PSCAD Power Electronics Lab Manual

% &+/K" U< O>EH*E$H> %+V@ O>H*#A#>< ,R G(=*EJ> %/''K" O>X)#<>C ,R =#$K H)<<>$* %&K8 U< Y"8%/Z[.[[ U<#JJ><#$J E$J=>%\ ,R =#$K <>;#;*E$H>%/ (D9 6$G><*>< ,R G(=*EJ> %\

Xc

:=

Xtrfr⋅

( Vsec⋅ 2)

";>H %&+/K" W*
OCH%/ ^D9 "C#% \

2

MVA⋅ 2

WH% &[.V?V (D9

Vdr :=

( 3⋅

2⋅ 2 ⋅ Vsec) ⋅ cos ( α)

−

π

3⋅ Xc ⋅

Id π

' ! Vdr + 3⋅ Id⋅ Xc  $ ) π  & #  Cos ( α) := + , 1 + 3⋅ 2⋅ 2 ⋅ Vsec⋅ , π * ( ] %+[.[& C>J Vdi := Vdr − Id ⋅ Rdc

"C#%2Z'K" !

O)$ *D> ;#9)=E*#($ Q#*D A#<#$J E$J=> ;>* *( +[.[& C>JI H(9:E<> *D> 9EJ$#*)C> (A ,R ()*:)* G(=*EJ> (A <>H*#A#>< Q#*D *D> *D>(<>*#HE==P HE=H)=E*>C GE=)>;.

!

^F;> ;*E=*E <>H*#A#>< ,R _ :)=;> QEG>A(<9; Q#*D E$C Q#*D()* A#=*><. 8=;( (F;> *D> :DE;> ;D#A* F>*Q>>$ F(*D *D> ,R _ :)=;> QEG>A(<9; H<>E*>C FP *< H($A#J)J :DE;> ;D#A*N E$C E=;( (F;> +& :)=;> ,R G(=*EJ> QEG>A(<9;.

!

RE=H)=E*> *D> A#<#$J E$J=>; <>X)#<>C *( J>$> *D> C#A A><>$* GE=)>; (A <>H*#A#>< G(=*EJ>I QD#HD #$ *)<$ E==(Q; A=(Q (A C#AA><>$* GE=)>; (A ,R H)<<>$*` +./K8I +K8 E$C './ K8I 3>>:#$J #$G><*>< G(=*EJ> H($;*E$* E$C G><#AP Q#*D *D> *D>(<>*#HE= GE=)>;.

!

3>>:#$J <>H*#A#>< G(=*EJ> H($;*E$*I HE=H)=E*> *D> #$G><*>< G(= *EJ> <>X)#<>C *( E==(Q C#AA><>$* GE=)>; (A ,R H)<<>$*. "><#AP Q#*D *D> ;#9)=E*#($ <>;)=*;.

J3@)E'*:1< Voltages 350    )    V    k    (   s   m   r   o    f   e   v   a   w   e   s    l   u   p    6    C    D

Vdc 6p Delta

Vdc 6p Wye

300 250 200 150 100 50 600

   )    V    k    (

  m   r   o    f   e   v   a    W   e   s    l   u    P    2    1    C    D

Vdc 12p

550 500 450 400 350 300 100

VvD #1

VvY #1

50    )    V    k    (   s   e   g   a    t    l   o   v   e   v    l   a    V

0 -50 -100 -150 -200 -250 -300 -350

Time

0.1050

0.1100

0.1150

0.1200

0.1250

0.1300

0.1350

0.1400

0.1450

!"#$%& C) R$15$1 3- S.;1@#& < @0&>.%AF T 5$;F& B&;1@6 T 5$;F& F1@%6 (2 5$;F& @/B !$/B@A&/1@; S@;0& 0.;1@#& ./ 1=& F1@% @/B 3&;1@ F"B& +.//&+1&B 0@;0&F

Vsecharm_delta

Vdcharm 21.0

1.6

0.0

0.0

kV rms

[1] 0.320528

kV rms

[5] 0.270205

!"#$%& G) U@%A./"+F "/ (2 5$;F& 3- @/B F&+./B@%: F"B& .> F1@%VB&;1@ W%@/F>.%A&%

AC Side Currents 3.0

   )    A    k    (    t   n   e   r   r   u   c   e   n    i    l    A   e   s   a    h    P

Phase A Line Current

2.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 -3.0 2.00

   )    A    k    (   s    t   n   e   r   r   u    C   e   n    i    l   y   r   a   m    i   r    P  .   r    f   r    T

   )    A    k    (    t   n   e   r   r   u   c   e   n    i    l   y   r   a    d   n   o   c   e    S  .   r    f   r    T

Time

Delta Prim. Line Current

Wye Prim. Line Current

Delta Sec. Line Current

Wye Sec. Line Current

1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 -0.50 -1.00 -1.50 -2.00

2.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 0.100

0.120

0.140

0.160

0.180

0.200

0.220

0.240

0.260

!"#$%& H) K.$%+& 7=@F& -$%%&/1 @/B W%@/F>.%A&% 5%"A@%: @/B F&+./B@%: ;"/& +$%%&/1F

#0*-60. G<

0.597 [H] 2.5 [ohm]

