Verb to be (essere) Affirmative
negative
Interrogativ e
short answers
I am (I’m) you are (you’re) he is (he’s) she is (she’s)
I am not (I’m not) you are not (you’re not) he is not (he isn’t) she is not (she isn’t)
Am I? Are you? Is he? Is she?
Yes, Yes, Yes, Yes,
you are/No you aren’t I am/No, I’m not he is/No, he isn’t she is/No, she isn’t
it is (it’s) we are (we’re) you are (you’re) they are (they’re)
not (it isn’t) it weisare not (we aren’t) you are not (you aren’t) they are not (they aren’t)
Is it? Are we? Are you? Are they?
Yes, Yes, Yes, Yes,
it /No/,No it ,isn’t weisare we aren’t we are/No, we aren’t they are/No, they aren’t
E.g.: I’m from Manchester He isn’t a student
You’re very tall! She isn’t married
We’re Italian Are they actors? Yes, they are
English Grammar Notes & Exercises
Verb to have got (avere) affirmative
Negative
Interrogat
short answers
I have (I’ve) got
I have not (I’ve not) got
Yes, you have/No you haven’t
you have (you’ve) got he has (he’s) got
you have not (you’ve not) got
Have I got? Have you got? Has he got?
she has (she’s) got
she has not (she hasn’t) got
it has (it’s) got we have (we’ve) got
it has not (it hasn’t) got we have not (we haven’t) got
you have (you’ve) got they have (they’ve) got
you have not (you haven’t) got they have not (they haven’t) got
E.g.:
PART 1
he has not (he hasn’t) got
I’ve got a computer We’ve got a nice flat They haven’t got a dog
Yes, I have/No, I haven’t Yes, he has/No, he hasn’t
Has she Yes, she has/No, she hasn’t got? a cura di Danielle Wells e Fulvio Silvestri Has it got? Yes, it has/No, it hasn’t Have we Yes, we have/No, we haven’t got? Have you Yes, we have/No, we haven’t got? Have they Yes, they have/No, they haven’t got?
She’s got blonde hair You haven’t got much time Have you got a bike? No, I haven’t
edizione destinata ad uso esclusivo della
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 1
INDICE PER ARGOMENTI
1.
Pronomi personali soggetto
2.
Aggettivi possessivi
3.
Pronomi possessivi
4.
Il plurale dei sostantivi
5.
L’articolo indeterminativo
6.
L’articolo determinativo
7.
Aggettivi e pronomi dimostrativi
8.
Il presente semplice dei verbi ausiliari
9.
Il presente semplice dei verbi ordinari
10.
Il genitivo sassone
11.
Il verbo modale CAN
12.
Pronomi personali oggetto
13. 14.
Avverbi di intensità SOME, ANY, NO; HOW MUCH, HOW MANY
15.
Avverbi di frequenza
16.
Espressioni di frequenza
17.
Preposizioni
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 2
1
PRONOMI PERSONALI SOGGETTO
I You He She It We You
I am from Italy. You are a teacher. He is 20 years old. She is very intelligent. It is a book. We are British. You are students.
They
They live in Boston, MA.
2
AGGETTIVI POSSESSIVI
This is my cell phone number. Is Mark your brother? His dad looks rather strange... This is her dog, Pinky. Pinky wants its cookie! Do you like our new car? Where is your sister? Mr. and Mrs. Jones are here with their son.
my your his her its our your their
3 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
PRONOMI POSSESSIVI
It’s mine ! I think this is yours . His is better that mine. Is this hers ? Its is not as long as Pinky’s. The fault is ours . Guys, these things are yours . That dog is theirs .
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 3
PERSONAL PRONOUNS Rewrite the following sentences using a subject pronoun:
Luca is Italian
He is Italian
Sara and her husband work in the same office
Your house is really big! My mum is almost 50 years old That dictionary is expensive Luca’s mother and father are French My husband and I are both doctors You, your mum and dad are welcome in my house
PRONOMI POSSESSIVI Reply to the following questions with an appropriate answer:
Is this money mine?
No, It’s his!
Are these shoes yours?
No,
Is she his wife?
No,
Is that her car?
No,
Is that the dog’s toy?
No,
Are those our books?
No,
Are they your children?
No,
Is he their teacher?
