ZBKBHOB] RDHBZ XLB XGZOEE GDH MR]XAK] MAHB G$ ]BOPRZB GDH EAZEBOXRZB AE IAAH] GDH MAKKAHOXOB] 7$ ]BGZML # ]BOPRZB GDH GZZB]X ]bm$ ::67$ Aj}xzrmxoad ae ae Mr}xak} Vzbko}b}$ Da vbz}ad }lgcc aj}xzrmx g aj}xzrmx g mr}xaklar}b# ygzblar}b# aeeomb# ylgze# }xzbbx az axlbz vzbko}b} rdhbz xlb madxzac ae xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak}# az gd ae xlb gvvzagmlb} xa }rml lar}b az vzbko}b}$ ]bm$ ::6:$ ]vbmogc ]rzuboccgdmb eaz Vzaxbmxoad ae Mr}xak} Zbubdrb gdh Vzbubdxoad ae ]kriicodi$ Od azhbz xa vzbubdx xa vzbubdx }kriicodi gdh }kriicodi gdh xa }bmrzb xlb maccbmxoad ae xlb cbigc hrxob}# xg|b} gdh axlbz mlgzib}# mlgzib}# xlb mr}xak} }bzuomb }lgcc b|bzmo}b }rzuboccgdmb aubz xlb mag}x# jbioddodi ylbd g ub}}bc az gozmzgex bdxbz} Vlocovvodb xbzzoxaz gdh madmcrhodi ylbd xlb gzxomcb okvazxbh xlbzbod lg} jbbd cbigcc vg}}bh xlzaril xlb mr}xaklar}b$ ]bm$ ::6=$ Vbz}ad} Lguodi Vacomb Grxlazoxy$ Eaz xlb bdeazmbkbdx ae xlb mr}xak} gdh xgzoee cgy}# xlb eaccayodi vbz}ad} gzb grxlazopbh xa beebmx }bgzmlb}# }boprzb} gdh gzzb}x} makeazkgjc yoxl xlb vzauo}oad} ae }goh cgy}0 g$ Aeeomogc} ae xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak}# Mr}xak} # maccbmxaz}# g}}o}xgdx maccbmxaz}# hbvrx maccbmxaz}# }rzubaz}# }bmrzox gdh }bmzbx+}bzuomb gibdx}# od}vbmxaz}# vazx vgxzac aeeombz} gdh irgzh} ae xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak}$ j$ Aeeombz} ae xlb Vlocovvodb Dguy ylbd grxlazopbh j xlb Makko}}oadbz$ m$ Gd vbz}ad b}vbmogcc grxlazopbh od zoxodi jy xlb Makko}}oadbz $ h$ Aeeombz} ibdbzgccy bkvabzbh jy cg xa beebmx gzzb}x} gdh b|bmrxb vzamb}}b} ae marzx}# ylbd gmxodi rdhbz hozbmxoad ae xlb Maccbmxaz$ b$ Gd vbz}ad b}vbmogccy grxlazopbh jy g Maccbmxaz # }rj`bmx xa xlb zb}xzomxoad} }xgxbh od xlb db|x }rmmbbhodi }bmxoad$ Vbz}ad} b|bzmo}odi xlb vaybz} lbzbodgjaub madebzzbh }lgcc# od xlb b|bzmo}b xlbzbae# lgub xlb }gkb grxlazoxy# jb bdxoxcbh xa xlb vzavbz vzaxbmxoad# gdh }lgcc jb iaubzdbh jy xlb }gkb cg # dax odmad}o}xbdx yoxl xlb vzauo}oad} ae xlo} }bmxoad# g} axlbz aeeombz} b|bzmo}odi vacomb grxlazoxy od ibdbzgc$ ]bm$ ::68$ Vcgmb Ylbzb Grxlazoxy Kgy Jb B|bzmo}bh$ Vbz}ad} gmxodi rdhbz grxlazox madebzzbh vrz}rgdx xa }rj}bmxoad ,b/ ae xlb vzbmbhodi }bmxoad kg b|bzmo}b xlboz grxlazox *oxlod xlb cokox} ae xlb maccbmxoad ho}xzomx adcy gdh *od az rvad xlb vgzxomrcgz ub}}bc az gozmzgex# az *od xlb vgzxomrcgz vcgmb# az od zb}vbmx xa xlb vgzxomrcgz gzxomcb }vbmoeobh od xlb gvvaodxkbdx$ Gcc }rml gvvaodxkbdx} }lgcc jb od yzoxodi# gdh xlb azoiodgc }lgcc jb eocbh od xlb mr}xaklar}b ae xlb ho}xzomx ylbzb kghb$ Gcc axlbz vbz}ad} b|bzmo}odi xlb vaybz} lbzbodgjaub madebzzbh kg b|bzmo}b xlb }gkb gx gd vcgmb oxlod xlb `rzo}homxoad ae xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak}$ ]bm$ ::62$ B|bzmo}b ae Vabz ae ]boprzb gdh Gzzb}x$ Ox }lgcc jb yoxlod xlb vaybz ae g mr}xak} aeeomogc az vbz}ad grxlazo pbh g} geazb}goh# gdh ox }lgcc jb lo} hrx# xa kgnb}boprzb kgnb }boprzb ae gd ub}}bc# gozmzgex# mgzia# gzxomcb}# gdokgc az axlbz kaugjcb vzavbzxy ylbd vzavbzxy ylbd xlb }gkb o} }rj`bmx xa eazeboxrzb az cogjcb eaz gd eodb okva}bh rdhbz mr}xak} gdh xgzoee cgy}# gdh gc}a xa gzzb}x gd vbz}ad }rj`bmx xa gzzb}x eaz uoacgxoad ae gdy mr}xak} gdh xgzoee cg}# }rml vaybz xa jb b|bzmo}bh od madeazkox yoxl xlb cgy gdh xlb vzauo}oad} ae xlo} Mahb$ ]bm$ ::65$ Hrxy ae Aeeombz Aeeombz az Aeeomogc xa Ho}mca}b Aeeomogc Mlgzgmxbz$ Ox }lgcc jb xlb hrx ae gd vbz}ad b|bzmo}odi grxlazox g} geazb}goh# rvad jbodi wrb}xoadbh gx wrb}xoadbh gx xlb xokb ae xlb b|bzmo}b xlbzbae# xa kgnb ndad lo} aeeomogc mlgzgmxbz g} mlgzgmxbz g} gd aeeombz az aeeomogc ae xlb Iaubzdkbdx# gdh oe lo} grxlazox o} hbzoubh ezak }vbmogc grxlazopgxoad od yzoxodi xa b|lojox xlb }gkb eaz od}vbmxoad# oe hbkgdhbh$