Acknowledgements: the former Garry Mazur,  HVDC Controls expert student, friend and colleague

2.5 [ohm] 0.597 [H]

Idc

SIMPLE 12-PULSE Inverter Workshop 2 (60 Hz Case) Course 24.799 - HVDC Transmission I Dr. Ani Gole Converted to V 3.x by J. Nordstrom Feb 5, 2002

Meters and Graphs

Vdc12p

ComBus AM GM

2

6

4

A

A

AO KB

5

3

   0   =    R   V

B

B

C

C

A

585.811 [MVA]

GRD

A

B

B

230.0 [kV] C 207.115 [kV]

C

#2

#1

1000 MVA, 230 kV (nominal), 50 Hz

1

Voltage Source A

V   d   c   6   p Y 

Eab 3 Phase RMS

AC Bus Volts

B C

ComBus AM GM

2

6

4

A

A

B

B

AO

C

C

KB

*

5

3

#2

NOTE: CHECK ACTUAL SOURCE VOLTAGE. 230 kVis onlythe 'nameplate' voltage. You may(or may not!) have to edit the parameters to s elect YOUR desired voltage!

A

585.811 [MVA]

GRS

#1

B

230.0 [kV] C 207.115 [kV]    ]   m    h   o    [    6    E    0  .    1

1

KBI

TIME

Delta Transformer Secondary Winding IvaD

1

Mag (15)

FFT

5

7

11

13

DC Signal Filtering

Ph (15) dc

F = 60.0 [Hz]

Vdc12p

D

+

-

Vdc 6p Delta F

Vdc6pY

12-Pulse DC

G 1 + sT

Wye and Delta Bridge

Source Output

Transform...

Vdc 6p Delta Filt'd Iad

1

Mag (7)

FFT

2

3

4

1 Vdc6pY

Ph (7)

Vdc12p

Pbus

PU Real Power

Delta Prim. Line Current

VvY IvaD

G 1 + sT

dc

F = 360.0 [Hz]

Vdc 6p Wye

1 Vdc 6p Wye Filt'd

Qbus

PU Reactive Power

Delta Sec. Line Current

VvD Iay

Vdc12p

Eab

Bus LL Voltage

Iasrc

Phase A Line Current

Wye Prim. Line Current

Vdc 12p IvaY

Base freq = 300 Hz

G 1 + sT

Idc Vdc 12p Filt`d

!"#$%& T) (2 7$;F& 4/0&%1&% -"%+$"1

%)10H/ +I63.0'/1< U< 1>H($CE

% &'[.++/K" U< O>EH*E$H> %+V@ O>H*#A#>< ,R G(=*EJ> %\ O>X)#<>C ,R =#$K H)<<>$* %&K8 U< Y"8%/V/.V++ U<#JJ><#$J E$J=>%\ ,R =#$K <>;#;*E$H>%/ (D9 6$G><*>< ,R G(=*EJ> %\ Xc

:=

Xtrfr⋅

( Vsec⋅ 2)

2

MVA⋅ 2

WH% &_.?_+ (D9 Vdi :=

(3⋅

2⋅ 2 ⋅ Vsec) ⋅ cos ( γ  )

−

3⋅ Xc ⋅

π

Id π

"C#%2V[.?ZK"

ab:<>;;#$J *D#; >X)E*#($ #$ *><9; (A ] Vdi :=

(−3⋅

2⋅ 2 ⋅ Vsec) ⋅ cos ( α) π

+

3⋅ Xc ⋅

Id π

";>H %&'[.++/K" W*JI ]%\

OCH%/ ^D9 "C#% \

DC Current

Wye Sec. Line Current

] %+2+.?V C>J "C< % "C# c /d6CdWH "C<%2Z[.?ZK" !

O)$ *D> ;#9)=E*#($ Q#*D A#<#$J E$J=> ;>* *( +2+.?V C>JI H(9:E<> *D> 9EJ$#*)C> (A ,R ()*:)* G(=*EJ> (A #$G><*>< Q#*D *D> *D>(<>*#HE==P HE=H)=E*>C GE=)>;.

!

^F;> ;*E=*E #$G><*>< ,R _ :)=;> QEG>A(<9; Q#*D E$C Q#*D()* A#=*><. 8=;( (F;> *D> :DE;> ;D#A* F>*Q>>$ F(*D *D> ,R _ :)=;> QEG>A(<9; H<>E*>C FP *< H($A#J)J :DE;> ;D#A*N E$C E=;( (F;> +& :)=;> ,R G(=*EJ> QEG>A(<9;.

!

RE=H)=E*> *D> A#<#$J E$J=>; <>X)#<>C *( J>$> *D> C#A A><>$* GE=)>; (A #$G><*>< G(=*EJ>I QD#HD #$ *)<$ E==(Q; A=(Q (A C#AA><>$* GE=)>; (A ,R H)<<>$*` +./K8I +K8 E$C './ K8I 3>>:#$J <>H*#A#>< G(=*EJ> H($;*E$* E$C G><#AP Q#*D *D> *D>(<>*#HE= GE=)>;.

