QGIS
Launch QGIS •
Launch QGIS from Start
All Programs
Quantum GIS
QGIS Icon on the desk top •
Open window Quantum GIS (Figure 1.1 below
!
Figure 1.1
"
Opening Raster •
For this e#ercise we demonstrate three t$pes of GIS data
point line
•
pol$gon. %hese re&uire geo'referenced base data. Such base data could be in the form of
%opo sheets adastral maps ()illage maps Remote sensed images eg.* Google earth images* IRS data* L+,-S+% data.
•
•
%he accompan$ing - pro)ides a registered image named nugu.tif. Open this file b$ selecting Add Raster Layer icon (Figure 1.!
Figure 1.2
/
Opening Raster •
Open a GDAL Supported Raster Data Source
window opens (Figure 1." •
Se ect nugu.t an se ect Open Figure 1."
•
Obser)e the nugu.tif opened in the window
(Figure 1.
0
Figure 1.3
Figure 1.4
2
Verifying geo-referencing •
•
%he opened raster file is geo'referenced %o confirm the geo'referencing mo)e the cursor on the opened map3 coordinates change in the coordinate window at the bottom of the screen (Figure 1./
4
Figure 1.
15
!reation of Vector "oint #ata %o create a new point la$er select the icon ,ew Shapefile La$er (Figure 1.0 Step 1 •
•
• •
+ window pops up titled 6oordinate Reference S$stem Selector7 (Figure 1. Select as the coordinate reference s$stem 8GS 2 (Figure 1. Select OK + window titled ,ew 9ector La$er is displa$ed (Figure 1.2 11
Figure 1.$
1!
Figure 1.%
1"
Figure 1.&
1
!reation of Vector "oint #ata •
•
In Figure 1.2 select option ype and then arro Point 8e need to add :attributes; ne#t. %his step
re&uires planning in detail For eg.* an anti' poaching camp can ha)e the attributes< 1. ,umber of staff !. ,umber of G=S etc
,e#t create la$er of )illages with attributes such as< 1.
,ame !. %aluk ". -istrict . =opulation
1/
!reation of Vector "oint #ata •
In the same window note the !e" attri#ute bo#<
it has attributes of !ame* ype* $idt% and Precision
Step & •
+dd new attributes (Figure 1.4 Name< )illage Type< te#t Width< 5 (this is sub>ecti)e decision as place names
are generall$ within 5 characters •
ome to Attri#ute List bo# (Figure 1.4 Select
Add to attri#ute list 10
Figure 1.'
1
!reation of Vector "oint #ata •
+dd taluk and district data in )illage attributes
•
•
•
b$ repeating Step &
+dd data< to do this* we need ypepopulation of data in whole number (Figure 1.15to set repeat Step & (Figure 1.11 +fter this select OK (Figure 1.11 ?ou will be guided to the Sa'e As window. Select the director$ in which $ou would like to sa)e the data. For this e#ample name it as :(illage) (Figure 1.1! Select Sa'e. 12
Figure 1.1(
14
Figure 1.11
!5
Figure 1.12
!1
!reation of Vector "oint #ata •
•
On sa)ing* la$er is stored in specified folder %his la$er is automaticall$ added to the QGIS . .
!!
Figure 1.13
!"
!reation of Vector "oint #ata •
,e#t* add )illages (features to the )illage la$er
•
%o do this the la$er has to be made editable
Step * •
•
•
Select the la$er and then select oggle editing icon (Figure 1.1 On enabling* in the la$er window* the toggle acti)e icon is enabled (Figure 1.1/ On its enabling* other icons related ne#t to % oggle editing icon are also acti)ated (Figure 1.1/
!
Figure 1.14
!/
Figure 1.1
!0
Creation of vector point data
!
!reation of Vector "oint #ata •
•
Select the icon of +oom In. ,ow Aoom to the area of interest b$ (Figure 1.10 =lace the Fi ure 1.1
on the interested area and click
•
8e ha)e Aoomed to the area (Figure 1.12
•
Select the icon ,apture point (Figure 1.12
!2
Figure 1.1$
!4
Figure 1.1%
"5
Figure.1.1&
"1
Figure 1.1'
"!