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ZBKBHOB] RDHBZ XLB XGZOEE GDH MR]XAK] MAHB :$ GHKODO]XZGXOUB VZAMBBHODI] ]bm$ :=67$ Ygzzgdx eaz Hbxbdxoad ae Vzavbzxy Jadh$ Rvad kgnodi gd }boprzb# xlb Maccbmxaz }lgcc o}}rb g ygzzgdx eaz xlb hbxbdxoad ae xlb vzavbzx> gdh oe xlb aydbz az okvazxbz hb}ozb} xa }bmrzb xlb zbcbg}b ae xlb vzavbzx eaz cbioxokgxb r}b# xlb Maccbmxaz kg }rzzbdhbz ox rvad xlb eocodi ae g }reeomobdx jadh# od gd gkardx xa jb eo|bh j lok# madhoxoadbh eaz xlb vgkbdx ae xlb gvvzgo}bh ugcrb ae xlb gzxomcb gdh!az gd eodb# b|vbd}b} gdh ma}x} yloml kg jb gh`rhibh od xlb mg}b0 Vzauohbh# Xlgx gzxomcb} xlb okvazxgxoad ae yloml o} vzalojoxbh j cgy }lgcc dax jb zbcbg}bh rdhbz jadh$ ]bm$ :=6:$ Zbvazx ae ]boprzb Xa Xa Makko}}oadbz gdh Grhoxaz$ Ylbd g }boprzb o} kghb eaz gd mgr}b# xlb Maccbmxaz ae xlb ho}xzomx ylbzbod xlb }boprzb o} beebmxbh }lgcc okkbhogxbc kgnb zbvazx xlbzbae xa xlb Makko}}oadbz gdh xa xlb Grhoxaz Ibdbzgc$ ]bm$ :=6=$ Daxoeomgxoad xa Adbz az Okvazxbz$ Xlb Maccbmxaz }lgcc ioub xlb aydbz az okvazxbz ae xlb vzavbzx az lo} gibdx g yzoxxbd daxomb ae xlb }boprzb gdh }lgcc ioub lok gd avvazxrdox xa jb lbgzh od zbebzbdmb xa xlb hbcodwrbdm yloml yg} xlb ammg}oad ae }rml }boprzb$ Eaz xlb vrzva}b ae iouodi }rml daxomb gdh ae gcc axlbz vzambbhodi} od xlb kgxxbz ae }rml }boprzb# xlb okvazxbz# mad}oidbb az vbz}ad lachodi xlb jocc ae cghodi }lgcc jb hbbkbh xa jb xlb aydbz ae xlb gzxomcb odmcrhbh od xlb jocc$ Eaz xlb }gkb vrzva}b# gibdx }lgcc jb hbbkbh xa odmcrhb dax adc gd gibdx od egmx ae xlb aydbz ae xlb }bopbh vzavbzx jrx gc}a gd vbz}ad lguodi zb}vad}ojcb va}}b}}oad ae xlb vzavbzx gx xlb ,ko}}odi/ ae xlb }boprzb# oe xlb aydbz az lo} gibdx od egmx o} rdndayd az mgddax jb zbgmlbh$ ]bm$ :=68$ Daxoeomgxoad xa Rdndad Adbz$ Daxomb xa gd rdndayd aydbz }lgcc jb beebmxbh j va}xodi g daxomb eaz eoexbbd hg} od xlb vrjcom mazzohaz ae xlb mr}xaklar}b ae xlb ho}xzomx od yloml xlb }boprzb yg} kghb# gdh# od xlb ho}mzbxoad ae xlb Makko}}oadbz# j vrjcomgxoad od g dby}vgvbz az j }rml axlbz kbgd} g} lb }lgcc mad}ohbz hb}ozgjcb$ ]bm$ :=62$ Hb}mzovxoad gdh Gvvzgo}gc gdh Mcg}}oeomgxoad ae ]bopbh ]bopbh Vzavbzxy$ Xlb Maccbmxaz }lgcc gc}a mgr}b g co}x gdh vgzxomrcgz hb}mzovxoad ae xlb vzavbzx }bopbh xa jb vzbvgzbh gdh gd gvvzgo}bkbdx az mcg}}oeomgxoad ae xlb }gkb gx ox} ylacb}gcb ugcrb od xlb camgc kgznbx od xlb r}rgc ylacb}gcb wrgdxoxob} xa jb kghb j gx cbg}x xya gvvzgo}odi aeeomogc}# oe xlbzb gzb }rml aeeomogc} gx az dbgz xlb vcgmb ae }boprzb> od xlb gj}bdmb ae }rml aeeomogc}# xlbd j xya makvbxbdx gdh ho}odxbzb}xbh moxopbd} ae xlb Vlocovvodb}# xa jb }bcbmxbh j lok eaz xlgx vrzva}b# zb}ohodi gx az dbgz xlb vcgmb ae }boprzb# yloml co}x gdh gvvzgo}bkbdx }lgcc jb vzavbzc gxxb}xbh xa j }rml Maccbmxaz gdh xlb vbz}ad} kgnodi xlb gvvzgo}gc$ ]bm$ :=65$ Vzambbhodi} od Mg}b ae Vzavbzxy Jbcadiodi xa Rdndad Vgzxob}$ Oe# yoxlod eoexbbd hg} gexbz xlb daxoeomgxoad vzb}mzojbh od }bmxoad xybdx+xlzbb lrdhzbh gdh earz ae xlo} Mahb# da aydbz az gibdx mgd jb eardh az gvvbgz} jbeazb xlb Maccbmxaz# xlb cgxxbz }lgcc hbmcgzb xlb vzavbzx eazeboxbh xa xlb iaubzdkbdx xa jb }ach gx grmxoad od gmmazhgdmb yoxl cgy$ ]bm$ :=69$ ]bxxcbkbdx ae Mg}b jy Vgykbdx ae Eodb az Zbhbkvxoad ae Eazeboxbh Vzavbzxy$ Vzavbzxy$ Oe# od gd }boprzb mg}b# xlb aydbz az gibdx }lgcc# ylocb xlb mg}b o} bx jbeazb xlb Maccbmxaz ae xlb ho}xzomx ae }boprzb# vg xa }rml Maccb mxaz xlb eodb okva}bh j lok az# od mg}b ae eazeboxrzb# }lgcc vg xlb gvvzgo}bh ugcrb ae xlb vzavbzx# az# oe gexbz gvvbgc ae xlb mg}b# lb }lgcc vg xa xlb Makko}}oadbz xlb gkardx ae xlb eodb g} eodgcc hbxbzkodbh j lok# az# od mg}b ae eazeboxrzb# }lgcc vg xlb gvvzgo}bh ugcrb ae xlb vzavbzx# }rml vzavbzx }lgcc jb eazxlyoxl }rzzbdhbzbh# gdh gcc cogjocox yloml kg az koilx gxxgml xa xlb vzavbzx j uozxrb ae xlb aeebd}b yloml yg} xlb ammg}oad ae xlb }boprzb gdh gcc cogjocox yloml koilx lgub jbbd odmrzzbh rdhbz gd jadh ioubd j xlb aydbz az gibdx od zb}vbmx xa }rml vzavbzx }lgcc xlbzbrvad jb hbbkbh xa jb ho}mlgzibh$
: Zbhbkvxoad ae eazeboxbh vzavbzx }lgcc dax jb gccaybh od gd mg}b ylbzb xlb okvazxgxoad o} gj}acrxbc vzalojoxbh az ylbzb xlb }rzzbdhbz ae xlb vzavbzx xa xlb vbz}ad aeebzodi xa zbhbbk xlb }gkb yarch jb madxzgz xa cgy$ ]bm$ :=6<$ Vzaxb}x gdh Vgykbdx rvad Vzaxb}x od Mouoc Kgxxbz}$ Ylbd g zrcodi az hbmo}oad ae xlb Maccbmxaz o} kghb ylbzbj cogjocox eaz hrxob}# ebb}# az axlbz kadb mlgzib o} hbxbzkodbh# b|mbvx xlb eo|odi ae eodb} od }bo przb mg}b}# xlb vgzx ghubz}bc geebmxbh kg v zaxb}x }rml zrcodi az hbmo}oad j vzb}bdxodi xa xlb Maccbmxaz gx xlb xokb ylbd vgkbdx ae xlb gkardx mcgokbh xa jb hrb xlb Iaubzdkbdx o} kghb# a z yoxlod xlozx hg} xlbzbgexbz# g yzoxxbd vzaxb}x }bxxodi eazxl lo} aj`bmxoad} xa xlb zrcodi az hbmo}oad od wrb}xoad# xaibxlbz yoxl xlb zbg}ad} xlbzbeaz$ Da vzaxb}x }lgcc jb mad}ohbzbh rdcb}} vgkbdx ae xlb gkardx hrb gexbz eodgc cowrohgxoad lg} eoz}x jbbd kghb$ ]bm$ :=6?$ Vzaxb}x B|mcr}oub Zbkbhy od Vzaxb}xgjcb Mg}b$ Od gcc mg}b} }rj`bmx xa vzaxb}x# xlb odxbzb}xbh vgzx yla hb}ozb} xa lgub xlb gmxoad ae xlb Maccbmxaz zbuobybh# }lgcc kgnb g vzaxb}x# axlbzyo}b# xlb gmxoad ae xlb Maccbmxaz }lgcc jb eodgc gdh madmcr}oub gigod}x lok# b|mbvx g} xa kgxxbz} mazzbmxojcb eaz kgdoeb}x bzzaz od xlb kgddbz vzb}mzojbh od }bmxoad adb xlar}gdh }bubd lrdhzbh gdh }bubd lbzbae$ ]bm$ :=76$ Eazk gdh ]mavb ]mavb ae Vzaxb}x$ Bubz vzaxb}x }lgcc jb eocbh od gmmazhgdmb yoxl xlb vzb}mzojbh zrcb} gdh zbircgxoad} vzakrcigxbh rdhbz xlo} }bmxoad gdh }lgcc vaodx arx xlb vgzxomrcgz hbmo}oad az zrcodi ae xlb Maccbmxaz xa yloml b|mbvxoad o} xgnbd az aj`bmxoad kghb# gdh }lgcc odhomgxb yoxl zbg}adgjcb vzbmo}oad xlb vgzxomrcgz izardh az izardh} rvad yloml xlb vzaxb}xodi vgzx jg}b} lo} mcgok eaz zbcobe$ Xlb }mavb ae g vzaxb}x }lgcc jb cokoxbh xa xlb }rj`bmx kgxxbz ae g }odicb gh`r}xkbdx az axlbz odhbvbdhbdx xzgd}gmxoad> jrx gd drkjbz ae o}}rb kg jb zgo}bh od g vzaxb}x yoxl zbebzbdmb xa xlb vgzxomrcgz oxbk az oxbk} mad}xoxrxodi xlb }rj`bmx kgxxbz ae xlb vzaxb}x$ ]odicb gh`r}xkbdx# g} lbzbodgjaub r}bh# zbebz} xa xlb bdxozb madxbdx ae adb cowrohgxoad# odmcrhodi gcc hrxob}# ebb}# }rzmlgzib} az eodb} odmohbdx xlbzbxa$ ]bm$ :=77$ ]gkvcb} xa jb Erzdo}lbh jy Vzaxb}xodi Vgzxob}$ Oe xlb dgxrzb ae xlb gzxomcb} vbzkox# okvazxbz} eocodi vzaxb}x} oduacuodi wrb}xoad} ae egmx kr}x# rvad hbkgdh# }rvvc xlb Maccbmxaz yoxl }gkvcb} ae xlb gzxomcb} yloml gzb xlb }rj`bmx kgxxbz ae xlb vzaxb}x}$ ]rml }gkvcb} }lgcc jb ubzoeobh j xlb mr}xak aeeomogc