No,
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 4
4
IL PLURALE DEI SOSTANTIVI
REGOLA. In generale i sostantivi inglesi formano il plurale aggiungendo una –s alla forma singolare: E.g.:
house > house s book > book s pen > pens
Ma ci sono alcune eccezioni: ❏ i nomi che terminano in –y preceduta da una consonante, cambiano la –y in –ies E.g.:
❏
i nomi che terminano in –s, - ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -z, -o prendono –es
Eg.:
❏
fly > flies city > cit ies
bus > buses boss > boss es buzz > buzz es
sandwich > sandwiches box > box es potato > potatoes
i nomi che terminano in –f aggiungono una –s
Eg.:
cliff > cliffs
belief > beliefs
chief > chief s
ATTENZIONE A QUESTE ECCEZIONI:
knife > knives wife > wives
❏
half > hal ves loaf > loaves
alcuni nomi hanno un plurale completamente irregolare
E.g.:
❏
leaf > leaves shelf > shelves
man > men woman > women mouse > mice sheep > sheep
child > children person > people foot > feet fish > fish
altri hanno una sola forma per il singolare e il plurale; questi nomi sono detti uncountable , ovvero non numerabili
E.g.:
news
a piece of news
information furniture advice
a piece of information a piece of furniture a piece of advice
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 5
PLURALS Can you complete the plural of these nouns?
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
Book
Box
Foot
Wife
Bag
Match
Tooth
Cat
Car
Mouse
Advice
Scarf
House
Batch
Kiss
Knife
Dog
Person
Boy
Fish
Information
Girl
Child
Sheep
Correct the following sentences:
I have two dog
I have two dogs
Can you give me some informations, please? I would like two potatos with my chicken Where are my childs? The persons in Sweden speak English very well Can you put the knifes and forks on the table? I know all the capital citys in the world I love animals, especially mouses, dogs and sheeps She has three red scarfs Good evening ladys and gentlemans
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 6
PLURAL
5
L’ARTICOLO INDETERMINATIVO
Si usa per parlare di cose o persone generiche a davanti a un nome che inizia per consonante o h- aspirat a
E.g.:
a chair
a house
a housewife
an davanti a un nome che inizia per vocale o h- muta
E.g.:
an egg
an honest man
an hour late
ATTENZIONE! Si dice a university e non an university perché il suono iniziale non è vocalico E.g. a uniform a unicorn a union
6
L’ARTICOLO DETERMINATIVO
Si usa per parlare di cose o persone specifiche (= non generiche) E.g.: The flowers are on the table.
7
AGGETTIVI E PRONOMI DIMOSTRATIVI
This/these
= vicino alla persona che sta parlando
E.g.:
This table is very old. These girls here are very nice!
That/those
= lontano dalla persona che sta parlando
E.g.:
That chair there belongs to my grandparents Those chairs are extremely expensive!
Wow, this is really old! These are my shoes.
That is a nice car Those are really cheap!
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 7
Articles Complete the following sentences with a / an/ the or nothing:
a. b. c. d. e.
I don’t like ______ cheese but I love _____milk I always have _____ biscuit and _____ cup of tea in the morning I usually buy _____ paper and _____ magazine on my way to work My parents have_____cat and three fish. _____ cat always tries to eat _____ fish There are three cars in the car park, _____ red one, _____ blue one and _____ green one. _____ blue one is mine. f. We live in _____ big, old house near the church. It’s nice because _____ garden is beautiful. g. Would you like _____ apple? h. i. j. k. l. m. n.
Can you close _____ door, please? _____ weather is wonderful, shall we sit in _____ garden? _____ eating in the garden is so nice. “_____ money can’t buy _____ happiness” “_____ love makes the world go round” _____ smoking is bad for you! We went for _____ meal in _____ restaurant last night. _____ service was great.
Translate t he following into E nglish:
Ti piacciono i bambini? ............................................................................................................................. Ti piacciono gli animali? ............................................................................................................................. " dove sono i bambini?" "a scuola" ............................................................................................................................. L'inglese è molto diverso dall'italiano ............................................................................................................................. Mia madre fa il medico. Lavoro in ospedale. ............................................................................................................................. La prima colazione è un pasto molto importante in Gran Bretagna ............................................................................................................................. Hai mai visto il castello di Windsor? Have you ever seen ................................................................................................. I cani e i cavalli sono molto intelligenti ............................................................................................................................. "Che cosa'è quel vecchio edificio?" "L'università" .............................................................................................................................