!

3>>:#$J #$G><*>< G(=*EJ> H($;*E$*I HE=H)=E*> *D> <>H*#A#>< G(=*EJ> <>X)#<>C A(< C#AA><>$* GE=)>; (A , R H)<<>$*. "><#AP Q#*D *D> ;#9)=E*#($ <>;)=*;.

J3@)E'*:1< Voltages 300

Vdc 6p Delta

Vdc 6p Wye

280    )    V    k    (    e    s    l    u    p    6    C    D

260 240 220 200 180 160 530

Vdc 12p

520 510    )    V    k    (    e    s    l    u    p    2    1    C    D

500 490 480 470 460 450 440 430 300

VvD #1

VvY #1

250    )    V    k    (    s    e    g    a    t    l    o    V    e    v    a    l    V

200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 0.4600

0.4650

0.4700

0.4750

0.4800

0.4850

0.4900

0.4950

0.5000

!"#$%& X) R$15$1 3- S.;1@#& < @0&>.%AF T 5$;F& B&;1@6 T 5$;F& F1@%6 (2 5$;F& @/B !$/B@A&/1@; S@;0& 0.;1@#& ./ 1=& F1@% @/B 3&;1@ F"B& +.//&+1&B 0@;0&F

AC Side Currents Phase A Line Current

5.0 4.0    )    A    k    (    t   n   e   r   r   u   c   e   n    i    l    A   e   s   a    h    P

3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 -3.0 -4.0 3.0

   )    A    k    (   s    t   n   e   r   r   u   c   e   n    i    l  .    i   r   p   r   e   m   r   o    f   s   n   a   r    T

Wye Prim. Line Current

Delta Sec. Line Current

Wye Sec. Line Current

2.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 -3.0 3.0

   )    A    k    (   s    t   n   e   r   r   u   c   e   n    i    l  .   c   e    S   r   e   m   r   o    f   s   n   a   r    T

Delta Prim. Line Current

2.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 -3.0 0.175

0.200

0.225

0.250

0.275

0.300

0.325

0.350

0.375

0.400

!"#$%& Y) K.$%+& 7=@F& -$%%&/1 @/B W%@/F>.%A&% 5%"A@%: @/B F&+./B@%: ;"/& +$%%&/1F

Vsecharm_delta

Vdcharm 27.0

1. 9

0.0

0. 0

kV rms

[2] 26.0524

kV rms

[1] 1.8663

!"#$%& Z) U@%A./"+F "/ (2 5$;F& 3- @/B F&+./B@%: F"B& .> F1@%VB&;1@ W%@/F>.%A&%

234'*3.'*7 +89)*0:)/.Q< "0:9,) T"L A4B)-.0@)<

C' 6/?)*1.3/? .D) '9)*3.0'/ 'E 10:9,) T',.3H) "'6*-) L /@)*.)*

234'*3.'*7 C31>1< ;F =60,? 3 10/H,) 9D31) T',.3H) "'6*-) L/@)*.)* :'?), GF  $/3,7U) (3@)E'*:1 #0*-60. ;< Vs

S1

D

D

     L      V

C1

S1 C2

IL      0    =      R

10 [ohm] 0.025 [H]

S1

D

D

S1

C2

C1

!"#$%& () K"/#;& 5=@F& 0.;1@#& F.$%+& "/0&%1&%

!

B)#=C *D> EF(G> H# F=E$K ;:EH> (A *D> C>;#J$ >C#*(< E$C ;>=>H* :<(L>H* ;>**#$J;I >$*>< *D> *#9> ;*>:%:=(* ;*>:% /); M+-+'01N E$C C)
!

O)$ *D> ;#9)=E*#($ E$C (F;> *D> ()*:)* E$C #$:)* QEG>A(<9;

!

RDE$J> *D> ;Q#*HD#$J A<>X)>$HP E$C H(99>$* ( $ *D> ()*:)* QEG>A(<9;

J3@)E'*:1< Main : Graphs

 .    l    o    V

150 100 50

   P    /    O    d    n    a    P    /    I

-50 -100 -150 C1

C2

0.0 0.060

   t    n    e    r    r    u    C    r    o    t    c    u    d    n    I

Vs

0

1.00    e    s    l    u    P  .    q    e    r    F    h    g    i    H

VL

IL

0.040 0.020 0.000 -0.020 -0.040

-0.060  Time 0.0134

0.0136

0.0138

0.0140

0.0142

0.0144

0.0146

!"#$%& 2) 4/5$1 @/B .$1 0.;1@#& < @0&>.%AF6 N@1& F"#/@;F @/B .$15$1 +$%%&/1

234'*3.'*7 +89)*0:)/.Q< "0:9,) %# 53-D0/) %*0@) A4B)-.0@)<

C' 6/?)*1.3/? .D) '9)*3.0'/ 'E 10:9,) %# 53-D0/) %*0@)

