to see its dialog.
20 : Define Geometry
Click Steel (BS5950), to make it the current material then click Close. You will see that it is now shown in bold on the legend. Click on the centre-line of each member (not the rendered shape) to apply the current material property. You will see that the beams are shown in the colour for Steel (BS5950) as shown in the legend.
Click the Render icon (
) on the Status Bar to switch the rendering of members off.
In a similar manner to the section properties S-Frame has assigned the material type 3 (m3) to the beams which we have modelled, and we have now assigned a colour to that material type. Now we can proceed to define the supports for our beams. Right-click the Support Tool ( icon again to see its control dialog.
)
The support at the left-hand end of our continuous beam is to be totally fixed against movement (translation) but free to rotate about the Y-Axis. Make these settings (as shown in the capture above) and then click OK .
Define Geometry : 21
Now click the left-hand joint to apply this restraint type at this location. You will see that S-Frame shows this support with the appropriate symbols.
Now set the restraint type for the other two joints – in addition to being free to rotate about the Y-Axis these are also to be free to move along the X-Axis. Make these settings and apply these supports to the other two joints.
This completes the definition of the geometry of our beam.
22 : Loads Window overview
Loads Window overview We can now move to the Loads window which allows us to define the loading which the beam is to carry. Click the Loads shortcuts option. The display will change to the Loads window, shown by S-Frame’s title bar, and the different tools which are available. Command Bar
Data Bar Groups Pane Combo Bar
Shortcuts Bar
Aerial window
Status Bar
Check your Status Line options to ensure that they are set as shown below. If they are not, then click the offending buttons to toggle them so that they are as shown.
Note
Feel free to toggle these settings on and off to find the display style that suits you best as you work through the example.
Loads Window overview : 23
You may also want to move the Load Types Legend if it obscures the left-hand beam. To do this either double click over the point to which you want the top-left-hand corner of the Load Types Legend to move, or click its title and holding the mouse button down drag the legend to your preferred location and then release the mouse button.
24 : Define Loads
Define Loads First let’s define a load case which contains only the self-weight of the beam. We could calculate the load ourselves, but S-Frame can calculate this automatically based on the area of the beam and the material density. In the Combo Bar click Edit Load Status… (
).
Type in the Load Case Description as Self-weight , ensure that there is no check against Inactivate the load case1 and enter the value for the Z Gravitational Factor as -1 then click Update. This tells S-Frame that we want to apply these changes to the load case which is highlighted in the list of load cases – the only one at the minute. Note
You need to enter the value as -1 , since the positive direction for the Z -axis is upwards, and we want the self-weight to apply in the downwards direction.
When you click Update you will see that the details for this load case are updated. Now click OK to close the Edit Load Status… dialog.
1.
When you add a load into this initial load case S-Frame automatically activates it. Since, for this example we are not creating any loads in this load case we need to activate it manually.
Define Loads : 25
Now let’s add a new load case to contain the dead loads on our beam. In the Combo Bar click New Load Case (
).
Type in the Load Case Description as Dead Loads and then click OK . Repeat this process to add in another load case, this time with the Load Case Description as Live Loads. You will see that the Combo Bar now shows the title 3 - Live Loads in the drop list to its right-hand-side.
Use this drop list to pick the load case 2 - Dead Loads. We can now start to define the loads in this load case. Click the Concentrated Load Tool ( the details which are appropriate to this tool.
) in the Shortcut Bar . The Data Bar shows
Enter a value for the Magnitude of -30 (again the negative value since the load is acting downwards), and a value for the Location of 0.5. This represents the distance along the member to the concentrated load expressed as the ratio of the distance to the load over the full
26 : Define Loads
length of the member (thus the load will be placed ½ way along the member). Now click on the left-hand beam, and then on the right-hand one to generate the concentrated load on each beam.
Click the Global Load Tool ( this tool.
Note
). The Data Bar now shows the details which are appropriate to
When you click the Global Load Tool the concentrated loads which you have just applied will disappear from the screen. This is because S - F r a m e is only showing loads of the current type and direction to avoid screen clutter. If you want to see loads of a different type and/or direction, then you can tell S - F r a m e to show them. We will look at this option momentarily.
Define Loads : 27
Enter a value for W1 of -10 (you don’t need to make any other settings since the load is to apply to the full length of each beam. Click on the left-hand beam, and then on the right-hand one to generate the global load on each beam.
Now we have defined all the loads in this load case, let’s take a look at all of them together. Click the View Member Loads icon (
) on the Status Bar (to change it from Off to On).
As you can see the display could quickly become cluttered if you choose to view all loads at once - however for this small model it is a reasonable choice, so we will continue, keeping this setting. We have now defined our Dead Loads load case, and can now proceed to define the Live Loads load case. Pick this loadcase from the list in the Combo Bar . Click the Concentrated Load Tool (
). The Data Bar shows the details for this tool.
28 : Define Loads
Right click the Concentrated Load tool and enter a value for P of -20 and a value for D of 0.25 to make S-Frame place the load ¼ of the way along the beam. Click the right-hand beam to generate this load. Now, enter a value for P of -40 and a value for D of 0.75 and then click the right-hand beam again to generate the concentrated load ¾ of the way along the beam.
Click the Global Load Tool (
). The Data Bar shows this tool’s details.