yla kghb xlb mcg}}oeomgxoad gigod}x yloml xlb vzaxb}x gzb eocbh$ ]bm$ :=7:$ Hbmo}oad az Gmxoad jy Maccbmxaz od Vzaxb}x gdh ]boprzb Mg}b}$ Ylbd g vzaxb}x od vzavbz eazk o} vzb}bdxbh od g mg}b ylbzb vzaxb}x od zbwrozbh# xlb Maccbmxaz }lgcc zbb|gkodb xlb kgxxbz xlr} vzb}bdxbh# gdh oe xlb vzaxb}x o} }r}xgodbh# od ylacb az od vgzx# lb }lgcc bdxbz xlb gvvzavzogxb azhbz# xlb bdxz zbcowrohgxbh oe dbmb}}gz$ Od }boprzb mg}b}# xlb Maccbmxaz# gexbz g lbgzodi# }lgcc od yzoxodi kgnb g hbmcgzgxoad ae eazeboxrzb az eo| xlb gkardx ae xlb eodb a z xgnb }rml axlbz gmxoad g} kg jb vzavbz$ ]bm$ :=7=$ Zbuob jy Makko}}oadbz$ Xlb vbz}ad giizobubh j xlb hbmo}oad az gmxoad ae xlb Maccbmxaz od gd kgxxbz vzb}bdxbh rvad vzaxb}x az j lo} gmxoad od gd mg}b ae }boprzb kg# yoxlod eoexbbd hg} gexbz daxoeomgxoad od yzoxodi j xlb Maccbmxaz ae lo} gmxoad az hbmo}oad# ioub yzoxxbd daxomb xa xlb Maccbmxaz ae lo} hb}ozb xa lgub xlb kgxxbz zbuobybh j xlb Makko}}oadbz$ Xlbzbrvad xlb Maccbmxaz }lgcc eazxlyoxl xzgd}kox gcc xlb zbmazh} ae xlb vzambbhodi} xa xlb Makko}}oadbz# yla }lgcc gvvzaub# kahoe az zbubz}b xlb gmxoad az hbmo}oad ae xlb Maccbmxaz gdh xgnb }rml }xbv} gdh kgnb }rml azhbz} g} kg jb dbmb}}gz xa ioub beebmx xa lo} hbmo}oad$
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ZBKBHOB] RDHBZ XLB XGZOEE GDH MR]XAK] MAHB ]bm$ :=78$ Daxomb ae Hbmo}oad ae Makko}}oadbz$ Daxomb ae xlb hbmo}oad ae xlb Makko}}oadbz }lgcc jb ioubd xa xlb vgzx j ylak xlb mg}b yg} jzarilx jbeazb lok eaz zbuoby# gdh od }boprzb mg}b} }rml daxomb }lgcc jb beebmxbh j vbz}adgc }bzuomb oe vzgmxomgjcb$ ]bm$ :=72$ ]rvbzuo}azy Grxlazoxy ae Makko}}oadbz Makko}}oadbz Gdh ae Hbvgzxkbdx Lbgh od Mbzxgod Mg}b}$ Oe od gd mg}b oduacuodi xlb g}}b}}kbdx ae hrxob} xlb okvazxbz }lgcc egoc xa vzaxb}x xlb zrcodi ae xlb Maccbmxaz# gdh xlb Makko}}oadbz }lgcc jb ae xlb avodoad xlgx xlb zrcodi yg} bzzadbar} gdh rdeguazgjcb xa xlb Iaubzdkbdx# xlb cgxxbz kg azhbz g zbcowrohgxoad> gdh oe xlb zrcodi ae xlb Makko}}oadbz od gd rdvzaxb}xbh mg}b }larch# od xlb avodoad ae xlb hbvgzxkbdx lbgh# jb bzzadbar} gdh rdeguazgjcb xa xlb Iaubzdkbdx# xlb hbvgzxkbdx lbgh kg zbwrozb xlb Makko}}oadbz xa azhbz g zbcowrohgxoad$ B|mbvx g} od xlb vzbmbhodi vgzgizgvl vzauohbh# xlb }rvbzuo}az grxlazox ae xlb hbvgzxkbdx lbgh aubz xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak} }lgcc dax b|xbdh xa xlb ghkodo}xzgxoub zbuoby ae xlb zrcodi ae xlb Makko}}oadbz od kgxxbz} gvvbgcbh xa xlb Marzx ae Xg| Gvvbgc}$
Mr}xak} Ghkodo}xzgxoub Azhbz Da$ 76+:669 ,Daubkjbz :<# :669/0 Zrcb} gdh Zbircgxoad} od xlb Madhrmx ae Vrjcom Grmxoad gdh Dbiaxogxbh ]gcb ^}7[0 maubz xlb ho}va}oxoad ae gzxomcb} rdhbz mr}xak} mr}xahy ,]bm:567# XMMV/ xlzaril vrjcom grmxoad az dbiaxogxbh }gcb ^]:[0 gzxomcb} rdhbz mr}xak} mr}xahy }lgcc jb ho}va}bh xlzaril }gcb jy vrjcom grmxoad ,RDCB]]0 }vbmogc vzauo}oad ae cg/ ^]=[0 Ecaaz Vzomb od Grmxoad ]gcb0 dax cb}} xlgd xlb lacb}gcb ugcrb ae xlb mgdug}}bh hakb}xom lacb}gcb vzomb ae xlb }gkb# conb az }okocgz gzxomcb} gdh od xlb r}rgc lacb}gcb wrgdxoxob} gdh od xlb azhodgzy marz}b ae xzghb ,hbxbzkodbh jy xlb madmbzdbh b|gkodbz}!gvvzgo}bz} . }rj`bmx xa gvvzaugc ae xlb Mlobe# GMHH gdh Ho}xzomx Maccbmxaz/ +dax jb cb}} xlgd xlb }rk ae xlb xaxgc cgdhbh ma}x jg}bh ad xlb vrjco}lbh!mozmrcgzopbh UZO]+AMAK xb}x ugcrb . xg|b} +xgnb odxa mad}ohbzgxoad0 aj}acbdmb . madhoxoad . zbg}adgjcb hbvzbmogxoad ^]8[0 Daxomb ae vrjcom grmxoad0 