!reation of Vector "oint #ata Step •
•
•
=lace the on the )illage selected and right click (Figure 1.14 + window with title Attri#utes is opened (Figure 1.!5 n er e )a ues or eren a r u es gure . Id default/< 1 !ame as in t%e topo0s%eet/< Ceggudlu alu< C- Dote District< E$sore Population from census/< /5
•
Select OK (Figure 1.!1 ""
Figure 1.2(
"
Figure 1.21
"/
!reation of Vector "oint #ata •
•
•
,otice marked )illage can be seen on the map (Figure 1.!! Re eat t
- see a e "
Finall$ a map with )illages in the ,ugu is displa$ed (Figure 1.!"
"0
Figure 1.22
"
Figure 1.23
"2
Creation of vector line data
"4
!reation of )ector *ine +ata - roa+ •
•
•
•
%o create new line la$er select the icon s%ape layer (Figure 1.0* page 11
!e"
omplete Step 1 page 15 +s in Figure 1.2 where under %$pe* :point; was se ec e * se ec ne gure . ,e#t we need to add attributes (Figure 1.! +ttributes associated ype of t%e road
•
+fter this step* select OK (Figure 1.! 5
Figure 1.24
1
!reation of )ector *ine +ata •
?ou will be guided to Sa'e as window as pre)iousl$ done in Figure 1.1! (page !5 –
•
•
Select the director$ in which $ou would like to sa)e the data. In this e#ample name it as : road; (Figure 1.!/
Select Sa'e3 on sa)ing* la$er specified folder (Figure 1.!/
is stored in
%his la$er is automaticall$ added to the QGIS window (Figure 1.!0 !
Figure 1.2
"
Figure 1.2$
!reation of )ector *ine +ata •
,e#t we need to add roads (features to the
•
road la$er. %o do this we ha)e to make this la$er editable.
•
•
Select the la$er and then select oggle editing icon (Figure 1.! On enabling* in the la$er window* the oggle acti'e icon is enabled /
Figure 1.2%
0
!reation of )ector *ine +ata •
•
oom to the area of interest b$ selecting the icon of +oom In (as in Figure 1.10* page ! %hen place the on the interested area and click (as in Figure 1.1* page !2
Step 2 •
• •
8e ha)e Aoomed to the area (Figure 1.!2 Select the icon ,apture Line (Figure 1.!2 =lace marker on road that we ha)e to digitiAe and left clic (Figure 1.!4
Figure 1.2&
2
Figure 1.2'
4
!reation of )ector *ine +ata •
•
•
• •
=lace the (Figure 1."5
marker to ne#t position and
left clic
Repeat same process till the ne#t >unction (for e.g.* change the in direction is re&uired Similarl$* continue till where $ou would like to end the process* r g c c . + window with title Attri#utes is opened (Figure 1."1 Bnter the information for different attributes (Figure 1."1 Id default/< 1 ype 3 Eud road
•
Select OK (Figure 1."1 /5
Figure 1.3(
/1
Figure 1.31
/!
!reation of )ector *ine +ata •
•
•
8e can notice digitiAed road can be seen on the map (see Figure 1."! (end of Step 2 efore starting the ne#t segment* to a)oid the problems of a undershoot and b dangles* w need to enable snapping option. %o enable snapping
a undershoot
Snapping optio
b dangles
/"
Figure 1.32
/
Figure 1.33
//
!reation of )ector *ine +ata •
+ window of Snapping options appears (Figure
•
1." Select the la$er roads* (Figure 1." Eode to )erte# %olerance 5.555/ (this is a sub>ecti)e decision Hnits map units
– – –
•
•
•
Select OK (Figure 1." Repeat Step 2 till all roads are digitiAed (Figure 1."/ and remo)e the oggle editing Sa'e the la$er (Figure 1."0 /0
Figure 1.34
/
Figure 1.3
/2
Figure 1.3$
/4
!reation of )ector *ine +ata •
Finall$ we need to disable snapping option
Setting Snapping options Select unselect road la$er (See Figure 1. "
05
Figure 1.3%
01
!reation of )ector *ine +ata
0!
