SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING A Project Proposal For B.E. IV Project (Electronics Engineering) Faculty of Technology and Engineering
By: Amin Maulin Riteshbhai Solanki Deep Kishorbhai Tuvar Nitesh Bharatbhai
Page 2 of 4
I.
Introduction
There are many technologies which are used for waste collection as well as for well managed recycling. In this project, we have introduced an integrated system combined with an embedded system of Zig-Bee, RFID and GSM. The proposed emonitoring system is an embedded system that consists of RFID technology interfaced with ARM 7 micro-controller and a computerized software. The sensors would be placed in the common garbage bins placed in the public places. When the garbage reaches the level of the sensor, then that indication will be given to ARM 7 Controller. The controller will give indication to the driver of garbage pick-up truck as to which garbage bin is completely filled and needs urgent attention. ARM 7 will give indication by sending SMS using GSM technology. In conventional approach a number of trucks collect the solid waste (SW) and then transport and transfer these SW in a pre-specified location, but all the above jobs are not properly monitored. Municipal authority can monitor the SW collecting status through the system and can generate different reports to improve the performance of their service. The prototype, that would be developed in this project can be further improved and used for commercial purpose.
II. Background Green environment is one of the most important demands of the 21st century. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) takes a huge role in polluting the environment. Proper management is required for efficient and effective removal and utilization of the generated MSW. Here we propose an e-monitoring system which consists of an embedded system and computer based software integrated with RFID, ZigBee and GPRS technology. Using the proposed system, the municipal authority can monitor the waste collection status effectively. A lot of polluting sources like haze and emissions are generated from the indiscriminate dumping of MSW. MSW includes household’s refusal and solid wastes generated from industrial, commercial and institutional establishments such as hospitals, markets, streets and industry etc. Now-a-days with the increase in the population of a country and its rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization, the growing volume of MSW and its appropriate management have become more acute to ensure green environment. In the conventional approach, a number of trucks from the municipal authority are sent to the waste bins to collect the solid waste (SW). The wastes are loaded in the truck and then transported and transferred to the pre-specified locations. However, the category of the people involved in collecting and transporting the wastes are usually not responsible enough to make the job well done. Very often the wastes are not collected from each and every waste bin properly due to driver’s attitude and
Page 1 of 4
fatigue. The conventional waste collection and management approach has the following problems:
Lack of information about the collecting time and area. Lack of proper monitoring system for tracking all activities related to solid waste management. Loss of productivity due to inefficient utilization and unauthorized use of vehicles. There is no quick response to urgent cases like overflowing garbage bins, truck accident, breakdown, long-time idling. There is no quick way to respond to a client's complaint about uncollected waste.
The proposal focuses on the following basic objectives:
To develop an electronic monitoring system for solid waste management. The system will have the facility to send SMS to the workers and supervisors. The system will also have ability to monitor regular visits by the cleaning staff, at the bins, thus, ensuring that the garbage thrown outside the bins by the less civilised population of society is picked-up and is put inside the bins for a pick-up later by a garbage pick-up truck.
III.
Implementation
1) Objective of the system installed at the garbage bins: The sensor placed in the garbage bin will detect the amount of garbage in the bin. Whenever it exceeds the pre-determined limit, the sensor would send a signal to the main office asking for the bin to be emptied. 2) Objective of the system installed inside the garbage pick-up truck: This system will record the date of garbage pick-up from a particular bin. This would help in scheduling future pick-ups and also in managing the most actively used garbage bins, this in return would allow the pick-up staff to avoid trips to empty garbage bins and would also ensure the attendance of pick-up staff at the bins. 3) Objective of the RFID cards given to the sweepers: It is no good, when, sometimes people throw the garbage outside - in the area surrounding the bins. This RFID card would ensure that the cleaning staff visits the site daily to pick up the garbage from the surroundings. This off-site attendance monitoring system would ensure regular visits from the cleaning staff. 4) Objective of the system installed at the office: This is the main system with does the dual task of receiving the monitoring signals as well as managing the waste regularly. It does the task of showing when either of bins is full and thereby avoiding the case of dirty overflowing bins because of neglect by the staff. It would also calculate and schedule a garbage pick-up based on the last pick-up.
Page 2 of 4
IV. Major Components 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
Ultrasonic Sensor RFID Tag Zig-Bee Module ARM 7 µC RS-232 Cable
6) 7) 8) 9)
Page 3 of 4
GSM Module 8051 based µC RFID Reader LCD
V. Suggested Names VI. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)
Versatile Solid Waste Management System. Solid Waste Management using smart electronic modules. GSM, Zig-Bee and RFID based Solid Municipal Waste Management system. WARM – Waste and Re-pick-up Monitoring/Management. Intelligent Solid Waste Management System. Cosmopolitan Solid Waste Management with Wireless Monitoring. Off-site Municipal Solid waste monitoring and management.
VII. VIII.References IX. 1) Md. Liakot Ali, Mahbubul Alam and Md. Abu Nayeem Redwanur Rahaman “RFID Based E-monitoring System for Municipal Solid Waste Management”. IEEE December 2012 2) Mrs. Kanchan Mahajan and Prof. J.S. Chitode “Zig-Bee Based Waste Management System”. IJESRT February 2014. ISSN: 2277-9655 3) Vicentini, F. Giusti, A., Rovetta, A., Fan, X., He, Q., Zhu, M., & Liu, B. (2008). Sensorised waste collection container for content estimation and collection optimization. Waste management.29, 1467-1472
X. XI. XII. XIII. XIV.