9.1"0@1"./ aG>$ *D()JD #$C)H*#($ 9EHD#$>; DEG> F>H(9> 9(<> :(:)=E< $(QECEP;I ,R 9EHD#$>; E<> );>C #$ E::=#HE*#($; QD><> #* $>>C; E J<>E* C>E= (A A=>b#F#=#*P #$ *><9; (A H($*<(==#$J ;:>>C E$C *(. UD> :)<:(;> (A *D#; >b> #; *( ;*)CP *D> ,R 9EHD#$> 9(C>= EGE#=EF=> #$ *D> e1R8, 9E;*>< =#F;*#JE*> *D> C<#G> H#C *( H($*<(= *D> ;:>>C E$C *( (A *D> 9EHD#$>. 7K-M3 A.B&; ,R 9EHD#$> H($;#;*; (A *Q( :E<*; E; 0#>=C E$C 8<9E*)<>. 0#>=C QD#HD HE$ F> >#*D>< E Q#$C#$J (< E :><9E$>$* 9EJ$>* :<(C)H>; *D> <>X)#<>C A=)b. 8 ;HD>9E*#H <>:<>;>$*E*#($ (A E UQ( f#$C#$J ,R YEHD#$> #; ;D(Q$ F>=(Q`

!"#$%& () K+=&A@1"+ I&5%&F&/1@1"./ .> 1<. <"/B"/# 3- A@+="/&

UD> UQ( f#$C#$J ,R YEHD#$> ;D(Q$ #$ *D> 0#J)<> + EF(G> HE$ F> C>;H<#F>C FP *D> A(==(Q#$J *Q( >X)E*#($;`

UD> >AA>H*#G> #$C)H>C G(=*EJ> (< *D> >AA>H*#G> FEHK >9AI a Ag>I E* E$P J#G>$ ;:>>C HE$ F> C><#G>C A<(9 *D> ^:>$ R# RDE<#;*#H; E$C *D> 8<9E*)<> O>EH*#($ CE*E. [RW\` UD> GE<#E*#($ E$C (A 7 E  E$C 7A   Q><> $(* H($;#C><>C. U>;* <>;)=*; H(9:E<>C Q#*D ;#9)=E*#($; ;D(Q>C *DE* $>J=>H*#$J *D#; C(>; $(* DEG> E ;#J$#A#HE$* >AA>H* ($ *D> EHH ) >=>H*<(S9>HDE$#HE= *(I U>I C>G>=(:>C FP *D> 9EHD#$> #; J#G>$ FP` U>% K #E U> #$ :>< )$#* #; EGE#=EF=> E; E$ ()*:)* A<(9 *D> 9(C>= R($;#C>< *D> (:>$ H#<#;*#H (A *D> 9(*(<. UD> #$C)H>C G(=*EJ> ($ *D> E<9E*)<> *><9#$E=;I aA'I QD>$ H)<<>$*I 6A I #; A=(Q#$J #$ *D> A#>=C Q#$C#$J #; J#G>$ FP`

fD><>` QS

K

O(*(< ;:>>C h
0=)b :>< :(=>

S

8 H($;*E$*

UD> (:>$ H#<#;*#H E* *D> J#G>$ ;:>>CI Q+I *EK>; *D> A(<9 ;D(Q$ F>=(Q`

!"#$%& 2 ) R5&/ +"%+$"1 +=@%@+1&%"F1"+ @1 1=& #"0&/ F5&&B <(

UD> GE<#E*#($ (A *D> *><9 K

HE$ F> C><#G>C A<(9 *D> HDE<#;*#H; ;D(Q$ F>=(Q`

!"#$%& C) S@%"@1"./ .> ,]

Kj #; >b:<>;;>C #$ *D> A(<9` fD><>`

6A 

0#>=C H)<<>$* 1E*) >;*#9E*>C

6AC( );#$J E ;)#*EF=> H) A#**#$J 9>*D(C

w Te

+ + -

!"#$%& G ) W<. <"/B"/# 3- A@+="/& A.B&; "/ 7K-M3

0#J.2` <>:<>;>$*; *D> *Q( Q#$C#$J ,R 9EHD#$> 9(C>= EGE#=EF=> )$C>< kYEHD#$>;l #$ *D> kYE;*>< =#F E<9E*)<> *><9#$E=; M<#JD* ;#C> c E$C SN E$C *D> A#>=C Q#$C#$J *><9#$E=; M*(: c E$C SN E<> EGE#=EF=> E; >b*><$E= >=>H*<#HE= H($$>H*#($;. UD#; >$EF=>; *D> ;#9)=E*#($ (A E ;>:E=P >bH#*>C 9EHD#$>I ;D)$* 9EHD#$> (< E ;><#>; 9EHD#$>. UD> #$:)* E$C ()*:)* ;#J$E=; A(< *D#; H(9:($>$* #; C>;H<#F>C E; A(==(Q;` f` 6$:)* 9>HDE$#HE= ;:>>C (A *D> <(*(< h:)i U>` ^)*:)* >=>H*<#H *( J>$> C FP *D> 9EHD#$> h:)i UD<()JD()* *D#; >b>I E ;>:E=P >bH #*>C ,R 9EHD#$> #; );>C. K:F1&A R0&%0"&< 3- A@+="/& <"1= +./1%.;;@P;& 3- 0.;1@#& F.$%+&FL J-@F& 3-^A@+="/&^"/1%.L5F+_Q 0#J)<> / <>:<>;>$*; E ;>:E=P >bH#*>C ,R 9EHD#$> QD(;> A#>=C E$C E<9E*)<> Q#$C#$J E<> GE<#>C );#$J H($*<(==EF=> G(=*EJ> ;(); C)<#$J <)$*#9>.