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
0"
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata - ,atero+y •
%o create new pol$gon la$er select the icon !e" s%ape Step 1 layer (Figure 1.0* page 11 and complete
•
•
+s in Figure 1.2* (page 1" and Figure 1.! (page "4 where point and line was selected respecti)el$* select ype as :=ol$gon; (Figure 1."2 ,e#t we need to add attributes (see Figure 1."2 ,ame
•
+fter this step* select OK (Figure 1."2 0
Figure 1.3&
0/
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata •
?ou will be guided to Sa'e as window as pre)iousl$ done in Figure 1.1! (page !5 –
Select the director$ in which $ou would like to sa)e the data. In this e#ample name it as waterbod$ (Figure 1."4
•
Select Sa'e ( Figure 1."4
•
On sa)ing* la$er is stored in specified folder
•
%his la$er is automaticall$ added to the QGIS window ( Figure 1.5 00
Figure 1.3'
0
Figure 1.4(
02
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata •
,e#t we need to add water bodies (features
•
to the waterbodies la$er. %o do this we ha)e to make this la$er editable.
•
•
Select the la$er and then select oggle editing icon (Figure 1.1 On enabling* in the la$er window* the oggle acti'e icon is enabled 04
Figure 1.41
5
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata •
•
Select the area of interest and Aoom if re&uired b$ selecting the icon of +oom In (as in Figure 1.10 to 1.12 pages ! to !4 %hen place the on the interested area and left clic (as in Figure 1.1 page !2
Step 4 •
•
•
8e ha)e Aoomed to the area (Figure 1.! Select the icon ,apture Polygon (Figure 1.! =lace marker on boundar$ of water bod$ that we ha)e to digitiAe and left clic (Figure 1." 1
Figure 1.42
!
Figure 1.43
"
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata •
•
=lace the
marker to ne#t position and left
clic (Figure 1. Repeat the same process till we complete the ol on and ri %t clic
,ote< if the )iewing window co)ers onl$ some portion of the area* then use up arrow ke$ for scrolling up or down'arrow ke$ or side wa$ arrow ke$s ( for re&uired scrolling
Figure 1.44
/
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata •
•
+ window with title
Attri#utes is opened
(Figure 1./ Bnter the )alues for different attributes (Figure . Id default/< 1 name< ,ugu
•
Select OK (Figure 1./
0
Figure 1.4
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata •
8e can see digitiAed waterbod$ on the map (Figure 1.0 (end of Step 4
,ote< If another pol$gon is ad>acent to the digitiAed pol$gon* we need to enable snapping option to a)oid the problems of a o)erlapping area and b sli)ers •
%o enable snapping< Setting Snapping option (as in Figure 1.""* page /"
a o)erlapping
b sli)ers 2
Figure 1.4$
4
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata •
•
+ window of Snapping options appears (Figure 1. Select the la$er waterbodies* (Figure 1. Eode to )erte# and segment %olerance 5.555/ (this is a sub>ecti)e Hnits
•
•
•
map units Select OK (Figure 1. Repeat Step 4 till all water bodies are digitiAed (Figure 1.2 Remo)e the oggle editing and Sa'e the la$er (Figure 1.4 25
Figure 1.4%
21
Figure 1.4&
2!
Figure 1.4'
2"
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata •
Finall$ we need to disable snapping option
•
Select< Setting Snapping options whitunselect waterbodies (Figure 1./5
%he final output is read$ (Figure 1./1
2
Figure 1.(
2/
Figure 1.1
20
!o*orin thees
2
!o*oring thees Steps to be followed
+ppropriate olors to depict the theme For e#ample* 5orests 3 6se green s%ades Roads3 6se #ro"n s%ades $ater#odies3 6se #lue s%ades 5ence3 6se #lac s%ades
22
Organi/ing *ayers in hierarchy efore oloring la$ers
organiAe the la$ers in the order of point* line and pol$gon features (Figure 1./!
Select concerned la$er and drag it up or down
24
Figure 1.2
45
"oint Sty*e Step 7 •
%o change the color of point data* dou#le clic on the point data ()illage la$er. La$er properties
Bnd Step 7 •
La$er properties has )arious tabs< Style8 La#els8 5ields8 General8 9etadata8 Actions8 :oins and Diagram (Figure 1./" 41
"oint Sty*e Step < • •
•
Select Style (Figure 1./" In st$le we can change ,olor 8 Si;e8 6nit* etc. e us c ange
e co or
Select ,%ange (Figure 1./ Select ,olor window opens (Figure 1.//
Select olor b$ placing J on the selected olor* the select OK (Figure 1./0
Bnd Step < 4!
Figure 1.3
4"
Figure 1.4
4
Figure 1.