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 8
8
IL PRESENTE SEMPLICE DEI VERBI AUSILIARI
Verb to be (essere)
Affermative
Negative
Interrogative
short answers
I am (I’m)
I am not (I’m not)
Am I?
you are (you’re)
You are not (you’re not)
Are you?
he is (he’s)
He is not (he isn’t)
Is he?
she is (she’s)
She is not (she isn’t)
Is she?
it is (it’s)
it is not (it isn’t)
Is it?
we are (we’re)
we are not (we aren’t)
Are we?
you are (you’re)
you are not (you aren’t)
Are you?
they are (they’re)
they are not (they aren’t)
Are they?
Yes, you are No, you aren’t Yes, I am No, I’m not Yes, he is No, he isn’t Yes, she is No, she isn’t Yes, it is No, it isn’t Yes, we are No, we aren’t Yes, we are No, we aren’t Yes, they are No, they aren’t
E.g.:
I’m from Manchester. He isn’t a student.
You’re very tall! She isn’t married.
We’re Italian. Are they actors? Yes , they are.
Verb to have got (avere)
Affermative
Negative
Interrogative
short answers
I have (I’ve) got
I have not (I haven’t) got
Have I got?
you have (you’ve) got
you have not (you haven’t) got
Have you got?
he has (he’s) got
he has not (he hasn’t) got
Has he got?
she has (she’s) got
she has not (she hasn’t) got
Has she got?
it has (it’s) got
it has not (it hasn’t) got
Has it got?
we have (we’ve) got
we have not (we haven’t) got
Have we got?
you have (you’ve) got
you have not (you haven’t) got
Have you got?
they have (they’ve) got
they have not (they haven’t) got
Have they got?
Yes, you have No, you haven’t Yes, I have No, I haven’t Yes, he has No, he hasn’t Yes, she has No, she hasn’t Yes, it has No, it hasn’t Yes, we have No, we haven’t Yes, we have No, we haven’t Yes, they have No, they haven’t
E.g.:
I’ve got a computer. We’ve got a nice flat. They haven’t got a dog.
She’s got blonde hair. You haven’t got much time. Have you got a bike? No, I haven’t.
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 9
THE PRESENT SIMPLE OF AUXILIARY VERBS Complete the following sentences with the verb to be:
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i.
I _____ Italian; I _____ Japanese. She _____ French, she is from Paris. They _____ from Spain, they don’t speak Spanish. We _____ married, we _____single! It _____ very heavy, be careful! She _____ really pretty. Silvia and her husband _____ German. They come to Italy every year. My mother _____ always tired, she works so hard. Yoga _____ a w onderful sport for your body and mind.
j. k. l.
Italian wine _____ famous in the whole world. English_____ a difficult language to learn. These exercises _____ very difficult.
Complete the following questions and answer them:
a) Are
you Italian?
Yes, I am
b) _____you married? c) _____ your teacher English? d) _____ your parents from Piedmont? e) _____ you tall? f)
_____ Julia Roberts pretty?
g) _____ it hot today? h) _____ your classmates doing this exercise? i) _____ your house new? j) _____ your job interesting?
Re write these sentences:
a) Bob's got a new dog. Negative .................................................................................................. b) I've got blonde hair. Negative .................................................................................................. c) You've got a test tomorrow. Question .................................................................................................. d) Sarah hasn't got a brother. Question .................................................................................................. e) Have we got a lesson next week? Negative .................................................................................................. f) She has got the best English dictionary Question ..................................................................................................
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 10
9
IL PRESENTE SEMPLICE DEI VERBI ORDINARI
Verb to go (andare)
Affermative
Negative
Interrogative
short answers
I go
I don’t go
Do I go?
You go
You don’t go
Do you go?
he goes
He doesn’t go
Does he go?
She goes
She doesn’t go
Does she go?
it goes
it doesn’t go
Does it go?
we go
We don’t go
Do we go?
you go
You don’t go
Do you go?
they go
They don’t go
Do they go?
Yes, you do No, you don’t Yes, I do No, I don’t Yes, he does No, he doesn’t Yes, she does No, she doesn’t Yes, it does No, it doesn’t Yes, we do No, we don’t Yes, we do No, we don’t Yes, they do No, they don’t
E.g.:
I go to a language school. He goes out every Friday night.
You don’t go to Italy, do you? Does she go to school by car?