!"#$%& H ` 3- A@+="/& <"1= +./1%.;;@P;& 3- 0.;1@#& F.$%+&F

9&+=@/"+@; 9.B&; .> 1=& F:F1&A UD> C#AA><>$*#E= >X)E*#($ (A *D> =(EC 9(C>= #; J#G>$ FP * D> A(==(Q#$J >X)E*#($. 6$ D><> U #; *D> EHH>=>m n E$C B E<> *D> #$><*#E E$C A<#H*#($ (A *D> =(EC E$C 9(*(<.

U % U> o U9 U> % a=>H*<#HE= *(I U9 % Y>HDE$#HE= *( UD#; C#AA><>$*#E= >X)E*#($ HE$ F> 9(C>=>C );#$J H($*<(= F=(HK E; ;D(Q$ #$ 0#J` 2 . R($;#C>< *D> ;)99#$J :(#$* :<#(< *( *D> #$*>J; *D> A(==(Q#$J >X)E*#($.

Mechanical System Model Rated Speed wb wb [1/s] J

J (Rotating Inertia)

D J J [kg.m2]

B B [N.m.s]

Te

*

D

+

+

D

F

20.0 Rated Current

*

N

1 sT

-

N/D

F

Tl

N/D

N

N/D

wm

D wb

Tl [N.m]

D 100.0 Rated Voltage

N

*

Load Torque [N.m] wb

B

B (Damping Coefficient)

J [kg.m2] 0.05

Main : Controls B [N.m.s] wb [1/s] 0.1

250

Tl [N.m] 20    p  u

0

0.01

0

0.04

0

188.5

0

0

!"#$%& T ) 9&+=@/"+@; A.B&; .> 1=& F:F1&A

3- A@+="/&F <"1= 1<. 3- 0.;1@#& F.$%+&F @/B @ +=.55&% +"%+$"1 1. +./1%.; 1=& @%A@1$%& 0.;1@#& J-@F& ) B+^A@+="/&^B%"0&^B+L5F+_Q 6$ *D#; :E<* (A *D> >b>I A#>=C Q#$C#$J G(=*EJ> #; K>:* E* E H($;*E$* GE=)> QD#=> E<9E*)<> G(=*EJ> #; GE<#>C );#$J E HD(::>< H#< #; F)#=* );#$J A()< #$C#G#C)E= A)==P H($*<(==>C ;Q#*HD>; M#$ *D#; >b>I 6$;)=E*>C pE*> B#:(=E< n)$H*#($ UCN. pE*> ;#J$E=; A(< *D> ;Q#*HD>; E<> J>$>C );#$J *D> 9(*(< C<#G> H# A#<#$J :)=;> J>$>9> E; C>;H <#F>C $>b*. Y(*(< C<#G> H# VN H(9:E<>; *D> ;:>>C <>A><>$H> Q#*D *D> EH*)E= 9>E;)<>9>$* E$C J>$>; *D> H($*<(= ;#J$E= A(< *D> A#<#$J :)=;> J>$>X)>$HP *<#E$J=> QEG>A(<9 #; H(9:E<>C Q#*D *D> J>$>C H($*<(= ;#J$E= *( :<(C)H> *D> JE*> ;#J$E= #$ *D> A#<#$J :)=;> J>$> ZN.

R=0 3

1

3

2 gt3

1

2 gt1    0   =    R

I   f   -

+

  a    E

Ia

w wm

+

Te Te

-

Eab    b    E

4

2

4

2 gt4

2

2 gt2

!"#$%& X ) 3- A@+="/& <"1= +=.55&% +"%+$"1 ./ 1=& @%A@1$%& +"%+$"1

J@QL 9.1.% B%"0& +"%+$"1 P = 9.622 T = 0.2 [s] Max.Lmit = 10000 Min.Limit = -10000