vzbvgzbh jy xlb Mlobe GMHH az o}x bwrougcbdx rdox +gvvzaubh jy xlb Ho}xzomx Maccbmxaz +madxgod}0 g$ }vbmoeom xokb# hgxb gdh vcgmb eaz xlb grmxoad }gcb j$ Cax Da$ vbz }gcb cax> dgkb} ae mad}oidbb m$ }vbmoeom hb}mzovxoad ae iaah}‥ h$ ecaaz vzomb vbz }gcb cax b$ }vbmoeom hgxb# xokb gdh vcgmb eaz xlb od}vbmxoad ae gcc xlb oxbk}!cax} loml }lgcc jb : hgy} jbeazb grmxoad hgxb e$ xbzk} gdh madhoxoad} ae xlb vrjcom grmxoad ^}2[0 ]rjko}}oad ae xlb Daxomb ae ]gcb xa xlb Makko}}oadbz eaz Kadoxazodi Vrzva}b}0 Mlobe# GMHH }lgcc erzdo}l xlb Makko}}oadbz ae Mr}xak} g mavy ae xlb Daxomb gdh }rjkox xlb ee0 hamrkbdx}0 odubdxazy . mbzxoeomgxb ae eodgcoxy ae eazeboxrzb!hbmcgzgxoad ae gjgdhadkbdx!azhbz ae xlb Ho}xzomx Maccbmxaz .mbzxoeomgxoad ezak xlb g}}oidbh b|gkodbz!gvvzgo}bz gxxb}xodi xlgx iaah} gzb vbzo}lgjcb ^}5[0 vrjcomgxoad gdh va}xodi daxomb ae }gcb ^}9[0 madhoxoad} eaz zbio}xzgxoad gdh vgzxomovgxoad od vrjcom johhodi ^}<[0 ]bgcbh joh }y}xbk ^}?[ Mcr}xbzodi }y}xbk0 ammrz} lbd xlb hoeebzbdmb jbxbbd xlb loilb}x gdh xlb }bmadh loilb}x joh o} oxlod 76" ae xlb loilb}x joh$ Avbdodi johhodi }lgcc jb
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M$ VA]X BDXZ_ GRHOX ]bm$ =278$ Zbwrozbkbdx xa Nbbv Zbmazh}$ + Gcc okvazxbz} gzb zbwrozbh xa nbbv gx xlboz vzodmovgc vcgmb ae jr}odb}}# od xlb kgddbz vzb}mzojbh j zbircgxoad} xa jb o}}rbh j xlb Makko}}oadbz ae Mr}xak} gdh eaz g vbzoah xlzbb ,=/ bgz} ezak xlb hgxb ae okvazxgxoad# gcc xlb zbmazh} ae xlboz okvazxgxoad} gdh!az jaan} ae gmmardx}# jr}odb}} gdh makvrxbz }}xbk} gdh gcc mr}xak} makkbzmogc hgxg odmcrhodi vgkbdx zbmazh} zbcbugdx eaz xlb ubzoeomgxoad ae xlb gmmrzgm ae xlb xzgd}gmxoad ugcrb hbmcgzbh j xlb okvazxbz}!mr}xak} jzanbz} ad xlb okvazx bdxz$mlgd zajcb} uozxrgc cgy cojzgz Gcc jzanbz} gzb zbwrozbh xa nbbv gx xlboz vzodmovgc vcgmb ae jr}odb}}# od xlb kgddbz vzb}mzojbh j zbircgxoad} xa jb o}}rbh j xlb Makko}}oadbz ae Mr}xak} gdh eaz g vbzoah ae xlzbb ,=/ bgz} ezak xlb hgxb ae okvazxgxoad mavob} ae xlb gjaub kbdxoadbh zbmazh} maubzodi xzgd}gmxoad} xlgx xlb lgdhcb$ ]bmxoad =272$ Makvcogdmb Grhox az B|gkodgxoad ae Zbmazh}$ + Xlb okvazxbz}!mr}xak} jzanbz} }lgcc gccay gd mr}xak} aeeombz grxlazopbh j xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak} xa bdxbz hrzodi aeeomb larz} gd vzbko}b} az vcgmb ylbzb xlb zbmazh} zbebzzbh xa od xlb vzbmbhodi }bmxoad gzb nbvx xa madhrmx grhox b|gkodgxoad# od}vbmxoad# ubzoeomgxoad gdh!az odub}xoigxoad ae xla}b zbmazh} boxlbz od zbcgxoad xa }vbmoeom xzgd}gmxoad} az xa xlb ghbwrgm gdh odxbizox ae xlb kgdrgc az bcbmxzadom }}xbk az }}xbk} j yloml }rml zbmazh} gzb mzbgxbh gdh }xazbh$ Eaz xlo} vrzva}b$ G hrx grxlazopbh mr}xak} aeeombz }lgcc jb ercc gdh ezbb gmmb}} xa gcc jaan}# zbmazh}# gdh hamrkbdx} dbmb}}gz az zbcbugdx eaz xlb vrzva}b ae maccbmxodi xlb vzavbz hrxob} gdh xg|b}$ Od ghhoxoad# xlb grxlazo pbh mr}xak} aeeombz kg kgnb mavob} ae# az xgnb b|xzgmx} ezak gd }rml hamrkbdx}$ Xlb zbmazh} az hamrkbdx} kr}x# g} }aad g} vzgmxomgjcb gexbz mavob} ae }rml lgub jbbd xgnbd# jb zbxrzdbh xa xlb vbz}ad od mlgzib ae }rml hamrkbdx}$ G mav ae gd }rml hamrkbdx mbzxoeobh j az ad jblgce ae xlb okvazxbz!jzanbz o} ghko}}ojcb od buohbdmb od gcc marzx} g} oe ox ybzb xlb azoiodgc$ Gd grxlazopbh mr}xak} aeeombz o} dax bdxoxcbh xa bdxbz gd vzbko}b} rdhbz xlo} ]bmxoad rdcb}}# jbeazb }a haodi# xlb aeeombz vzahrmb} xa xlb vbz}ad ammrvodi az gvvgzbdxc od mlgzib ae xlb