Verb to like (piacere)
Affermative
Negative
Interrogative
Short answers
I like (=mi piace)
I don’t like
Do I like?
you like
you don’t like
Do you like?
he likes
he doesn’t like
Does he like?
she likes
she doesn’t like
Does she like?
it likes
it is doesn’t like
Does it like?
we like
we don’t like
Do we like?
you like
you don’t like
Do you like?
they like
they don’t like
Do they like?
Yes, you do No, you don’t Yes, I do No, I don’t Yes, he does No, he doesn’t Yes, she does No, she doesn’t Yes, it does No, it doesn’t Yes, we do No, we don’t Yes, we do No, we don’t Yes, they do No, they don’t
E.g.:
I like your sweater! They like horror movies.
Jennifer doesn’t like swimming* Does he like surfing?
*NOTA. Dopo il verbo LIKE, il verbo seguente richiede sempre la –ing form
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 11
THE PRESENT SIMPLE Re write these sentences in the negative:
a) Jane has a new car. ................................................................................................................................ b) I play golf. ................................................................................................................................ c) You have a test tomorrow. ................................................................................................................................ d) Paul has a sister. ................................................................................................................................ e) We like roast beef and Yorkshire pudding. ................................................................................................................................ f) I get up early on Sunday. ................................................................................................................................ g) I speak Spanish. ................................................................................................................................ h) She wears glasses. ................................................................................................................................ i) He knows everyone. (careful!) ................................................................................................................................ j) I understand. ................................................................................................................................ Answer these questions:
a) Do you speak English?
Yes, I do
b) Do you live in Alba? c) Does your teacher speak Italian? d) Do your parents come from Piedmont? e) Does your car need washing? f) Do you think t his exercise is easy? g) Do your friends play any sport? h) Do you like studying? i)
Do you wear glasses?
j)
Do you like your job?
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 12
10
IL GENITIVO SASSONE (FORMA POSSESSIVA)
Di norma il genitivo sassone si applica alle persone, ai gruppi di persone (compresi gli stati) e agli animali per mostrare la loro relazione con qualcosa o qualcuno. La relazione di possesso è soltanto uno degli aspetti che il genitivo sassone descrive. Si forma mettendo al primo posto della frase il soggetto (A), aggiungendo poi un ’ s e l’oggetto o la persona in relazione con il soggetto.
E.g.:
The house of Mary =
Mary’s house ATTENZIONE! Davanti a un nome proprio o a un agettivo possessivo non si mette mai l’articolo
E.g.:
The Mary’s house
The my father’s glasses
ERRORE!
Il possessore puo’ essere soltanto una persona, un insieme di persone (un gruppo o uno stato) oppure un’espressione di tempo (quale ieri, oggi, domani, una data, l’anno scorso..)
E.g.:
Mary’s house India’s army France’s population Yesterday’s talk show Tomorrow ’s weather forecast 1789’s revolution Last year’s fashion Your car seats
NON
Your car’s seats ERRORE!
(car non è una persona, un insieme di persone o un’espressione di tempo!)
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 13
Se devo applicare la regola a un nome plurale che termina in –s , devo mettere soltanto l’apostrofo e non la “s”: E.g.:
The girls’ bikes.
NON
The girls’s bikes ERRORE!
Se il plurale è irregolare, metto ’s
E.g.:
The children’s school.
Richiedono il genitivo sassone anche alcune frasi fatte e alcuni negozi, chiese, ristoranti: frasi fatte
negozi
For heaven’s sake A stone’s throw from… A pound’s worth of stamps
the butcher’s the florist’s the dentist’s the jeweller’s the doctor’s the optician’s the vet’s Harrod’s Macy’s
chiese
Saint Peter’s Saint Paul’s cathedral
Il genitivo sassone si usa anche per indicare la casa di una persona: E.g.: I’m going to Giorgio’s to do my homework ( Giorgio’s = la casa di Giorgio)
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 14
ristoranti
Mc Donald’s Luigi’s
THE SAXON GENITIVE Rewrite the following sentences using the saxon genitive:
a) Gabriella is a friend of my sister's Gabriella is............................................................................................................... b) These trousers belong to Jack These are ................................................................................................................ c) This dog is the policeman's This is .................................................................................................................... d) What are your teachers called? What are ................................................................................................................ e) This field is the farmer's This is ..................................................................................................................... f) These shoes belong to my father These are ................................................................................................................ g) She is assistant to the manager She is .................................................................................................................... h) The name of my brother's wife is Silvie My brother's ............................................................................................................. i) This bike is Jane's This is .................................................................................................................... j) Those book belong to the students They're .................................................................................................................... My Family
My name is Susan, I am very lucky to have a big family. My brother's name's Jack and my sisters' names are Emma and Sara. My mother and father's names are Sylvia and David. My mother has three brothers, so I have three uncles. Their names are Philip, Joe and Luke. Luke is married to are a beautiful girl,My heraunts' names Marie.are They haveand twoPolly daughters, their names Aurelie French and Anne. names Babara they are my father's sisters. Now write about your family, using the saxon genitive:
............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 15
11
IL VERBO MODALE CAN
Il verbo modale CAN si usa per esprimere:
CAPACITA’, ABILITA’
E.g.:
RICHIESTE
E.g.:
I can speak English. Can you use a computer? Yes, I can/No, I can’t (cannot).