4/
Figure 1.$
40
"oint Sty*e •
•
•
In the la$er properties we can notice color has changed (Figure 1./ Select K Fi ure 1./ olor change can be noticed in the )illage la$er (Figure 1./2
4
Figure 1.%
42
Figure 1.&
44
Line Sty*e •
%o change the color of road follow Step 7
•
(page 24 Layer Properties window opens (Figure 1./4
e ec rom sa)e s $ es an s$m o appropr a e for roads* and e)en set width appropriatel$ (Figure 1.05
Select OK (Figure 1.05
155
Figure 1.'
151
Figure 1.$(
15!
"o*ygon Sty*e •
•
%o change the color of pol$gon follow Step 7 (page 24 Follow Step <* (page 45 and we get an output as in Figure 1.01
15"
Figure 1.$1
15
0ap coposer
15/
!oposition of 0ap + output map should ha)e Scale Legend ,orth +rrow r w coor n a es •
• •
%o create map select !e" Print ,omposer (Figure !.1 %he ,omposer (Figure Gen !.!eral8 Item and omposer has opens the buttons* ,ommand %istory (Figure !.! 150
Figure 2.1
15
Figure 2.2
152
++ing a ne ap •
•
•
Select Add ne" map (Figure !." +fter selection* drag on the can)as b$ left clic of arrow. (Figure !. On releasing the finger from left button of mouse* a map with )arious la$ers appears in the QGIS displa$ window. (Figure !./
154
Figure 2.3
an)as
115
Figure 2.4
111
Figure 2.
11!
+usting the ap •
In Figure !./ the complete displa$ area is not used b$!.0 the map3 to change this select (Figure
•
•
•
•
Item
selectin either $idt% =ei %t or Scale the map can use the complete displa$ area For now* let us select
Scale (Figure !.0
Scale )alue to appropriate )alues hange (Figure !.
%hen select
Grid(Figure !. 11"
Figure 2.$
11
Figure 2.%
11/
Gri+ creation •
•
Select
S%o" Grid (Figure !.2
Bnter appropriate )alues (Figure !.2 Inter'al > 3 5.5
•
Scroll down (Figure !.4
Select
Dra" annotation (Figure !.4
hange Annotation Position and Annotation direction appropriatel$ (Figure !.4 K
K %hese are sub>ecti)e decisions and dependent on the pro>ection s$stem used.
110
Figure 2.&
11
Figure 2.'
112
++ing orth rro •
•
•
•
,e#t add a north arrow. Select
Add Image
(Figure !.15 Left clic on the can)as* a window appears* and in the Item window )arious ima es are displa$ed (Figure !.11 Scroll do"n till we get the appropriate ,orth arrow image (Figure !.1!
In theItem de'select General options S%o" frames (Figure !.1! and Figure !.1" 114
Figure 2.1(
1!5
Figure 2.11
1!1
Figure 2.12
1!!
Figure 2.13
1!"
++ing Sca*e ar •
•
,e#t add scale to the map (Figure !.1
Add ne" scale #ar
Left clic on can)as* a window appears. In the Item window Scale #ar tab is displa$ed (Figure !.1/
K
•
.
Segment si;e< 5.51 9ap units per #ar< 1 6nit la#el< deg •
In theItem General options de'select S%o" frames (as in Figure !.1! and Figure !.1"
K %hese are sub>ecti)e decisions and dependent on the pro>ection s$stem used.
1!
Figure 2.14
1!/
Figure 2.1
1!0
Figure 2.1$
1!
++ing Legen+ •
•
%he final step is to add a legend* select
Add
ne" 'ect legend Left clic on the can)as* a window appears* and
(Figure !.12 •
Select
Legend items (Figure !.12
Legend
items ta# opens (Figure !.14
1!2
Figure 2.1%
1!4
Figure 2.1&
1"5
!ustoising Legen+ •
%o remo)e unnecessar$ items from legend
•
Select nuguand select
(Figure !.14
%o modif$ legend items
Select Items and select Legend items (Figure !.!5 In Legend items window select the Layer and select .
•
•
•
+ Legend item properties window opens (Figure !.!1 In Item te@t rename if re&uired3 then select OK (Figure !.!! For rest of the la$ers* repeat the process described in Figures !5* !1 and !!* if re&uired (Figure !.!" 1"1
Figure 2.1'
1"!