vzbko}b} yzoxxbd buohbdmb ae xlb egmx xlgx lb az }lb o} gd grxlazopbh aeeombz$ Xlb vbz}ad ammrvodi az gvvgzbdxc od mlgzib ae xlb vzbko}b} bdxbzbh j gd aeeombz }lgcc vzauohb xlb aeeombz yoxl gcc zbg}adgjcb egmocoxob} gdh g}}o}xgdmb eaz xlb beebmxoub b|bzmo}b ae vaybz} rdhbz xlo} ]bmxoad$ Rdcb}} axlbzyo}b vzauohbh lbzbod az od axlbz vzauo}oad} ae cgy# xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak} kg# od mg}b ae ho}ajbhobdmb# oduanb xlb goh ae xlb vzavbz zbioadgc xzogc marzx yoxlod yla}b `rzo}homxoad xlb kgxxbz egcc}$ Xlb marzx kg vrdo}l madxrkgm az zber}gc g} madxbkvx$ Od ghhoxoad# xlb egmx xlgx xlb okvazxbz!jzanbz hbdob} xlb grxlazopbh mr}xak} aeeombz ercc gdh ezbb gmmb}} xa okvazxgxoad zbmazh} hrzodi xlb madhrmx ae g va}x+bdxz grhox }lgcc mzbgxb g vzb}rkvxoad ae odgmmrzgm od xlb xzgd}gmxoad ugcrb hbmcgzbh eaz xlboz okvazxbh iaah} gdh mad}xoxrxb izardh} eaz xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak} xa madhrmx g zb+g}}b}}kbdx ae }rml iaah}$ Xlo} o} yoxlarx vzb`rhomb xa xlb mzokodgc }gdmxoad} okva}bh j xlo} Mahb gdh ghkodo}xzgxoub }gdmxoad} xlgx xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak} kg okva}b gigod}x madxrkgmoar} okvazxbz} rdhbz b|o}xodi cgy} gdh zbircgxoad} odmcrhodi xlb grxlazox xa lach hbcoubz az zbcbg}b ae xlboz okvazxbh gzxomcb}$ ]bmxoad =275$ ]mavb ae xlb Grhox$ ” ,g/ Xlb grhox ae okvazxbz} }lgcc jb rdhbzxgnbd0 ,7/ Ylbd eozk} gzb }bcbmxbh j g makvrxbz+gohbh zo}n kgdgibkbdx }}xbk# xlb vgzgkbxbz} ae yloml gzb xa jb jg}bh ad aj`bmxoub gdh wrgdxoeogjcb hgxg gdh gzb xa jb gvvzaubh j xlb
8 ]bmzbxgz ae Eodgdmb rvad zbmakkbdhgxoad ae xlb Makko}}oadbz ae Mr}xak}$ Xlb mzoxbzog eaz }bcbmxodi eozk} xa jb grhoxbh }lgcc odmcrhb# jrx dax jb cokoxbh xa# xlb eaccayodi0 ,g/ Zbcgxoub kgidoxrhb ae mr}xak} zbubdrb ezak xlb eozk> ,j/ Xlb zgxb} ae hrxob} ae xlb eozk)} okvazx}> ,m/ Xlb makvcogdmb xzgmx zbmazh} ae xlb eozk> gdh ,h/ Gd g}}b}}kbdx ae xlb zo}n xa zbubdrb ae xlb eozk)} okvazx gmxouoxob}$ ,:/ Ylbd bzzaz} od xlb okvazx hbmcgzgxoad gzb hbxbmxbh> ,=/ Ylbd eozk} uacrdxgzoc zbwrb}x xa jb grhoxbh# }rj`bmx xa xlb gvvzaugc ae xlb Makko}}oadbz ae Mr}xak}$ ,j/ Jzanbz} }lgcc jb grhoxbh xa ugcohgxb grhox} ae xlboz okvazxbz mcobdx} gdh!az eocc odeazkgxoad igv} zbubgcbh hrzodi gd grhox ae xlboz okvazxbz} mcobdx}$ ]bmxoad =279$ Hamrkbdx} od Eazboid Cgdirgib$ + Ylbzb g hamrkbdx od g eazboid cgdirgib o} vzb}bdxbh xa g mr}xak} aeeombz od zbcgxoad xa xlb mgzzodi arx ae gd hrx az xlb b|bzmo}b ae gd vaybz ae xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak} rdhbz xlo} Mahb# }goh hamrkbdx od g eazboid cgdirgib kr}x jb gmmakvgdobh yoxl g xzgd}cgxoad o d xlb aeeomogc cgdirgib ae xlo} mardxz$ ]bm$ =27<$ Zbmazh} xa Jb Nbvx j y Mr}xak}$ ” Xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak} }lgcc conbyo}b nbbv g zbmazh ae grhox zb}rcx} od g hgxgjg}b ae okvazxbz gdh jzanbz vzaeocb}# xa odmcrhb jrx dax jb cokoxbh xa0 ,g/ Gzxomcb} ae Odmazvazgxoad> ,j/ Xlb makvgd }xzrmxrzb# yloml }lgcc odmcrhb jrx dax jb cokoxbh xa0 ,7/ Odmazvazgxaz} gdh Jagzh ae Hozbmxaz}> ,:/ Nb aeeombz}> gdhmlgd zajcb} uozxrgc cgy cojzgz ,=/ Azigdopgxoadgc }xzrmxrzb> ,m/ Nb okvazxgxoad}> ,h/ Vzouocbib} bd`abh> ,b/ Vbdgcxob}> gdh ,e/ Zo}n mgxbiaz,ob}/$
