Resonance of a Closed Air Column

RESONANCE OF A CLOSED AIR COLUMN EXPERIMENT 12 c c c c c c c c cc c c cc

c c c c

c c c c c c

c

c c

c c

Ô ccÔÔc Discussion_____________________________________________________________ 2 c Theory ________________________________________________________________ 2 Equipment ____________________________________________________________ 4 Experimental Procedure _________________________________________________ 4 Experimental Procedure _________________________________________________ 4

cc cÔ c cc c cc c cc

Calculations ___________________________________________________________ 6 c c ccc c!" # cc$c c c # c % c!" # c c & 'cc$c " c c (c c (c c$c c c cc c c cÔ cc$c

Analysis_______________________________________________________________ 8 c c c c % c cc cc)c

Conclusion ____________________________________________________________ 8 Questions _____________________________________________________________ 9 References ____________________________________________________________ 9

c

c

c

c c

c

*+ *c Ôc c c c c c !c ccc"#$c cc c"#%c & c"#cc c cc c cc c c# c c c ' c cc# c c$ c$c $cc c(cc c c) c c& c %c *%cc c+ cc"cccc#c cc c+ %c cc"$c c c c c+ c)&$c c%c,- *%c c . #cc c cc c c#c c+ c" cc c cc c c"#$c$cc c c c"cc$#c c $%c/cc $c (c ccc c+ cccc cc # c cc $c (c"c ccc ccc+ cc"c ccc c c# %cc c 0 ccc c#c c"cc c c c c cc c"#c cc $c (c cc c"#c ccc %c1c $c c c cc# c cc"#c c cc cc+ c #234%cc c Ô, -c c c"#c c c c"cc $c (ccc #cc c c

cc ccc c c "c c c c"cc c "cc cc

%ccc cc cc c cccc c"cc ccccc %c/cc $c (cc c #cc c $ c cc cc cc c cc#c c c cc c"#%cc$c "#cc c"ccc cc c cc c"#c "cc $cc ccc $5c cc c c c c c $c c $ c c"#cccc $ c $cc $c %cc Ôc c c" cc$c"#cc c cc c"cc

"#ccc cc c %cc c Ôc c$c cc c c ccc$#c+ ccc cc cccc+ c cc "#$c c62 73%cÔcc c c cc"#$ccc c c c c c c c c ccc c"c ccc $c (5c+ %c& #c c$c c c c"cc c$ccc c c c + c"#$c $c62 73c ,73c73cc c c)c8$ c *%cc

uc

c c

62 73cccccccccc62,73c

8$ c %c&$c"#c c62 73cc 62,73c #c"c $c 9 c%cc c c+ c c6237c"c 2 c,cc:cc3276%c/c#234c c c c2#76c"c2 c,cccc c

%cc c2#76cccc2 c,cc:%%ccc) *c c c c" ccc cccc c

c cccc c c ;c #cc6c"c ;c cc+ c c c c# cc c#ccc # c c cccc cc6ccc$c cc c ccc%c c 9 c"#$c$cc cc c c"cc$c

ccc c c"cc - c+ cc%cc

#c"c c c c $cc ccc c c cc"ccc c c c$cccc c %cÔc$c

ccc c c c c c c$c c$c"c cc c %cc cc c "c cc"cc ccc

cc cc cc c cc

c

c"c cc"cc cc cc cc cc c %c Ôc c+ c c cc c c cc "c+ c"c$c + ccc # %c c Ôc$c cc c c c c"cc cc $cc 37c"c + c c c3c cc + c62ßß-c"c2c cc,cc %cc c 62ßß-cc2c cc,:ccccccccccccccccccccc)*c c Ôc+ c ccc2< c )"ccccc # cccccc # ccccc *c c c c c cc ccc c c %cÔ cc"#$c cc "#ccc c ccc cc c c cc c324 %cc c 324 ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc),*c c c"cc"#$c cc+ c c cc( "cc # c c ccc c cc cc+ c %cc c 234cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc)7*c ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc Ôc c "ccc

c cc cc$#c cc + c ß ß cc)"c cccc $c. *c ccc c cc cc c%c c ß ßß ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc)*c

c c8 c cc

c c c ßccc c cc,7,cc c,7c ,7c %cc c

c

c

.+*/Ôc Ôcc ccc c cc cc =c" c# cc c c"cc =cc $c c c cc+ cc c!c 7c!cc 7>c!=cc c=cc

c =cc$c# =ccc"%c c

0*/Ô c +c Setting up the resonance tube "ccc cc ccccc "c cc c cccc $c (c"cc c c c #cc cc ccc %cÔc$c cc"c c"c c' c c $cc$c cc "c# c %c/cc$c cc "c c"c' cc c c cc"cc$c c c"c c c c#%cc c /c $$cc$c cc "c cc"c c cc (cc $c (c"cccc

c ccc# %cc"c c c c c c c"c cc$c# %cÔc c cc "c c"cc c c "cc"c cc2 cc,cc c ccc$cc c"cc ccc c %cc c & c c"cc c# c $c#cc c c( "c c # ccc c+ cc c cc+ cc+ c $c# ccc%cÔ c c cc $c # c"c c %cÔc c"cc c c 7c!ccc7>c!c $c (%c

c c c c"cc c $c cc$cc8$ cc c $cc c c)"c c # c(*c cc c cc# c c c c c cc cc $cc $c c cc c c cc"c# c cc "c c cc c# c c c ccc %cÔc