P = 0.605 T = 0.04 [s] Max.Lmit = 10000 Min.Limit = -10000

P D speed ref wm

+

P D

-

I F

+

vcontrol

-

I F

Speed controller

Ia

* 1000

DC motor drive

!"#$%& Y) 9.1.% 3%"0& -"%+$"1

* 0.02

Current controller

JPQ

!"%"/# 5$;F& #&/&%@1"./ +"%+$"1 F = 500 Hz

A gt1 B Com parator

vtri

gt2

A

*

vcontrol

gt1

vcntl2

gt3 B Comparator

-1.0

gt3

gt4

Firing pulse generator

!"#$%& Z) !"%"/# 5$;F& #&/&%@1"./ +"%+$"1

(L 3- A@+="/& <"1= 1<. M- F:F1&AF @/B F"_ 5$;F& P%"B#& +"%+$"1 J-@F& ) K"A5;&^3-^3%"0&L5F+_Q ,R ;)::=#>; E<> $(<9E==P $(* EGE#=EF=> *D<()JD )*#=#*P ;)::=P. UD<>> :DE;> (< ;#$J=> :DE;> EH ;)::=P E* /'-_' 45 #; *D> C#;*<#F)*>C ;)::=P. UD#; :E<* (A >b> C>9($;*; D(Q *( C<#G> E CH 9(*(< );#$J E *D<>> :DE;> G(=*EJ> ;)::=P. @L

I&+1">"&% P@F&B 3- A.1.% B%"0&) 0#>=C Q#$C#$J E$C *D> E<9E*)<> Q#$C#$J (A *D> CH 9EH D#$> E<> H($$>H*>C *( *D<>> :DE;> ;(); *D<()JD E ;#b :)=;> F<#CJ> H($G><*><. UD> :)<:(;> (A *D> ;#b :)=;> F<#CJ> #; *( H($G><* *D> 8R ;() *( E H($*<(==EF=> ,R ;)::=P. kUQ( Q#$C#$J ,R 9EHD#$>l M0#J` &N 9(C>= )$C>< *D> kYEHD#$>;l #$ * D> kYE;*>< =#FC E; *D> ,R 9EHD#$>. k_ :)=;> F<#CJ>l M0#J` +N H(9:($>$* #$ *D> =#F< >=>H*<($#H;l #$ *D> kYE;*>< =#FC E; *D> H($G><*>< F<#CJ>. UD#; <>C)H>; *D> *#9> E$C >AA(<*; $>>C>C *( F)#=C *D> ;#b :)=;> F<#CJ> );#$J #$C#G#C)E= *DP<#;*(<;. UD#; H(9:($>$* #; E H(9:EH* <>:<>;>$*E*#($ (A E ,R H($G><*>; E F)#=* #$ _S:)=;> p*5 H($G><*>< F<#CJ> MHE$ F> #$G><*>< (< <>H*#A#><$E= eDE;> 7(HK>C ^;H#==E*(< Me7^NI A#<#$J E$C GE=G> F=(HK#$J H($*<(=; E$C A#<#$J E$J=> MEN->b*#$H*#($ E$J=> MJN 9>E;)<>9>$*;. 6* E=;( #$H=)C>; F)#=* #$ OR ;$)FF>< H#EHD *DP<#;*(<.

ComBus AM A

1

3

5

GM

B C

AO 4

6

2

KB

!"#$%& (D ) W=%&& 5=@F& 0"&< .> 1=& K"_V5$;F& *%"B#&

0#G> 9E#$ H($*<(= #$:)*;-()*:)*; E<> EGE#=EF=> #$ *D> ;#b :)=;> F<#CJ> $E9>=P 8YI pYI 8^I 3B E$C R(9B);. R(9B); #; );>C *( J#G> *D> #$:)* ;#J$E= *( *D> eDE;> =(HK>C ^;H#==E*(<. UD#; >$;)<>; *D> :><#(C#H $E*)<> (A *D> H($G><*>< ()*:)*. ^*D>< $(C>; A)$H*#($ E<> J#G>$ F>=(Q MR` 6$:)* E=:DE (< MA#<#$J E$J=>N A(< *D> H($G><*><. a*) 6$:)* F=(HK-C>F=(HK H($*<(= ;#J$E=. M9) Y>E;)<>C E=:DE MA#<#$J E$J=>N ()*:)* hE;)<>C JE99E M>b*#$H*#($ E$J=>N ()*:)* h E<> #$*><>;*>C #$ ($=P 3BI 8^ E$C R(9B); A(< *D#; ;*)CP. 0#<#$J E$J=> (A *D> *Q( H($G><*><; QD#HD E<> J>$>C FP *D> A#>=C H)<<>$* H($*<(= ;P;*>9 E$C E9E*>)< H)<<>$* H($*<(= ;P;*>9 E<> A>C #$*( *D> k8^l #$:)* (A *D> <>;:>H*#G> H($G><*>< F<#CJ>. If Vf

ComBus AM

Vf A

A

B

B

C

C

1

3

5

GM If

 0  .  0   0   5   [   H   ]  

Vnet

* 0.25

   V

 0  .  0   0   5   [   H   ]  

   A

 0  .  0   0   5   [   H   ]  

B

AO Theta_f 4

6

2

KB

1.0

   C

Ia

Va

G 1 + sT

1 [H]

Va Va_fltr

Va

ComBus AM

Ia A

A

B

B

C

1

3

5

+

GM

w

+ -

C

wm Te Te

AO Theta_a 4

 0  .  0   0  1   [   H   ]  

