Question bank for human anatomy and physiology I year B pharmacy syllabus (KUHS)
Introduction general anatomy and physiology and tissues Anatomy (with the help of a neat labeled diagram where ever necessary)
1) Classi Classify fy the elementa elementary ry tissue tissuess of the body and add a note note on their their locatio location n characteristics and functions of it? 2) Explain Explain the structure structure of of a cell cell and add a note on its its function function?? 3) Out line line the gross gross and microscop microscopic ic structure structure of of skeletal skeletal muscle? muscle? Add anote anote on its function? 4) Wr Writ itee shor shortt not notes es on on 1. Cel Cell jun junct ctio ion n 2. ion cha chan nnels Physiology
5) Wr Writ itee shor shortt not notes es on on 1) Transport Transport mechanisms mechanisms across the cell cell membra membranes? nes? 2) Home Homeos osttasi asis 3) Seco Second nd mess messen enge gers rs 6) Out line line the physiolo physiology gy of skeleta skeletall muscle muscle contraction contraction?? 7) Explain Explain the diff: diff: in structure structure and and functions functions on three three types of of muscle? muscle? 8) Excita Excitatio tion n contrac contractio tion n coupli coupling ng 9) Micr Micros osom omes es 10) What is Connective Connective tissue and describe describe the classific classifications ations with diagram and egs? 11) Mitochondri Mitochondriaa
Human skeletal system
1) Clas Classi sify fy joint joints? s? Mentio Mention n the the funct functio ions ns of joint jointss and add a note note on the the majo major r disorders of joints? 2) Functi Functions ons of of skele skeletal tal syste system? m? 3) Struc Structur turee and functi functions ons of of bone? bone? 4) Types Types of of move movemen ments ts in in joint joints? s? 5) Diso Disord rder erss of of joi joint ntss 6) Short note on mandibles mandibles,, femur , humerus, humerus, synovi synovial al joints, joints, hip joints joints 7) Diff: Diff: betwee between n the three three types types of musc muscles les?? 8) Excit Excitati ation on contr contracti action on coupli coupling ng 9) Myasthenia Myasthenia gravis, gravis, muscular muscular dystrophy, dystrophy, myalgia, myalgia, myositis myositis,, muscular muscular atrophy 10) Isotonic and isometric contrations 11) All or none law law
Body fluids and blood
1) Enumerate the functions of blood? 2) Functions of platelets, leucocytes? 3) Sig: of blood group? / blood Transfusion? 4) 5) 6) 7)
Explain the mechanism of coagulation? and disorders on clotting? Jaundice? Explain the functions of lymphatic system? Briefl out line the mechanism of hemostasis. Add a note on anticoagulants?/ disorders of bleeding? 8) How the carbon dioxide is transported in blood? 9) Anti coagulants? 10) Rh system? 11) Hypoxia? 12) How Hb is metabolized in the body? 13) ABO and Rh system of blood grouping? 14) Describe the details of WBCs with neat diagrams and write its sig:? 15) Give an account of spleen? 16) Anaemia 17) Hypoxia 18) RBC 19) Hb 20) Functions and composition of Lymph 21) Spleen and its fuctions? 22) Hodgkin’s disease
Cardio vascular system Anatomy 1) Explain the anatomy of heart with a neat labeled diagram? 2) Describe the branches of aorta? 3) Write a note on the organization of blood vessels and histology of blood vessels? 4) Explain the histology of heart? Physiology
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)
Explain the cardiac cycle? Explain electro cardio gram and its correlation with cardiac cycle? Write a note on conduction system in heart? Define heart rate and explain its regulation? Define cardiac out put and explain its regulation? Define blood pressure (arterial pressure) and explain its regulation?
7) Define different types of BP and its importance? 8) Write a note on pulmonary circulation / coronary circulation? 9) Define the following Rheumatic heart diseases Hypertention CCF Angina pectoris Cardiac arrhythmias Arteriosclerosis MI 10) Explain the factors maintaining blood pressure? 11) Discuss in detail about the conduction system in heart with neat diagram? 12) A short note on Cardiac muscle. Radial pulse Normal ECG Heart sounds and its sig.? Rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Urinary system Anatomy
1) Explain the structure of Nephron with the help of a neat labeled diagram? 2) Explain the structure of kidney with the help of a neat labeled diagram? Physiology 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)
Functions of the Kidney Explain the physiology of urine formation? Explain the physiology of conc: urine formation? Explain the physiology of dil: urine formation? GFR and its regulation and sig:? Micturition reflex Define the following 1. Glomerulonephritis 2. Renal calculi 3. Renal failure 4. Urinary incontinence 8) Role of kidney in acid base homeostasis? 9) Juxta glomerular apparatus DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Anatomy
1) Explain the anatomy of stomach with a neat labeled diagram? 2) Explain the anatomy of alimentary canal? 3) Structure of tooth?