Figure 2.2(
1""
Figure 2.21
1"
Figure 2.22
1"/
Figure !.!"
1"0
ustomising Eap window •
•
•
•
In the Item Item options de'select S%o" frames as in Figure !.1!* page 1 (Figure !.! Finall$* all the re&uired elements are placed the message in a elegant wa$ (Figure !.!/ Sa)e the composer window b$ selecting Sa'e as template (Figure !.!0 %he Sa'e template window opens* enter the file name ,ugu and select Sa'e ( Figure !.! 1"
Figure 2.24
1"2
Figure 2.2
1"4
Figure 2.2$
15
Figure 2.2%
11
Output options •
%o take output we ha)e<
B#port as Image
B#port as =-F
B#port as S9G
Gi)e a =rint 1!
5he fina* ap
1"
#ata fro Fie*+ to G"S to
GIS
Iporting G"S +ata to G"S 5rac60ar6er %o import the data from G=S to QGIS* the following steps are in)ol)ed<
Running G=S %rackEarker
onnecting the G=S to the s$stem
Importing the data to G=S %rackEarker
Sa)ing it as G= format.
1/
Iporting G"S +ata to G"S 5rac60ar6er •
Run G=S %rackEarker from =rogram file
onnect and turn on the G=S G=S %rackEarker window opens (Figure ".1 Select< GPS option (Figure ".1
+
dropdown window ha)ing )arious makes of G=S appears (Figure ".! Select the Garmin interface (Figure "." 10
Figure 3.1
1
Figure 3.2
12
Figure 3.3
14
Iporting G"S +ata to G"S 5rac60ar6er Garmin Interface window opens (Figure ".
•
,ote< 8indow gi)es information on the de)ice connected (e.g.* e%re# Legend* and the mode of connection as HS Fi ure ". •
Select,apture
ALL K (Figure "./
Fields get flooded with the )alues
Select
BI% (Figure ".0
K -uring the field work if onl$ $aypoints or racs were collected please select $aypoints or racs respecti)el$ rather than ALL
1/5
Figure 3.4
1/1
Figure 3.
1/!
Figure 3.$
1/"
Iporting G"S +ata to G"S 5rac60ar6er •
•
%he output is displa$ed in the window (Figure ". ,e#t sa)e the data.
Select
Select
5 ile
Sa'e 5ile as
(Figure ".2
Sa'e as type < G=S e#change file
(.gp# format (Figure ".4 ,ame appropriatel$ and sa)e (Figure ".15 1/
Figure 3.%
1//
Figure 3.&
1/0
Figure 3.'
1/
Figure 3.1(
1/2
Iporting the +ata to QGIS •
lose the G=S %rackEarker application
•
Open QGIS %o )iew this data in QGIS
Select
Gps ools window appears arro rowse (Figure ".1!
-irects to the sa)ed file. Select the gp# file created (Figure ".1"
•
Gps tools icon (Figure ".11 Load GP> file
1/4
Figure 3.11
105
Figure 3.12
101
Figure 3.13
10!
Iporting the +ata to QGIS •
G=S tools window appears which is loaded with features and highlights )arious data ($aypoints8 Routes and racs (Figure ".1
-e'select
routes (Fi ure ".1/ so that onl racs and $aypoints are downloaded
•
Select OK (Figure ".1/ In Figure ".10 we can see that collected data is onl$ of %racks and 8a$points 10"
Figure 3.14
10
Figure 3.1
10/
Figure 3.1$
100
Sa)ing the Iporte+ #ata •
Sa)e the files one after the other b$
•
clicing Sa'e as (Figure ".1 Sa)e )ector la$er as (Figure ".12
rig%t
<
•
Sa)e as< sa)e in desired folder
RS < 8GS 2
Select OK (Figure ".12
10
Figure 3.1%
102
Figure 3.1&
104
Representation on 0ap •
Remo)e both the la$ers.
•
Load all the digitised la$ers from ,ugu area* and also the ,ugu map (as described in QGIS tutorial ,ow add the filed data sa)ed from G=S onl shape files Select Add 'ector layer ro"se select la$ers Open •
•
Open (Figure ".14 Once again* select %he output (Figure ".!5 would ha)e both the features (follow Eap composer tutorial 15
Figure 3.1'
11
Figure 3.2(
1!
Fina* output
1"
7n+ of QGIS ,or6shop 5utoria* for Forest 0anagers