Vnet

* 0.5

   V

   A

 0  .  0   0  1   [   H   ]  

6

2

KB

1.0

 0  .  0   0  1   [   H   ]  

B

   C

-

wm

Armature Rectifier

!"#$%& (( ) \;&+1%"+@; F:F1&A .> 1=& K"A5;& 3- B%"0& +"%+$"1

@L

!"&;B +$%%&/1 +./1%.; F:F1&A Field Current Control Loop

P Va_ref D

+

-

P If_ref D

+

I

F Va_fltr

-

ArcCos

Theta_f

I

F If !"#$%& (2 ) !"&;B +$%%&/1 +./1%.; F:F1&A

0#J)<> +& <>:<>;>$*; *D> F=(HK C#EJ A#>=C H)<<>$* H($*<(= ;P;*>9 QD#HD :<(C)H>; *D> JE*> ;#J$E= A(< *D> H($G><*>< F<#CJ> #$ *D> A#>=C Q#$C#$J. UD#; H($*<(= ;P;*>9 H($;#;*; (A *Q( =((:;. ^)*>< =((: QD#HD H(9:E<> *D> <>A><>$H> E<9E*)<> G(=*EJ> E$C EH*)E= 9E*)<> G(=*EJ>I J>$>; *D> <>A><>$H> A#>=C H)<<>$*. 6$$>< H)<<>$* H($*<(= =((: H(9:E<>; *D> <>A><>$H> A#>=C H)<<>$* :<(C)H>; FP *D> ()*>< =((: Q#*D *D> EH*)E= A#>=C H)<<>$* *( J>$> *D> A#>=C H($G><*>< JE*> ;#J$E=; PL M%A@1$%& +$%%&/1 +./1%.; F:F1&A Armature Current Control Loop

P w_ref D

+

-

F wm

P Ia_ref D

I

+

-

ArcCos

Theta_a

I

F Ia !"#$%& (C) M%A@1$%& +$%%&/1 +./1%.; F:F1&A

8<9E*)<> H)<<>$* H($*<(= ;HD>9> Q( A#>=C H)<<>$* H($*<(= ;P;*>9. 1:>>C <>A><>$H> E$C EH*)E= ;:>>C E<> H(9:E<>C E* *D> ()*>< =((: *( J>$> *D> E<9E*)<> H)<<>$* <>A><>$H> *( *D> #$$>< H)<<>$* H($*<(= =((: QD#HD J>$>; *D> E<9E*)<> H($G><*>< JE*> ;#J$E=;. \_5&%"A&/1

+. B)#=C E $>Q HE;> E$C ;EG> #* E; 1#9:=>g,Rg, H# /. 1*)CP *D> ,R 9(*(< :E*><; #$ *D> e1R8, 9(C>=. RDE$J> *D> E<9E*)<> E$C A#>=C G(=*EJ> E$C ;>> D(Q *D> ;:>>C E$C =(EC *( E<> GE<#>C. 1EG> *D> ;P;*>9 E; 1#9:=>g,Rg, HE;> 1#9:=>g,Rg, [. RDE$J> *D> ,H G(=*EJ> ;()q; k6$:)* 9>*D(Cl E; #$*><$E=. 1>* *D> E<9E*)<> G(=*EJ> ;() E; '.+? K" E$C A#>=C G(=*EJ> ;() E; '.'/ K". Y(C>= *D> 9(*(< C<#G> E$C A#<#$J :)=;> J>$>:#H*>C #$ 0#J)<> V E$C 0#J)<> Z . 6$G>;*#JE*> *D> GE<#(); H(9:($>$*; #$ *D> H($*<(= H# ;:>>C <>A><>$H> E$C (F;> *D> HDE$J> (A ;P;*>9 :E*><;.

+. 1EG> *D> HE;> 1#9:=>g,Rg,9(G> *D> ,R ;(); E$C 9(*(< C<#G> H# HE;> E$C 9(C#AP #* *( DEG> E HE;> E; <>:<>;>$*#$J #$ 0#J)<>; ++I +& E$C +?. 6$G>;*#JE*> *D> k;#b :)=;> F<#CJ>l H(9:($>$* E$C #*; :E*><;. "E<#>C *D> ;:>>C <>A><>$H> E$C (F;> *D> ;P;*>9 :E*><;. I&F$;1F

+. 0(==(Q#$J ;>X)>$H> #; E::=#>C #$;*>EC (A HDE$J#$J ;=#C><; A(< GE
S

Start Sequence

S

Va = 0.0 S

S

Set

S

Set

Va = 0.1

Vf = 0.03

Wait For

Vf = 0.02

1.5 [s]

Set

1.5 [s]

S

S

Va = 0.1 S

Wait For 1.5 [s]

Set

S

Wait For

1.5 [s]

Set

S

Va = 0.05 S

Wait For

Wait For

Vf = 0.03

1.5 [s]

Set

S

!"#$%& (G ) -=@/#"/# F&?$&/+& .> S@ @/B S>

Main : Gra hs wm 1.50 1.25 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 -0.25 3.0

Te

2.0 1.0 0.0 -1.0 -2.0 sec

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

!"#$%& (H ) K5&&B @/B W.%?$& +=@%@+1&%"F1"+

&. 1:>>C <>A><>$H> #; HDE$J>C );#$J ;=#C>< C)<#$J *D> <)$*#9>.