‥ MGA 2+:667 J$ Makvcogdmb Grhox 7$ Okvazxbz}!Mr}xak} jzanbz }lgcc gcca gdy Mr}xak} aeeombz grxlazopbh jy xlb Makko}}oadbz ae Mr}xak} xa bdxbz hrzodi aeeomb larz} gdy vzbko}b} az vcgmb lbzb xlb zbmazh} gzb nbvx xa madhrmx grhox# b|gkodgxoad# od}vbmxoad# ubzoeomgxoad gdh!az odub}xoigxoad ae0 g$ hamrkbdx eca j$ eodgdmogc eca m$ iaah} odubdxazy h$ axlbz jr}odb}} vzamb}}b}
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Gkbdhkbdx} MGA da$ :+:66: OU$ Makvcogdmb Grhox Avbzgxoad} Vbdhodi xlb mzbgxoad ae Va}x Bdxzy Grhox Aeeomb# xlb va}x bdxzy grhox }y}xbk }lgcc jb odoxogccy lgdhcbh jy xlb odxbzok Va}x Bdxzy Grhox Rdox g} hbeodbh rdhbz Mr}xak} ]vbmogc Azhbz Da$ 26+:667
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@GA U MG EGMX]0 Xlb Aeeomb ae xlb Hozbmxaz# Bdeazmbkbdx gdh ]bmrzoxy ]bzuomb} ,B]]/# Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak}# zbmboubh odeazkgxoad zbigzhodi xlb vzb}bdmb ae
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ZBKBHOB] RDHBZ XLB XGZOEE GDH MR]XAK] MAHB axlbz vbdgcxob} od zbcgxoad xlbzbxa# az axlbz kgxxbz} gzo}odi rdhbz xlb Mr}xak} Cgy az axlbz cgy} ghkodo}xbzbh j xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak}> 2$ Hbmo}oad} ae xlb Mbdxzgc Jagzh ae G}}b}}kbdx Gvvbgc} Gvvbgc} od xlb b|bzmo}b a e ox} gvvbccgxb `rzo}homxoad aubz mg}b} oduacuodi xlb g}}b}}kbdx gdh xg|gxoad ae zbgc vzavbzx azoiodgcc hbmohbh j xlb vzauodmogc az mox jagzh ae g}}b}}kbdx gvvbgc}> 5$ Hbmo}oad} ae xlb ]bmzbxgz ae Eodgdmb ad mr}xak} mg}b} bcbugxbh xa lok grxakgxomgcc eaz zbuoby ezak hbmo}oad} ae xlb Makko}}oadbz ae Mr}xak} yloml gzb ghubz}b xa xlb Iaubzdkbdx rdhbz ]bmxoad :=72 ae xlb Xgzoee Xgzoee gdh Mr}xak} Mahb> 9$ Hbmo}oad} ae xlb ]bmzbxgz ae Xzghb gdh Odhr}xz# od xlb mg}b ae dadgizomrcxrzgc vzahrmx# makkahox az gzxomcb# gdh xlb ]bmzbxgz ae Gizomrcxrzb od xlb mg}b ae gizomrcxrzgc vzahrmx# makkahox az gzxomcb# oduacuodi hrkvodi gdh mardxbzugocodi hrxob} rdhbz ]bmxoad =67 gdh =6:# zb}vbmxoubc# ae xlb Xgzoee Xgzoee gdh Mr}xak} Mahb# gdh }gebir gzh kbg}rzb} rdhbz Zbvrjcom Gmx Da$ <<66# ylbzb boxlbz vgzx kg gvvbgc xlb hbmo}oad xa okva}b az dax xa okva}b }goh hrxob}$ j$ @rzo}homxoad aubz mg}b} oduacuodi mzokodgc aeebd}b} g} lbzbod vzauohbh0 7$ B|mcr}oub azoiodgc `rzo}homxoad aubz gcc mzokodgc aeebd}b} gzo}odi ezak uoacgxoad} ae xlb Dgxoadgc Odxbzdgc Zbubdrb Mahb az Xgzoee gdh Mr}xak} Mahb gdh axlbz cgy} ghkodo}xbzbh j xlb Jrzbgr ae Odxbzdgc Zbubdrb az xlb Jrzbgr ae Mr}xak}0 Vzauohbh# laybubz# Xlgx aeebd}b} az ebcadob} kbdxoadbh od xlo} vgzgizgvl ylbzb xlb vzodmovgc gkardx a xg|b} gdh ebb}# b|mcr}oub ae mlgzib} gdh vbdgcxob}# mcgokbh o} cb}} xlgd Adb koccoad vb}a} ,V7#666#666$66/ az ylbzb xlbzb o} da }vbmoeobh gkardx mcgokbh }lgcc jb xzobh j xlb zbi rcgz Marzx} gdh xlb `rzo}homxoa d ae xlb MXG }lgcc jb gvvbccgxb$ Gd vzauo}oad ae cgy az xlb Zrcb} ae Marzx xa xlb madxzgz daxyoxl}xgdhodi# xlb mzokodgc gmxoad gdh xlb mazzb}vadhodi mouoc gmxoad eaz xlb zbmaubz ae mouoc cogjocox eaz xg|b} gdh vbdgcxob} }lgcc gx gcc xokb} jb }okrcxgdbar}c od}xoxrxbh yoxl# gdh `aodxc hbxbzkodbh od xlb }gkb vzambbhodi j xlb MXG# xlb eocodi ae xlb mzokodgc gmxoad jbodi hbbkbh xa dbmb}}gzoc mgzz yoxl ox xlb eocodi ae xlb mouoc gmxoad# gdh da zoilx xa zb}bzub xlb eoccodi ae }rml mouoc gmxoad }bvgzgxbc ezak xlb mzokodgc gmxoad yocc jb zbmaidopbh$ :$ B|mcr}oub gvvbccgxb `rzo}homxoad od mzokodgc aeebd}b}0 g$ Aubz gvvbgc} ezak xlb `rhikbdx}# zb}acrxoad} az azhbz} ae xlb Zbioadgc Xzogc Marzx} od xg| mg}b} azoiodgcc hbmohbh j xlbk# od xlboz zb}vbmxbh xbzzoxazogc `rzo}homxoad$ j$ Aubz vbxoxoad} eaz