c c

ccc"cc $cc cc"c ccc?.%

c 8$ c%c0 c c)0 c

c%c *%c c Finding points of resonance Ôc$c c c"cc c"cc"%cc c!c $c (c c c c c c c

Ô $c8 (c c Ô $c8 (cc 8+ cc 8+ cc ) *2 c!c ) *2 7c!c 0 cc cc 0 c c )*c ) *c )*c ) *c

c

c c ,c c c c c c c c c

c 7@c > c c c c c c c c c

c c ,c 7c c Ac c c c c c

c 7c 7 c c 7c @ c c c c c c

Ô $c8 (c,c 8+ cc ) *27>c!c 0 c c )*c ) *c

c c ,c 7c c Ac c >c @c

c

c

,c

c c >c ,c 7c ,c Ac c >c >c

c Ô c %c0 c cÔ $c8 (cc c!c 7c!cc7>c!c"cc

c c cc?.%c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c

c

c

J

c

r

c

+ Ô* c c c

xraphing the data c c$ cc cc c $c (c"c c $c %cÔc$c ccc "c"cc c c cc c cccc c ccc + c %cc c cc$c c$c# cc+ c c cc c c"c c cc $c (cc c!c 7c!cc7>c!%cc$ ccc c"cc c c

cc $c (cc c!c 7c!cc7>c!c)c8$ c,*%cc c

c 8$ c,%c cc ccc c cc c!c 7c!cc7>c!% c

c

c c

Determing wavelength 8 cc c ccc c c + cc"#$c"cc $cc+ c3 ßß ß!%c c / (cc c 324,,%c c 32AAc c c Ô c%cB$cc"#$c c c $cc c cc%c c 8+ c /#$cc c)!*c

c& c) *c c!c 3cAAc c

>c!c 3c,,%7>c c 7>c!c 3 A%@ c c

8+ c C cc c)!*c ) *c c c!c '(ß"#)c

>c!c * ß"#)c 7>c!c ß"#)c Ô c,%cB$cc"#$c c c $cc c cc%c c " c c (c c (c c Ôcc c c"cc #c c + ß+ ß ß c cc"cc+ c ß#)ß)cÔ c7*%c c / (cc "# '( ß#)c '(ßß#)c 8+ c)!*c

Determining the relationship between wave speed and frequency Ôc c "ccc cc "#ccc+ c"cc $c c"#$c c c ccÔ ccc c+ c c)cÔ c,*%cc c / (cc c ß"# $ ß%&c "# c '( c c c c c c c c c c c c c

c!c

>c!c 7>c!c

C cc )*c '(c ß#)c * ßc #)c ßc #)c

Ô c7%c. #$c c c c%c c

Determinging the speed of sound from room temperature c Ôcc c c"cc $c c c ccc

c"cc c"c c cc+ c ‫ݒ‬௦ ß,- c)c" (c+ *%c c / (c+ c ‫ݒ‬௦ c?.c ‫ݒ‬௦ ß#)c c c c c c

Î

c

- * c c Determining the percent difference of the speed of sound Ôc c c ccc c c c c ccc# c"cc 012345675 c $cc+ c`ß./ c)cÔ cA*%c 45675 c / (cc c '(ß#) 8 ß#) `ß./ c ß#) `ß./ 8 $(c c c 8+ c `ß./c c c)!*c c c!c 8 $(c c

>c!c c 8 c c 7>c!c <*$c c Ô cA%cB$cc c c ccc c % c +* c cc c "cc c( "$cc+ c cc $c (ccc c c"cc c ccc c c cc c%Ôcc c c cc $c (ccc + c c c!c >c!cc7>c!c"cc c c,,%@cc,7%>7ccc ,7A%,ccc

c %cc c cÔcc c c"cc c c"ccc#c c c c cc ( "cc c cc

c c c,7,%7c%cÔc c c"c$c cc + c c cc7>c!cc "c cc+ cc >c!%cÔc c c $c c$#c c c c #c c c$ $c cc "c c $cc+ c #%cc c & c c c cccc c c($c # cc cc c $c # ccc%c c c c c c c$c c c cc c c $c c c cc%c8 cc$c cc c c c#c c cc"c $cc $c (c #ccc cc' $ccc$c ccc %ccc c c c c

c c

.+Ô* c c

%c/ccc c(c c c cc cccc $c (cc c $c (cc c c"c%DEc c cc c c c

c ccc c cc c c cc c %cccc ccc# c c cc cc"#$Ec %c c c c c c c c cccc cc c‫ݒ‬௦ 9 :%cc c cc c cc c cc c c cc c cc c c c c c c c ccc c c c c c c c c c cc cc cc c c cc c c cccc c c c c c ,%cÔc cccc+ cc c$ccc ccc%c/ccc c + c cEcc c c c c cc c ccc c cc cccc c ccc cc cc c cc c c c c cc c c c c cc c c c c c ccc c c ccc cc c cc c c 7%ccc$ c "c" cc c#ccFc $Ec/c c8Ecc c c cc c cc cc c c cc cc c cc cc c c c c c 0 %c)

*%c0#c9 cc

c c"""% % c &1 A9Gc c &$c0 $%c) *%cx c c c %c9 c. c. cc . $%c c Ôc c c& %c)*%c0#c9 c c

c c $%" % Hc A cc c /c0 c c)*%c0#c9 c >c

c c %-c %$ % "# %% c c c c

ü

c c

c c c c c c

c c c

c

Resonance of a Closed Air Column

Recommend Documents