Physiology 1) write short notes on 1) liver(anatomy and function) 2) pancreas (,,) 3) GI hormones (name and function) 4) bile 5) Gall bladder. 6) Salivary glands 7) GI glands 8) Taste buds 9) Larynx 10) Tongue 11) Exocrine secretions in GIT? 12) Large intestine 13) Small intestine 14) Jaundice 15) Peptic ulcer
2) Explain the different phases of gastric acid secretion? 3) Explain the mechanism of gastric acid secretion, its composition and functions? 4) How protein is digested and absorbed? 5) How carbohydrate is digested and absorbed? 6) How fat is digested and absorbed? 7) Write in detail the functions of GI enzymes? 8) Write briefly on movements of small intestine and large intestine? 9) Explain in detail Digestion of food? 10) How blood sugar level is maintained? 11) Explain the functional anatomy of GIT. Add a note on peristalsis? / haustral churning? 12) Explain the exo and endocrine functions of pancreas? 13) Composition and functions of saliva?
SENSE ORGANS Anatomy
1) ANATOMY of eye and ear Physiology 1) Explain the physiology of vision and visual pathway? 2) Explain the physiology of hearing?/traveling wave theory of hearing? 3) Explain the physiology of balancing? 4) Explain the physiology of gustation? 5) Explain the physiology of olfaction? 6) Trace the pathway of touch sensation? 7) Explain the cause of refractive errors of eye and its correction?
8) Explain the different types of balance of body and the organs involved in it? 9) Taste buds? 10) Out line the anatomy of retina? 11) Visual pathway 12) skin RESIPIRATORY SYSTEM Anatomy 1) Explain the anatomy of lungs with the help of a neat labeled diagram? 2) Write a note on anatomy of respiratory path way? Physiology 1) Explain the mechanism of respiration? 2) Write a note on regulation of respiration? 3) Write a note on respiratory centers? 4) Write briefly on modified respiration? 5) Explain the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide? 6) Lung volumes and capacities 7) Vital capacity 8) Periodic breathing 9) Artificial respiration 10) Spirogram 11) Surfactants 12) Explain the roles of blood, lungs and kidney in acid-base homeostasis? 13) Neural and chemical regulation of respiration? 14) Write short notes on Asthma, TB, CPR REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Anatomy Anatomy of male and female reproductive system Physiology 1) Spermatogenesis 2) Oogenesis 3) Sex differentiation 4) Out line the functions of ovary and testis 5) Ovulation 6) Physiology of menstruation? 7) Graffian follicles 8) Lactation 9) Out line the hormonal changes during uterine cycle?
CENTERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Anatomy
1) Trace the corticospinal tract and mention the diff: between pyramidal and extrapyramidal tract? 2) Neuron Physiology 1) Reflex action 2) Reflex arc 3) Functions of cerebellum, hypothalamus, basal ganglia 4) Nerve action potentials 5) Out line the functions of cranial nerves? 6) Name the descending tract of the spinal cord. Trace the pyramidal tract? 7) Electroencephalogram 8) CSF 9) Functions of brain 10) Write short notes on 11) Meningitis, narcolepsy, epilepsy, parkinsonism, hemiplegia stroke 12) Classify the nerves and add anote on its properties 13) Neuroglia ANS Anatomy Anatomy of ANS Physiology 1) Out line the physiology and functions of ANS 2) Functions of sympathetic NS 3) Resting membrane potential 4) Neuromuscular transmission 5) Neurotransmitters ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Anatomy Pancreas Physiology 1) How blood sugar level is maintained? 2) Ovarian hormones 3) Functions of growth hormones 4) How blood calcium level is maintained? 5) Functions of thyroid hormones. Add a note on myxoedema and cretinism? 6) Enumerate the hormones of anterior pituitary gland and their functions? 7) Thyroxin 8) Thymus 9) insulin 10) Enumerate the hormones of posterior pituitary gland and their functions? 11) Enumerate the hormones of adrenal gland and the functions of catecholamine? 12) Parathormone
13) Enumerate the endocrine hormones and their functions? 14) Acromegali 15) Goiter 16) Addison’s disease 17) Cushing’s syndrome, pheochromocytoma, diabetic mellitus, diabetic insipidus,
Prepared by Arun K Thomas Dept. of Pharmacology