Can you turn on the TV? Yes, sure. Can you repeat that, please? Ok.
PERMESSO
E.g.:
Can I put a poster on this wall? You can/can’t go out this evening.
La coniugazione del verbo CAN è uguale per tutte le persone: E.g.:
I can you can he/she/it can we can you can they can
Per costruire la forma negativa è sufficiente aggiungere ’t (contrazione di not ): E.g.:
I can’t you can’t he/she/it can’t we can’t you can’t they can’t
NOTA. Il verbo che segue can non richiede il to dell’infinito E.g.:
You can go home now
NON
You can to go home now ERRORE!
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 16
MODAL VERB: CAN Answer the following questions:
Can you swim?
Yes, I can / No, I can't
Can your mother speak English? Can you paint? What can you cook? Can your friends speak the Piemontese dialect? Can you ride a horse? Can you dance? Can she ride a bike? What can you see from your desk? Can you finish this exercise?
Write ten questions to ask your partner using CAN:
.......................................................... ?
“Yes, I can / No, I can't”
.......................................................... ? .......................................................... ? .......................................................... ? .......................................................... ? .......................................................... ? .......................................................... ? .......................................................... ? .......................................................... ? .......................................................... ?
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 17
12
PRONOMI PERSONALI OGGETTO
Me You Him Her It Us You
Give me that pen. This is for you, John. Take him home, please. Can you see her? Take it! Come with us. I’ll give you a second chance…
Them
She loves them.
13 E.g.:
I I I I
AVVERBI DI INTENSITA’
like reggae music very much ! like rock music a lot don’t like soul music very much… don’t like pop music at all!
14
(+++) (++) (-) (---)
SOME, ANY, NO; HOW MUCH, HOW MANY
❏
Some/any Affermative
There are some apples in the kitchen There’s some milk in the fridge
Negative
There aren’t any glasses There isn’t any information on that particular castle There are no apples in the basket
Interrogative
Are there any books on the table? Is there any news?
You should also note that in English double negatives do not exist. Two negatives make a positive. E.g. Instead of I don’t know nothing. You must say- I don’t know anything ❏
How much/How many
Countable nouns
How many apples are there?
Uncountable nouns
How much information is there?
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 18
PERSONAL OBJECT PRONOUNS Complete these sentences with the correct personal object pronouns:
a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h)
This is Silvie's bag, give it to her . These are Jack's books, give _____ to _____. Tell _____ the answer! We don't k now it! Give _____ your jacket and I can put _ ____ away. I usually see _____ at the market, she always says hello to me. My parents are great, I love _____. Sharon Stone is a good actress and she's beautiful, I really like _____. The teacher always shouts at _____ when we talk too much.
INTENSITY ADVERBS Complete these sentences with your personal tastes:
a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h)
I like _________ very much I don't like _________ at all I _________ cheese I _________ white wine I love _________ I don't like _________ very much I like _________ very much I _________ horse riding NOTE: I LIKE WINE AND BEER (positive AND Positive) I DON'T LIKE MEAT OR FISH (negative OR negative) I LIKE TEA BUT I DON'T LIKE COFFEE (Positive BUT negative)
Complete the following sentences with AND/ OR/ BUT: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h)
I don't like skiing ______ running very much I like swimming ______ sitting on the beach I don't like skiing ______ I love the snow I like animals ______ I don't like spiders I love chocolate ______ biscuits I don't like snakes______ lizards I like painting very much _____ I don't like woodwork I don't like Brussel sprouts at all ______ I love carrots
SOME, ANY, NO; HOW MUCH, HOW MANY Complete the following sentences:
We need to do the shopping. We have got ______ bread but we haven't got ______ milk or crackers. We have got ______ cheese and there are _____ apples in a basket on the table but there are no bananas at all. We need to buy ______ water and ______ Coca-Cola. ______ wine do we have? And ______ grapes are left? Is there ______ fruit juice? We can go together, ______ money do you have?