zbuoby ae xlb `rhikbdx}# zb}acrxoad} az azhbz} ae xlb Zbioadgc Xzogc Marzx} od xlb b|bzmo}b ae xlboz gvvbccgxb `rzo}homxoad aubz xg| mg}b} azoiodgcc hbmohbh j xlb Kbxzavacoxgd Xzogc Marzx}# Krdomovgc Xzogc Marzx} gdh Krdomovgc Mozmrox Xzogc Marzx} od xlboz zb}vbmxoub `rzo}homxoad$ m$ @rzo}homxoad aubz xg| maccbmxoad mg}b} g} lbzbod vzauohbh0 7$ B|mcr}oub azoiodgc `rzo}homxoad od xg| maccbmxoad mg}b} oduacuodi eodgc gdh b|bmrxaz g}}b}}kbdx} eaz xg|b}# ebb}# mlgzib} gdh vbdgcxob}0 Vzauohbh# laybubz# Xlgx maccbmxoad mg}b} ylbzb xlb vzodmovgc gkardx ae xg|b} gdh ebb}# b|mcr}oub ae mlgzib} gdh vbdgcxob}# mcgokbh o} cb}} xlgd Adb koccoad vb}a} ,V7#666#666$66/ }lgcc jb xzobh j xlb vzavbz Krdomovgc Xzogc Marzx# Kbxzavacoxgd Xzogc Marzx gdh Zbioadgc Xzogc Marzx$ :$ B|mcr}oub gvvbccgxb `rzo}homxoad od xg| maccbmxoad mg}b}0 g$ Aubz gvvbgc} ezak xlb `rhikbdx}# zb}acrxoad} az azhbz} ae xlb Zbioadgc Xzogc Marzx} od xg| maccbmxoad mg}b} azoiodgcc hbmohbh j xlbk# od xlboz zb}vbmxoub xbzzoxazogc `rzo}homxoad$ j$ Aubz vbxoxoad} eaz zbuoby ae xlb `rhikbdx}# zb}acrxoad} az azhbz} ae xlb Zbioadgc Xzogc Marzx} od xlb B|bzmo}b ae xlboz gvvbccgxb `rzo}homxoad aubz xg| maccbmxoad mg}b} azoiodgcc hbmohbh j xlb Kbxzavacoxgd Xzogc Marzx}# Krdomovgc Xzogc Marzx} gdh Krdomovgc Mozmrox Xzogc Marzx}# od xlboz zb}vbmxoub `rzo}homxoad$
=$ GVVBGC
EZAK XLB
8$ GVVBGC
XA
MXG HOUO]OAD
XA
75 OOO$ MCGOK EAZ ZBERDH ]BM$ 7969$ Mazzbmxoad ae Bzzaz}$ + Zberdh ae B|mb}} Vgkbdx}$ + Kgdoeb}x mcbzomgc bzzaz} kghb od gd oduaomb az bdxz# bzzaz} od zbxrzd ae yboilx# kbg}rzb gdh igrib# ylbd hrc mbzxoeobh xa# rdhbz vbdgcxob} ae egc}oeomgxoad az vbz`rz# j xlb }rzubaz az b|gkododi aeeomogc ,ylbd xlbzb gzb }rml aeeomogc} gx xlb vazx/# gdh bzzaz} od xlb ho}xzojrxoad ae mlgzib} ad oduaomb} dax oduacuodi gd wrb}xoad ae cgy gdh mbzxoeobh xa# rdhbz vbdgcxob} ae egc}oeomgxoad az vbz`rz# j xlb b|gkododi aeeomogc# kg jb mazzbmxbh od xlb makvrxgxoad ae hrxob}# oe }rml bzzaz} jb ho}maubzbh jbeazb xlb vgkbdx} ae hrxob}# az oe ho}maubzbh yoxlod adb bgz gexbz xlb eodgc cowrohgxoad# rvad yzoxxbd zbwrb}x gdh daxomb ae bzzaz ezak xlb okvazxbz# az rvad }xgxbkbdx ae bzzaz mbzxoeobh j xlb Maccbmxaz$ Eaz xlb vrzva}b ae mazzbmxodi bzzaz} }vbmoeobh od xlb db|x vzbmbhodi vgzgizgvl xlb Maccbmxaz o} grxlazopbh xa zbcowrohgxb bdxzob} gdh maccbmx ghhoxoadgc mlgzib}# az xa kgnb zberdh} ad }xgxbkbdx ae bzzaz} yoxlod xlb }xgxrxaz xokb cokox$ ]BM$ 796<$ Mcgok eaz Zberdh ae Hrxob} gdh Xg|b} gdh Kahb ae Vgykbdx$ + Gcc mcgok} eaz zberdh ae hrxob} }lgcc jb kghb od yzoxodi gdh eazygzhbh xa xlb Maccbmxaz xa ylak }rml hrxob} gzb vgoh# yla rvad zbmbovx ae }rml mcgok# }lgcc ubzoe xlb }gkb j xlb zbmazh} ae lo} Aeeomb# gdh oe eardh xa jb mazzbmx gdh od gmmazhgdmb yoxl cgy# }lgcc mbzxoe xlb }gkb xa xlb Makko}}oadbz yoxl lo} zbmakkbdhgxoad xaibxlbz yoxl gcc dbmb}}gz vgvbz} gdh hamrkbdx}$ Rvad zbmbovx j xlb Makko}}oadbz ae }rml mbzxoeobh mcgok lb }lgcc mgr}b xlb }gkb xa jb vgoh oe eardh mazzbmx$ Oe g zb}rcx ae xlb zberdh ae mr}xak} hrxob} xlbzb yarch dbmb}}gzoc zb}rcx g mazzb}vadhodi zberdh ae odxbzdgc zbubdrb xg|b} ad xlb }gkb okvazxgxoad# xlb Maccbmxaz }lgcc conbyo}b mbzxoe xlb }gkb xa xlb Makko}}oadbz yla }lgcc mgr}b xlb }goh xg|b} xa jb vgoh# zberdhbh# az xg| mzbhoxbh od eguaz ae xlb okvazxbz# yoxl ghuomb xa xlb Makko}}oadbz ae Odxbzdgc Zbubdrb$
MXG BD JGDM
]M
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