9.0

10.0

Set

1.20

wm

wref

1.00    )   u   p    (

   d   e   e   p    S

0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 If

   )    A    (    t   n   e   r   r   u    C    d    l   e    i    F

2.00 1.75 1.50 1.25 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 25.0

   )    A    (    t   n   e   r   r   u    C   e   r   u    t   a   m   r    A

Ia

20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 -5.0 -10.0 0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

!"#$%& (T ) K5&&B @/B W.%?$& +=@%@+1&%"F1"+

?. 1:>>C <>A><>$H> #; HDE$J>C );#$J k1#$J=> 6$:)* 7>G>= R(9:E #$ *D> e1R8, kYE;*>< =#F< kR1Y0l E; ;D(Q$ F>=(Q. 4><> ;#9)=E*#($ <)$ *#9> #; H(9:E<>C E$C #A #* >bH>>C; *D> *D<>;D(=C =#9#* ;>* #$ *D> H(9:($>$*I #* HDE$J>; * D> ()*:)* GE=)>. TIME

!"#$%& (X ) <@: .> -=@/#"/# K5&&B %&>&%&/+&

Main : Graphs

  y

  y

  y

2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 -0.50 -1.00 -1.50 -2.00 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 -0.50 -1.00 -1.50 -2.00 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 -0.50 -1.00 -1.50 -2.00 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60

  y

  y

Va

Vf

Ia

If

wm

0.40 0.20 0.00 -0.20 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 -0.50 -1.00 -1.50 -2.00 0.0

Va_fltr

2.0

4.0

6.0

!"#$%& (Y ) R$15$1 %&F$;1F

8.0

10.0

12.0

Main : Graphs 1.20

wm_ref

wm

1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 -0.20 x

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

!"#$%& (Z ) K5&&B +=@%@+1&%"F1"+

8; ;>>$ A<(9 *D> r 9 J>C #; A#<;* ;>**=>C E* '.Z :). 8A*>< *D> <>A><>$H> #; HDE$J>C *( +.+ :) E* * % / ;I #* #; ;>**=>C E* *DE* GE=)>.

234'*3.'*7 +89)*0:)/. V< !'()* W63,0.7 $/3,7101 610/H 10:9,) ?0'?) 4*0?H) *)-.0E0)* A4B)-.0@)< C' 6/?)*1.3/? .D) '9)*3.0'/ 'E 10:9,) ?0'?) 4*0?H) *)-.0E0)* 3/? N3*:'/0- 3/3,7101

234'*3.'*7 C31>1< ;F #'/1.*6-. 3 10:9,) ?0'?) 4*0?H) *)-.0E0)* GF N3*:'/0- 3/3,7101 'E .D) 1'6*-) 10?) (3@)E'*:1 #0*-60. ;<

D

A

D

D

A V

1   0   0   0  .  0   [    u F   ]  

B C

D

D

1   5  .  0   [    o h  m  ]  

Vd

D

!"#$%& () O/+./1%.;;&B I&+1">"&% JK.$%+&) [&B 9.=@/Q

%)10H/ +I63.0'/1< ";%+'' A%/' "<#::=>%+' Vdc := 3⋅

Vm π

"CH%+?/ Vripple :=

1 2⋅ f ⋅ C

R%+''')0 ! B)#=C *D> EF(G> *D> H# ;#9)=E*#($ Q#*D C>AE)=* <)$*#9> ;>**#$J; E$C G><#AP *D> <>;)=*; Q#*D *D> *D>(<>*#HE= GE=)>; !

RDE$J> *D> GE=)> (A ;() #9:>CE$H> A<(9 <>;#;*E$H> *( #$C)H*E$H> E$C (F;> *D> > AA>H* ($ DE<9($#H; E$C ,R ()*:)* G(=*EJ>

!

Y>E;)<> *D> ;() ;#C> DE<9($#H; );#$J 00U E$C H(99 >$* ($ *D> *P:> (A DE<9($#H; E$C U4,

8@0&>.%AF) Main : Gra hs 30   e   g   a    t    l   o    V   e   c   r   u   o    S

   t   n   e   r   r   u    C   e   c   r   u   o    S

  e   g   a    t    l   o    V    C    D

x

Source Voltage

20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 100 75 50 25 0 -25 -50 -75 -100 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0.050

Source Current

Output DC Voltage

0.100

0.150

0.200

0.250

0.300

!"#$%& 2) K.$%+& S.;1@#&6 K.$%+& -$%%&/1 @/B 3- 0.;1@#&

Harmonics 8.0

Main : C... THD

0.0

[1] 7.23658 !"#$%& C) U@%A./"+F @/B WU3

91.0165

0.350