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 19
15 (100%)
(0%)
AVVERBI DI FREQUENZA
always Usually Often Sometimes never
I always have lunch at one o’clock. They usually get up at seven. George often goes shopping on Saturday. I am sometimes * too lazy.. She never has cereal for breakfast.
* NOTA. Gli avverbi di frequenza solitamente si mettono prima del verbo, ma sempre dopo il verbo ESSERE.
16 once twice
ESPRESSIONI DI FREQUENZA
We go dancing once a month I wash my hair twice a week
three times + a day/week/month/year.. They go on holiday three times a year (four times..) They go on holiday four times a year (five times…six times… seven times) etc
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 20
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY Re write the following sentences in the correct order:
a) Always/ clothes/ buys /Jane /new ............................................................................................................................. b) Play/ golf/ have/ I/ never/ time / to ............................................................................................................................. c) you/ do/ always/ photos / a lot/ take / o f / holiday / on / ? ............................................................................................................................. d) Go / dancing / usually / evening / friday/ we / o n ............................................................................................................................. e) Usually/ we/ roast / have/ Sundays/ beef / on ............................................................................................................................. f) I/ get/ always / up/ on / early/ Sundays ............................................................................................................................. g) I/ speak /Spanish/ often/ friend / my / with / Rosa ............................................................................................................................. h) She/ forgets /glasses/ always/ her ............................................................................................................................. i) Usually / go /we/ France/ holiday / to / on ............................................................................................................................. j) I / homework / always / my / do/ ! .............................................................................................................................
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 21
17
PREPOSIZIONI
Preposizioni di tempo: at, in, on
At at at at at at at at at at at
In 9 o’clock 11.30 breakfast lunch dinner break the weekend Easter Christmas noon/midnight
in in in in in
on the morning/evening January 1998 (the) summer the 19 th century
on on on on
Monday 1st September Christmas day your birthday
AT = a specific time IN = a period of time ON = a specific day
Preposizioni di luogo
in
E.g.:
on
under
between
behind
in front of
next to
near
above
opposite
The letter is on the table. The bus stop is in front of the post office. The car park is near the school. The cat is under the chair. Jack is behind the door. Look at the clouds above ! The Chemist’s is opposite the travel agency, next to the shoe shop.
Preposizioni di moto
into E.g.:
from
along
up
down
towards
across
through
Go down West India Road. Walk across the field. Drive through the tunnel. Put the cake into the oven. Stand up, please. Go towards the centre Go over the bridge. Look under the table. Go past the café and the school is on your left. Walk along Alameda Avenue for about 5 minutes. Where do you come from?
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 22
over
under
past
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Complete these sentences with the correct preposition :
a) b) c) d) e)
I usually go to the market _____ Saturdays I get up _____ 8am during the week _____ Sunday I get up late, _____ 10am _____ lunchtime I go to the bar with my friends for a sandwich _____ my birthday we usually have a party
f) _____ Easter we usually have a barbeque in the countryside _____ lunch and then play games g) _____ summer it gets darker later and so we stay out later too h) _____ May the weather is usually good and _____ the evenings it's warm enough to eat outside
PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE
Label each of the following words with a number 1 - 10:
OPPOSITE IN FRONT OF NEXT TO NEAR
1
2
3
BEHIND IN BETWEEN
4
5
ON ABOVE UNDER
6
7
8
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 23
9
10
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Cassell's Students' English Grammar by Jake Allsop
English Grammar in Use, with Answers by Raymond Murphy
Grammar Spectrum for Italian Students (+CD-ROM) by N. Coe, A. Amendolagine with K. Pateson and M. Harrison
How English Works: A Grammar Practice Book With key by Michael Swan and Catherine Walter
This Booklet was designed as a short, non-commercial grammar summary for our Italian students who are studying English. We used the grammar books in the bibliography to help put this guide together and suggest you consult them for more in depth grammar explanations. Thank you to all who contributed to the creation and use of this guide, we look forward to receiving your comments and corrections. Enjoy your studying!
English Grammar Notes & Exercises – Part 1 24