Punching Reinforcement in SAFE _ WASEEM RANA

12/4/2017

Punching Reinforcement in SAFE | WASEEM RANA

WASEEM RANA cracking the structures

Punching Reinforcement in SAFE February February 11, 2015 · by Rana Waseem · in Slabs. · 1. Required Required reinforcement Punching shear reinforcement according to ACI is calculated as;

(hps://wasee (h ps://waseemrana8.files.wor mrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015 dpress.com/2015/02/im /02/image001.jpg) age001.jpg) Now punching ratio in SAFE is given by;

(hps://waseemrana8.files (hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/20 .wordpress.com/2015/02/image0 15/02/image002.jpg) 02.jpg) Rearranging this, we get; (hps://waseemrana8.files.wo (hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015 rdpress.com/2015/02/c.png) /02/c.png) where; where;

vu = ultimate max applied shear stress including effects of moments; Mpa Vu = ultimate max applied shear force including effects of moments; N Ac = area of concrete bounded by critical parameter; Ac = bo.d in mm² fc = shear stress capacity of unreinforced concrete and is given by following formula in Mpa; (hps://waseemrana8.files.w (hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/201 ordpress.com/2015/02/b.png) 5/02/b.png) Phi Vc = shear capacity of reinforced concrete and is given by following formula in N;

https://waseemrana.com/2015/02/11/11-february-2015-1258/

1/9

12/4/2017


(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/d1.png) The term Vu-Phi Vc in ACI formula then becomes;

(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/e.png) Left side term Av/s can also be simplified as;

(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/aa.png) where db is the diameter of shear bar and x is total number of legs in one peripheral line around the column. Rearranging the main equation we get;

(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/aaa.png) Going further and puing values of fc and Ac, we get;

(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/eee.png) or

(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/aa1.png) where bo is the critical parameter around column in mm and is given by;


2/9

12/4/2017


(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/a.png) For a given problem or project, values of f’c, fy, bo.d and s/db² are constant and x can be easily calculated as a function of punching ratio in SAFE. Alternatively, if x is kept constant, maximum punching ratio in SAFE can be calculated for the specified punching reinforcement. Having determined that ratio, a uniform detail can be applied to columns having punching ratio less than this value. Above equation can be rearranged for that purpose and is given below;

(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/s.png) Example 1

600mm circular columns with 780mm thick drop panels are used in a flat slab system with effective depth equal to 735mm. It is proposed to use 41 dia 10 bars at 150mm spacing around the column for punching reinforcement. Concrete strength is 45Mpa. Calculate the max SAFE punching ratio up to which this reinforcement can be applied safely. fys is 420 N/mm². For 600mm circular column, bo is: pi(600+735) = 4194 mm Puing this value in Eq: 2, we get;

(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/f.png) See these calculations from SAFE with similar parameters;


3/9

12/4/2017


(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/ddd.jpg) 2. Extent of punching reinforcement

Punching reinforcement is required up to the point beyond which unreinforced concrete alone can carry shear stress. Shear stress capacity of unreinforced concrete in MPa is given by; (hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/b.png) and that for reinforced concrete is half of above value. To calculate shear force capacity we need to multiply this equation by concrete area Ac equal to bo’.d. From this we can calculate bo’, the critical parameter around column outside which concrete can carry entire shear. Value of this critical parameter is simply; (hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/h.png) Next we need to calculate the distance from edges of column to this parameter to place punching shear reinforcement. Following are the examples of interior columns; i. Square columns


4/9

12/4/2017


(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/image016.jpg) From geometry this bo’ for a square column is equal to

B is the column dimension in x and y directions; cx and cy. Puing above equation equal to bo’ and rearranging, we get A in mm as;

ii- Rectangular columns For rectangular columns critical parameter is equal to

and in terms of punching ratio we can write that;

iii- Circular columns


5/9

12/4/2017


(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/image021.jpg) Critical parameter in terms of punching ratio will be;

Also we can relate A of circle and A of square column as;

(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/daum_equation_1423650590326.png) In Example 1 above, A is calculated as;

3. Detailing of punching reinforcement

The most important part of a punching problem is detailing. The first line of shear reinforcement should be put from face of the column a distance not less than 0.35d and not more than 0.4d. These lines of shear reinforcement should be put at spacing s that is equal or less than 0.5d up to a distance that is 0.5d away from critical parameter boundary.


6/9

12/4/2017


Lets apply this to example 1; A is calculated as [1.47*2(600+735)-600]/2 = 1662mm l = A-0.85d = 1662-0.85*735 = 1038mm No. of single leg stirrups required are: l/s + 1 = 1038/150 + 1 = 8. This is different from SAFE results of 3 legs. First, because we used a ratio of 1.47 and not 1.44 as SAFE calculated, second, in SAFE vu is integrated from stresses along punching parameter. It does not take max values. Maximum limit on shear stress vu as per ACI is 0.5(f’c^0.5). This corresponds to SAFE punching ratio of 0.5/0.33 = 1.52 or simply 1.5. But SAFE often calculates punching reinforcement up to ratios as high as 1.75 for the same reason mentioned above. You can use the approach defined in this article by using equation 1 above to arrive at specified punching details and calculate its corresponding punching ratios. Then just simply look at SAFE model and specify the appropriate detail you have developed.


7/9

12/4/2017


(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/1.jpg)

(hps://waseemrana8.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/untitled.png) It can also be calculated conservatively that zone outside the drop panel will not fail in punching if;


8/9

12/4/2017


Tags: flat slab punching, punching reinforcement, safe punching, safe punching ratios, shear capacity

3 responses to “Punching Reinforcement in SAFE” 1. John August 27, 2016 at 11:42 PM · · Reply is there feature in SAFE to actually detail the punching shear reinforcement ? →

Rana Waseem August 30, 2016 at 4:14 PM · · Reply

→

Dear John, I am not aware of any such feature. 2. Pingback:

–


·

9/9

Punching Reinforcement in SAFE _ WASEEM RANA

Recommend Documents