Enter a value for W1 of -10 (you don’t need to make any other settings since the load is to apply to the full length of each beam. Click on the left-hand beam. Without changing the settings in the Data Bar click the right-hand beam three times. At the first click you will see that S-Frame adds a -10 kN/m load to the beam. At the second and third clicks S-Frame increases this to -20 kN/m and -30 kN/m respectively. S-Frame recognises that the right-hand beam already has a load of the same type, direction and run, and so increments that load by the value currently set in the Data Bar .
Define Loads : 29
Now we want to define the remaining trapezoidal load on the left-hand beam. This is also a global load in the Z direction, but not a Full uniform one. In the Data Bar pick the list which currently shows Full Uniform and then choose the Partial varying option. The Data Bar shows the details for this setting.
Enter a value for W1 of -15, a value for D1 of 0.333, a value for W2 of -25 and a value for D2 of 0.667 , then click the left-hand beam to generate this load.
Now we can define our combination. Click the Edit/ Load Combinations… menu option.
Scroll the table to the right to see the cells dealing with load cases and their factors.
30 : Define Loads
From the load case drop lists pick the load cases which we want to include in our combination, and type in the appropriate factors. On completion of this process the table should look like the capture below.
Click OK to close the dialog. We have now completely defined our model, so let’s save it before we analyse it. Click the File/ Save As… menu option. Give the name under which you want to save this tutorial and then click OK . Note
Click Analyse (
Why not create some other loads and combinations now, or come back to this after you have completed the analysis and review of the results in the next section. ) from the Command Bar .
Define Loads : 31
Click OK to start a Linear Static analysis of the model. If prompted to save your model, click once OK more. You will see the S-Frame Solution Summary .
Press the Enter key on the keyboard to close this dialog.
32 : Graphical Results Window overview
Graphical Results Window overview You will see the Graphical Results window as annotated below. Command Bar
Data Bar Groups Pane Combo Bar
Shortcuts Bar
Aerial window
Status Bar
Check your Status Line options to ensure that they are set as shown below. If they are not, then click the offending buttons to toggle them so that they are as shown.
Note
Feel free to toggle these settings on and off to find the display style that suits you best as you work through the example.
Review Results : 33
Review Results Click the Deflection Tool ( this tool.
Note
). The Data Bar now shows the details which are appropriate to
The C o m b o B a r allows us to pick the load case whose results we want to see. The capture below is for load case 3 - L i v e L o a d s .
You will see the deflection results as controlled by these settings.
The Stations setting allows us to control the number of intermediate points along each member at which we want to see results. If we increase the number of settings from 5 to 21, the curve becomes much smoother.
34 : Review Results Caution
Increasing the number of stations increases the calculations that S - F r a m e has to perform when showing the results. Although this is insignificant in this small model, for a larger model a high number of stations can degrade performance significantly.
Click the Add to Document icon (
) on the Combo Bar .
Enter a name for the picture and then click OK . This saves the picture so that it can be included in a report later. Click View Load Combinations (
) from the Command Bar . Pick 1 - Load Comb 1 from the
list in the Combo Bar and then click the Moment Diagrams Tool (
Note
).
If the L e g e n d obscures the diagram you may want to move it to a more appropriate position. If you want to move it, click the title of the L e g e n d and drag it to the new location.
The first thing to note is that, with these settings, the representation of the bending moments is not smooth. S-Frame holds the details of the forces, moments, deflections… at the ends of each member, and uses these, together with the loading on that member, to determine the
Review Results : 35
values at intermediate points (called S t a t i o n s ). With the current setting of 21 Stations S-Frame calculates the bending moment at each end of the member, and at nineteen intermediate points. You will also note that S-Frame is automatically scaling the results to the maximum size of the Graphical Results window. You may also consider the moment diagrams as being “ upside down”, depending on the conventions you normally use. We can easily change this behaviour. Click the Settings/Diagrams… menu option or click the Diagram scale factors and styles icon (
) from the Command Bar .
Click Specify max projected length, enter a value of 25 for the Max projected length, click Invert Moment Diagrams (so that the settings are as shown above) and then click OK .
36 : Review Results
Setting our own maximum projected length setting has reduced the size of the diagrams and made the curves appear smoother, however the values are still being calculated at the ends and nineteen intermediate points along each member. In the Data Bar pick 31 Stations and then click Accept Data (
).
You will see that the curve is smoother, and the greater number of points allows you to see additional colour bands. Again click the Add to Document icon ( picture as Bending moments.
) on the Combo Bar and give the name of the
Now choose the Numerical Results spreadsheet window, and then click the Add to Document icon (
) on the Combo Bar .
Review Results : 37
Enter the report title as Reactions and then click OK . You will now see the Word File Export dialog, General page.
This dialog allows us to control the content of the report. In this case we want the reaction details, so click on the Results tab.
38 : Review Results Note
You may like to investigate the options on the other tabs, to see the full range of information which is available.
Ensure that the boxes shown above are ticked, and then click OK . Click the Export to Word/TEDDS icon (
) from the Combo Bar .
Review Results : 39
To organise your report into the required sequence, click on the description of an item and Move it to its required location. Repeat this until you have the order you require.
Once the order is satisfactory click WORD to export the report to Word , or TEDDS to export it to TEDDS . After a short delay you will see the report in the application of your choice.
